From 24f6490f4ba3572069619d88e053db5cb07e846c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Arch Librarian Date: Mon, 20 Sep 2004 17:05:19 +0000 Subject: * Replace SGML manpages with XML man pages from richard... Author: mdz Date: 2004-02-07 21:48:14 GMT * Replace SGML manpages with XML man pages from richard.bos@xs4all.nl (Closes: #230687) --- doc/apt_preferences.5.sgml | 570 --------------------------------------------- 1 file changed, 570 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 doc/apt_preferences.5.sgml (limited to 'doc/apt_preferences.5.sgml') diff --git a/doc/apt_preferences.5.sgml b/doc/apt_preferences.5.sgml deleted file mode 100644 index 817586548..000000000 --- a/doc/apt_preferences.5.sgml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,570 +0,0 @@ - - -%aptent; - -]> - - - &apt-docinfo; - - - apt_preferences - 5 - - - - - apt_preferences - Preference control file for APT - - - -Description - -The APT preferences file /etc/apt/preferences -can be used to control which versions of packages will be selected -for installation. - - - -Several versions of a package may be available for installation when -the &sources-list; file contains references to more than one distribution -(for example, stable and testing). -APT assigns a priority to each version that is available. -Subject to dependency constraints, apt-get selects the -version with the highest priority for installation. -The APT preferences file overrides the priorities that APT assigns to -package versions by default, thus giving the user control over which -one is selected for installation. - - -Several instances of the same version of a package may be available when -the &sources-list; file contains references to more than one source. -In this case apt-get downloads the instance listed -earliest in the &sources-list; file. -The APT preferences file does not affect the choice of instance, only -the choice of version. - - -APT's Default Priority Assignments</> - -<para> -If there is no preferences file or if there is no entry in the file -that applies to a particular version then the priority assigned to that -version is the priority of the distribution to which that version -belongs. It is possible to single out a distribution, "the target release", -which receives a higher priority than other distributions do by default. -The target release can be set on the <command>apt-get</command> command -line or in the APT configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename>. -For example, -<programlisting> -<command>apt-get install -t testing <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> -</programlisting> -<programlisting> -APT::Default-Release "stable"; -</programlisting> -</para> - -<para> -If the target release has been specified then APT uses the following -algorithm to set the priorities of the versions of a package. Assign: -<variablelist> -<varlistentry> -<term>priority 100</term> -<listitem><simpara>to the version that is already installed (if any).</simpara></listitem> -</varlistentry> -<varlistentry> -<term>priority 500</term> -<listitem><simpara>to the versions that are not installed and do not belong to the target release.</simpara></listitem> -</varlistentry> -<varlistentry> -<term>priority 990</term> -<listitem><simpara>to the versions that are not installed and belong to the target release.</simpara></listitem> -</varlistentry> -</variablelist> -</para> - -<para> -If the target release has not been specified then APT simply assigns -priority 100 to all installed package versions and priority 500 to all -uninstalled package versions. -</para> - -<para> -APT then applies the following rules, listed in order of precedence, -to determine which version of a package to install. -<itemizedlist> -<listitem><simpara>Never downgrade unless the priority of an available -version exceeds 1000. ("Downgrading" is installing a less recent version -of a package in place of a more recent version. Note that none of APT's -default priorities exceeds 1000; such high priorities can only be set in -the preferences file. Note also that downgrading a package -can be risky.)</simpara></listitem> -<listitem><simpara>Install the highest priority version.</simpara></listitem> -<listitem><simpara>If two or more versions have the same priority, -install the most recent one (that is, the one with the higher version -number).</simpara></listitem> -<listitem><simpara>If two or more versions have the same priority and -version number but either the packages differ in some of their metadata or the -<literal/--reinstall/ option is given, install the uninstalled one.</simpara></listitem> -</itemizedlist> -</para> - -<para> -In a typical situation, the installed version of a package (priority 100) -is not as recent as one of the versions available from the sources listed in -the &sources-list; file (priority 500 or 990). Then the package will be upgraded -when <command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> -or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed. -</para> - -<para> -More rarely, the installed version of a package is <emphasis/more/ recent -than any of the other available versions. The package will not be downgraded -when <command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> -or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed. -</para> - -<para> -Sometimes the installed version of a package is more recent than the -version belonging to the target release, but not as recent as a version -belonging to some other distribution. Such a package will indeed be upgraded -when <command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> -or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed, -because at least <emphasis/one/ of the available versions has a higher -priority than the installed version. -</para> - -</RefSect2> - -<RefSect2><Title>The Effect of APT Preferences</> - -<para> -The APT preferences file allows the system administrator to control the -assignment of priorities. The file consists of one or more multi-line records -separated by blank lines. Records can have one of two forms, a specific form -and a general form. -<itemizedlist> -<listitem> -<simpara> -The specific form assigns a priority (a "Pin-Priority") to a -specified package and specified version or version range. For example, -the following record assigns a high priority to all versions of -the <filename/perl/ package whose version number begins with "<literal/5.8/". -</simpara> - -<programlisting> -Package: perl -Pin: version 5.8* -Pin-Priority: 1001 -</programlisting> -</listitem> - -<listitem><simpara> -The general form assigns a priority to all of the package versions in a -given distribution (that is, to all the versions of packages that are -listed in a certain <filename/Release/ file) or to all of the package -versions coming from a particular Internet site, as identified by the -site's fully qualified domain name. -</simpara> - -<simpara> -This general-form entry in the APT preferences file applies only -to groups of packages. For example, the following record assigns a high -priority to all package versions available from the local site. -</simpara> - -<programlisting> -Package: * -Pin: origin "" -Pin-Priority: 999 -</programlisting> - -<simpara> -A note of caution: the keyword used here is "<literal/origin/". -This should not be confused with the Origin of a distribution as -specified in a <filename/Release/ file. What follows the "Origin:" tag -in a <filename/Release/ file is not an Internet address -but an author or vendor name, such as "Debian" or "Ximian". -</simpara> - -<simpara> -The following record assigns a low priority to all package versions -belonging to any distribution whose Archive name is "<literal/unstable/". -</simpara> - -<programlisting> -Package: * -Pin: release a=unstable -Pin-Priority: 50 -</programlisting> - -<simpara> -The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions -belonging to any release whose Archive name is "<literal/stable/" -and whose release Version number is "<literal/3.0/". -</simpara> - -<programlisting> -Package: * -Pin: release a=unstable, v=3.0 -Pin-Priority: 50 -</programlisting> -</listitem> -</itemizedlist> -</para> - -</RefSect2> - -<RefSect2> -<Title>How APT Interprets Priorities - - -Priorities (P) assigned in the APT preferences file must be positive -or negative integers. They are interpreted as follows (roughly speaking): - - - -P > 1000 -causes a version to be installed even if this -constitutes a downgrade of the package - - -990 < P <=1000 -causes a version to be installed -even if it does not come from the target release, -unless the installed version is more recent - - -500 < P <=990 -causes a version to be installed -unless there is a version available belonging to the target release -or the installed version is more recent - - -100 < P <=500 -causes a version to be installed -unless there is a version available belonging to some other -distribution or the installed version is more recent - -0 < P <=100 -causes a version to be installed -only if there is no installed version of the package - - -P < 0 -prevents the version from being installed - - - - - -If any specific-form records match an available package version then the -first such record determines the priority of the package version. -Failing that, -if any general-form records match an available package version then the -first such record determines the priority of the package version. - - - -For example, suppose the APT preferences file contains the three -records presented earlier: - - -Package: perl -Pin: version 5.8* -Pin-Priority: 1001 - -Package: * -Pin: origin "" -Pin-Priority: 999 - -Package: * -Pin: release unstable -Pin-Priority: 50 - - -Then: - - -The most recent available version of the -A version of any package other than -A version of a package whose origin is not the local -system but some other site listed in &sources-list; and which belongs to -an - - - - - -Determination of Package Version and Distribution Properties - - -The locations listed in the &sources-list; file should provide -Packages and Release files -to describe the packages available at that location. - - - -The Packages file is normally found in the directory -.../dists/dist-name/component/arch: -for example, .../dists/stable/main/binary-i386/Packages. -It consists of a series of multi-line records, one for each package available -in that directory. Only two lines in each record are relevant for setting -APT priorities: - - -the -gives the package name - - -the -gives the version number for the named package - - - - - -The Release file is normally found in the directory -.../dists/dist-name: -for example, .../dists/stable/Release, -or .../dists/woody/Release. -It consists of a single multi-line record which applies to - -the -names the archive to which all the packages -in the directory tree belong. For example, the line -"Archive: stable" -specifies that all of the packages in the directory -tree below the parent of the - -Pin: release a=stable - - - - - -the -names the release version. For example, the -packages in the tree might belong to Debian GNU/Linux release -version 3.0. Note that there is normally no version number for the - - - -Pin: release v=3.0 -Pin: release a=stable, v=3.0 -Pin: release 3.0 - - - - - - -the -names the licensing component associated with the -packages in the directory tree of the - -Pin: release c=main - - - - - -the -names the originator of the packages in the -directory tree of the - -Pin: release o=Debian - - - - - -the -names the label of the packages in the directory tree -of the - -Pin: release l=Debian - - - - - - - -All of the Packages and Release -files retrieved from locations listed in the &sources-list; file are stored -in the directory /var/lib/apt/lists, or in the file named -by the variable debian.lcs.mit.edu_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Release -contains the Release file retrieved from the site - - - - - -Optional Lines in an APT Preferences Record - - -Each record in the APT preferences file can optionally begin with -one or more lines beginning with the word - - -The - - - - -Examples - -Tracking Stable - - -The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a -priority higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging -to a -Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated -Explanation: package versions other than those in the stable distro -Package: * -Pin: release a=stable -Pin-Priority: 900 - -Package: * -Pin: release o=Debian -Pin-Priority: -10 - - - - -With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, -any of the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the -latest -apt-get install package-name -apt-get upgrade -apt-get dist-upgrade - - - - -The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified -package to the latest version from the -apt-get install package/testing - - - - - Tracking Testing or Unstable - - -The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign -a high priority to package versions from the -Package: * -Pin: release a=testing -Pin-Priority: 900 - -Package: * -Pin: release a=unstable -Pin-Priority: 800 - -Package: * -Pin: release o=Debian -Pin-Priority: -10 - - - - -With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, -any of the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest - -apt-get install package-name -apt-get upgrade -apt-get dist-upgrade - - - -The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified -package to the latest version from the apt-get upgrade will upgrade -the package to the most recent -apt-get install package/unstable - - - - - - - -See Also - -&apt-get; &apt-cache; &apt-conf; &sources-list; - - - - &manbugs; - &manauthor; - - -- cgit v1.2.3