# Translation of apt manpages and documentation to LANGUAGE # This file is distributed under the same license as the apt-doc package. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: apt-doc 1.6.5\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2018-09-28 15:06+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "Language: \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" " APT team\n" " \n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "\t\tQA Page\n" "\t\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "Bugs\n" " APT bug page.\n" " If you wish to report a bug in APT, please see\n" " /usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt or the\n" " &reportbug; command.\n" " \n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "Author\n" " APT was written by the APT team " "apt@packages.debian.org.\n" " \n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "\n" " \n" " Show a short usage summary.\n" " \n" " \n" " \n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" " \n" " \n" " \n" " Show the program version.\n" " \n" " \n" " \n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" " \n" " \n" " \n" " Configuration File; Specify a configuration file to " "use. \n" " The program will read the default configuration file and then this \n" " configuration file. If configuration settings need to be set before " "the\n" " default configuration files are parsed specify a file with the " "APT_CONFIG\n" " environment variable. See &apt-conf; for syntax information.\n" " \n" " \n" " \n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" " \n" " \n" " \n" " Set a Configuration Option; This will set an " "arbitrary\n" " configuration option. The syntax is .\n" " and can be used " "multiple\n" " times to set different options.\n" " \n" " \n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "All command line options may be set using the configuration file, " "the\n" " descriptions indicate the configuration option to set. For boolean\n" " options you can override the config file by using something like \n" " ,, \n" " or several other variations.\n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "/etc/apt/apt.conf\n" " APT configuration file.\n" " Configuration Item: " "Dir::Etc::Main.\n" " \n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" " /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/\n" " APT configuration file fragments.\n" " Configuration Item: " "Dir::Etc::Parts.\n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "&cachedir;/archives/\n" " Storage area for retrieved package files.\n" " Configuration Item: " "Dir::Cache::Archives.\n" " \n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" " " "&cachedir;/archives/partial/\n" " Storage area for package files in transit.\n" " Configuration Item: Dir::Cache::Archives " "(partial will be implicitly " "appended)\n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "/etc/apt/preferences\n" " Version preferences file.\n" " This is where you would specify "pinning",\n" " i.e. a preference to get certain packages\n" " from a separate source\n" " or from a different version of a distribution.\n" " Configuration Item: " "Dir::Etc::Preferences.\n" " \n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" " " "/etc/apt/preferences.d/\n" " File fragments for the version preferences.\n" " Configuration Item: " "Dir::Etc::PreferencesParts.\n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "/etc/apt/sources.list\n" " Locations to fetch packages from.\n" " Configuration Item: " "Dir::Etc::SourceList.\n" " \n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" " " "/etc/apt/sources.list.d/\n" " File fragments for locations to fetch packages from.\n" " Configuration Item: " "Dir::Etc::SourceParts.\n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "&statedir;/lists/\n" " Storage area for state information for each package " "resource specified in\n" " &sources-list;\n" " Configuration Item: " "Dir::State::Lists.\n" " \n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" " " "&statedir;/lists/partial/\n" " Storage area for state information in transit.\n" " Configuration Item: Dir::State::Lists " "(partial will be implicitly " "appended)\n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "/etc/apt/trusted.gpg\n" " Keyring of local trusted keys, new keys will be added " "here.\n" " Configuration Item: " "Dir::Etc::Trusted.\n" " \n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" " " "/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/\n" " File fragments for the trusted keys, additional " "keyrings can\n" " be stored here (by other packages or the administrator).\n" " Configuration Item " "Dir::Etc::TrustedParts.\n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "/var/lib/apt/extended_states\n" " Status list of auto-installed packages.\n" " Configuration Item: Dir::State::extended_states.\n" " \n" " \n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "john@doe.org in 2009,\n" " 2010 and Daniela Acme daniela@acme.us in 2010 together " "with the\n" " Debian Dummy l10n Team " "debian-l10n-dummy@lists.debian.org.\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent msgid "" " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: #: apt.8.xml apt-get.8.xml apt-cache.8.xml apt-key.8.xml apt-mark.8.xml #: apt-secure.8.xml apt-cdrom.8.xml apt-config.8.xml msgid "8" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: #: apt.8.xml apt-get.8.xml apt-cache.8.xml apt-key.8.xml apt-mark.8.xml #: apt-secure.8.xml apt-cdrom.8.xml apt-config.8.xml apt.conf.5.xml #: apt_preferences.5.xml sources.list.5.xml apt-extracttemplates.1.xml #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml apt-ftparchive.1.xml apt_auth.conf.5.xml #: apt-transport-http.1.xml apt-transport-https.1.xml #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "APT" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: #: apt.8.xml msgid "command-line interface" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: #: apt.8.xml apt-get.8.xml apt-cache.8.xml apt-key.8.xml apt-mark.8.xml #: apt-secure.8.xml apt-cdrom.8.xml apt-config.8.xml apt.conf.5.xml #: apt_preferences.5.xml sources.list.5.xml apt-extracttemplates.1.xml #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml apt-ftparchive.1.xml apt_auth.conf.5.xml #: apt-transport-http.1.xml apt-transport-https.1.xml #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "Description" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt</command> provides a high-level commandline interface for the " "package management system. It is intended as an end user interface and " "enables some options better suited for interactive usage by default compared " "to more specialized APT tools like &apt-get; and &apt-cache;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "Much like <command>apt</command> itself, its manpage is intended as an end " "user interface and as such only mentions the most used commands and options " "partly to not duplicate information in multiple places and partly to avoid " "overwhelming readers with a cornucopia of options and details." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt.8.xml msgid "(&apt-get;)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "<option>update</option> is used to download package information from all " "configured sources. Other commands operate on this data to e.g. perform " "package upgrades or search in and display details about all packages " "available for installation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "<option>upgrade</option> is used to install available upgrades of all " "packages currently installed on the system from the sources configured via " "&sources-list;. New packages will be installed if required to satisfy " "dependencies, but existing packages will never be removed. If an upgrade for " "a package requires the remove of an installed package the upgrade for this " "package isn't performed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>full-upgrade</literal> performs the function of upgrade but will " "remove currently installed packages if this is needed to upgrade the system " "as a whole." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt.8.xml apt-key.8.xml msgid "," msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "Performs the requested action on one or more packages specified via ®ex;, " "&glob; or exact match. The requested action can be overridden for specific " "packages by append a plus (+) to the package name to install this package or " "a minus (-) to remove it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by " "following the package name with an equals (=) and the version of the package " "to select. Alternatively the version from a specific release can be selected " "by following the package name with a forward slash (/) and codename " "(&debian-stable-codename;, &debian-testing-codename;, sid …) or suite name " "(stable, testing, unstable). This will also select versions from this " "release for dependencies of this package if needed to satisfy the request." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "Removing a package removes all packaged data, but leaves usually small " "(modified) user configuration files behind, in case the remove was an " "accident. Just issuing an installation request for the accidentally removed " "package will restore its function as before in that case. On the other hand " "you can get rid of these leftovers by calling <command>purge</command> even " "on already removed packages. Note that this does not affect any data or " "configuration stored in your home directory." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>autoremove</literal> is used to remove packages that were " "automatically installed to satisfy dependencies for other packages and are " "now no longer needed as dependencies changed or the package(s) needing them " "were removed in the meantime." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "You should check that the list does not include applications you have grown " "to like even though they were once installed just as a dependency of another " "package. You can mark such a package as manually installed by using " "&apt-mark;. Packages which you have installed explicitly via " "<command>install</command> are also never proposed for automatic removal." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt.8.xml msgid "(&apt-cache;)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "<option>search</option> can be used to search for the given ®ex; term(s) " "in the list of available packages and display matches. This can e.g. be " "useful if you are looking for packages having a specific feature. If you " "are looking for a package including a specific file try &apt-file;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "Show information about the given package(s) including its dependencies, " "installation and download size, sources the package is available from, the " "description of the packages content and much more. It can e.g. be helpful to " "look at this information before allowing &apt; to remove a package or while " "searching for new packages to install." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt.8.xml msgid "(work-in-progress)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "<option>list</option> is somewhat similar to <command>dpkg-query " "--list</command> in that it can display a list of packages satisfying " "certain criteria. It supports &glob; patterns for matching package names as " "well as options to list installed (<option>--installed</option>), " "upgradeable (<option>--upgradeable</option>) or all available " "(<option>--all-versions</option>) versions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>edit-sources</literal> lets you edit your &sources-list; files in " "your preferred texteditor while also providing basic sanity checks." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.8.xml msgid "Script Usage and Differences from Other APT Tools" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "The &apt; commandline is designed as an end-user tool and it may change " "behavior between versions. While it tries not to break backward " "compatibility this is not guaranteed either if a change seems beneficial for " "interactive use." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "All features of &apt; are available in dedicated APT tools like &apt-get; " "and &apt-cache; as well. &apt; just changes the default value of some " "options (see &apt-conf; and specifically the Binary scope). So you should " "prefer using these commands (potentially with some additional options " "enabled) in your scripts as they keep backward compatibility as much as " "possible." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.8.xml apt-get.8.xml apt-cache.8.xml apt-key.8.xml apt-mark.8.xml #: apt-secure.8.xml apt-cdrom.8.xml apt-config.8.xml apt.conf.5.xml #: apt_preferences.5.xml sources.list.5.xml apt-extracttemplates.1.xml #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml apt-ftparchive.1.xml apt_auth.conf.5.xml #: apt-transport-http.1.xml apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "See Also" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "&apt-get;, &apt-cache;, &sources-list;, &apt-conf;, &apt-config;, The APT " "User's guide in &guidesdir;, &apt-preferences;, the APT Howto." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.8.xml apt-get.8.xml apt-cache.8.xml apt-mark.8.xml apt-cdrom.8.xml #: apt-config.8.xml apt-extracttemplates.1.xml apt-sortpkgs.1.xml #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Diagnostics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on " "error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "APT package handling utility -- command-line interface" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-get</command> is the command-line tool for handling packages, " "and may be considered the user's \"back-end\" to other tools using the APT " "library. Several \"front-end\" interfaces exist, such as &aptitude;, " "&synaptic; and &wajig;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-get.8.xml apt-cache.8.xml apt-cdrom.8.xml apt-config.8.xml #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given, " "one of the commands below must be present." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>update</literal> is used to resynchronize the package index files " "from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the " "location(s) specified in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. For " "example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and scans the " "<filename>Packages.gz</filename> files, so that information about new and " "updated packages is available. An <literal>update</literal> should always be " "performed before an <literal>upgrade</literal> or " "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal>. Please be aware that the overall progress " "meter will be incorrect as the size of the package files cannot be known in " "advance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>upgrade</literal> is used to install the newest versions of all " "packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in " "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. Packages currently installed " "with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no " "circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not " "already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently " "installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install " "status of another package will be left at their current version. An " "<literal>update</literal> must be performed first so that " "<command>apt-get</command> knows that new versions of packages are " "available." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> in addition to performing the function of " "<literal>upgrade</literal>, also intelligently handles changing dependencies " "with new versions of packages; <command>apt-get</command> has a \"smart\" " "conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most " "important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. The " "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> command may therefore remove some packages. " "The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file contains a list of " "locations from which to retrieve desired package files. See also " "&apt-preferences; for a mechanism for overriding the general settings for " "individual packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> is used in conjunction with the " "traditional Debian packaging front-end, " "&dselect;. <literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> follows the changes made by " "&dselect; to the <literal>Status</literal> field of available packages, and " "performs the actions necessary to realize that state (for instance, the " "removal of old and the installation of new packages)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>install</literal> is followed by one or more packages desired for " "installation or upgrading. Each package is a package name, not a fully " "qualified filename (for instance, in a Debian system, " "<package>apt-utils</package> would be the argument provided, not " "<filename>apt-utils_&apt-product-version;_amd64.deb</filename>). All " "packages required by the package(s) specified for installation will also be " "retrieved and installed. The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> " "file is used to locate the desired packages. If a hyphen is appended to the " "package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be " "removed if it is installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate " "a package to install. These latter features may be used to override " "decisions made by apt-get's conflict resolution system." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by " "following the package name with an equals and the version of the package to " "select. This will cause that version to be located and selected for " "install. Alternatively a specific distribution can be selected by following " "the package name with a slash and the version of the distribution or the " "Archive name (stable, testing, unstable)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Both of the version selection mechanisms can downgrade packages and must be " "used with care." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "This is also the target to use if you want to upgrade one or more " "already-installed packages without upgrading every package you have on your " "system. Unlike the \"upgrade\" target, which installs the newest version of " "all currently installed packages, \"install\" will install the newest " "version of only the package(s) specified. Simply provide the name of the " "package(s) you wish to upgrade, and if a newer version is available, it (and " "its dependencies, as described above) will be downloaded and installed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Finally, the &apt-preferences; mechanism allows you to create an alternative " "installation policy for individual packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "If no package matches the given expression and the expression contains one " "of '.', '?' or '*' then it is assumed to be a POSIX regular expression, and " "it is applied to all package names in the database. Any matches are then " "installed (or removed). Note that matching is done by substring so 'lo.*' " "matches 'how-lo' and 'lowest'. If this is undesired, anchor the regular " "expression with a '^' or '$' character, or create a more specific regular " "expression." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>remove</literal> is identical to <literal>install</literal> except " "that packages are removed instead of installed. Note that removing a package " "leaves its configuration files on the system. If a plus sign is appended to " "the package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be " "installed instead of removed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>purge</literal> is identical to <literal>remove</literal> except " "that packages are removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted " "too)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>source</literal> causes <command>apt-get</command> to fetch source " "packages. APT will examine the available packages to decide which source " "package to fetch. It will then find and download into the current directory " "the newest available version of that source package while respecting the " "default release, set with the option " "<literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>, the <option>-t</option> option or " "per package with the <literal>pkg/release</literal> syntax, if possible." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Source packages are tracked separately from binary packages via " "<literal>deb-src</literal> lines in the &sources-list; file. This means that " "you will need to add such a line for each repository you want to get sources " "from; otherwise you will probably get either the wrong (too old/too new) " "source versions or none at all." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "If the <option>--compile</option> option is specified then the package will " "be compiled to a binary .deb using <command>dpkg-buildpackage</command> for " "the architecture as defined by the <command>--host-architecture</command> " "option. If <option>--download-only</option> is specified then the source " "package will not be unpacked." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "A specific source version can be retrieved by postfixing the source name " "with an equals and then the version to fetch, similar to the mechanism used " "for the package files. This enables exact matching of the source package " "name and version, implicitly enabling the " "<literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</literal> option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Note that source packages are not installed and tracked in the " "<command>dpkg</command> database like binary packages; they are simply " "downloaded to the current directory, like source tarballs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>build-dep</literal> causes apt-get to install/remove packages in an " "attempt to satisfy the build dependencies for a source package. By default " "the dependencies are satisfied to build the package natively. If desired a " "host-architecture can be specified with the " "<option>--host-architecture</option> option instead." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>check</literal> is a diagnostic tool; it updates the package cache " "and checks for broken dependencies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>download</literal> will download the given binary package into the " "current directory." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>clean</literal> clears out the local repository of retrieved " "package files. It removes everything but the lock file from " "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename> and " "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/partial/</filename>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "(and the" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "alias since 1.1)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Like <literal>clean</literal>, <literal>autoclean</literal> clears out the " "local repository of retrieved package files. The difference is that it only " "removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely " "useless. This allows a cache to be maintained over a long period without it " "growing out of control. The configuration option " "<literal>APT::Clean-Installed</literal> will prevent installed packages from " "being erased if it is set to off." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>autoremove</literal> is used to remove packages that were " "automatically installed to satisfy dependencies for other packages and are " "now no longer needed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>changelog</literal> tries to download the changelog of a package " "and displays it through <command>sensible-pager</command>. By default it " "displays the changelog for the version that is installed. However, you can " "specify the same options as for the <option>install</option> command." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Displays by default a deb822 formatted listing of information about all data " "files (aka index targets) <command>apt-get update</command> would " "download. Supports a <option>--format</option> option to modify the output " "format as well as accepts lines of the default output to filter the records " "by. The command is mainly used as an interface for external tools working " "with APT to get information as well as filenames for downloaded files so " "they can use them as well instead of downloading them again on their " "own. Detailed documentation is omitted here and can instead be found in the " "file &apt-acquire-additional-files; shipped by the " "<package>apt-doc</package> package." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-get.8.xml apt-cache.8.xml apt-config.8.xml apt-extracttemplates.1.xml #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "options" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Do not consider recommended packages as a dependency for installing. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Install-Recommends</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Consider suggested packages as a dependency for installing. Configuration " "Item: <literal>APT::Install-Suggests</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Download only; package files are only retrieved, not unpacked or installed. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Download-Only</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This " "option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages to permit APT " "to deduce a likely solution. If packages are specified, these have to " "completely correct the problem. The option is sometimes necessary when " "running APT for the first time; APT itself does not allow broken package " "dependencies to exist on a system. It is possible that a system's dependency " "structure can be so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually " "means using <command>dpkg --remove</command> to eliminate some of the " "offending packages). Use of this option together with <option>-m</option> " "may produce an error in some situations. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Fix-Broken</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Ignore missing packages; if packages cannot be retrieved or fail the " "integrity check after retrieval (corrupted package files), hold back those " "packages and handle the result. Use of this option together with " "<option>-f</option> may produce an error in some situations. If a package is " "selected for installation (particularly if it is mentioned on the command " "line) and it could not be downloaded then it will be silently held back. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Fix-Missing</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Disables downloading of packages. This is best used with " "<option>--ignore-missing</option> to force APT to use only the .debs it has " "already downloaded. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Download</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. " "More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use " "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration " "file. Note that quiet level 2 implies <option>-y</option>; you should never " "use -qq without a no-action modifier such as -d, --print-uris or -s as APT " "may decide to do something you did not expect. Configuration Item: " "<literal>quiet</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "No action; perform a simulation of events that would occur based on the " "current system state but do not actually change the system. Locking will be " "disabled (<option>Debug::NoLocking</option>) so the system state could " "change while <command>apt-get</command> is running. Simulations can also be " "executed by non-root users which might not have read access to all apt " "configuration distorting the simulation. A notice expressing this warning " "is also shown by default for non-root users " "(<option>APT::Get::Show-User-Simulation-Note</option>). Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Simulate</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Simulated runs print out a series of lines, each representing a " "<command>dpkg</command> operation: configure (<literal>Conf</literal>), " "remove (<literal>Remv</literal>) or unpack " "(<literal>Inst</literal>). Square brackets indicate broken packages, and " "empty square brackets indicate breaks that are of no consequence (rare)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Automatic yes to prompts; assume \"yes\" as answer to all prompts and run " "non-interactively. If an undesirable situation, such as changing a held " "package, trying to install a unauthenticated package or removing an " "essential package occurs then <literal>apt-get</literal> will abort. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Automatic \"no\" to all prompts. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Assume-No</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Do not show a list of all packages that are to be upgraded. Configuration " "Item: <literal>APT::Get::Show-Upgraded</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Show full versions for upgraded and installed packages. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Show-Versions</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "This option controls the architecture packages are built for by " "<command>apt-get source --compile</command> and how cross-builddependencies " "are satisfied. By default is it not set which means that the host " "architecture is the same as the build architecture (which is defined by " "<literal>APT::Architecture</literal>). Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Host-Architecture</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "This option controls the activated build profiles for which a source package " "is built by <command>apt-get source --compile</command> and how build " "dependencies are satisfied. By default no build profile is active. More " "than one build profile can be activated at a time by concatenating them with " "a comma. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Build-Profiles</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Compile source packages after downloading them. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Compile</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Ignore package holds; this causes <command>apt-get</command> to ignore a " "hold placed on a package. This may be useful in conjunction with " "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> to override a large number of undesired " "holds. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Ignore-Hold</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Allow installing new packages when used in conjunction with " "<literal>upgrade</literal>. This is useful if the update of a installed " "package requires new dependencies to be installed. Instead of holding the " "package back <literal>upgrade</literal> will upgrade the package and install " "the new dependencies. Note that <literal>upgrade</literal> with this option " "will never remove packages, only allow adding new ones. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Upgrade-Allow-New</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Do not upgrade packages; when used in conjunction with " "<literal>install</literal>, <literal>no-upgrade</literal> will prevent " "packages on the command line from being upgraded if they are already " "installed. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Upgrade</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Do not install new packages; when used in conjunction with " "<literal>install</literal>, <literal>only-upgrade</literal> will install " "upgrades for already installed packages only and ignore requests to install " "new packages. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Only-Upgrade</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "This is a dangerous option that will cause apt to continue without prompting " "if it is doing downgrades. It should not be used except in very special " "situations. Using it can potentially destroy your system! Configuration " "Item: <literal>APT::Get::allow-downgrades</literal>. Introduced in APT 1.1." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Force yes; this is a dangerous option that will cause apt to continue " "without prompting if it is removing essentials. It should not be used except " "in very special situations. Using it can potentially destroy your system! " "Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::allow-remove-essential</literal>. Introduced in APT 1.1." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Force yes; this is a dangerous option that will cause apt to continue " "without prompting if it is changing held packages. It should not be used " "except in very special situations. Using it can potentially destroy your " "system! Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::allow-change-held-packages</literal>. Introduced in APT " "1.1." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Force yes; this is a dangerous option that will cause apt to continue " "without prompting if it is doing something potentially harmful. It should " "not be used except in very special situations. Using " "<literal>force-yes</literal> can potentially destroy your system! " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::force-yes</literal>. This is " "deprecated and replaced by <option>--allow-unauthenticated</option> , " "<option>--allow-downgrades</option> , " "<option>--allow-remove-essential</option> , " "<option>--allow-change-held-packages</option> in 1.1." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Instead of fetching the files to install their URIs are printed. Each URI " "will have the path, the destination file name, the size and the expected MD5 " "hash. Note that the file name to write to will not always match the file " "name on the remote site! This also works with the <literal>source</literal> " "and <literal>update</literal> commands. When used with the " "<literal>update</literal> command the MD5 and size are not included, and it " "is up to the user to decompress any compressed files. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Print-URIs</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Use purge instead of remove for anything that would be removed. An asterisk " "(\"*\") will be displayed next to packages which are scheduled to be " "purged. <option>remove --purge</option> is equivalent to the " "<option>purge</option> command. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Purge</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Re-install packages that are already installed and at the newest version. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::ReInstall</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "This option is on by default; use <literal>--no-list-cleanup</literal> to " "turn it off. When it is on, <command>apt-get</command> will automatically " "manage the contents of <filename>&statedir;/lists</filename> to ensure that " "obsolete files are erased. The only reason to turn it off is if you " "frequently change your sources list. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::List-Cleanup</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "This option controls the default input to the policy engine; it creates a " "default pin at priority 990 using the specified release string. This " "overrides the general settings in " "<filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename>. Specifically pinned packages are " "not affected by the value of this option. In short, this option lets you " "have simple control over which distribution packages will be retrieved " "from. Some common examples might be <option>-t '2.1*'</option>, <option>-t " "unstable</option> or <option>-t sid</option>. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>; see also the &apt-preferences; " "manual page." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Only perform operations that are 'trivial'. Logically this can be considered " "related to <option>--assume-yes</option>; where " "<option>--assume-yes</option> will answer yes to any prompt, " "<option>--trivial-only</option> will answer no. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Trivial-Only</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "If any packages are to be removed apt-get immediately aborts without " "prompting. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Remove</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "If the command is either <literal>install</literal> or " "<literal>remove</literal>, then this option acts like running the " "<literal>autoremove</literal> command, removing unused dependency " "packages. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::AutomaticRemove</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Only has meaning for the <literal>source</literal> and " "<literal>build-dep</literal> commands. Indicates that the given source " "names are not to be mapped through the binary table. This means that if " "this option is specified, these commands will only accept source package " "names as arguments, rather than accepting binary package names and looking " "up the corresponding source package. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Download only the diff, dsc, or tar file of a source archive. Configuration " "Item: <literal>APT::Get::Diff-Only</literal>, " "<literal>APT::Get::Dsc-Only</literal>, and " "<literal>APT::Get::Tar-Only</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Only process architecture-dependent build-dependencies. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Arch-Only</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Only process architecture-independent build-dependencies. Configuration " "Item: <literal>APT::Get::Indep-Only</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Ignore if packages can't be authenticated and don't prompt about it. This " "can be useful while working with local repositories, but is a huge security " "risk if data authenticity isn't ensured in another way by the user itself. " "The usage of the <option>Trusted</option> option for &sources-list; entries " "should usually be preferred over this global override. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::AllowUnauthenticated</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Forbid the update command to acquire unverifiable data from configured " "sources. APT will fail at the update command for repositories without valid " "cryptographically signatures. See also &apt-secure; for details on the " "concept and the implications. Configuration Item: " "<literal>Acquire::AllowInsecureRepositories</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Allow the update command to continue downloading data from a repository " "which changed its information of the release contained in the repository " "indicating e.g a new major release. APT will fail at the update command for " "such repositories until the change is confirmed to ensure the user is " "prepared for the change. See also &apt-secure; for details on the concept " "and configuration." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Specialist options " "(<literal>--allow-releaseinfo-change-</literal><replaceable>field</replaceable>) " "exist to allow changes only for certain fields like " "<literal>origin</literal>, <literal>label</literal>, " "<literal>codename</literal>, <literal>suite</literal>, " "<literal>version</literal> and <literal>defaultpin</literal>. See also " "&apt-preferences;. Configuration Item: " "<literal>Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Show user friendly progress information in the terminal window when packages " "are installed, upgraded or removed. For a machine parsable version of this " "data see README.progress-reporting in the apt doc directory. Configuration " "Items: <literal>Dpkg::Progress</literal> and " "<literal>Dpkg::Progress-Fancy</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "Adds the given file as a source for metadata. Can be repeated to add " "multiple files. See <option>--with-source</option> description in " "&apt-cache; for further details." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-get.8.xml apt-cache.8.xml apt-key.8.xml apt-mark.8.xml apt.conf.5.xml #: apt_preferences.5.xml apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "Files" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "&apt-cache;, &apt-cdrom;, &dpkg;, &sources-list;, &apt-conf;, &apt-config;, " "&apt-secure;, The APT User's guide in &guidesdir;, &apt-preferences;, the " "APT Howto." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-get.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-get</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on " "error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "query the APT cache" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-cache</command> performs a variety of operations on APT's " "package cache. <command>apt-cache</command> does not manipulate the state of " "the system but does provide operations to search and generate interesting " "output from the package metadata. The metadata is acquired and updated via " "the 'update' command of e.g. <command>apt-get</command>, so that it can be " "outdated if the last update is too long ago, but in exchange " "<command>apt-cache</command> works independently of the availability of the " "configured sources (e.g. offline)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>gencaches</literal> creates APT's package cache. This is done " "implicitly by all commands needing this cache if it is missing or outdated." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><replaceable> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "&synopsis-pkg;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>showpkg</literal> displays information about the packages listed on " "the command line. Remaining arguments are package names. The available " "versions and reverse dependencies of each package listed are listed, as well " "as forward dependencies for each version. Forward (normal) dependencies are " "those packages upon which the package in question depends; reverse " "dependencies are those packages that depend upon the package in " "question. Thus, forward dependencies must be satisfied for a package, but " "reverse dependencies need not be. For instance, <command>apt-cache showpkg " "libreadline2</command> would produce output similar to the following:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting> #: apt-cache.8.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: libreadline2\n" "Versions: 2.1-12(/var/state/apt/lists/foo_Packages),\n" "Reverse Depends: \n" " libreadlineg2,libreadline2\n" " libreadline2-altdev,libreadline2\n" "Dependencies:\n" "2.1-12 - libc5 (2 5.4.0-0) ncurses3.0 (0 (null))\n" "Provides:\n" "2.1-12 - \n" "Reverse Provides: \n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Thus it may be seen that libreadline2, version 2.1-12, depends on libc5 and " "ncurses3.0 which must be installed for libreadline2 to work. In turn, " "libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev depend on libreadline2. If " "libreadline2 is installed, libc5 and ncurses3.0 (and ldso) must also be " "installed; libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev do not have to be " "installed. For the specific meaning of the remainder of the output it is " "best to consult the apt source code." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>stats</literal> displays some statistics about the cache. No " "further arguments are expected. Statistics reported are:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>Total package names</literal> is the number of package names found " "in the cache." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>Normal packages</literal> is the number of regular, ordinary " "package names; these are packages that bear a one-to-one correspondence " "between their names and the names used by other packages for them in " "dependencies. The majority of packages fall into this category." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>Pure virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that " "exist only as a virtual package name; that is, packages only \"provide\" the " "virtual package name, and no package actually uses the name. For instance, " "\"mail-transport-agent\" in the Debian system is a pure virtual package; " "several packages provide \"mail-transport-agent\", but there is no package " "named \"mail-transport-agent\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>Single virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages with " "only one package providing a particular virtual package. For example, in the " "Debian system, \"X11-text-viewer\" is a virtual package, but only one " "package, xless, provides \"X11-text-viewer\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>Mixed virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that " "either provide a particular virtual package or have the virtual package name " "as the package name. For instance, in the Debian system, \"debconf\" is both " "an actual package, and provided by the debconf-tiny package." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>Missing</literal> is the number of package names that were " "referenced in a dependency but were not provided by any package. Missing " "packages may be an evidence if a full distribution is not accessed, or if a " "package (real or virtual) has been dropped from the distribution. Usually " "they are referenced from Conflicts or Breaks statements." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>Total distinct</literal> versions is the number of package versions " "found in the cache. If more than one distribution is being accessed (for " "instance, \"stable\" and \"unstable\"), this value can be considerably " "larger than the number of total package names." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>Total dependencies</literal> is the number of dependency " "relationships claimed by all of the packages in the cache." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>showsrc</literal> displays all the source package records that " "match the given package names. All versions are shown, as well as all " "records that declare the name to be a binary package. Use " "<option>--only-source</option> to display only source package names." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>dump</literal> shows a short listing of every package in the " "cache. It is primarily for debugging." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>dumpavail</literal> prints out an available list to stdout. This is " "suitable for use with &dpkg; and is used by the &dselect; method." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>unmet</literal> displays a summary of all unmet dependencies in the " "package cache." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>show</literal> performs a function similar to <command>dpkg " "--print-avail</command>; it displays the package records for the named " "packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><replaceable> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "&synopsis-regex;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>search</literal> performs a full text search on all available " "package lists for the POSIX regex pattern given, see ®ex;. It searches " "the package names and the descriptions for an occurrence of the regular " "expression and prints out the package name and the short description, " "including virtual package names. If <option>--full</option> is given then " "output identical to <literal>show</literal> is produced for each matched " "package, and if <option>--names-only</option> is given then the long " "description is not searched, only the package name and provided packages " "are." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Separate arguments can be used to specify multiple search patterns that are " "and'ed together." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>depends</literal> shows a listing of each dependency a package has " "and all the possible other packages that can fulfill that dependency." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>rdepends</literal> shows a listing of each reverse dependency a " "package has." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "<optional><replaceable>&synopsis-prefix;</replaceable></optional>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "This command prints the name of each package APT knows. The optional " "argument is a prefix match to filter the name list. The output is suitable " "for use in a shell tab complete function and the output is generated " "extremely quickly. This command is best used with the " "<option>--generate</option> option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Note that a package which APT knows of is not necessarily available to " "download, installable or installed, e.g. virtual packages are also listed in " "the generated list." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>dotty</literal> takes a list of packages on the command line and " "generates output suitable for use by dotty from the <ulink " "url=\"http://www.research.att.com/sw/tools/graphviz/\">GraphViz</ulink> " "package. The result will be a set of nodes and edges representing the " "relationships between the packages. By default the given packages will trace " "out all dependent packages; this can produce a very large graph. To limit " "the output to only the packages listed on the command line, set the " "<literal>APT::Cache::GivenOnly</literal> option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "The resulting nodes will have several shapes; normal packages are boxes, " "pure virtual packages are triangles, mixed virtual packages are diamonds, " "missing packages are hexagons. Orange boxes mean recursion was stopped (leaf " "packages), blue lines are pre-depends, green lines are conflicts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "Caution, dotty cannot graph larger sets of packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "The same as <literal>dotty</literal>, only for xvcg from the <ulink " "url=\"http://rw4.cs.uni-sb.de/users/sander/html/gsvcg1.html\">VCG " "tool</ulink>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "<optional><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</optional>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>policy</literal> is meant to help debug issues relating to the " "preferences file. With no arguments it will print out the priorities of each " "source. Otherwise it prints out detailed information about the priority " "selection of the named package." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>apt-cache</literal>'s <literal>madison</literal> command attempts " "to mimic the output format and a subset of the functionality of the Debian " "archive management tool, <literal>madison</literal>. It displays available " "versions of a package in a tabular format. Unlike the original " "<literal>madison</literal>, it can only display information for the " "architecture for which APT has retrieved package lists " "(<literal>APT::Architecture</literal>)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Select the file to store the package cache. The package cache is the primary " "cache used by all operations. Configuration Item: " "<literal>Dir::Cache::pkgcache</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Select the file to store the source cache. The source is used only by " "<literal>gencaches</literal> and it stores a parsed version of the package " "information from remote sources. When building the package cache the source " "cache is used to avoid reparsing all of the package files. Configuration " "Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. " "More q's will produce more quietness up to a maximum of 2. You can also use " "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quietness level, overriding the " "configuration file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Print only important dependencies; for use with <literal>unmet</literal> and " "<literal>depends</literal>. Causes only Depends and Pre-Depends relations to " "be printed. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Important</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Per default the <command>depends</command> and <command>rdepends</command> " "print all dependencies. This can be tweaked with these flags which will omit " "the specified dependency type. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Cache::Show<replaceable>DependencyType</replaceable></literal> " "e.g. <literal>APT::Cache::ShowRecommends</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Per default <command>depends</command> and <command>rdepends</command> print " "only dependencies explicitly expressed in the metadata. With this flag it " "will also show dependencies implicitly added based on the encountered data. " "A <literal>Conflicts: foo</literal> e.g. expresses implicitly that this " "package also conflicts with the package foo from any other architecture. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::ShowImplicit</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Print full package records when searching. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Cache::ShowFull</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Print full records for all available versions. This is the default; to turn " "it off, use <option>--no-all-versions</option>. If " "<option>--no-all-versions</option> is specified, only the candidate version " "will be displayed (the one which would be selected for installation). This " "option is only applicable to the <literal>show</literal> command. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::AllVersions</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Perform automatic package cache regeneration, rather than use the cache as " "it is. This is the default; to turn it off, use " "<option>--no-generate</option>. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Cache::Generate</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Only search on the package and provided package names, not the long " "descriptions. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::NamesOnly</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Make <literal>pkgnames</literal> print all names, including virtual packages " "and missing dependencies. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Cache::AllNames</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Make <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> recursive so " "that all packages mentioned are printed once. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Cache::RecurseDepends</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Limit the output of <literal>depends</literal> and " "<literal>rdepends</literal> to packages which are currently installed. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Installed</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Adds the given file as a source for metadata. Can be repeated to add " "multiple files. Supported are currently <literal>*.deb</literal>, " "<literal>*.dsc</literal>, <literal>*.changes</literal>, " "<literal>Sources</literal> and <literal>Packages</literal> files as well as " "source package directories. Files are matched based on their name only, not " "their content!" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>Sources</literal> and <literal>Packages</literal> can be compressed " "in any format apt supports as long as they have the correct extension. If " "you need to store multiple of these files in one directory you can prefix a " "name of your choice with the last character being an underscore " "(\"<literal>_</literal>\"). Example: my.example_Packages.xz" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "Note that these sources are treated as trusted (see &apt-secure;). " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Sources::With</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "&apt-conf;, &sources-list;, &apt-get;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-cache</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 " "on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "APT key management utility" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-key</command> is used to manage the list of keys used by apt to " "authenticate packages. Packages which have been authenticated using these " "keys will be considered trusted." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "Note that if usage of <command>apt-key</command> is desired the additional " "installation of the GNU Privacy Guard suite (packaged in " "<package>gnupg</package>) is required. For this reason alone the " "programmatic usage (especially in package maintainerscripts!) is strongly " "discouraged. Further more the output format of all commands is undefined " "and can and does change whenever the underlying commands " "change. <command>apt-key</command> will try to detect such usage and " "generates warnings on stderr in these cases." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "Supported keyring files" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "apt-key supports only the binary OpenPGP format (also known as \"GPG key " "public ring\") in files with the \"<literal>gpg</literal>\" extension, not " "the keybox database format introduced in newer &gpg; versions as default for " "keyring files. Binary keyring files intended to be used with any apt version " "should therefore always be created with <command>gpg --export</command>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "Alternatively, if all systems which should be using the created keyring have " "at least apt version >= 1.4 installed, you can use the ASCII armored format " "with the \"<literal>asc</literal>\" extension instead which can be created " "with <command>gpg --armor --export</command>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "Commands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "Add a new key to the list of trusted keys. The key is read from the " "filename given with the parameter &synopsis-param-filename; or if the " "filename is <literal>-</literal> from standard input." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "It is critical that keys added manually via <command>apt-key</command> are " "verified to belong to the owner of the repositories they claim to be for " "otherwise the &apt-secure; infrastructure is completely undermined." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "<emphasis>Note</emphasis>: Instead of using this command a keyring should be " "placed directly in the <filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/</filename> " "directory with a descriptive name and either \"<literal>gpg</literal>\" or " "\"<literal>asc</literal>\" as file extension." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "Remove a key from the list of trusted keys." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "Output the key &synopsis-param-keyid; to standard output." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "Output all trusted keys to standard output." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "List trusted keys with fingerprints." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "Pass advanced options to gpg. With <command>adv --recv-key</command> you can " "e.g. download key from keyservers directly into the trusted set of " "keys. Note that there are <emphasis>no</emphasis> checks performed, so it is " "easy to completely undermine the &apt-secure; infrastructure if used without " "care." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "(deprecated)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "Update the local keyring with the archive keyring and remove from the local " "keyring the archive keys which are no longer valid. The archive keyring is " "shipped in the <literal>archive-keyring</literal> package of your " "distribution, e.g. the &keyring-package; package in &keyring-distro;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "Note that a distribution does not need to and in fact should not use this " "command any longer and instead ship keyring files in the " "<filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/</filename> directory directly as this " "avoids a dependency on <package>gnupg</package> and it is easier to manage " "keys by simply adding and removing files for maintainers and users alike." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "Perform an update working similarly to the <command>update</command> command " "above, but get the archive keyring from a URI instead and validate it " "against a master key. This requires an installed &wget; and an APT build " "configured to have a server to fetch from and a master keyring to validate. " "APT in Debian does not support this command, relying on " "<command>update</command> instead, but Ubuntu's APT does." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-key.8.xml apt-mark.8.xml apt-cdrom.8.xml apt-transport-http.1.xml #: apt-transport-https.1.xml apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "Options" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "Note that options need to be defined before the commands described in the " "previous section." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "" "With this option it is possible to specify a particular keyring file the " "command should operate on. The default is that a command is executed on the " "<filename>trusted.gpg</filename> file as well as on all parts in the " "<filename>trusted.gpg.d</filename> directory, though " "<filename>trusted.gpg</filename> is the primary keyring which means that " "e.g. new keys are added to this one." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-key.8.xml msgid "&apt-get;, &apt-secure;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "show, set and unset various settings for a package" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-mark</command> can be used as a unified front-end to set " "various settings for a package, such as marking a package as being " "automatically/manually installed or changing <command>dpkg</command> " "selections such as hold, install, deinstall and purge which are respected " "e.g. by <command>apt-get dselect-upgrade</command> or " "<command>aptitude</command>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "Automatically and Manually Installed Packages" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "" "When you request that a package is installed, and as a result other packages " "are installed to satisfy its dependencies, the dependencies are marked as " "being automatically installed, while the package you installed explicitly is " "marked as manually installed. Once an automatically installed package is no " "longer depended on by any manually installed package it is considered no " "longer needed and e.g. <command>apt-get</command> or " "<command>aptitude</command> will at least suggest removing them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>auto</literal> is used to mark a package as being automatically " "installed, which will cause the package to be removed when no more manually " "installed packages depend on this package." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>manual</literal> is used to mark a package as being manually " "installed, which will prevent the package from being automatically removed " "if no other packages depend on it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>showauto</literal> is used to print a list of automatically " "installed packages with each package on a new line. All automatically " "installed packages will be listed if no package is given. If packages are " "given only those which are automatically installed will be shown." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>showmanual</literal> can be used in the same way as " "<literal>showauto</literal> except that it will print a list of manually " "installed packages instead." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "" "Read/Write package stats from the filename given with the parameter " "&synopsis-param-filename; instead of from the default location, which is " "<filename>extended_status</filename> in the directory defined by the " "Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "Prevent Changes for a Package" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>hold</literal> is used to mark a package as held back, which will " "prevent the package from being automatically installed, upgraded or removed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>unhold</literal> is used to cancel a previously set hold on a " "package to allow all actions again." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>showhold</literal> is used to print a list of packages on hold in " "the same way as for the other show commands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "Schedule Packages for Install, Remove and Purge" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "" "Some front-ends like <command>apt-get dselect-upgrade</command> can be used " "to apply previously scheduled changes to the install state of packages. Such " "changes can be scheduled with the <option>install</option>, " "<option>remove</option> (also known as <option>deinstall</option>) and " "<option>purge</option> commands. Packages with a specific selection can be " "displayed with <option>showinstall</option>, <option>showremove</option> and " "<option>showpurge</option> respectively. More information about these so " "called dpkg selections can be found in &dpkg;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-mark</command> returns zero on normal operation, non-zero on " "error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "Archive authentication support for APT" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "Starting with version 0.6, <command>APT</command> contains code that does " "signature checking of the Release file for all repositories. This ensures " "that data like packages in the archive can't be modified by people who have " "no access to the Release file signing key. Starting with version 1.1 " "<command>APT</command> requires repositories to provide recent " "authentication information for unimpeded usage of the repository. Since " "version 1.5 changes in the information contained in the Release file about " "the repository need to be confirmed before APT continues to apply updates " "from this repository." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "Note: All APT-based package management front-ends like &apt-get;, &aptitude; " "and &synaptic; support this authentication feature, so this manpage uses " "<literal>APT</literal> to refer to them all for simplicity only." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "Unsigned Repositories" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "If an archive has an unsigned Release file or no Release file at all current " "APT versions will refuse to download data from them by default in " "<command>update</command> operations and even if forced to download " "front-ends like &apt-get; will require explicit confirmation if an " "installation request includes a package from such an unauthenticated " "archive." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "You can force all APT clients to raise only warnings by setting the " "configuration option <option>Acquire::AllowInsecureRepositories</option> to " "<literal>true</literal>. Individual repositories can also be allowed to be " "insecure via the &sources-list; option " "<literal>allow-insecure=yes</literal>. Note that insecure repositories are " "strongly discouraged and all options to force apt to continue supporting " "them will eventually be removed. Users also have the " "<option>Trusted</option> option available to disable even the warnings, but " "be sure to understand the implications as detailed in &sources-list;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "A repository which previously was authenticated but would loose this state " "in an <command>update</command> operation raises an error in all APT clients " "irrespective of the option to allow or forbid usage of insecure " "repositories. The error can be overcome by additionally setting " "<option>Acquire::AllowDowngradeToInsecureRepositories</option> to " "<literal>true</literal> or for Individual repositories with the " "&sources-list; option <literal>allow-downgrade-to-insecure=yes</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "Signed Repositories" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "The chain of trust from an APT archive to the end user is made up of several " "steps. <command>apt-secure</command> is the last step in this chain; " "trusting an archive does not mean that you trust its packages not to contain " "malicious code, but means that you trust the archive maintainer. It's the " "archive maintainer's responsibility to ensure that the archive's integrity " "is preserved." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "apt-secure does not review signatures at a package level. If you require " "tools to do this you should look at <command>debsig-verify</command> and " "<command>debsign</command> (provided in the debsig-verify and devscripts " "packages respectively)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "The chain of trust in Debian starts (e.g.) when a maintainer uploads a new " "package or a new version of a package to the Debian archive. In order to " "become effective, this upload needs to be signed by a key contained in one " "of the Debian package maintainer keyrings (available in the debian-keyring " "package). Maintainers' keys are signed by other maintainers following " "pre-established procedures to ensure the identity of the key holder. Similar " "procedures exist in all Debian-based distributions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "Once the uploaded package is verified and included in the archive, the " "maintainer signature is stripped off, and checksums of the package are " "computed and put in the Packages file. The checksums of all of the Packages " "files are then computed and put into the Release file. The Release file is " "then signed by the archive key for this &keyring-distro; release, and " "distributed alongside the packages and the Packages files on " "&keyring-distro; mirrors. The keys are in the &keyring-distro; archive " "keyring available in the &keyring-package; package." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "End users can check the signature of the Release file, extract a checksum of " "a package from it and compare it with the checksum of the package they " "downloaded by hand - or rely on APT doing this automatically." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "Notice that this is distinct from checking signatures on a per package " "basis. It is designed to prevent two possible attacks:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>Network \"man in the middle\" attacks</literal>. Without signature " "checking, malicious agents can introduce themselves into the package " "download process and provide malicious software either by controlling a " "network element (router, switch, etc.) or by redirecting traffic to a rogue " "server (through ARP or DNS spoofing attacks)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>Mirror network compromise</literal>. Without signature checking, a " "malicious agent can compromise a mirror host and modify the files in it to " "propagate malicious software to all users downloading packages from that " "host." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "However, it does not defend against a compromise of the master server itself " "(which signs the packages) or against a compromise of the key used to sign " "the Release files. In any case, this mechanism can complement a per-package " "signature." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "Information changes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "A Release file contains beside the checksums for the files in the repository " "also general information about the repository like the origin, codename or " "version number of the release." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "This information is shown in various places so a repository owner should " "always ensure correctness. Further more user configuration like " "&apt-preferences; can depend and make use of this information. Since version " "1.5 the user must therefore explicitly confirm changes to signal that the " "user is sufficiently prepared e.g. for the new major release of the " "distribution shipped in the repository (as e.g. indicated by the codename)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "User Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-key</command> is the program that manages the list of keys used " "by APT to trust repositories. It can be used to add or remove keys as well " "as list the trusted keys. Limiting which key(s) are able to sign which " "archive is possible via the <option>Signed-By</option> in &sources-list;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "Note that a default installation already contains all keys to securely " "acquire packages from the default repositories, so fiddling with " "<command>apt-key</command> is only needed if third-party repositories are " "added." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "In order to add a new key you need to first download it (you should make " "sure you are using a trusted communication channel when retrieving it), add " "it with <command>apt-key</command> and then run <command>apt-get " "update</command> so that apt can download and verify the " "<filename>InRelease</filename> or <filename>Release.gpg</filename> files " "from the archives you have configured." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "Repository Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "If you want to provide archive signatures in an archive under your " "maintenance you have to:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "<emphasis>Create a toplevel Release file</emphasis>, if it does not exist " "already. You can do this by running <command>apt-ftparchive " "release</command> (provided in apt-utils)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "<emphasis>Sign it</emphasis>. You can do this by running <command>gpg " "--clearsign -o InRelease Release</command> and <command>gpg -abs -o " "Release.gpg Release</command>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "<emphasis>Publish the key fingerprint</emphasis>, so that your users will " "know what key they need to import in order to authenticate the files in the " "archive. It is best to ship your key in its own keyring package like " "&keyring-distro; does with &keyring-package; to be able to distribute " "updates and key transitions automatically later." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "<emphasis>Provide instructions on how to add your archive and " "key</emphasis>. If your users can't acquire your key securely the chain of " "trust described above is broken. How you can help users add your key " "depends on your archive and target audience ranging from having your keyring " "package included in another archive users already have configured (like the " "default repositories of their distribution) to leveraging the web of trust." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "Whenever the contents of the archive change (new packages are added or " "removed) the archive maintainer has to follow the first two steps outlined " "above." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;, &apt-key;, &apt-ftparchive;, " "&debsign;, &debsig-verify;, &gpg;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "For more background information you might want to review the <ulink " "url=\"https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/securing-debian-howto/ch7\">Debian " "Security Infrastructure</ulink> chapter of the Securing Debian Manual (also " "available in the harden-doc package) and the <ulink " "url=\"http://www.cryptnet.net/fdp/crypto/strong_distro.html\" >Strong " "Distribution HOWTO</ulink> by V. Alex Brennen." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "Manpage Authors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml msgid "" "This man-page is based on the work of Javier Fernández-Sanguino Peña, Isaac " "Jones, Colin Walters, Florian Weimer and Michael Vogt." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "APT CD-ROM management utility" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-cdrom</command> is used to add a new CD-ROM to APT's list of " "available sources. <command>apt-cdrom</command> takes care of determining " "the structure of the disc as well as correcting for several possible " "mis-burns and verifying the index files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "It is necessary to use <command>apt-cdrom</command> to add CDs to the APT " "system; it cannot be done by hand. Furthermore each disc in a multi-CD set " "must be inserted and scanned separately to account for possible mis-burns." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "<literal>add</literal> is used to add a new disc to the source list. It will " "unmount the CD-ROM device, prompt for a disc to be inserted and then proceed " "to scan it and copy the index files. If the disc does not have a proper " "<filename>.disk</filename> directory you will be prompted for a descriptive " "title." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "APT uses a CD-ROM ID to track which disc is currently in the drive and " "maintains a database of these IDs in " "<filename>&statedir;/cdroms.list</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "A debugging tool to report the identity of the current disc as well as the " "stored file name" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "Do not try to auto-detect the CD-ROM path. Usually combined with the " "<option>--cdrom</option> option. Configuration Item: " "<literal>Acquire::cdrom::AutoDetect</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "Mount point; specify the location to mount the CD-ROM. This mount point must " "be listed in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> and properly configured. " "Configuration Item: <literal>Acquire::cdrom::mount</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "Rename a disc; change the label of a disc or override the disc's given " "label. This option will cause <command>apt-cdrom</command> to prompt for a " "new label. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Rename</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "No mounting; prevent <command>apt-cdrom</command> from mounting and " "unmounting the mount point. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::CDROM::NoMount</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "Fast Copy; Assume the package files are valid and do not check every " "package. This option should be used only if <command>apt-cdrom</command> has " "been run on this disc before and did not detect any errors. Configuration " "Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Fast</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "Thorough Package Scan; This option may be needed with some old Debian " "1.1/1.2 discs that have Package files in strange places. It takes much " "longer to scan the CD but will pick them all up." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "No Changes; Do not change the &sources-list; file and do not write index " "files. Everything is still checked however. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::CDROM::NoAct</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-cdrom</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 " "on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-config.8.xml msgid "APT Configuration Query program" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-config.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-config</command> is an internal program used by various " "portions of the APT suite to provide consistent configurability. It accesses " "the main configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> in a " "manner that is easy to use for scripted applications." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-config.8.xml msgid "" "shell is used to access the configuration information from a shell " "script. It is given pairs of arguments, the first being a shell variable and " "the second the configuration value to query. As output it lists shell " "assignment commands for each value present. In a shell script it should be " "used as follows:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting> #: apt-config.8.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "OPTS=\"-f\"\n" "RES=`apt-config shell OPTS MyApp::options`\n" "eval $RES\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-config.8.xml msgid "" "This will set the shell environment variable $OPTS to the value of " "MyApp::options with a default of <option>-f</option>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-config.8.xml msgid "" "The configuration item may be postfixed with a /[fdbi]. f returns file " "names, d returns directories, b returns true or false and i returns an " "integer. Each of the returns is normalized and verified internally." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-config.8.xml msgid "Just show the contents of the configuration space." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-config.8.xml msgid "" "Include options which have an empty value. This is the default, so use " "--no-empty to remove them from the output." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><replaceable> #: apt-config.8.xml msgid "%f "%v";%n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-config.8.xml msgid "" "Defines the output of each config option. %t will be replaced with " "its individual name, %f with its full hierarchical name and %v " "with its value. Use uppercase letters and special characters in the value " "will be encoded to ensure that it can e.g. be safely used in a quoted-string " "as defined by RFC822. Additionally %n will be replaced by a newline, " "and %N by a tab. A % can be printed by using %%." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-config.8.xml apt-extracttemplates.1.xml apt-sortpkgs.1.xml #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "&apt-conf;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-config.8.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-config</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 " "on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo><author><contrib> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Initial documentation of Debug::*." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo><author><email> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "dburrows@debian.org" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum> #: apt.conf.5.xml apt_preferences.5.xml sources.list.5.xml apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "5" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Configuration file for APT" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "<filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> is the main configuration file shared " "by all the tools in the APT suite of tools, though it is by no means the " "only place options can be set. The suite also shares a common command line " "parser to provide a uniform environment." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "When an APT tool starts up it will read the configuration files in the " "following order:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "the file specified by the <envar>APT_CONFIG</envar> environment variable (if " "any)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "all files in <literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal> in alphanumeric ascending " "order which have either no or \"<literal>conf</literal>\" as filename " "extension and which only contain alphanumeric, hyphen (-), underscore (_) " "and period (.) characters. Otherwise APT will print a notice that it has " "ignored a file, unless that file matches a pattern in the " "<literal>Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> configuration list - in which " "case it will be silently ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "the main configuration file specified by <literal>Dir::Etc::main</literal>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "all options set in the binary specific configuration subtree are moved into " "the root of the tree." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "the command line options are applied to override the configuration " "directives or to load even more configuration files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Syntax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The configuration file is organized in a tree with options organized into " "functional groups. Option specification is given with a double colon " "notation; for instance <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> is an option " "within the APT tool group, for the Get tool. Options do not inherit from " "their parent groups." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Syntactically the configuration language is modeled after what the ISC tools " "such as bind and dhcp use. Lines starting with <literal>//</literal> are " "treated as comments (ignored), as well as all text between " "<literal>/*</literal> and <literal>*/</literal>, just like C/C++ comments. " "Each line is of the form <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes \"true\";</literal>. " "The quotation marks and trailing semicolon are required. The value must be " "on one line, and there is no kind of string concatenation. Values must not " "include backslashes or extra quotation marks. Option names are made up of " "alphanumeric characters and the characters \"/-:._+\". A new scope can be " "opened with curly braces, like this:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting> #: apt.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "APT {\n" " Get {\n" " Assume-Yes \"true\";\n" " Fix-Broken \"true\";\n" " };\n" "};\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "with newlines placed to make it more readable. Lists can be created by " "opening a scope and including a single string enclosed in quotes followed by " "a semicolon. Multiple entries can be included, separated by a semicolon." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting> #: apt.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {\"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt\";};\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "In general the sample configuration file &configureindex; is a good guide " "for how it should look." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Case is not significant in names of configuration items, so in the previous " "example you could use <literal>dpkg::pre-install-pkgs</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Names for the configuration items are optional if a list is defined as can " "be seen in the <literal>DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal> example above. If " "you don't specify a name a new entry will simply add a new option to the " "list. If you specify a name you can override the option in the same way as " "any other option by reassigning a new value to the option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Two special commands are defined: <literal>#include</literal> (which is " "deprecated and not supported by alternative implementations) and " "<literal>#clear</literal>. <literal>#include</literal> will include the " "given file, unless the filename ends in a slash, in which case the whole " "directory is included. <literal>#clear</literal> is used to erase a part of " "the configuration tree. The specified element and all its descendants are " "erased. (Note that these lines also need to end with a semicolon.)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The <literal>#clear</literal> command is the only way to delete a list or a " "complete scope. Reopening a scope (or using the syntax described below with " "an appended <literal>::</literal>) will <emphasis>not</emphasis> override " "previously written entries. Options can only be overridden by addressing a " "new value to them - lists and scopes can't be overridden, only cleared." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "All of the APT tools take an -o option which allows an arbitrary " "configuration directive to be specified on the command line. The syntax is a " "full option name (<literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> for instance) " "followed by an equals sign then the new value of the option. To append a new " "element to a list, add a trailing <literal>::</literal> to the name of the " "list. (As you might suspect, the scope syntax can't be used on the command " "line.)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Note that appending items to a list using <literal>::</literal> only works " "for one item per line, and that you should not use it in combination with " "the scope syntax (which adds <literal>::</literal> implicitly). Using both " "syntaxes together will trigger a bug which some users unfortunately depend " "on: an option with the unusual name \"<literal>::</literal>\" which acts " "like every other option with a name. This introduces many problems; for one " "thing, users who write multiple lines in this <emphasis>wrong</emphasis> " "syntax in the hope of appending to a list will achieve the opposite, as only " "the last assignment for this option \"<literal>::</literal>\" will be " "used. Future versions of APT will raise errors and stop working if they " "encounter this misuse, so please correct such statements now while APT " "doesn't explicitly complain about them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "The APT Group" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "This group of options controls general APT behavior as well as holding the " "options for all of the tools." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "System Architecture; sets the architecture to use when fetching files and " "parsing package lists. The internal default is the architecture apt was " "compiled for." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "All Architectures the system supports. For instance, CPUs implementing the " "<literal>amd64</literal> (also called <literal>x86-64</literal>) " "instruction set are also able to execute binaries compiled for the " "<literal>i386</literal> (<literal>x86</literal>) instruction set. This list " "is used when fetching files and parsing package lists. The initial default " "is always the system's native architecture " "(<literal>APT::Architecture</literal>), and foreign architectures are added " "to the default list when they are registered via <command>dpkg " "--add-architecture</command>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "This scope defines which compression formats are supported, how compression " "and decompression can be performed if support for this format isn't built " "into apt directly and a cost-value indicating how costly it is to compress " "something in this format. As an example the following configuration stanza " "would allow apt to download and uncompress as well as create and store files " "with the low-cost <literal>.reversed</literal> file extension which it will " "pass to the command <command>rev</command> without additional commandline " "parameters for compression and uncompression:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><informalexample><programlisting> #: apt.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "APT::Compressor::rev {\n" "\tName \"rev\";\n" "\tExtension \".reversed\";\n" "\tBinary \"rev\";\n" "\tCompressArg {};\n" "\tUncompressArg {};\n" "\tCost \"10\";\n" "};\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "List of all build profiles enabled for build-dependency resolution, without " "the \"<literal>profile.</literal>\" namespace prefix. By default this list " "is empty. The <envar>DEB_BUILD_PROFILES</envar> as used by " "&dpkg-buildpackage; overrides the list notation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Default release to install packages from if more than one version is " "available. Contains release name, codename or release version. Examples: " "'stable', 'testing', 'unstable', '&debian-stable-codename;', " "'&debian-testing-codename;', '4.0', '5.0*'. See also &apt-preferences;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Ignore held packages; this global option causes the problem resolver to " "ignore held packages in its decision making." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Defaults to on. When turned on the autoclean feature will remove any " "packages which can no longer be downloaded from the cache. If turned off " "then packages that are locally installed are also excluded from cleaning - " "but note that APT provides no direct means to reinstall them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Defaults to on, which will cause APT to install essential and important " "packages as soon as possible in an install/upgrade operation, in order to " "limit the effect of a failing &dpkg; call. If this option is disabled, APT " "treats an important package in the same way as an extra package: between the " "unpacking of the package A and its configuration there can be many other " "unpack or configuration calls for other unrelated packages B, C etc. If " "these cause the &dpkg; call to fail (e.g. because package B's maintainer " "scripts generate an error), this results in a system state in which package " "A is unpacked but unconfigured - so any package depending on A is now no " "longer guaranteed to work, as its dependency on A is no longer satisfied." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The immediate configuration marker is also applied in the potentially " "problematic case of circular dependencies, since a dependency with the " "immediate flag is equivalent to a Pre-Dependency. In theory this allows APT " "to recognise a situation in which it is unable to perform immediate " "configuration, abort, and suggest to the user that the option should be " "temporarily deactivated in order to allow the operation to proceed. Note " "the use of the word \"theory\" here; in the real world this problem has " "rarely been encountered, in non-stable distribution versions, and was caused " "by wrong dependencies of the package in question or by a system in an " "already broken state; so you should not blindly disable this option, as the " "scenario mentioned above is not the only problem it can help to prevent in " "the first place." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Before a big operation like <literal>dist-upgrade</literal> is run with this " "option disabled you should try to explicitly <literal>install</literal> the " "package APT is unable to configure immediately; but please make sure you " "also report your problem to your distribution and to the APT team with the " "buglink below, so they can work on improving or correcting the upgrade " "process." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Never enable this option unless you <emphasis>really</emphasis> know what " "you are doing. It permits APT to temporarily remove an essential package to " "break a Conflicts/Conflicts or Conflicts/Pre-Depends loop between two " "essential packages. <emphasis>Such a loop should never exist and is a grave " "bug</emphasis>. This option will work if the essential packages are not " "<command>tar</command>, <command>gzip</command>, <command>libc</command>, " "<command>dpkg</command>, <command>dash</command> or anything that those " "packages depend on." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "APT uses since version 0.7.26 a resizable memory mapped cache file to store " "the available information. <literal>Cache-Start</literal> acts as a hint of " "the size the cache will grow to, and is therefore the amount of memory APT " "will request at startup. The default value is 20971520 bytes (~20 MB). Note " "that this amount of space needs to be available for APT; otherwise it will " "likely fail ungracefully, so for memory restricted devices this value should " "be lowered while on systems with a lot of configured sources it should be " "increased. <literal>Cache-Grow</literal> defines in bytes with the default " "of 1048576 (~1 MB) how much the cache size will be increased in the event " "the space defined by <literal>Cache-Start</literal> is not enough. This " "value will be applied again and again until either the cache is big enough " "to store all information or the size of the cache reaches the " "<literal>Cache-Limit</literal>. The default of " "<literal>Cache-Limit</literal> is 0 which stands for no limit. If " "<literal>Cache-Grow</literal> is set to 0 the automatic growth of the cache " "is disabled." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Defines which packages are considered essential build dependencies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The Get subsection controls the &apt-get; tool; please see its documentation " "for more information about the options here." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The Cache subsection controls the &apt-cache; tool; please see its " "documentation for more information about the options here." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The CDROM subsection controls the &apt-cdrom; tool; please see its " "documentation for more information about the options here." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "The Acquire Group" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The <literal>Acquire</literal> group of options controls the download of " "packages as well as the various \"acquire methods\" responsible for the " "download itself (see also &sources-list;)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Security related option defaulting to true, enabling time-related " "checks. Disabling it means that the machine's time cannot be trusted, and " "APT will hence disable all time-related checks, such as " "<option>Check-Valid-Until</option> and verifying that the Date field of a " "release file is not in the future." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Maximum time (in seconds) before its creation (as indicated by the " "<literal>Date</literal> header) that the <filename>Release</filename> file " "should be considered valid. The default value is <literal>10</literal>. " "Archive specific settings can be made by appending the label of the archive " "to the option name. Preferably, the same can be achieved for specific " "&sources-list; entries by using the <option>Date-Max-Future</option> option " "there." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Security related option defaulting to true, as giving a Release file's " "validation an expiration date prevents replay attacks over a long timescale, " "and can also for example help users to identify mirrors that are no longer " "updated - but the feature depends on the correctness of the clock on the " "user system. Archive maintainers are encouraged to create Release files with " "the <literal>Valid-Until</literal> header, but if they don't or a stricter " "value is desired the <literal>Max-ValidTime</literal> option below can be " "used. The <option>Check-Valid-Until</option> option of &sources-list; " "entries should be preferred to disable the check selectively instead of " "using this global override." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Maximum time (in seconds) after its creation (as indicated by the " "<literal>Date</literal> header) that the <filename>Release</filename> file " "should be considered valid. If the Release file itself includes a " "<literal>Valid-Until</literal> header the earlier date of the two is used as " "the expiration date. The default value is <literal>0</literal> which stands " "for \"valid forever\". Archive specific settings can be made by appending " "the label of the archive to the option name. Preferably, the same can be " "achieved for specific &sources-list; entries by using the " "<option>Valid-Until-Max</option> option there." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Minimum time (in seconds) after its creation (as indicated by the " "<literal>Date</literal> header) that the <filename>Release</filename> file " "should be considered valid. Use this if you need to use a seldom updated " "(local) mirror of a more frequently updated archive with a " "<literal>Valid-Until</literal> header instead of completely disabling the " "expiration date checking. Archive specific settings can and should be used " "by appending the label of the archive to the option name. Preferably, the " "same can be achieved for specific &sources-list; entries by using the " "<option>Valid-Until-Min</option> option there." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Allow use of the internal TLS support in the http method. If set to false, " "this completely disables support for TLS in apt's own methods (excluding the " "curl-based https method). No TLS-related functions will be called anymore." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Try to download deltas called <literal>PDiffs</literal> for indexes (like " "<filename>Packages</filename> files) instead of downloading whole ones. True " "by default. Preferably, this can be set for specific &sources-list; entries " "or index files by using the <option>PDiffs</option> option there." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Two sub-options to limit the use of PDiffs are also available: " "<literal>FileLimit</literal> can be used to specify a maximum number of " "PDiff files should be downloaded to update a " "file. <literal>SizeLimit</literal> on the other hand is the maximum " "percentage of the size of all patches compared to the size of the targeted " "file. If one of these limits is exceeded the complete file is downloaded " "instead of the patches." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Try to download indexes via an URI constructed from a hashsum of the " "expected file rather than downloaded via a well-known stable filename. True " "by default, but automatically disabled if the source indicates no support " "for it. Usage can be forced with the special value \"force\". Preferably, " "this can be set for specific &sources-list; entries or index files by using " "the <option>By-Hash</option> option there." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Queuing mode; <literal>Queue-Mode</literal> can be one of " "<literal>host</literal> or <literal>access</literal> which determines how " "APT parallelizes outgoing connections. <literal>host</literal> means that " "one connection per target host will be opened, <literal>access</literal> " "means that one connection per URI type will be opened." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Number of retries to perform. If this is non-zero APT will retry failed " "files the given number of times." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Use symlinks for source archives. If set to true then source archives will " "be symlinked when possible instead of copying. True is the default." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The options in these scopes configure APTs acquire transports for the " "protocols HTTP and HTTPS and are documented in the &apt-transport-http; and " "&apt-transport-https; manpages respectively." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "<literal>ftp::Proxy</literal> sets the default proxy to use for FTP URIs. " "It is in the standard form of " "<literal>ftp://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal>. Per host proxies can " "also be specified by using the form " "<literal>ftp::Proxy::<host></literal> with the special keyword " "<literal>DIRECT</literal> meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above " "settings is specified, <envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable will be " "used. To use an FTP proxy you will have to set the " "<literal>ftp::ProxyLogin</literal> script in the configuration file. This " "entry specifies the commands to send to tell the proxy server what to " "connect to. Please see &configureindex; for an example of how to do " "this. The substitution variables representing the corresponding URI " "component are <literal>$(PROXY_USER)</literal>, " "<literal>$(PROXY_PASS)</literal>, <literal>$(SITE_USER)</literal>, " "<literal>$(SITE_PASS)</literal>, <literal>$(SITE)</literal> and " "<literal>$(SITE_PORT)</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The option <literal>timeout</literal> sets the timeout timer used by the " "method; this value applies to the connection as well as the data timeout." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Several settings are provided to control passive mode. Generally it is safe " "to leave passive mode on; it works in nearly every environment. However, " "some situations require that passive mode be disabled and port mode FTP used " "instead. This can be done globally or for connections that go through a " "proxy or for a specific host (see the sample config file for examples)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "It is possible to proxy FTP over HTTP by setting the " "<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable to an HTTP URL - see the " "discussion of the http method above for syntax. You cannot set this in the " "configuration file and it is not recommended to use FTP over HTTP due to its " "low efficiency." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The setting <literal>ForceExtended</literal> controls the use of RFC2428 " "<literal>EPSV</literal> and <literal>EPRT</literal> commands. The default is " "false, which means these commands are only used if the control connection is " "IPv6. Setting this to true forces their use even on IPv4 connections. Note " "that most FTP servers do not support RFC2428." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout> #: apt.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "/cdrom/::Mount \"foo\";" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "For URIs using the <literal>cdrom</literal> method, the only configurable " "option is the mount point, <literal>cdrom::Mount</literal>, which must be " "the mount point for the CD-ROM (or DVD, or whatever) drive as specified in " "<filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. It is possible to provide alternate mount " "and unmount commands if your mount point cannot be listed in the fstab. The " "syntax is to put <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> within the " "<literal>cdrom</literal> block. It is important to have the trailing slash. " "Unmount commands can be specified using UMount." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "For GPGV URIs the only configurable option is " "<literal>gpgv::Options</literal>, which passes additional parameters to " "gpgv." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis> #: apt.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Acquire::CompressionTypes::<replaceable>FileExtension</replaceable> " "\"<replaceable>Methodname</replaceable>\";" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "List of compression types which are understood by the acquire methods. " "Files like <filename>Packages</filename> can be available in various " "compression formats. By default the acquire methods can decompress and " "recompress many common formats like <command>xz</command> and " "<command>gzip</command>; with this scope the supported formats can be " "queried, modified as well as support for more formats added (see also " "<option>APT::Compressor</option>). The syntax for this is: <placeholder " "type=\"synopsis\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis> #: apt.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order:: \"gz\";" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis> #: apt.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order { \"xz\"; \"gz\"; };" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Also, the <literal>Order</literal> subgroup can be used to define in which " "order the acquire system will try to download the compressed files. The " "acquire system will try the first and proceed with the next compression type " "in this list on error, so to prefer one over the other type simply add the " "preferred type first - types not already added will be implicitly appended " "to the end of the list, so e.g. <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"0\"/> " "can be used to prefer <command>gzip</command> compressed files over all " "other compression formats. If <command>xz</command> should be preferred " "over <command>gzip</command> and <command>bzip2</command> the configure " "setting should look like this: <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"1\"/> It " "is not needed to add <literal>bz2</literal> to the list explicitly as it " "will be added automatically." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout> #: apt.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "Dir::Bin::bzip2 \"/bin/bzip2\";" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Note that the " "<literal>Dir::Bin::<replaceable>Methodname</replaceable></literal> will be " "checked at run time. If this option has been set and support for this format " "isn't directly built into apt, the method will only be used if this file " "exists; e.g. for the <literal>bzip2</literal> method (the inbuilt) setting " "is: <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> Note also that list " "entries specified on the command line will be added at the end of the list " "specified in the configuration files, but before the default entries. To " "prefer a type in this case over the ones specified in the configuration " "files you can set the option direct - not in list style. This will not " "override the defined list; it will only prefix the list with this type." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The special type <literal>uncompressed</literal> can be used to give " "uncompressed files a preference, but note that most archives don't provide " "uncompressed files so this is mostly only useable for local mirrors." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "When downloading <literal>gzip</literal> compressed indexes (Packages, " "Sources, or Translations), keep them gzip compressed locally instead of " "unpacking them. This saves quite a lot of disk space at the expense of more " "CPU requirements when building the local package caches. False by default." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The Languages subsection controls which <filename>Translation</filename> " "files are downloaded and in which order APT tries to display the " "description-translations. APT will try to display the first available " "description in the language which is listed first. Languages can be defined " "with their short or long language codes. Note that not all archives provide " "<filename>Translation</filename> files for every language - the long " "language codes are especially rare." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><programlisting> #: apt.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "Acquire::Languages { \"environment\"; \"de\"; \"en\"; \"none\"; \"fr\"; };" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The default list includes \"environment\" and " "\"en\". \"<literal>environment</literal>\" has a special meaning here: it " "will be replaced at runtime with the language codes extracted from the " "<literal>LC_MESSAGES</literal> environment variable. It will also ensure " "that these codes are not included twice in the list. If " "<literal>LC_MESSAGES</literal> is set to \"C\" only the " "<filename>Translation-en</filename> file (if available) will be used. To " "force APT to use no Translation file use the setting " "<literal>Acquire::Languages=none</literal>. \"<literal>none</literal>\" is " "another special meaning code which will stop the search for a suitable " "<filename>Translation</filename> file. This tells APT to download these " "translations too, without actually using them unless the environment " "specifies the languages. So the following example configuration will result " "in the order \"en, de\" in an English locale or \"de, en\" in a German " "one. Note that \"fr\" is downloaded, but not used unless APT is used in a " "French locale (where the order would be \"fr, de, en\"). <placeholder " "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Note: To prevent problems resulting from APT being executed in different " "environments (e.g. by different users or by other programs) all Translation " "files which are found in <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists/</filename> will be " "added to the end of the list (after an implicit " "\"<literal>none</literal>\")." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "When downloading, force to use only the IPv4 protocol." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "When downloading, force to use only the IPv6 protocol." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The maximum file size of Release/Release.gpg/InRelease files. The default " "is 10MB." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "This option controls if apt will use the DNS SRV server record as specified " "in RFC 2782 to select an alternative server to connect to. The default is " "\"true\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Allow update operations to load data files from repositories without " "sufficient security information. The default value is " "\"<literal>false</literal>\". Concept, implications as well as alternatives " "are detailed in &apt-secure;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Allow update operations to load data files from repositories which provide " "security information, but these are deemed no longer cryptographically " "strong enough. The default value is \"<literal>false</literal>\". Concept, " "implications as well as alternatives are detailed in &apt-secure;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Allow that a repository that was previously gpg signed to become unsigned " "during an update operation. When there is no valid signature for a " "previously trusted repository apt will refuse the update. This option can be " "used to override this protection. You almost certainly never want to enable " "this. The default is <literal>false</literal>. Concept, implications as " "well as alternatives are detailed in &apt-secure;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "scope" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Acquiring changelogs can only be done if an URI is known from where to get " "them. Preferable the Release file indicates this in a 'Changelogs' " "field. If this isn't available the Label/Origin field of the Release file is " "used to check if a " "<literal>Acquire::Changelogs::URI::Label::<replaceable>LABEL</replaceable></literal> " "or " "<literal>Acquire::Changelogs::URI::Origin::<replaceable>ORIGIN</replaceable></literal> " "option exists and if so this value is taken. The value in the Release file " "can be overridden with " "<literal>Acquire::Changelogs::URI::Override::Label::<replaceable>LABEL</replaceable></literal> " "or " "<literal>Acquire::Changelogs::URI::Override::Origin::<replaceable>ORIGIN</replaceable></literal>. " "The value should be a normal URI to a text file, except that package " "specific data is replaced with the placeholder " "<literal>@CHANGEPATH@</literal>. The value for it is: 1. if the package is " "from a component (e.g. <literal>main</literal>) this is the first part " "otherwise it is omitted, 2. the first letter of source package name, except " "if the source package name starts with '<literal>lib</literal>' in which " "case it will be the first four letters. 3. The complete source package " "name. 4. the complete name again and 5. the source version. The first (if " "present), second, third and fourth part are separated by a slash " "('<literal>/</literal>') and between the fourth and fifth part is an " "underscore ('<literal>_</literal>'). The special value " "'<literal>no</literal>' is available for this option indicating that this " "source can't be used to acquire changelog files from. Another source will be " "tried if available in this case." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Binary specific configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Especially with the introduction of the <command>apt</command> binary it can " "be useful to set certain options only for a specific binary as even options " "which look like they would effect only a certain binary like " "<option>APT::Get::Show-Versions</option> effect <command>apt-get</command> " "as well as <command>apt</command>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Setting an option for a specific binary only can be achieved by setting the " "option inside the " "<option>Binary::<replaceable>specific-binary</replaceable></option> " "scope. Setting the option <option>APT::Get::Show-Versions</option> for the " "<command>apt</command> only can e.g. by done by setting " "<option>Binary::apt::APT::Get::Show-Versions</option> instead." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Note that as seen in the DESCRIPTION section further above you can't set " "binary-specific options on the commandline itself nor in configuration files " "loaded via the commandline." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Directories" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The <literal>Dir::State</literal> section has directories that pertain to " "local state information. <literal>lists</literal> is the directory to place " "downloaded package lists in and <literal>status</literal> is the name of the " "&dpkg; status file. <literal>preferences</literal> is the name of the APT " "<filename>preferences</filename> file. <literal>Dir::State</literal> " "contains the default directory to prefix on all sub-items if they do not " "start with <filename>/</filename> or <filename>./</filename>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "<literal>Dir::Cache</literal> contains locations pertaining to local cache " "information, such as the two package caches <literal>srcpkgcache</literal> " "and <literal>pkgcache</literal> as well as the location to place downloaded " "archives, <literal>Dir::Cache::archives</literal>. Generation of caches can " "be turned off by setting <literal>pkgcache</literal> or " "<literal>srcpkgcache</literal> to <literal>\"\"</literal>. This will slow " "down startup but save disk space. It is probably preferable to turn off the " "pkgcache rather than the srcpkgcache. Like <literal>Dir::State</literal> " "the default directory is contained in <literal>Dir::Cache</literal>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "<literal>Dir::Etc</literal> contains the location of configuration files, " "<literal>sourcelist</literal> gives the location of the sourcelist and " "<literal>main</literal> is the default configuration file (setting has no " "effect, unless it is done from the config file specified by " "<envar>APT_CONFIG</envar>)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The <literal>Dir::Parts</literal> setting reads in all the config fragments " "in lexical order from the directory specified. After this is done then the " "main config file is loaded." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Binary programs are pointed to by " "<literal>Dir::Bin</literal>. <literal>Dir::Bin::Methods</literal> specifies " "the location of the method handlers and <literal>gzip</literal>, " "<literal>bzip2</literal>, <literal>lzma</literal>, <literal>dpkg</literal>, " "<literal>apt-get</literal> <literal>dpkg-source</literal> " "<literal>dpkg-buildpackage</literal> and <literal>apt-cache</literal> " "specify the location of the respective programs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The configuration item <literal>RootDir</literal> has a special meaning. If " "set, all paths will be relative to <literal>RootDir</literal>, " "<emphasis>even paths that are specified absolutely</emphasis>. So, for " "instance, if <literal>RootDir</literal> is set to " "<filename>/tmp/staging</filename> and <literal>Dir::State::status</literal> " "is set to <filename>/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>, then the status file " "will be looked up in <filename>/tmp/staging/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>. " "If you want to prefix only relative paths, set <literal>Dir</literal> " "instead." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The <literal>Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> list can be used to specify " "which files APT should silently ignore while parsing the files in the " "fragment directories. Per default a file which end with " "<literal>.disabled</literal>, <literal>~</literal>, <literal>.bak</literal> " "or <literal>.dpkg-[a-z]+</literal> is silently ignored. As seen in the last " "default value these patterns can use regular expression syntax." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "APT in DSelect" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "When APT is used as a &dselect; method several configuration directives " "control the default behavior. These are in the <literal>DSelect</literal> " "section." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Cache Clean mode; this value may be one of <literal>always</literal>, " "<literal>prompt</literal>, <literal>auto</literal>, " "<literal>pre-auto</literal> and <literal>never</literal>. " "<literal>always</literal> and <literal>prompt</literal> will remove all " "packages from the cache after upgrading, <literal>prompt</literal> (the " "default) does so conditionally. <literal>auto</literal> removes only those " "packages which are no longer downloadable (replaced with a new version for " "instance). <literal>pre-auto</literal> performs this action before " "downloading new packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The contents of this variable are passed to &apt-get; as command line " "options when it is run for the install phase." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The contents of this variable are passed to &apt-get; as command line " "options when it is run for the update phase." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "If true the [U]pdate operation in &dselect; will always prompt to continue. " "The default is to prompt only on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "How APT calls &dpkg;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Several configuration directives control how APT invokes &dpkg;. These are " "in the <literal>DPkg</literal> section." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "This is a list of options to pass to &dpkg;. The options must be specified " "using the list notation and each list item is passed as a single argument to " "&dpkg;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "This is a list of shell commands to run before/after invoking &dpkg;. Like " "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The " "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>; should any " "fail APT will abort." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "This is a list of shell commands to run before invoking &dpkg;. Like " "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The " "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>; should any " "fail APT will abort. APT will pass the filenames of all .deb files it is " "going to install to the commands, one per line on the requested file " "descriptor, defaulting to standard input." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Version 2 of this protocol sends more information through the requested file " "descriptor: a line with the text <literal>VERSION 2</literal>, the APT " "configuration space, and a list of package actions with filename and version " "information." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Each configuration directive line has the form " "<literal>key=value</literal>. Special characters (equal signs, newlines, " "nonprintable characters, quotation marks, and percent signs in " "<literal>key</literal> and newlines, nonprintable characters, and percent " "signs in <literal>value</literal>) are %-encoded. Lists are represented by " "multiple <literal>key::=value</literal> lines with the same key. The " "configuration section ends with a blank line." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Package action lines consist of five fields in Version 2: package name " "(without architecture qualification even if foreign), old version, direction " "of version change (< for upgrades, > for downgrades, = for no change), " "new version, action. The version fields are \"-\" for no version at all (for " "example when installing a package for the first time; no version is treated " "as earlier than any real version, so that is an upgrade, indicated as " "<literal>- < 1.23.4</literal>). The action field is \"**CONFIGURE**\" if " "the package is being configured, \"**REMOVE**\" if it is being removed, or " "the filename of a .deb file if it is being unpacked." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "In Version 3 after each version field follows the architecture of this " "version, which is \"-\" if there is no version, and a field showing the " "MultiArch type \"same\", \"foreign\", \"allowed\" or \"none\". Note that " "\"none\" is an incorrect typename which is just kept to remain compatible, " "it should be read as \"no\" and users are encouraged to support both." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The version of the protocol to be used for the command " "<literal><replaceable>cmd</replaceable></literal> can be chosen by setting " "<literal>DPkg::Tools::options::<replaceable>cmd</replaceable>::Version</literal> " "accordingly, the default being version 1. If APT isn't supporting the " "requested version it will send the information in the highest version it has " "support for instead." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The file descriptor to be used to send the information can be requested with " "<literal>DPkg::Tools::options::<replaceable>cmd</replaceable>::InfoFD</literal> " "which defaults to <literal>0</literal> for standard input and is available " "since version 0.9.11. Support for the option can be detected by looking for " "the environment variable <envar>APT_HOOK_INFO_FD</envar> which contains the " "number of the used file descriptor as a confirmation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "APT chdirs to this directory before invoking &dpkg;, the default is " "<filename>/</filename>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "These options are passed to &dpkg-buildpackage; when compiling packages; the " "default is to disable signing and produce all binaries." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "If this option is set APT will call <command>dpkg --configure " "--pending</command> to let &dpkg; handle all required configurations and " "triggers. This option is activated by default, but deactivating it could be " "useful if you want to run APT multiple times in a row - e.g. in an " "installer. In this scenario you could deactivate this option in all but the " "last run." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Periodic and Archives options" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "<literal>APT::Periodic</literal> and <literal>APT::Archives</literal> groups " "of options configure behavior of apt periodic updates, which is done by the " "<literal>/usr/lib/apt/apt.systemd.daily</literal> script. See the top of " "this script for the brief documentation of these options." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Debug options" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Enabling options in the <literal>Debug::</literal> section will cause " "debugging information to be sent to the standard error stream of the program " "utilizing the <literal>apt</literal> libraries, or enable special program " "modes that are primarily useful for debugging the behavior of " "<literal>apt</literal>. Most of these options are not interesting to a " "normal user, but a few may be:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> enables output about the " "decisions made by <literal>dist-upgrade, upgrade, install, remove, " "purge</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal> disables all file locking. This can be " "used to run some operations (for instance, <literal>apt-get -s " "install</literal>) as a non-root user." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal> prints out the actual command line each " "time that <literal>apt</literal> invokes &dpkg;." msgstr "" #. TODO: provide a #. motivating example, except I haven't a clue why you'd want #. to do this. #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "<literal>Debug::IdentCdrom</literal> disables the inclusion of statfs data " "in CD-ROM IDs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "A full list of debugging options to apt follows." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Print information related to accessing <literal>cdrom://</literal> sources." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using FTP." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTP." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTPS." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Print information related to verifying cryptographic signatures using " "<literal>gpg</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Output information about the process of accessing collections of packages " "stored on CD-ROMs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Describes the process of resolving build-dependencies in &apt-get;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Output each cryptographic hash that is generated by the " "<literal>apt</literal> libraries." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Do not include information from <literal>statfs</literal>, namely the number " "of used and free blocks on the CD-ROM filesystem, when generating an ID for " "a CD-ROM." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Disable all file locking. For instance, this will allow two instances of " "<quote><literal>apt-get update</literal></quote> to run at the same time." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Log when items are added to or removed from the global download queue." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Output status messages and errors related to verifying checksums and " "cryptographic signatures of downloaded files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Output information about downloading and applying package index list diffs, " "and errors relating to package index list diffs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Output information related to patching apt package lists when downloading " "index diffs instead of full indices." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Log all interactions with the sub-processes that actually perform downloads." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Log events related to the automatically-installed status of packages and to " "the removal of unused packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Generate debug messages describing which packages are being automatically " "installed to resolve dependencies. This corresponds to the initial " "auto-install pass performed in, e.g., <literal>apt-get install</literal>, " "and not to the full <literal>apt</literal> dependency resolver; see " "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> for that." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Generate debug messages describing which packages are marked as " "keep/install/remove while the ProblemResolver does his work. Each addition " "or deletion may trigger additional actions; they are shown indented two " "additional spaces under the original entry. The format for each line is " "<literal>MarkKeep</literal>, <literal>MarkDelete</literal> or " "<literal>MarkInstall</literal> followed by <literal>package-name <a.b.c " "-> d.e.f | x.y.z> (section)</literal> where <literal>a.b.c</literal> " "is the current version of the package, <literal>d.e.f</literal> is the " "version considered for installation and <literal>x.y.z</literal> is a newer " "version, but not considered for installation (because of a low pin " "score). The later two can be omitted if there is none or if it is the same " "as the installed version. <literal>section</literal> is the name of the " "section the package appears in." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "When invoking &dpkg;, output the precise command line with which it is being " "invoked, with arguments separated by a single space character." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Output all the data received from &dpkg; on the status file descriptor and " "any errors encountered while parsing it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Generate a trace of the algorithm that decides the order in which " "<literal>apt</literal> should pass packages to &dpkg;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Output status messages tracing the steps performed when invoking &dpkg;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "Output the priority of each package list on startup." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Trace the execution of the dependency resolver (this applies only to what " "happens when a complex dependency problem is encountered)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Display a list of all installed packages with their calculated score used by " "the pkgProblemResolver. The description of the package is the same as " "described in <literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Print information about the vendors read from " "<filename>/etc/apt/vendors.list</filename>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Display the external commands that are called by apt hooks. This includes " "e.g. the config options <literal>DPkg::{Pre,Post}-Invoke</literal> or " "<literal>APT::Update::{Pre,Post}-Invoke</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml apt_preferences.5.xml sources.list.5.xml apt-ftparchive.1.xml #: apt-transport-http.1.xml apt-transport-https.1.xml #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "Examples" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "" "&configureindex; is a configuration file showing example values for all " "possible options." msgstr "" #. ? reading apt.conf #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml msgid "&apt-cache;, &apt-config;, &apt-preferences;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "Preference control file for APT" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The APT preferences file <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> and the " "fragment files in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename> folder " "can be used to control which versions of packages will be selected for " "installation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "Several versions of a package may be available for installation when the " "&sources-list; file contains references to more than one distribution (for " "example, <literal>stable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal>). APT " "assigns a priority to each version that is available. Subject to dependency " "constraints, <command>apt-get</command> selects the version with the highest " "priority for installation. The APT preferences override the priorities that " "APT assigns to package versions by default, thus giving the user control " "over which one is selected for installation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "Several instances of the same version of a package may be available when the " "&sources-list; file contains references to more than one source. In this " "case <command>apt-get</command> downloads the instance listed earliest in " "the &sources-list; file. The APT preferences do not affect the choice of " "instance, only the choice of version." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "Preferences are a strong power in the hands of a system administrator but " "they can become also their biggest nightmare if used without care! APT will " "not question the preferences, so wrong settings can lead to uninstallable " "packages or wrong decisions while upgrading packages. Even more problems " "will arise if multiple distribution releases are mixed without a good " "understanding of the following paragraphs. Packages included in a specific " "release aren't tested in (and therefore don't always work as expected in) " "older or newer releases, or together with other packages from different " "releases. You have been warned." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "Note that the files in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d</filename> " "directory are parsed in alphanumeric ascending order and need to obey the " "following naming convention: The files have either no or " "\"<literal>pref</literal>\" as filename extension and only contain " "alphanumeric, hyphen (-), underscore (_) and period (.) characters. " "Otherwise APT will print a notice that it has ignored a file, unless that " "file matches a pattern in the <literal>Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> " "configuration list - in which case it will be silently ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "APT's Default Priority Assignments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "<command>apt-get install -t testing " "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "APT::Default-Release \"stable\";\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "If there is no preferences file or if there is no entry in the file that " "applies to a particular version then the priority assigned to that version " "is the priority of the distribution to which that version belongs. It is " "possible to single out a distribution, \"the target release\", which " "receives a higher priority than other distributions do by default. The " "target release can be set on the <command>apt-get</command> command line or " "in the APT configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename>. Note " "that this has precedence over any general priority you set in the " "<filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> file described later, but not over " "specifically pinned packages. For example, <placeholder " "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" " "id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "If the target release has been specified then APT uses the following " "algorithm to set the priorities of the versions of a package. Assign:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "priority 1" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "to the versions coming from archives which in their " "<filename>Release</filename> files are marked as \"NotAutomatic: yes\" but " "<emphasis>not</emphasis> as \"ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes\" like the Debian " "<literal>experimental</literal> archive." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "priority 100" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "to the version that is already installed (if any) and to the versions coming " "from archives which in their <filename>Release</filename> files are marked " "as \"NotAutomatic: yes\" and \"ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes\" like the Debian " "backports archive since <literal>squeeze-backports</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "priority 500" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "to the versions that do not belong to the target release." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "priority 990" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "to the versions that belong to the target release." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The highest of those priorities whose description matches the version is " "assigned to the version." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "If the target release has not been specified then APT simply assigns " "priority 100 to all installed package versions and priority 500 to all " "uninstalled package versions, except versions coming from archives which in " "their <filename>Release</filename> files are marked as \"NotAutomatic: yes\" " "- these versions get the priority 1 or priority 100 if it is additionally " "marked as \"ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "APT then applies the following rules, listed in order of precedence, to " "determine which version of a package to install." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "Never downgrade unless the priority of an available version exceeds 1000. " "(\"Downgrading\" is installing a less recent version of a package in place " "of a more recent version. Note that none of APT's default priorities " "exceeds 1000; such high priorities can only be set in the preferences file. " "Note also that downgrading a package can be risky.)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "Install the highest priority version." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "If two or more versions have the same priority, install the most recent one " "(that is, the one with the higher version number)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "If two or more versions have the same priority and version number but either " "the packages differ in some of their metadata or the " "<literal>--reinstall</literal> option is given, install the uninstalled one." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "In a typical situation, the installed version of a package (priority 100) " "is not as recent as one of the versions available from the sources listed in " "the &sources-list; file (priority 500 or 990). Then the package will be " "upgraded when <command>apt-get install " "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get " "upgrade</command> is executed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "More rarely, the installed version of a package is <emphasis>more</emphasis> " "recent than any of the other available versions. The package will not be " "downgraded when <command>apt-get install " "<replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get " "upgrade</command> is executed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "Sometimes the installed version of a package is more recent than the version " "belonging to the target release, but not as recent as a version belonging to " "some other distribution. Such a package will indeed be upgraded when " "<command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> " "or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed, because at least " "<emphasis>one</emphasis> of the available versions has a higher priority " "than the installed version." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "The Effect of APT Preferences" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The APT preferences file allows the system administrator to control the " "assignment of priorities. The file consists of one or more multi-line " "records separated by blank lines. Records can have one of two forms, a " "specific form and a general form." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The specific form assigns a priority (a \"Pin-Priority\") to one or more " "specified packages with a specified version or version range. For example, " "the following record assigns a high priority to all versions of the " "<filename>perl</filename> package whose version number begins with " "\"<literal>&good-perl;</literal>\". Multiple packages can be separated by " "spaces." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: perl\n" "Pin: version &good-perl;*\n" "Pin-Priority: 1001\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The general form assigns a priority to all of the package versions in a " "given distribution (that is, to all the versions of packages that are listed " "in a certain <filename>Release</filename> file) or to all of the package " "versions coming from a particular Internet site, as identified by the site's " "fully qualified domain name." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "This general-form entry in the APT preferences file applies only to groups " "of packages. For example, the following record assigns a high priority to " "all package versions available from the local site." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: origin \"\"\n" "Pin-Priority: 999\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "A note of caution: the keyword used here is \"<literal>origin</literal>\" " "which can be used to match a hostname. The following record will assign a " "high priority to all versions available from the server identified by the " "hostname \"ftp.de.debian.org\"" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: origin \"ftp.de.debian.org\"\n" "Pin-Priority: 999\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "This should <emphasis>not</emphasis> be confused with the Origin of a " "distribution as specified in a <filename>Release</filename> file. What " "follows the \"Origin:\" tag in a <filename>Release</filename> file is not an " "Internet address but an author or vendor name, such as \"Debian\" or " "\"Ximian\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The following record assigns a low priority to all package versions " "belonging to any distribution whose Archive name is " "\"<literal>unstable</literal>\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release a=unstable\n" "Pin-Priority: 50\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions " "belonging to any distribution whose Codename is " "\"<literal>&debian-testing-codename;</literal>\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release n=&debian-testing-codename;\n" "Pin-Priority: 900\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions " "belonging to any release whose Archive name is \"<literal>stable</literal>\" " "and whose release Version number is " "\"<literal>&debian-stable-version;</literal>\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release a=stable, v=&debian-stable-version;\n" "Pin-Priority: 500\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The effect of the comma operator is similar to an \"and\" in logic: All " "conditions must be satisfied for the pin to match. There is one exception: " "For any type of condition (such as two \"a\" conditions), only the last such " "condition is checked." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "Regular expressions and &glob; syntax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "APT also supports pinning by &glob; expressions, and regular expressions " "surrounded by slashes. For example, the following example assigns the " "priority 500 to all packages from experimental where the name starts with " "gnome (as a &glob;-like expression) or contains the word kde (as a POSIX " "extended regular expression surrounded by slashes)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: gnome* /kde/\n" "Pin: release a=experimental\n" "Pin-Priority: 500\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The rule for those expressions is that they can occur anywhere where a " "string can occur. Thus, the following pin assigns the priority 990 to all " "packages from a release starting with &ubuntu-codename;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release n=&ubuntu-codename;*\n" "Pin-Priority: 990\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "If a regular expression occurs in a <literal>Package</literal> field, the " "behavior is the same as if this regular expression were replaced with a list " "of all package names it matches. It is undecided whether this will change in " "the future; thus you should always list wild-card pins first, so later " "specific pins override it. The pattern \"<literal>*</literal>\" in a " "Package field is not considered a &glob; expression in itself." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "How APT Interprets Priorities" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "Priorities (P) assigned in the APT preferences file must be positive or " "negative integers. They are interpreted as follows (roughly speaking):" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "P >= 1000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "causes a version to be installed even if this constitutes a downgrade of the " "package" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "990 <= P < 1000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "causes a version to be installed even if it does not come from the target " "release, unless the installed version is more recent" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "500 <= P < 990" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available " "belonging to the target release or the installed version is more recent" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "100 <= P < 500" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available " "belonging to some other distribution or the installed version is more recent" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "0 < P < 100" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "causes a version to be installed only if there is no installed version of " "the package" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "P < 0" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "prevents the version from being installed" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "P = 0" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "has undefined behaviour, do not use it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The first specific-form record matching an available package version " "determines the priority of the package version. Failing that, the priority " "of the package is defined as the maximum of all priorities defined by " "generic-form records matching the version. Records defined using patterns " "in the Pin field other than \"*\" are treated like specific-form records." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "For example, suppose the APT preferences file contains the three records " "presented earlier:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: perl\n" "Pin: version &good-perl;*\n" "Pin-Priority: 1001\n" "\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: origin \"\"\n" "Pin-Priority: 999\n" "\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release unstable\n" "Pin-Priority: 50\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "Then:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The most recent available version of the <literal>perl</literal> package " "will be installed, so long as that version's version number begins with " "\"<literal>&good-perl;</literal>\". If <emphasis>any</emphasis> " "&good-perl;* version of <literal>perl</literal> is available and the " "installed version is &bad-perl;*, then <literal>perl</literal> will be " "downgraded." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "A version of any package other than <literal>perl</literal> that is " "available from the local system has priority over other versions, even " "versions belonging to the target release." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "A version of a package whose origin is not the local system but some other " "site listed in &sources-list; and which belongs to an " "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution is only installed if it is selected " "for installation and no version of the package is already installed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "Determination of Package Version and Distribution Properties" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The locations listed in the &sources-list; file should provide " "<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> files to " "describe the packages available at that location." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The <filename>Packages</filename> file is normally found in the directory " "<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable>/<replaceable>component</replaceable>/<replaceable>arch</replaceable></filename>: " "for example, " "<filename>.../dists/stable/main/binary-i386/Packages</filename>. It " "consists of a series of multi-line records, one for each package available " "in that directory. Only two lines in each record are relevant for setting " "APT priorities:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "the <literal>Package:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "gives the package name" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "the <literal>Version:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "gives the version number for the named package" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The <filename>Release</filename> file is normally found in the directory " "<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable></filename>: for " "example, <filename>.../dists/stable/Release</filename>, or " "<filename>.../dists/&debian-stable-codename;/Release</filename>. It " "consists of a single multi-line record which applies to " "<emphasis>all</emphasis> of the packages in the directory tree below its " "parent. Unlike the <filename>Packages</filename> file, nearly all of the " "lines in a <filename>Release</filename> file are relevant for setting APT " "priorities:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "the <literal>Archive:</literal> or <literal>Suite:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "names the archive to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. " "For example, the line \"Archive: stable\" or \"Suite: stable\" specifies " "that all of the packages in the directory tree below the parent of the " "<filename>Release</filename> file are in a <literal>stable</literal> " "archive. Specifying this value in the APT preferences file would require " "the line:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "Pin: release a=stable\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "the <literal>Codename:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "names the codename to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. " "For example, the line \"Codename: &debian-testing-codename;\" specifies that " "all of the packages in the directory tree below the parent of the " "<filename>Release</filename> file belong to a version named " "<literal>&debian-testing-codename;</literal>. Specifying this value in the " "APT preferences file would require the line:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "Pin: release n=&debian-testing-codename;\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "names the release version. For example, the packages in the tree might " "belong to Debian release version &debian-stable-version;. Note that there " "is normally no version number for the <literal>testing</literal> and " "<literal>unstable</literal> distributions because they have not been " "released yet. Specifying this in the APT preferences file would require one " "of the following lines." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Pin: release v=&debian-stable-version;\n" "Pin: release a=stable, v=&debian-stable-version;\n" "Pin: release &debian-stable-version;\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "the <literal>Component:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "names the licensing component associated with the packages in the directory " "tree of the <filename>Release</filename> file. For example, the line " "\"Component: main\" specifies that all the packages in the directory tree " "are from the <literal>main</literal> component, which entails that they are " "licensed under terms listed in the Debian Free Software Guidelines. " "Specifying this component in the APT preferences file would require the " "line:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "Pin: release c=main\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "the <literal>Origin:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "names the originator of the packages in the directory tree of the " "<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is " "<literal>Debian</literal>. Specifying this origin in the APT preferences " "file would require the line:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "Pin: release o=Debian\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "the <literal>Label:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "names the label of the packages in the directory tree of the " "<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is " "<literal>Debian</literal>. Specifying this label in the APT preferences " "file would require the line:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "Pin: release l=Debian\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "All of the <filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> " "files retrieved from locations listed in the &sources-list; file are stored " "in the directory <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists</filename>, or in the file " "named by the variable <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> in the " "<filename>apt.conf</filename> file. For example, the file " "<filename>debian.lcs.mit.edu_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Release</filename> " "contains the <filename>Release</filename> file retrieved from the site " "<literal>debian.lcs.mit.edu</literal> for <literal>binary-i386</literal> " "architecture files from the <literal>contrib</literal> component of the " "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "Optional Lines in an APT Preferences Record" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "Each record in the APT preferences file can optionally begin with one or " "more lines beginning with the word <literal>Explanation:</literal>. This " "provides a place for comments." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "Tracking Stable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated\n" "Explanation: package versions other than those in the stable distro\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release a=stable\n" "Pin-Priority: 900\n" "\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release o=Debian\n" "Pin-Priority: -10\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority " "higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a " "<literal>stable</literal> distribution and a prohibitively low priority to " "package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> " "distributions. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "apt-get install <replaceable>package-name</replaceable>\n" "apt-get upgrade\n" "apt-get dist-upgrade\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of " "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest " "<literal>stable</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" " "id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/testing\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the " "latest version from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution; the package " "will not be upgraded again unless this command is given again. <placeholder " "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "Tracking Testing or Unstable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release a=testing\n" "Pin-Priority: 900\n" "\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release a=unstable\n" "Pin-Priority: 800\n" "\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release o=Debian\n" "Pin-Priority: -10\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a high priority " "to package versions from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution, a " "lower priority to package versions from the <literal>unstable</literal> " "distribution, and a prohibitively low priority to package versions from " "other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions. <placeholder " "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of " "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest " "<literal>testing</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" " "id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/unstable\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the " "latest version from the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution. " "Thereafter, <command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to " "the most recent <literal>testing</literal> version if that is more recent " "than the installed version, otherwise, to the most recent " "<literal>unstable</literal> version if that is more recent than the " "installed version. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "Tracking the evolution of a codename release" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated package " "versions\n" "Explanation: other than those in the distribution codenamed with " "&debian-testing-codename; or sid\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release n=&debian-testing-codename;\n" "Pin-Priority: 900\n" "\n" "Explanation: Debian unstable is always codenamed with sid\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release n=sid\n" "Pin-Priority: 800\n" "\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release o=Debian\n" "Pin-Priority: -10\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority " "higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a " "specified codename of a distribution and a prohibitively low priority to " "package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions, " "codenames and archives. Note that with this APT preference APT will follow " "the migration of a release from the archive <literal>testing</literal> to " "<literal>stable</literal> and later <literal>oldstable</literal>. If you " "want to follow for example the progress in <literal>testing</literal> " "notwithstanding the codename changes you should use the example " "configurations above. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of " "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest version(s) in " "the release codenamed with <literal>&debian-testing-codename;</literal>. " "<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/sid\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "" "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the " "latest version from the <literal>sid</literal> distribution. Thereafter, " "<command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to the most " "recent <literal>&debian-testing-codename;</literal> version if that is more " "recent than the installed version, otherwise, to the most recent " "<literal>sid</literal> version if that is more recent than the installed " "version. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml msgid "&apt-get; &apt-cache; &apt-conf; &sources-list;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "List of configured APT data sources" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The source list <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> and the files " "contained in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</filename> are designed to " "support any number of active sources and a variety of source media. The " "files list one source per line (one-line style) or contain multiline stanzas " "defining one or more sources per stanza (deb822 style), with the most " "preferred source listed first (in case a single version is available from " "more than one source). The information available from the configured sources " "is acquired by <command>apt-get update</command> (or by an equivalent " "command from another APT front-end)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "sources.list.d" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</filename> directory provides a way to " "add sources.list entries in separate files. Two different file formats are " "allowed as described in the next two sections. Filenames need to have " "either the extension <filename>.list</filename> or " "<filename>.sources</filename> depending on the contained format. The " "filenames may only contain letters (a-z and A-Z), digits (0-9), underscore " "(_), hyphen (-) and period (.) characters. Otherwise APT will print a " "notice that it has ignored a file, unless that file matches a pattern in the " "<literal>Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> configuration list - in which " "case it will be silently ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "One-Line-Style Format" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Files in this format have the extension <filename>.list</filename>. Each " "line specifying a source starts with a type " "(e.g. <literal>deb-src</literal>) followed by options and arguments for " "this type. Individual entries cannot be continued onto a following " "line. Empty lines are ignored, and a <literal>#</literal> character anywhere " "on a line marks the remainder of that line as a comment. Consequently an " "entry can be disabled by commenting out the entire line. If options should " "be provided they are separated by spaces and all of them together are " "enclosed by square brackets (<literal>[]</literal>) included in the line " "after the type separated from it with a space. If an option allows multiple " "values these are separated from each other with a comma " "(<literal>,</literal>). An option name is separated from its value(s) by an " "equals sign (<literal>=</literal>). Multivalue options also have " "<literal>-=</literal> and <literal>+=</literal> as separators, which instead " "of replacing the default with the given value(s) modify the default value(s) " "to remove or include the given values." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "This is the traditional format and supported by all apt versions. Note that " "not all options as described below are supported by all apt versions. Note " "also that some older applications parsing this format on their own might not " "expect to encounter options as they were uncommon before the introduction of " "multi-architecture support." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "deb822-Style Format" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Files in this format have the extension <filename>.sources</filename>. The " "format is similar in syntax to other files used by Debian and its " "derivatives, such as the metadata files that apt will download from the " "configured sources or the <filename>debian/control</filename> file in a " "Debian source package. Individual entries are separated by an empty line; " "additional empty lines are ignored, and a <literal>#</literal> character at " "the start of the line marks the entire line as a comment. An entry can hence " "be disabled by commenting out each line belonging to the stanza, but it is " "usually easier to add the field \"Enabled: no\" to the stanza to disable the " "entry. Removing the field or setting it to yes reenables it. Options have " "the same syntax as every other field: A fieldname separated by a colon " "(<literal>:</literal>) and optionally spaces from its value(s). Note " "especially that multiple values are separated by whitespaces (like spaces, " "tabs and newlines), not by commas as in the one-line format. Multivalue " "fields like <literal>Architectures</literal> also have " "<literal>Architectures-Add</literal> and " "<literal>Architectures-Remove</literal> to modify the default value rather " "than replacing it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "This is a new format supported by apt itself since version 1.1. Previous " "versions ignore such files with a notice message as described earlier. It " "is intended to make this format gradually the default format, deprecating " "the previously described one-line-style format, as it is easier to create, " "extend and modify for humans and machines alike especially if a lot of " "sources and/or options are involved. Developers who are working with and/or " "parsing apt sources are highly encouraged to add support for this format and " "to contact the APT team to coordinate and share this work. Users can freely " "adopt this format already, but may encounter problems with software not " "supporting the format yet." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "The deb and deb-src Types: General Format" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The <literal>deb</literal> type references a typical two-level Debian " "archive, <filename>distribution/component</filename>. The " "<literal>distribution</literal> is generally a suite name like " "<literal>stable</literal> or <literal>testing</literal> or a codename like " "<literal>&debian-stable-codename;</literal> or " "<literal>&debian-testing-codename;</literal> while component is one of " "<literal>main</literal>, <literal>contrib</literal> or " "<literal>non-free</literal>. The <literal>deb-src</literal> type references " "a Debian distribution's source code in the same form as the " "<literal>deb</literal> type. A <literal>deb-src</literal> line is required " "to fetch source indexes." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The format for two one-line-style entries using the <literal>deb</literal> " "and <literal>deb-src</literal> types is:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "deb [ option1=value1 option2=value2 ] uri suite [component1] [component2] " "[...]\n" "deb-src [ option1=value1 option2=value2 ] uri suite [component1] " "[component2] [...]" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" " Types: deb deb-src\n" " URIs: uri\n" " Suites: suite\n" " Components: [component1] [component2] [...]\n" " option1: value1\n" " option2: value2\n" " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Alternatively the equivalent entry in deb822 style looks like this: " "<placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The URI for the <literal>deb</literal> type must specify the base of the " "Debian distribution, from which APT will find the information it needs. " "<literal>suite</literal> can specify an exact path, in which case the " "components must be omitted and <literal>suite</literal> must end with a " "slash (<literal>/</literal>). This is useful for the case when only a " "particular sub-directory of the archive denoted by the URI is of interest. " "If <literal>suite</literal> does not specify an exact path, at least one " "<literal>component</literal> must be present." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<literal>suite</literal> may also contain a variable, " "<literal>$(ARCH)</literal> which expands to the Debian architecture (such as " "<literal>amd64</literal> or <literal>armel</literal>) used on the " "system. This permits architecture-independent " "<filename>sources.list</filename> files to be used. In general this is only " "of interest when specifying an exact path; <literal>APT</literal> will " "automatically generate a URI with the current architecture otherwise." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Especially in the one-line-style format since only one distribution can be " "specified per line it may be necessary to have multiple lines for the same " "URI, if a subset of all available distributions or components at that " "location is desired. APT will sort the URI list after it has generated a " "complete set internally, and will collapse multiple references to the same " "Internet host, for instance, into a single connection, so that it does not " "inefficiently establish a connection, close it, do something else, and then " "re-establish a connection to that same host. APT also parallelizes " "connections to different hosts to more effectively deal with sites with low " "bandwidth." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "It is important to list sources in order of preference, with the most " "preferred source listed first. Typically this will result in sorting by " "speed from fastest to slowest (CD-ROM followed by hosts on a local network, " "followed by distant Internet hosts, for example)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "&sourceslist-list-format;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "&sourceslist-sources-format;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "As an example, the sources for your distribution could look like this in " "one-line-style format: <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> or " "like this in deb822 style format: <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" " "id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "The deb and deb-src types: Options" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Each source entry can have options specified to modify which source is " "accessed and how data is acquired from it. Format, syntax and names of the " "options vary between the one-line-style and deb822-style formats as " "described, but they both have the same options available. For simplicity we " "list the deb822 fieldname and provide the one-line name in brackets. " "Remember that besides setting multivalue options explicitly, there is also " "the option to modify them based on the default, but we aren't listing those " "names explicitly here. Unsupported options are silently ignored by all APT " "versions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>Architectures</option> (<option>arch</option>) is a multivalue " "option defining for which architectures information should be downloaded. If " "this option isn't set the default is all architectures as defined by the " "<option>APT::Architectures</option> config option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>Languages</option> (<option>lang</option>) is a multivalue option " "defining for which languages information such as translated package " "descriptions should be downloaded. If this option isn't set the default is " "all languages as defined by the <option>Acquire::Languages</option> config " "option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>Targets</option> (<option>target</option>) is a multivalue option " "defining which download targets apt will try to acquire from this source. If " "not specified, the default set is defined by the " "<option>Acquire::IndexTargets</option> configuration scope (targets are " "specified by their name in the <literal>Created-By</literal> field). " "Additionally, targets can be enabled or disabled by using the " "<literal>Identifier</literal> field as an option with a boolean value " "instead of using this multivalue option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>PDiffs</option> (<option>pdiffs</option>) is a yes/no value which " "controls if APT should try to use PDiffs to update old indexes instead of " "downloading the new indexes entirely. The value of this option is ignored if " "the repository doesn't announce the availability of PDiffs. Defaults to the " "value of the option with the same name for a specific index file defined in " "the <option>Acquire::IndexTargets</option> scope, which itself defaults to " "the value of configuration option <option>Acquire::PDiffs</option> which " "defaults to <literal>yes</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>By-Hash</option> (<option>by-hash</option>) can have the value " "<literal>yes</literal>, <literal>no</literal> or <literal>force</literal> " "and controls if APT should try to acquire indexes via a URI constructed from " "a hashsum of the expected file instead of using the well-known stable " "filename of the index. Using this can avoid hashsum mismatches, but requires " "a supporting mirror. A <literal>yes</literal> or <literal>no</literal> value " "activates/disables the use of this feature if this source indicates support " "for it, while <literal>force</literal> will enable the feature regardless of " "what the source indicates. Defaults to the value of the option of the same " "name for a specific index file defined in the " "<option>Acquire::IndexTargets</option> scope, which itself defaults to the " "value of configuration option <option>Acquire::By-Hash</option> which " "defaults to <literal>yes</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Furthermore, there are options which if set affect <emphasis>all</emphasis> " "sources with the same URI and Suite, so they have to be set on all such " "entries and can not be varied between different components. APT will try to " "detect and error out on such anomalies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>Allow-Insecure</option> (<option>allow-insecure</option>), " "<option>Allow-Weak</option> (<option>allow-weak</option>) and " "<option>Allow-Downgrade-To-Insecure</option> " "(<option>allow-downgrade-to-insecure</option>) are boolean values which all " "default to <literal>no</literal>. If set to <literal>yes</literal> they " "circumvent parts of &apt-secure; and should therefore not be used lightly!" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>Trusted</option> (<option>trusted</option>) is a tri-state value " "which defaults to APT deciding if a source is considered trusted or if " "warnings should be raised before e.g. packages are installed from this " "source. This option can be used to override that decision. The value " "<literal>yes</literal> tells APT always to consider this source as trusted, " "even if it doesn't pass authentication checks. It disables parts of " "&apt-secure;, and should therefore only be used in a local and trusted " "context (if at all) as otherwise security is breached. The value " "<literal>no</literal> does the opposite, causing the source to be handled as " "untrusted even if the authentication checks passed successfully. The default " "value can't be set explicitly." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>Signed-By</option> (<option>signed-by</option>) is either an " "absolute path to a keyring file (has to be accessible and readable for the " "<literal>_apt</literal> user, so ensure everyone has read-permissions on the " "file) or one or more fingerprints of keys either in the " "<filename>trusted.gpg</filename> keyring or in the keyrings in the " "<filename>trusted.gpg.d/</filename> directory (see <command>apt-key " "fingerprint</command>). If the option is set, only the key(s) in this " "keyring or only the keys with these fingerprints are used for the " "&apt-secure; verification of this repository. Defaults to the value of the " "option with the same name if set in the previously acquired " "<filename>Release</filename> file. Otherwise all keys in the trusted " "keyrings are considered valid signers for this repository." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>Check-Valid-Until</option> (<option>check-valid-until</option>) is " "a yes/no value which controls if APT should try to detect replay attacks. A " "repository creator can declare a time until which the data provided in the " "repository should be considered valid, and if this time is reached, but no " "new data is provided, the data is considered expired and an error is " "raised. Besides increasing security, as a malicious attacker can't send old " "data forever to prevent a user from upgrading to a new version, this also " "helps users identify mirrors which are no longer updated. However, some " "repositories such as historic archives are not updated any more by design, " "so this check can be disabled by setting this option to " "<literal>no</literal>. Defaults to the value of configuration option " "<option>Acquire::Check-Valid-Until</option> which itself defaults to " "<literal>yes</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>Valid-Until-Min</option> (<option>valid-until-min</option>) and " "<option>Valid-Until-Max</option> (<option>valid-until-max</option>) can be " "used to raise or lower the time period in seconds in which the data from " "this repository is considered valid. -Max can be especially useful if the " "repository provides no Valid-Until field on its Release file to set your own " "value, while -Min can be used to increase the valid time on seldom updated " "(local) mirrors of a more frequently updated but less accessible archive " "(which is in the sources.list as well) instead of disabling the check " "entirely. Default to the value of the configuration options " "<option>Acquire::Min-ValidTime</option> and " "<option>Acquire::Max-ValidTime</option> which are both unset by default." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>Check-Date</option> (<option>check-date</option>) is a yes/no value " "which controls if APT should consider the machine's time correct and hence " "perform time related checks, such as verifying that a Release file is not " "from the future. Disabling it also disables the " "<option>Check-Valid-Until</option> option mentioned above." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>Date-Max-Future</option> (<option>date-max-future</option>) controls " "how far from the future a repository may be. Default to the value of the " "configuration option <option>Acquire::Max-FutureTime</option> which is 10 " "seconds by default." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "<option>InRelease-Path</option> (<option>inrelease-path</option>) " "determines the path to the InRelease file, relative to the normal position " "of an <filename>InRelease</filename> file. By default, this option is unset " "and APT will try to fetch an <filename>InRelease</filename> or, if that " "fails, a <filename>Release</filename> file and its associated " "<filename>Release.gpg</filename> file. By setting this option, the specified " "path will be tried instead of the InRelease file, and the fallback to " "<filename>Release</filename> files will be disabled." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "URI Specification" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "The currently recognized URI types are:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "(&apt-transport-http;)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The http scheme specifies an HTTP server for an archive and is the most " "commonly used method. The URI can directly include login information if the " "archive requires it, but the use of &apt-authconf; should be preferred. The " "method also supports SOCKS5 and HTTP(S) proxies either configured via " "apt-specific configuration or specified by the environment variable " "<envar>http_proxy</envar> in the format (assuming an HTTP proxy requiring " "authentication) <replaceable>http://user:pass@server:port/</replaceable>. " "The authentication details for proxies can also be supplied via " "&apt-authconf;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Note that these forms of authentication are insecure as the whole " "communication with the remote server (or proxy) is not encrypted so a " "sufficiently capable attacker can observe and record login as well as all " "other interactions. The attacker can <emphasis>not</emphasis> modify the " "communication through as APTs data security model is independent of the " "chosen transport method. See &apt-secure; for details." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "(&apt-transport-https;)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The https scheme specifies an HTTPS server for an archive and is very " "similar in use and available options to the http scheme. The main difference " "is that the communication between apt and server (or proxy) is " "encrypted. Note that the encryption does not prevent an attacker from " "knowing which server (or proxy) apt is communicating with and deeper " "analyses can potentially still reveal which data was downloaded. If this is " "a concern the Tor-based schemes mentioned further below might be a suitable " "alternative." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The file scheme allows an arbitrary directory in the file system to be " "considered an archive. This is useful for NFS mounts and local mirrors or " "archives." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The cdrom scheme allows APT to use a local CD-ROM, DVD or USB drive with " "media swapping. Use the &apt-cdrom; program to create cdrom entries in the " "source list." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The ftp scheme specifies an FTP server for an archive. Use of FTP is on the " "decline in favour of <literal>http</literal> and <literal>https</literal> " "and many archives either never offered or are retiring FTP access. If you " "still need this method many configuration options for it are available in " "the <literal>Acquire::ftp</literal> scope and detailed in &apt-conf;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Please note that an FTP proxy can be specified by using the " "<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable. It is possible to specify an " "HTTP proxy (HTTP proxy servers often understand FTP URLs) using this " "environment variable and <emphasis>only</emphasis> this environment " "variable. Proxies using HTTP specified in the configuration file will be " "ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The copy scheme is identical to the file scheme except that packages are " "copied into the cache directory instead of used directly at their location. " "This is useful for people using removable media to copy files around with " "APT." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The rsh/ssh method invokes RSH/SSH to connect to a remote host and access " "the files as a given user. Prior configuration of rhosts or RSA keys is " "recommended. The standard <command>find</command> and <command>dd</command> " "commands are used to perform the file transfers from the remote host." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "adding more recognizable URI types" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "APT can be extended with more methods shipped in other optional packages, " "which should follow the naming scheme " "<package>apt-transport-<replaceable>method</replaceable></package>. For " "instance, the APT team also maintains the package " "<package>apt-transport-tor</package>, which provides access methods for HTTP " "and HTTPS URIs routed via the Tor network." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Uses the archive stored locally (or NFS mounted) at /home/apt/debian for " "stable/main, stable/contrib, and stable/non-free." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "deb file:/home/apt/debian stable main contrib non-free" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Types: deb\n" "URIs: file:/home/apt/debian\n" "Suites: stable\n" "Components: main contrib non-free" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "As above, except this uses the unstable (development) distribution." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "deb file:/home/apt/debian unstable main contrib non-free" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Types: deb\n" "URIs: file:/home/apt/debian\n" "Suites: unstable\n" "Components: main contrib non-free" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "Sources specification for the above." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "deb-src file:/home/apt/debian unstable main contrib non-free" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Types: deb-src\n" "URIs: file:/home/apt/debian\n" "Suites: unstable\n" "Components: main contrib non-free" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "The first line gets package information for the architectures in " "<literal>APT::Architectures</literal> while the second always retrieves " "<literal>amd64</literal> and <literal>armel</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian &debian-stable-codename; main\n" "deb [ arch=amd64,armel ] http://deb.debian.org/debian " "&debian-stable-codename; main" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Types: deb\n" "URIs: http://deb.debian.org/debian\n" "Suites: &debian-stable-codename;\n" "Components: main\n" "\n" "Types: deb\n" "URIs: http://deb.debian.org/debian\n" "Suites: &debian-stable-codename;\n" "Components: main\n" "Architectures: amd64 armel\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Uses HTTP to access the archive at archive.debian.org, and uses only the " "hamm/main area." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-archive hamm main" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Types: deb\n" "URIs: http://archive.debian.org/debian-archive\n" "Suites: hamm\n" "Components: main" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian " "directory, and uses only the &debian-stable-codename;/contrib area." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian &debian-stable-codename; contrib" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Types: deb\n" "URIs: ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian\n" "Suites: &debian-stable-codename;\n" "Components: contrib" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian " "directory, and uses only the unstable/contrib area. If this line appears as " "well as the one in the previous example in <filename>sources.list</filename> " "a single FTP session will be used for both resource lines." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable contrib" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Types: deb\n" "URIs: ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian\n" "Suites: unstable\n" "Components: contrib" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "deb http://ftp.tlh.debian.org/universe unstable/binary-$(ARCH)/" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Types: deb\n" "URIs: http://ftp.tlh.debian.org/universe\n" "Suites: unstable/binary-$(ARCH)/" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Uses HTTP to access the archive at ftp.tlh.debian.org, under the universe " "directory, and uses only files found under " "<filename>unstable/binary-i386</filename> on i386 machines, " "<filename>unstable/binary-amd64</filename> on amd64, and so forth for other " "supported architectures. [Note this example only illustrates how to use the " "substitution variable; official debian archives are not structured like " "this] <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder " "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "" "Uses HTTP to get binary packages as well as sources from the stable, testing " "and unstable suites and the components main and contrib." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian stable main contrib\n" "deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian stable main contrib\n" "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian testing main contrib\n" "deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian testing main contrib\n" "deb http://deb.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib\n" "deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Types: deb deb-src\n" "URIs: http://deb.debian.org/debian\n" "Suites: stable testing unstable\n" "Components: main contrib\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml msgid "&apt-get;, &apt-conf;, &apt-acquire-additional-files;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml apt-sortpkgs.1.xml apt-ftparchive.1.xml #: apt-transport-http.1.xml apt-transport-https.1.xml #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "1" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml msgid "" "Utility to extract <command>debconf</command> config and templates from " "Debian packages" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> will take one or more Debian package " "files as input and write out (to a temporary directory) all associated " "config scripts and template files. For each passed in package that contains " "config scripts and templates, one line of output will be generated in the " "format:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml msgid "package version template-file config-script" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml msgid "" "template-file and config-script are written to the temporary directory " "specified by the <option>-t</option> or <option>--tempdir</option> " "(<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>) directory, with " "filenames of the form <filename>package.template.XXXXXX</filename> and " "<filename>package.config.XXXXXX</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml msgid "" "Temporary directory in which to write extracted <command>debconf</command> " "template files and config scripts. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> returns zero on normal operation, " "decimal 100 on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml msgid "Utility to sort package index files" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> will take an index file (source index or " "package index) and sort the records so that they are ordered by the package " "name. It will also sort the internal fields of each record according to the " "internal sorting rules." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml msgid "All output is sent to standard output; the input must be a seekable file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml msgid "" "Use source index field ordering. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::SortPkgs::Source</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal " "100 on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Utility to generate index files" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is the command line tool that generates " "the index files that APT uses to access a distribution source. The index " "files should be generated on the origin site based on the content of that " "site." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is a superset of the &dpkg-scanpackages; " "program, incorporating its entire functionality via the " "<literal>packages</literal> command. It also contains a contents file " "generator, <literal>contents</literal>, and an elaborate means to 'script' " "the generation process for a complete archive." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Internally <command>apt-ftparchive</command> can make use of binary " "databases to cache the contents of a .deb file and it does not rely on any " "external programs aside from &gzip;. When doing a full generate it " "automatically performs file-change checks and builds the desired compressed " "output files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The packages command generates a package file from a directory tree. It " "takes the given directory and recursively searches it for .deb files, " "emitting a package record to stdout for each. This command is approximately " "equivalent to &dpkg-scanpackages;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "The option <option>--db</option> can be used to specify a binary caching DB." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The <literal>sources</literal> command generates a source index file from a " "directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it " "for .dsc files, emitting a source record to stdout for each. This command is " "approximately equivalent to &dpkg-scansources;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "If an override file is specified then a source override file will be looked " "for with an extension of .src. The --source-override option can be used to " "change the source override file that will be used." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The <literal>contents</literal> command generates a contents file from a " "directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it for " ".deb files, and reads the file list from each file. It then sorts and writes " "to stdout the list of files matched to packages. Directories are not written " "to the output. If multiple packages own the same file then each package is " "separated by a comma in the output." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The <literal>release</literal> command generates a Release file from a " "directory tree. It recursively searches the given directory for uncompressed " "and compressed <filename>Packages</filename>, <filename>Sources</filename>, " "<filename>Contents</filename>, <filename>Components</filename> and " "<filename>icons</filename> files as well as <filename>Release</filename>, " "<filename>Index</filename> and <filename>md5sum.txt</filename> files by " "default (<literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Default-Patterns</literal>). " "Additional filename patterns can be added by listing them in " "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Patterns</literal>. It then writes to " "stdout a <filename>Release</filename> file containing (by default) an MD5, " "SHA1, SHA256 and SHA512 digest for each file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Values for the additional metadata fields in the Release file are taken from " "the corresponding variables under " "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release</literal>, " "e.g. <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Origin</literal>. The supported " "fields are <literal>Origin</literal>, <literal>Label</literal>, " "<literal>Suite</literal>, <literal>Version</literal>, " "<literal>Codename</literal>, <literal>Date</literal>, " "<literal>NotAutomatic</literal>, <literal>ButAutomaticUpgrades</literal>, " "<literal>Acquire-By-Hash</literal>, <literal>Valid-Until</literal>, " "<literal>Signed-By</literal>, <literal>Architectures</literal>, " "<literal>Components</literal> and <literal>Description</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The <literal>generate</literal> command is designed to be runnable from a " "cron script and builds indexes according to the given config file. The " "config language provides a flexible means of specifying which index files " "are built from which directories, as well as providing a simple means of " "maintaining the required settings." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The <literal>clean</literal> command tidies the databases used by the given " "configuration file by removing any records that are no longer necessary." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "The Generate Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The <literal>generate</literal> command uses a configuration file to " "describe the archives that are going to be generated. It follows the typical " "ISC configuration format as seen in ISC tools like bind 8 and dhcpd. " "&apt-conf; contains a description of the syntax. Note that the generate " "configuration is parsed in sectional manner, but &apt-conf; is parsed in a " "tree manner. This only effects how the scope tag is handled." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "The generate configuration has four separate sections, each described below." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "<literal>Dir</literal> Section" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The <literal>Dir</literal> section defines the standard directories needed " "to locate the files required during the generation process. These " "directories are prepended certain relative paths defined in later sections " "to produce a complete an absolute path." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Specifies the root of the FTP archive, in a standard Debian configuration " "this is the directory that contains the <filename>ls-LR</filename> and dist " "nodes." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Specifies the location of the override files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Specifies the location of the cache files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Specifies the location of the file list files, if the " "<literal>FileList</literal> setting is used below." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "<literal>Default</literal> Section" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The <literal>Default</literal> section specifies default values, and " "settings that control the operation of the generator. Other sections may " "override these defaults with a per-section setting." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the default compression schemes to use for the package index files. It " "is a string that contains a space separated list of at least one of the " "compressors configured via the <option>APT::Compressor</option> " "configuration scope. The default for all compression schemes is '. gzip'." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the default list of file extensions that are package files. This " "defaults to '.deb'." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it " "controls the compression for the Sources files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the default list of file extensions that are source files. This " "defaults to '.dsc'." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it " "controls the compression for the Contents files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it " "controls the compression for the Translation-en master file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Specifies the number of kilobytes to delink (and replace with hard links) " "per run. This is used in conjunction with the per-section " "<literal>External-Links</literal> setting." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Specifies the mode of all created index files. It defaults to 0644. All " "index files are set to this mode with no regard to the umask." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Specifies whether long descriptions should be included in the " "<filename>Packages</filename> file or split out into a master " "<filename>Translation-en</filename> file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "<literal>TreeDefault</literal> Section" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets defaults specific to <literal>Tree</literal> sections. All of these " "variables are substitution variables and have the strings $(DIST), " "$(SECTION) and $(ARCH) replaced with their respective values." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the number of kilobytes of contents files that are generated each " "day. The contents files are round-robined so that over several days they " "will all be rebuilt." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Controls the number of days a contents file is allowed to be checked without " "changing. If this limit is passed the mtime of the contents file is " "updated. This case can occur if the package file is changed in such a way " "that does not result in a new contents file [override edit for instance]. A " "hold off is allowed in hopes that new .debs will be installed, requiring a " "new file anyhow. The default is 10, the units are in days." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the top of the .deb directory tree. Defaults to " "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the top of the source package directory tree. Defaults to " "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the output Packages file. Defaults to " "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/Packages</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the output Sources file. Defaults to " "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/Sources</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the output Translation-en master file with the long descriptions if " "they should be not included in the Packages file. Defaults to " "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/i18n/Translation-en</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the path prefix that causes a symlink to be considered an internal link " "instead of an external link. Defaults to " "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the output Contents file. Defaults to " "<filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/Contents-$(ARCH)</filename>. If this setting " "causes multiple Packages files to map onto a single Contents file (as is the " "default) then <command>apt-ftparchive</command> will integrate those " "package files together automatically." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Sets header file to prepend to the contents output." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the binary cache database to use for this section. Multiple sections " "can share the same database." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, " "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the " "given file. Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, " "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the " "given file. Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory. " "This is used when processing source indexes." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "<literal>Tree</literal> Section" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The <literal>Tree</literal> section defines a standard Debian file tree " "which consists of a base directory, then multiple sections in that base " "directory and finally multiple Architectures in each section. The exact " "pathing used is defined by the <literal>Directory</literal> substitution " "variable." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The <literal>Tree</literal> section takes a scope tag which sets the " "<literal>$(DIST)</literal> variable and defines the root of the tree (the " "path is prefixed by <literal>ArchiveDir</literal>). Typically this is a " "setting such as <filename>dists/&debian-stable-codename;</filename>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "All of the settings defined in the <literal>TreeDefault</literal> section " "can be used in a <literal>Tree</literal> section as well as three new " "variables." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "for i in Sections do \n" " for j in Architectures do\n" " Generate for DIST=scope SECTION=i ARCH=j\n" " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "When processing a <literal>Tree</literal> section " "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> performs an operation similar to: " "<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "This is a space separated list of sections which appear under the " "distribution; typically this is something like <literal>main contrib " "non-free</literal>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "This is a space separated list of all the architectures that appear under " "search section. The special architecture 'source' is used to indicate that " "this tree has a source archive. The architecture 'all' signals that " "architecture specific files like <filename>Packages</filename> should not " "include information about architecture <literal>all</literal> packages in " "all files as they will be available in a dedicated file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the binary override file. The override file contains section, priority " "and maintainer address information." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the source override file. The override file contains section " "information." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Sets the binary extra override file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Sets the source extra override file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "<literal>BinDirectory</literal> Section" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The <literal>bindirectory</literal> section defines a binary directory tree " "with no special structure. The scope tag specifies the location of the " "binary directory and the settings are similar to the <literal>Tree</literal> " "section with no substitution variables or " "<literal>Section</literal><literal>Architecture</literal> settings." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Sets the Packages file output." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Sets the Sources file output. At least one of <literal>Packages</literal> or " "<literal>Sources</literal> is required." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Sets the Contents file output (optional)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Sets the binary override file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Sets the source override file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Sets the cache DB." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Appends a path to all the output paths." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "Specifies the file list file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "The Binary Override File" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The binary override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scanpackages;. It " "contains four fields separated by spaces. The first field is the package " "name, the second is the priority to force that package to, the third is the " "section to force that package to and the final field is the maintainer " "permutation field." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml #, no-wrap msgid "old [// oldn]* => new" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml #, no-wrap msgid "new" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The general form of the maintainer field is: <placeholder " "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> or simply, <placeholder " "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"1\"/> The first form allows a double-slash " "separated list of old email addresses to be specified. If any of those are " "found then new is substituted for the maintainer field. The second form " "unconditionally substitutes the maintainer field." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "The Source Override File" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The source override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scansources;. It " "contains two fields separated by spaces. The first field is the source " "package name, the second is the section to assign it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "The Extra Override File" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "The extra override file allows any arbitrary tag to be added or replaced in " "the output. It has three columns, the first is the package, the second is " "the tag and the remainder of the line is the new value." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Generate the given checksum. These options default to on, when turned off " "the generated index files will not have the checksum fields where possible. " "Configuration Items: " "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::<replaceable>Checksum</replaceable></literal> and " "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::<replaceable>Index</replaceable>::<replaceable>Checksum</replaceable></literal> " "where <literal><replaceable>Index</replaceable></literal> can be " "<literal>Packages</literal>, <literal>Sources</literal> or " "<literal>Release</literal> and " "<literal><replaceable>Checksum</replaceable></literal> can be " "<literal>MD5</literal>, <literal>SHA1</literal>, <literal>SHA256</literal> " "or <literal>SHA512</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Use a binary caching DB. This has no effect on the generate command. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DB</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. " "More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use " "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration " "file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Perform Delinking. If the <literal>External-Links</literal> setting is used " "then this option actually enables delinking of the files. It defaults to on " "and can be turned off with <option>--no-delink</option>. Configuration " "Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DeLinkAct</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Perform contents generation. When this option is set and package indexes are " "being generated with a cache DB then the file listing will also be extracted " "and stored in the DB for later use. When using the generate command this " "option also allows the creation of any Contents files. The default is on. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Contents</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Select the source override file to use with the <literal>sources</literal> " "command. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::SourceOverride</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Make the caching databases read only. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::FTPArchive::ReadOnlyDB</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "Accept in the <literal>packages</literal> and <literal>contents</literal> " "commands only package files matching <literal>*_arch.deb</literal> or " "<literal>*_all.deb</literal> instead of all package files in the given " "path. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Architecture</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "&apt-ftparchive; caches as much as possible of metadata in a cachedb. If " "packages are recompiled and/or republished with the same version again, this " "will lead to problems as the now outdated cached metadata like size and " "checksums will be used. With this option enabled this will no longer happen " "as it will be checked if the file was changed. Note that this option is set " "to \"<literal>false</literal>\" by default as it is not recommend to upload " "multiply versions/builds of a package with the same versionnumber, so in " "theory nobody will have these problems and therefore all these extra checks " "are useless." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "This configuration option defaults to \"<literal>true</literal>\" and should " "only be set to <literal>\"false\"</literal> if the Archive generated with " "&apt-ftparchive; also provides <filename>Translation</filename> files. Note " "that the <filename>Translation-en</filename> master file can only be created " "in the generate command." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><programlisting> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> packages " "<replaceable>directory</replaceable> | <command>gzip</command> > " "<filename>Packages.gz</filename>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "To create a compressed Packages file for a directory containing binary " "packages (.deb): <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml msgid "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal " "100 on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "Login configuration file for APT sources and proxies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "" "APT configuration files like &sources-list; or &apt-conf; need to be " "accessible for everyone using apt tools on the system to have access to all " "package-related information like the available packages in a " "repository. Login information needed to connect to a proxy or to download " "data from a repository on the other hand shouldn't always be accessible by " "everyone and can hence not be placed in a file with world-readable file " "permissions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The APT auth.conf file <filename>/etc/apt/auth.conf</filename> can be used " "to store login information in a netrc-like format with restrictive file " "permissions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "netrc-like format" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "" "The format defined here is similar to the format of the " "<filename>~/.netrc</filename> file used by " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle><command>ftp</command></refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry> " "and similar programs interacting with servers. It is a simple token-based " "format with the following tokens being recognized; Unknown tokens will be " "ignored. Tokens may be separated by spaces, tabs or newlines." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "" "<literal>machine</literal> " "<replaceable>hostname</replaceable>[:<replaceable>port</replaceable>][/<replaceable>path</replaceable>]" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Entries are looked up by searching for the " "<emphasis><literal>machine</literal></emphasis> token matching the hostname " "of the URI apt needs login information for. Extending the netrc-format a " "portnumber can be specified. If no port is given the token matches for all " "ports. Similar the path is optional and only needed and useful if multiple " "repositories with different login information reside on the same server. A " "machine token with a path matches if the path in the URI starts with the " "path given in the token. Once a match is made, the subsequent tokens are " "processed, stopping when the end of file is reached or another " "<emphasis><literal>machine</literal></emphasis> token is encountered." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "<literal>login</literal> <replaceable>name</replaceable>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "The username to be used." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "<literal>password</literal> <replaceable>string</replaceable>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "The password to be used." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "Example" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "deb http://example.org/debian &debian-stable-codename; main" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "deb http://apt:debian@example.org/debian &debian-stable-codename; main" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "machine example.org\n" "login apt\n" "password debian" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "machine example.org login apt password debian" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "machine example.org/deb login apt password debian\n" "machine example.org/debian login apt password debian\n" "machine example.org/debian/ login apt password debian\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "machine example.org:80 login apt password debian\n" "machine example.org/deb/ login apt password debian\n" "machine example.org/ubuntu login apt password debian\n" "machine example.orga login apt password debian\n" "machine example.net login apt password debian\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Supplying login information for a user named <literal>apt</literal> with the " "password <literal>debian</literal> for the &sources-list; entry <placeholder " "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> could be done in the entry directly: " "<placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"1\"/> Alternatively an entry like " "the following in the auth.conf file could be used: <placeholder " "type=\"literallayout\" id=\"2\"/> Or alternatively within a single line: " "<placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"3\"/> If you need to be more " "specific all of these lines will also apply to the example entry: " "<placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"4\"/> On the other hand neither of " "the following lines apply: <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"5\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "Notes" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Basic support for this feature is present since version 0.7.25, but was " "undocumented for years. The documentation was added in version 1.5 changing " "also the implementation slightly. For maximum backward compatibility you " "should avoid multiple <literal>machine</literal> tokens with the same " "hostname, but if you need multiple they should all have a path specified in " "the <literal>machine</literal> token." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/auth.conf</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "" "Login information for APT sources and proxies in a netrc-like format. " "Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Etc::netrc</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_auth.conf.5.xml msgid "&apt-conf; &sources-list;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "APT transport for downloading via the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "This APT transport allows the use of repositories accessed via the Hypertext " "Transfer Protocol (HTTP). It is available by default and probably the most " "used of all transports. Note that a transport is never called directly by a " "user but used by APT tools based on user configuration." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "HTTP is an unencrypted transport protocol meaning that the whole " "communication with the remote server (or proxy) can be observed by a " "sufficiently capable attacker commonly referred to as a \"man in the " "middle\" (MITM). However, such an attacker can <emphasis>not</emphasis> " "modify the communication to compromise the security of your system, as APT's " "data security model is independent of the chosen transport method. This is " "explained in detail in &apt-secure;. An overview of available transport " "methods is given in &sources-list;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "Various options can be set in an &apt-conf; file to modify its behavior, " "ranging from proxy configuration to workarounds for specific server " "limitations." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "Proxy Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "The environment variable <envar>http_proxy</envar> is supported for system " "wide configuration. Proxies specific to APT can be configured via the " "option <literal>Acquire::http::Proxy</literal>. Proxies which should be " "used only for certain hosts can be specified via " "<literal>Acquire::http::Proxy::<replaceable>host</replaceable></literal>. " "Even more finegrained control can be achieved via proxy autodetection, " "detailed further below. All these options use the URI format " "<literal><replaceable>scheme</replaceable>://[[<replaceable>user</replaceable>][:<replaceable>pass</replaceable>]@]<replaceable>host</replaceable>[:<replaceable>port</replaceable>]/</literal>. " "Supported URI schemes are <literal>socks5h</literal> (SOCKS5 with remote DNS " "resolution), <literal>http</literal> and <literal>https</literal>. " "Authentication details can be supplied via &apt-authconf; instead of " "including it in the URI directly." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "The various APT configuration options support the special value " "<literal>DIRECT</literal> meaning that no proxy should be used. The " "environment variable <envar>no_proxy</envar> is also supported for the same " "purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "Furthermore, there are three settings provided for cache control with " "HTTP/1.1 compliant proxy caches: <literal>Acquire::http::No-Cache</literal> " "tells the proxy not to use its cached response under any circumstances. " "<literal>Acquire::http::Max-Age</literal> sets the allowed maximum age (in " "seconds) of an index file in the cache of the proxy. " "<literal>Acquire::http::No-Store</literal> specifies that the proxy should " "not store the requested archive files in its cache, which can be used to " "prevent the proxy from polluting its cache with (big) .deb files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "Automatic Proxy Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "<literal>Acquire::http::Proxy-Auto-Detect</literal> can be used to specify " "an external command to discover the HTTP proxy to use. The first and only " "parameter is a URI denoting the host to be contacted, to allow for " "host-specific configuration. APT expects the command to output the proxy on " "stdout as a single line in the previously specified URI format or the word " "<literal>DIRECT</literal> if no proxy should be used. No output indicates " "that the generic proxy settings should be used." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "Note that auto-detection will not be used for a host if a host-specific " "proxy configuration is already set via " "<literal>Acquire::http::Proxy::<replaceable>host</replaceable></literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "See the &squid-deb-proxy-client; and &auto-apt-proxy; packages for example " "implementations." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "This option takes precedence over the legacy option name " "<literal>Acquire::http::ProxyAutoDetect</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "Connection Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "The option <literal>Acquire::http::Timeout</literal> sets the timeout timer " "used by the method; this value applies to the connection as well as the data " "timeout." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "The used bandwidth can be limited with " "<literal>Acquire::http::Dl-Limit</literal> which accepts integer values in " "kilobytes per second. The default value is 0 which deactivates the limit and " "tries to use all available bandwidth. Note that this option implicitly " "disables downloading from multiple servers at the same time." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "The setting <literal>Acquire::http::Pipeline-Depth</literal> can be used to " "enable HTTP pipelining (RFC 2616 section 8.1.2.2) which can be beneficial " "e.g. on high-latency connections. It specifies how many requests are sent in " "a pipeline. APT tries to detect and work around misbehaving webservers and " "proxies at runtime, but if you know that yours does not conform to the " "HTTP/1.1 specification, pipelining can be disabled by setting the value to " "0. It is enabled by default with the value 10." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "<literal>Acquire::http::AllowRedirect</literal> controls whether APT will " "follow redirects, which is enabled by default." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "<literal>Acquire::http::User-Agent</literal> can be used to set a different " "User-Agent for the http download method as some proxies allow access for " "clients only if the client uses a known identifier." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "" "<literal>Acquire::http::SendAccept</literal> is enabled by default and sends " "an <literal>Accept: text/*</literal> header field to the server for requests " "without file extensions to prevent the server from attempting content " "negotiation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Acquire::http {\n" "\tProxy::example.org \"DIRECT\";\n" "\tProxy \"socks5h://apt:pass@localhost:9050\";\n" "\tProxy-Auto-Detect \"/usr/local/bin/apt-http-proxy-auto-detect\";\n" "\tNo-Cache \"true\";\n" "\tMax-Age \"3600\";\n" "\tNo-Store \"true\";\n" "\tTimeout \"10\";\n" "\tDl-Limit \"42\";\n" "\tPipeline-Depth \"0\";\n" "\tAllowRedirect \"false\";\n" "\tUser-Agent \"My APT-HTTP\";\n" "\tSendAccept \"false\";\n" "};\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-transport-http.1.xml msgid "&apt-conf; &apt-authconf; &sources-list;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "APT transport for downloading via the HTTP Secure protocol (HTTPS)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "" "This APT transport allows the use of repositories accessed via the HTTP " "Secure protocol (HTTPS), also referred to as HTTP over TLS. It is available " "by default since apt 1.5 and was available before that in the package " "<package>apt-transport-https</package>. Note that a transport is never " "called directly by a user but used by APT tools based on user configuration." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "" "HTTP is by itself an unencrypted transport protocol (compare " "&apt-transport-http;), which, as indicated by the appended S, is wrapped in " "an encrypted layer known as Transport Layer Security (TLS) to provide " "end-to-end encryption. A sufficiently capable attacker can still observe " "the communication partners and deeper analyse of the encrypted communication " "might still reveal important details. An overview over available " "alternative transport methods is given in &sources-list;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "" "The HTTPS protocol is based on the HTTP protocol, so all options supported " "by &apt-transport-http; are also available via " "<literal>Acquire::https</literal> and will default to the same values " "specified for <literal>Acquire::http</literal>. This manpage will only " "document the options <emphasis>unique to https</emphasis>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "Server credentials" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "" "By default all certificates trusted by the system (see " "<package>ca-certificates</package> package) are used for the verification of " "the server certificate. An alternative certificate authority (CA) can be " "configured with the <literal>Acquire::https::CAInfo</literal> option and its " "host-specific option " "<literal>Acquire::https::CAInfo::<replaceable>host</replaceable></literal>. " "The CAInfo option specifies a file made up of CA certificates (in PEM " "format) concatenated together to create the chain which APT should use to " "verify the path from your self-signed root certificate. If the remote server " "provides the whole chain during the exchange, the file need only contain the " "root certificate. Otherwise, the whole chain is required. If you need to " "support multiple authorities, the only way is to concatenate everything." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "" "A custom certificate revocation list (CRL) can be configured with the " "options <literal>Acquire::https::CRLFile</literal> and " "<literal>Acquire::https::CRLFile::<replaceable>host</replaceable></literal>. " "As with the previous option, a file in PEM format needs to be specified." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "Disabling security" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "" "During server authentication, if certificate verification fails for some " "reason (expired, revoked, man in the middle, etc.), the connection fails. " "This is obviously what you want in all cases and what the default value " "(true) of the option <literal>Acquire::https::Verify-Peer</literal> and its " "host-specific variant provides. If you know <emphasis>exactly</emphasis> " "what you are doing, setting this option to \"<literal>false</literal>\" " "allows you to skip peer certificate verification and make the exchange " "succeed. Again, this option is for debugging or testing purposes only as it " "removes all security provided by the use of HTTPS." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "" "Similarly the option <literal>Acquire::https::Verify-Host</literal> and its " "host-specific variant can be used to deactivate a security feature: The " "certificate provided by the server includes the identity of the server which " "should match the DNS name used to access it. By default, as requested by RFC " "2818, the name of the mirror is checked against the identity found in the " "certificate. This default behavior is safe and should not be changed, but if " "you know that the server you are using has a DNS name which does not match " "the identity in its certificate, you can set the option to " "\"<literal>false</literal>\", which will prevent the comparison from being " "performed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "Client authentication" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "" "Besides supporting password-based authentication (see &apt-authconf;) HTTPS " "also supports authentication based on client certificates via " "<literal>Acquire::https::SSLCert</literal> and " "<literal>Acquire::https::SSLKey</literal>. These should be set respectively " "to the filename of the X.509 client certificate and the associated " "(unencrypted) private key, both in PEM format. In practice the use of the " "host-specific variants of both options is highly recommended." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "Acquire::https {\n" "\tProxy::example.org \"DIRECT\";\n" "\tProxy \"socks5h://apt:pass@localhost:9050\";\n" "\tProxy-Auto-Detect \"/usr/local/bin/apt-https-proxy-auto-detect\";\n" "\tNo-Cache \"true\";\n" "\tMax-Age \"3600\";\n" "\tNo-Store \"true\";\n" "\tTimeout \"10\";\n" "\tDl-Limit \"42\";\n" "\tPipeline-Depth \"0\";\n" "\tAllowRedirect \"false\";\n" "\tUser-Agent \"My APT-HTTPS\";\n" "\tSendAccept \"false\";\n" "\n" "\tCAInfo \"/path/to/ca/certs.pem\";\n" "\tCRLFile \"/path/to/all/crl.pem\";\n" "\tVerify-Peer \"true\";\n" "\tVerify-Host::broken.example.org \"false\";\n" "\tSSLCert::example.org \"/path/to/client/cert.pem\";\n" "\tSSLKey::example.org \"/path/to/client/key.pem\"\n" "};\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-transport-https.1.xml msgid "&apt-transport-http; &apt-conf; &apt-authconf; &sources-list;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "APT transport for more automated mirror selection" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "This APT transport isn't implementing a protocol to access local or remote " "repositories on its own, but acquires a mirrorlist and redirects all " "requests to the mirror(s) picked from this list, accessing them via other " "transports like &apt-transport-http;. The basic functionality has been " "available since apt 0.7.24, but was undocumented until apt 1.6 which " "contained a complete rework of the transport and its supported " "features. Note that a transport is never called directly by a user but used " "by APT tools based on user configuration." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "If the acquisition of a file via a mirror fails, the method ensures that " "another possible mirror from the list is automatically tried until either " "the file is retrieved or no mirror is left in the list, transparently " "handling server downtimes and similar problems." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "The security implications of the transport depend on the security " "considerations associated with the transport used to acquire the mirrorlist " "and the transports involved in accessing the chosen mirror(s) by the " "transport." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "This transport has no configuration options at present. The mirror selection " "is based entirely on the mirrors offered in the mirrorlist and the files APT " "needs to acquire." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "Mirrorlist format" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "A mirrorlist contains one or more lines each specifying a URI for a mirror. " "Empty lines and those starting with a hash character (<literal>#</literal>) " "are ignored. A URI always starts with a URI scheme which defines the " "transport used for this mirror. If for example the URI starts with " "<literal>http:</literal>, the responsible transport is &apt-transport-http; " "which might have specific requirements for the format of the remaining part " "of the URI." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "Metadata about a mirror can be given on the same line, separated from the " "URI by a tab. Multiple items of metadata can themselves be separated by " "either tabs or spaces. (This is an advanced feature only available with apt " ">= 1.6. Earlier apt versions will fail to parse mirrorlists using this " "feature.)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "Since apt 1.6 the use of compressed mirrorlists is also supported. Note " "that the filename of the mirrorlist must specify the compression algorithm " "used; there is no auto-detection based on file contents." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "Mirror selection by metadata" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "As specified in the format, a mirror can have additional metadata attached " "to prevent a mirror from being selected for acquiring a file not matching " "this metadata. This way the mirrorlist can e.g. contain partial mirrors " "serving only certain architectures and APT will automatically choose a " "different mirror for files requiring an unlisted architecture. Supported are " "limits for the architecture (<literal>arch</literal>), codename of the " "release (<literal>codename</literal>), component of the repository the file " "is in (<literal>component</literal>), language the file applies to " "(<literal>lang</literal>), suite name of the release " "(<literal>suite</literal>) and type of the file (<literal>type</literal>)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "Fallback order for mirrors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "If no priority is given for a mirror via the metadata key " "<literal>priority</literal>, the order in which mirrors are contacted is " "random. If a certain set of mirrors should be tried first before any of " "another set is tried, a priority can be explicitly set. The mirrors with the " "lowest number are tried first. Mirrors which have no explicit priority set " "default to the highest possible number and are therefore tried last. The " "choice between mirrors with the same priority is again random." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "Allowed transports in a mirrorlist" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "The availability and choice of transports in a mirrorlist is limited by how " "the APT client is accessing the mirrorlist. If a local transport like " "<literal>file</literal> or <literal>copy</literal> is used, the mirrorlist " "can also include local sources, while a mirrorlist accessed via " "<literal>http</literal> can not. Additionally, a mirrorlist can not contain " "a mirrorlist or other wrapping transports (like " "<package>apt-transport-tor</package>). See the documentation of these " "transports on how to use them with the mirror method." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "Note that apt versions before 1.6 do not support any other transport than " "<literal>http</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "Basic example" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "A basic mirrorlist example supported by all apt versions with a mirror " "method (>= 0.7.24) in which the client will pick any of the three mirrors:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><literallayout> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/\n" "http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/\n" "http://deb.debian.org/debian/\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "Assuming a file with this content is stored as " "<filename>/etc/apt/mirrorlist.txt</filename> on your machine it can be used " "like this in &sources-list; (since apt 1.6):" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><literallayout> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml #, no-wrap msgid "deb mirror+file:/etc/apt/mirrorlist.txt &debian-stable-codename; main\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "All versions of the mirror method support a mirrorlist accessible via HTTP, " "so assuming it is available at " "<literal>http://apt.example.org/mirror.lst</literal> the sources.list entry " "from above could instead be written as:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><literallayout> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml #, no-wrap msgid "deb mirror://apt.example.org/mirror.lst &debian-stable-codename; main\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "Note that since apt 1.6 the use of <literal>mirror+http</literal> should be " "preferred over <literal>mirror</literal> for uniformity. The functionality " "is the same." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "Example with metadata-enhanced mirror selection" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "As explained in the format definition apt versions before 1.6 do not support " "this and will fail parsing the mirrorlist. The example mirrorlist is " "intentionally complicated to show some aspects of the selection. The " "following setup is assumed: The first mirror is a local mirror accessible " "via the file method, but potentially incomplete. The second mirror has a " "great connection, but is a partial mirror insofar as it only contains files " "related to the architectures <literal>amd64</literal> and " "<literal>all</literal>. The remaining mirrors are average mirrors which " "should be contacted only if the earlier ones didn't work." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><literallayout> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml #, no-wrap msgid "" "file:/srv/local/debian/mirror/\tpriority:1 type:index\n" "http://partial.example.org/mirror/\tpriority:2 arch:amd64 arch:all " "type:deb\n" "http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/\ttype:deb\n" "http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian/\ttype:deb\n" "https://deb.debian.org/debian/\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-transport-mirror.1.xml msgid "" "In this setup with this mirrorlist the first mirror will be used to download " "all index files assuming the mirrorlist itself is accessed via a local " "transport like <literal>file</literal>. If it isn't, if the mirror is " "otherwise inaccessible or if it does not contain the requested file another " "mirror will be used to acquire the file, chosen depending on the type of the " "file: An index file will be served by the last mirror in the list, while a " "package of architecture <literal>amd64</literal> is served by the second and " "those of e.g. architecture <literal>i386</literal> by one of the last three." msgstr "" #. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book> #: guide.dbk offline.dbk msgid "en" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "APT User's Guide" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><personname> #: guide.dbk offline.dbk msgid "Jason Gunthorpe" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><email> #: guide.dbk offline.dbk msgid "jgg@debian.org" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><releaseinfo> #: guide.dbk offline.dbk msgid "Version &apt-product-version;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "This document provides an overview of how to use the APT package manager." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> #: guide.dbk msgid "<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><title> #: guide.dbk offline.dbk msgid "License Notice" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> #: guide.dbk offline.dbk msgid "" "\"APT\" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them " "and/or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as " "published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, " "or (at your option) any later version." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> #: guide.dbk offline.dbk msgid "" "For more details, on Debian systems, see the file " "/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL for the full license." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "General" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT " "<command>dselect</command> method and the <command>apt-get</command> command " "line user interface. Both provide a way to install and remove packages as " "well as download new packages from the Internet." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "Anatomy of the Package System" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated " "with each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into " "the system. The most prominent of its features is the dependency system." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared " "elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently " "used portions of a program in separate packages to reduce the number of " "things the average user is required to install. Also, it allows for choices " "in mail transport agents, X servers and so on." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the " "concept of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a " "package requires another package to be installed at the same time to work " "properly." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email " "with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a " "simple dependency on GPG. Also, because it is an emacs extension it has a " "simple dependency on emacs, without emacs it is completely useless." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It " "means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and " "may possibly be extremely harmful to the system. As an example consider a " "mail transport agent such as sendmail, exim or qmail. It is not possible to " "have two mail transport agents installed because both need to listen to the " "network to receive mail. Attempting to install two will seriously damage the " "system so all mail transport agents have a conflicting dependency with all " "other mail transport agents." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend " "to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are " "identical, they both deliver mail and understand a common interface. Hence, " "the package system has a way for them to declare that they are both " "mail-transport-agents. So, exim and sendmail both declare that they provide " "a mail-transport-agent and other packages that need a mail transport agent " "depend on mail-transport-agent. This can add a great deal of confusion when " "trying to manually fix packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are " "already installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency " "issues by providing a number of automatic algorithms that help in selecting " "packages for installation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "apt-get" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "<command>apt-get</command> provides a simple way to install packages from " "the command line. Unlike <command>dpkg</command>, <command>apt-get</command> " "does not understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and " "can only install .deb archives from a <emphasis>Source</emphasis>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "If you are using an http proxy server you must set the http_proxy " "environment variable first, see sources.list(5)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The first <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> thing that should be " "done before using <command>apt-get</command> is to fetch the package lists " "from the <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> so that it knows what packages are " "available. This is done with <literal>apt-get update</literal>. For " "instance," msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" "Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "Once updated there are several commands that can be used:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: guide.dbk msgid "upgrade" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never " "install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever " "upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break. This can be " "used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade will list all of " "the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually means that they depend " "on new packages or conflict with some other " "package. <command>dselect</command> or <literal>apt-get install</literal> " "can be used to force these packages to install." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: guide.dbk msgid "install" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically " "fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of " "the package to install and do not want to go into a GUI to select it. Any " "number of packages may be passed to install, they will all be " "fetched. Install automatically attempts to resolve dependency problems with " "the listed packages and will print a summary and ask for confirmation if " "anything other than its arguments are changed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: guide.dbk msgid "dist-upgrade" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between " "releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best " "set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system " "to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use " "dist-upgrade rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in " "<command>dselect</command>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then " "<command>dselect</command> can be used to install any packages that may have " "been left out." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its " "decisions may sometimes be quite surprising." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are " "detailed in its man page, " "<citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. " "The most useful option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the " "fetched files. If the system has to download a large number of package it " "would be undesired to start installing them in case something goes " "wrong. When <literal>-d</literal> is used the downloaded archives can be " "installed by simply running the command that caused them to be downloaded " "again without <literal>-d</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "DSelect" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The APT <command>dselect</command> method provides the complete APT system " "with the <command>dselect</command> package selection " "GUI. <command>dselect</command> is used to select the packages to be " "installed or removed and APT actually installs them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in " "<command>dselect</command> and then choose the APT method. You will be " "prompted for a set of <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> which are places to fetch " "archives from. These can be remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or " "CD-ROMs. Each source can provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT " "will automatically combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you " "have a CD-ROM then it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a " "mirror so that you have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will " "automatically use packages on your CD-ROM before downloading from the " "Internet." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" "\n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" "\n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" "\n" "\n" " URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> setup starts by asking for the base of the " "Debian archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the " "distribution to get." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" "\n" " Distribution [stable]:\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, " "<emphasis>stable</emphasis> refers to the latest released version and " "<emphasis>unstable</emphasis> refers to the developmental " "version. <emphasis>non-US</emphasis> is only available on some mirrors and " "refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things that " "cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages into the " "US is legal however." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" "\n" " Components [main contrib non-free]:\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The " "distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free " "packages while contrib and non-free contain things that have various " "restrictions placed on their use and distribution." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt " "until you have specified all that you want." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "Before starting to use <command>dselect</command> it is necessary to update " "the available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset " "of <literal>apt-get update</literal> that makes the fetched information " "available to <command>dselect</command>. [U]pdate must be performed even if " "<literal>apt-get update</literal> has been run before." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform " "the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and " "[R]emove commands have no meaning, the [I]nstall command performs both of " "them together." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they " "have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place " "<literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "The Interface" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The <command>dselect</command> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts " "to <command>apt-get</command>. The method actually provides more " "functionality than is present in <command>apt-get</command> alone." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "Both that APT <command>dselect</command> method and " "<command>apt-get</command> share the same interface. It is a simple system " "that generally tells you what it will do and then goes and does " "it. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> After printing out a summary " "of what will happen APT then will print out some informative status messages " "so that you can estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "Startup" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to " "prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's " "state. At any time these operations can be performed by running " "<literal>apt-get check</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" "Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses " "a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is " "run. If some of the package files are not found then they will be ignored " "and a warning will be printed when apt-get exits." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's " "dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked " "package and considers if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report " "will be printed out and <command>apt-get</command> will refuse to run." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" "Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" "You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.\n" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" " blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" " bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" " Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem " "with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is " "printed out indicating the package with the problem and the dependencies " "that are unmet. A short explanation of why the package has a dependency " "problem is also included." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para><footnote><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "APT however considers all known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken " "packages" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The first " "is caused by <command>dpkg</command> missing some subtle relationships " "between packages when performing upgrades. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" " "id=\"0\"/>. The second is if a package installation fails during an " "operation. In this situation a package may have been unpacked without its " "dependents being installed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places " "certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases " "supplying the <literal>-f</literal> option to <command>apt-get</command> " "will cause APT to deduce a possible solution to the problem and then " "continue on. The APT <command>dselect</command> method always supplies the " "<literal>-f</literal> option to allow for easy continuation of failed " "maintainer scripts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "However, if the <literal>-f</literal> option is used to correct a seriously " "broken system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will " "either fail immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either " "case it is necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to " "correct the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "The Status Report" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "Before proceeding <command>apt-get</command> will present a report on what " "will happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being " "performed but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists " "reflect the final state of things, taking into account the " "<literal>-f</literal> option and any other relevant activities to the " "command being executed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "The Extra Package list" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" " libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl\n" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" " ssh\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or " "upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only " "generated for an <literal>install</literal> command. The listed packages are " "often the result of an Auto Install." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "The Packages to Remove" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" " nas xpilot xfig\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed " "from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be " "given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to be taken " "off. The <literal>-f</literal> option is especially good at generating " "packages to remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may " "contain packages that are going to be removed because they are only " "partially installed, possibly due to an aborted installation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "The New Packages list" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" " zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages " "listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is " "done." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "The Kept Back list" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" " gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that " "new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things " "or conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will " "appear in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed there " "to install is with <literal>apt-get install</literal> or by using " "<command>dselect</command> to resolve their problems." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "Held Packages warning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" " cvs\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a " "case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be " "changed. This should only happen during dist-upgrade or install." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "Final summary" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not " "upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" "Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used.\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the " "lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already " "installed that have new versions available. The second line indicates the " "number of poorly configured packages, possibly the result of an aborted " "installation. The final line shows the space requirements that the " "installation needs. The first pair of numbers refer to the size of the " "archive files. The first number indicates the number of bytes that must be " "fetched from remote locations and the second indicates the total size of all " "the archives required. The next number indicates the size difference between " "the presently installed packages and the newly installed packages. It is " "roughly equivalent to the space required in /usr after everything is " "done. If a large number of packages are being removed then the value may " "indicate the amount of space that will be freed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages " "to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "The Status Display" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of " "status messages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> #: guide.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" "Get:2 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ " "Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" "11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The lines starting with <emphasis>Get</emphasis> are printed out when APT " "begins to fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the " "download. The first percent value on the progress line indicates the total " "percent done of all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files " "is unknown <literal>apt-get update</literal> estimates the percent done " "which causes some inaccuracies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download " "thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful " "information about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read " "<emphasis>Forking</emphasis> which means the OS is loading the download " "module. The first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the " "history lines. The next word is the short form name of the object being " "downloaded. For archives it will contain the name of the package that is " "being fetched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress " "of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from " "<emphasis>Connecting</emphasis> to <emphasis>Waiting for file</emphasis> to " "<emphasis>Downloading</emphasis> or <emphasis>Resuming</emphasis>. The final " "value is the number of bytes downloaded from the remote site. Once the " "download begins this is represented as <literal>102/10.2k</literal> " "indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is " "expected. The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve " "space. After the size display is a percent meter for the file itself. The " "second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This values is " "updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for that " "period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated " "regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown transfer " "rate." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback " "on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file " "is started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is unsuitable " "for logging to a file, use the <literal>-q</literal> option to remove the " "status display." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: guide.dbk msgid "Dpkg" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: guide.dbk msgid "" "APT uses <command>dpkg</command> for installing the archives and will switch " "over to the <command>dpkg</command> interface once downloading is " "completed. <command>dpkg</command> will also ask a number of questions as it " "processes the packages and the packages themselves may also ask several " "questions. Before each question there is usually a description of what it is " "asking and the questions are too varied to discuss completely here." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><title> #: offline.dbk msgid "Using APT Offline" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, " "specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> #: offline.dbk msgid "<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #: offline.dbk msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: offline.dbk msgid "Overview" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "Normally APT requires direct access to a Debian archive, either from a local " "media or through a network. Another common complaint is that a Debian " "machine is on a slow link, such as a modem and another machine has a very " "fast connection but they are physically distant." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a " "SuperDisk disc. These discs are not large enough to store the entire Debian " "archive but can easily fit a subset large enough for most users. The idea is " "to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch " "them onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is even " "possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely " "different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <emphasis>remote " "host</emphasis> mean the machine downloading the packages, and " "<emphasis>target host</emphasis> the one with bad or no connection." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "This is achieved by creatively manipulating the APT configuration file. The " "essential premise to tell APT to look on a disc for it's archive files. Note " "that the disc should be formatted with a filesystem that can handle long " "file names such as ext2, fat32 or vfat." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #: offline.dbk msgid "Using APT on both machines" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The " "basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the " "remote machine to fetch the latest package files and decide which packages " "to download. The disk directory structure should look like:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> #: offline.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" " /disc/\n" " archives/\n" " partial/\n" " lists/\n" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" " apt.conf\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: offline.dbk msgid "The configuration file" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and to " "use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should " "contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and " "the status file should be a copy of " "<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> from the <emphasis>target " "host</emphasis>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must use " "copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> must contain the necessary information to make " "APT use the disc:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> #: offline.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" " APT\n" " {\n" " /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it " "tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" "\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" "\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" " the /var/lib/dpkg default */\n" " State \"/disc/\";\n" " State::status \"status\";\n" "\n" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" "\n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" " };\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample " "configuration file in " "<emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</emphasis>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy " "<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> to it. You will also need to " "create the directories outlined in the Overview, " "<emphasis>archives/partial/</emphasis> and " "<emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Then take the disc to the remote " "machine and configure the sources.list. On the remote machine execute the " "following:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> #: offline.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT fetches the package files ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "The dist-upgrade command can be replaced with any other standard APT " "commands, particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end " "such as <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. However this presents a problem in " "communicating your selections back to the local computer." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade " "the target machine. Take the disc back and run:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> #: offline.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT generates a local copy of the cache files ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" " [ Or any other APT command ]\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the " "local one. This is very important!" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying " "disc/status to /var/lib/dpkg/status so that any selections you made on the " "remote machine are updated. I highly recommend that people only make " "selections on the local machine - but this may not always be possible. DO " "NOT copy the status file if dpkg or APT have been run in the mean time!!" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> #: offline.dbk msgid "Using APT and wget" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "<emphasis>wget</emphasis> is a popular and portable download tool that can " "run on nearly any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the " "Debian machine already has a list of available packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "The basic idea is to create a disc that has only the archive files " "downloaded from the remote site. This is done by using the --print-uris " "option to apt-get and then preparing a wget script to actually fetch the " "packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> #: offline.dbk msgid "Operation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are " "required. We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> #: offline.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ]\n" " # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" " # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including " "dselect-upgrade." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to " "execute in order to fetch the necessary archives. This script should be run " "with the current directory as the disc's mount point so as to save the " "output on the disc." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "The remote machine would do something like" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> #: offline.dbk #, no-wrap msgid "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" " [ wait.. ]\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "" "Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine " "installation can proceed using," msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> #: offline.dbk #, no-wrap msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> #: offline.dbk msgid "Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc." msgstr ""