# Translation of apt package man pages # Copyright (C) 2000 Debian Italian l10n team <debian-l10n-italian@lists.debian.org> # This file is distributed under the same license as the apt package. # # Translators: # Eugenia Franzoni <eugenia@linuxcare.com>, 2000 # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: \n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team <deity@lists.debian.org>\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2012-06-06 23:46+0300\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2003-04-26 23:26+0100\n" "Last-Translator: Traduzione di Eugenia Franzoni <eugenia@linuxcare.com>\n" "Language-Team: <debian-l10n-italian@lists.debian.org>\n" "Language: \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:7 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!ENTITY apt-author.team \"\n" " <author>\n" " <othername>APT team</othername>\n" " <contrib></contrib>\n" " </author>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:13 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!ENTITY apt-qapage \"\n" "\t<para>\n" "\t\t<ulink url='http://packages.qa.debian.org/a/apt.html'>QA Page</ulink>\n" "\t</para>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:24 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!-- Boiler plate Bug reporting section -->\n" "<!ENTITY manbugs \"\n" " <refsect1><title>Bugs</title>\n" " <para><ulink url='http://bugs.debian.org/src:apt'>APT bug page</ulink>.\n" " If you wish to report a bug in APT, please see\n" " <filename>/usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt</filename> or the\n" " &reportbug; command.\n" " </para>\n" " </refsect1>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:32 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!-- Boiler plate Author section -->\n" "<!ENTITY manauthor \"\n" " <refsect1><title>Author</title>\n" " <para>APT was written by the APT team <email>apt@packages.debian.org</email>.\n" " </para>\n" " </refsect1>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:42 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!-- Should be used within the option section of the text to\n" " put in the blurb about -h, -v, -c and -o -->\n" "<!ENTITY apt-commonoptions \"\n" " <varlistentry><term><option>-h</option></term>\n" " <term><option>--help</option></term>\n" " <listitem><para>Show a short usage summary.\n" " </para>\n" " </listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:50 #, no-wrap msgid "" " <varlistentry>\n" " <term><option>-v</option></term>\n" " <term><option>--version</option></term>\n" " <listitem><para>Show the program version.\n" " </para>\n" " </listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:62 #, no-wrap msgid "" " <varlistentry>\n" " <term><option>-c</option></term>\n" " <term><option>--config-file</option></term>\n" " <listitem><para>Configuration File; Specify a configuration file to use. \n" " The program will read the default configuration file and then this \n" " configuration file. If configuration settings need to be set before the\n" " default configuration files are parsed specify a file with the <envar>APT_CONFIG</envar>\n" " environment variable. See &apt-conf; for syntax information.\n" " </para>\n" " </listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:74 #, no-wrap msgid "" " <varlistentry>\n" " <term><option>-o</option></term>\n" " <term><option>--option</option></term>\n" " <listitem><para>Set a Configuration Option; This will set an arbitrary\n" " configuration option. The syntax is <option>-o Foo::Bar=bar</option>.\n" " <option>-o</option> and <option>--option</option> can be used multiple\n" " times to set different options.\n" " </para>\n" " </listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:85 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!-- Should be used within the option section of the text to\n" " put in the blurb about -h, -v, -c and -o -->\n" "<!ENTITY apt-cmdblurb \"\n" " <para>All command line options may be set using the configuration file, the\n" " descriptions indicate the configuration option to set. For boolean\n" " options you can override the config file by using something like \n" " <option>-f-</option>,<option>--no-f</option>, <option>-f=no</option>\n" " or several other variations.\n" " </para>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:91 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!ENTITY file-aptconf \"\n" " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>APT configuration file.\n" " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Etc::Main</literal>.</para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:97 #, no-wrap msgid "" " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>APT configuration file fragments.\n" " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:103 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!ENTITY file-cachearchives \"\n" " <varlistentry><term><filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>Storage area for retrieved package files.\n" " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::Archives</literal>.</para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:109 #, no-wrap msgid "" " <varlistentry><term><filename>&cachedir;/archives/partial/</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>Storage area for package files in transit.\n" " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::Archives</literal> (<filename>partial</filename> will be implicitly appended)</para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:119 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!ENTITY file-preferences \"\n" " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>Version preferences file.\n" " This is where you would specify "pinning",\n" " i.e. a preference to get certain packages\n" " from a separate source\n" " or from a different version of a distribution.\n" " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Etc::Preferences</literal>.</para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:125 #, no-wrap msgid "" " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>File fragments for the version preferences.\n" " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Etc::PreferencesParts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:131 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!ENTITY file-sourceslist \"\n" " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>Locations to fetch packages from.\n" " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Etc::SourceList</literal>.</para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:137 #, no-wrap msgid "" " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d/</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>File fragments for locations to fetch packages from.\n" " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Etc::SourceParts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:144 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!ENTITY file-statelists \"\n" " <varlistentry><term><filename>&statedir;/lists/</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>Storage area for state information for each package resource specified in\n" " &sources-list;\n" " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal>.</para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:150 #, no-wrap msgid "" " <varlistentry><term><filename>&statedir;/lists/partial/</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>Storage area for state information in transit.\n" " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> (<filename>partial</filename> will be implicitly appended)</para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:156 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!ENTITY file-trustedgpg \"\n" " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>Keyring of local trusted keys, new keys will be added here.\n" " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Etc::Trusted</literal>.</para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:163 #, no-wrap msgid "" " <varlistentry><term><filename>/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>File fragments for the trusted keys, additional keyrings can\n" " be stored here (by other packages or the administrator).\n" " Configuration Item <literal>Dir::Etc::TrustedParts</literal>.</para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:171 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!ENTITY file-extended_states \"\n" " <varlistentry><term><filename>/var/lib/apt/extended_states</filename></term>\n" " <listitem><para>Status list of auto-installed packages.\n" " Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State::extended_states</literal>.\n" " </para></listitem>\n" " </varlistentry>\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:175 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: This is the section header for the following paragraphs - comparable\n" " to the other headers like NAME and DESCRIPTION and should therefore be uppercase. -->\n" "<!ENTITY translation-title \"TRANSLATION\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:184 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: This is a placeholder. You should write here who has contributed\n" " to the translation in the past, who is responsible now and maybe further information\n" " specially related to your translation. -->\n" "<!ENTITY translation-holder \"\n" " The english translation was done by John Doe <email>john@doe.org</email> in 2009,\n" " 2010 and Daniela Acme <email>daniela@acme.us</email> in 2010 together with the\n" " Debian Dummy l10n Team <email>debian-l10n-dummy@lists.debian.org</email>.\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:195 #, no-wrap msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: As a translation is allowed to have 20% of untranslated/fuzzy strings\n" " in a shipped manpage newer/modified paragraphs will maybe appear in english in\n" " the generated manpage. This sentence is therefore here to tell the reader that this\n" " is not a mistake by the translator - obviously the target is that at least for stable\n" " releases this sentence is not needed. :) -->\n" "<!ENTITY translation-english \"\n" " Note that this translated document may contain untranslated parts.\n" " This is done on purpose, to avoid losing content when the\n" " translation is lagging behind the original content.\n" "\">\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:198 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as in -o=config_string e.g. -o=Debug::" "pkgProblemResolver=1 --> <!ENTITY synopsis-config-string \"config_string\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:201 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as in -c=config_file e.g. -c=./apt.conf --> <!ENTITY " "synopsis-config-file \"config_file\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:204 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as in -t=target_release or pkg/target_release e.g. -" "t=squeeze apt/experimental --> <!ENTITY synopsis-target-release " "\"target_release\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:207 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as in -a=architecture e.g. -a=armel --> <!ENTITY " "synopsis-architecture \"architecture\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:210 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as in apt-get install pkg e.g. apt-get install awesome " "--> <!ENTITY synopsis-pkg \"pkg\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:213 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as in pkg=pkg_version_number e.g. apt=0.8.15 --> <!" "ENTITY synopsis-pkg-ver-number \"pkg_version_number\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:216 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as in apt-cache pkgnames prefix e.g. apt-cache " "pkgnames apt --> <!ENTITY synopsis-prefix \"prefix\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:219 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as in apt-cache search regex e.g. apt-cache search " "awesome --> <!ENTITY synopsis-regex \"regex\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:222 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as in apt-cdrom -d=cdrom_mount_point e.g. apt-cdrom -" "d=/media/cdrom --> <!ENTITY synopsis-cdrom-mount \"cdrom_mount_point\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:225 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as in apt-extracttemplates -t=temporary_directory e.g. " "apt-extracttemplates -t=/tmp --> <!ENTITY synopsis-tmp-directory " "\"temporary_directory\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:228 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as in apt-extracttemplates filename --> <!ENTITY " "synopsis-filename \"filename\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:231 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as parameter for apt-ftparchive e.g. apt-ftparchive " "packages path override-file pathprefix --> <!ENTITY synopsis-path \"path\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:234 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as parameter for apt-ftparchive e.g. apt-ftparchive " "packages path override-file pathprefix --> <!ENTITY synopsis-override " "\"override-file\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:237 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as parameter for apt-ftparchive e.g. apt-ftparchive " "packages path override-file pathprefix --> <!ENTITY synopsis-pathprefix " "\"pathprefix\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:240 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as parameter for apt-ftparchive e.g. apt-ftparchive " "generate section --> <!ENTITY synopsis-section \"section\">" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.ent:243 msgid "" "<!-- TRANSLATOR: used as in apt-key export keyid e.g. apt-key export " "473041FA --> <!ENTITY synopsis-keyid \"keyid\">" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum> #: apt-get.8.xml:26 apt-cache.8.xml:26 apt-key.8.xml:25 apt-mark.8.xml:26 #: apt-secure.8.xml:25 apt-cdrom.8.xml:25 apt-config.8.xml:26 msgid "8" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><refmiscinfo> #: apt-get.8.xml:27 apt-cache.8.xml:27 apt-key.8.xml:26 apt-mark.8.xml:27 #: apt-secure.8.xml:26 apt-cdrom.8.xml:26 apt-config.8.xml:27 #: apt.conf.5.xml:32 apt_preferences.5.xml:26 sources.list.5.xml:27 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:27 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:27 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:27 msgid "APT" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-get.8.xml:33 msgid "APT package handling utility -- command-line interface" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-get.8.xml:38 apt-cache.8.xml:38 apt-key.8.xml:37 apt-mark.8.xml:38 #: apt-secure.8.xml:50 apt-cdrom.8.xml:37 apt-config.8.xml:38 #: apt.conf.5.xml:41 apt_preferences.5.xml:36 sources.list.5.xml:36 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:38 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:38 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:38 msgid "Description" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:39 msgid "" "<command>apt-get</command> is the command-line tool for handling packages, " "and may be considered the user's \"back-end\" to other tools using the APT " "library. Several \"front-end\" interfaces exist, such as &dselect;, " "&aptitude;, &synaptic; and &wajig;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:44 apt-cache.8.xml:44 apt-cdrom.8.xml:51 apt-config.8.xml:44 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:54 msgid "" "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is given, " "one of the commands below must be present." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:49 msgid "" "<literal>update</literal> is used to resynchronize the package index files " "from their sources. The indexes of available packages are fetched from the " "location(s) specified in <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. For " "example, when using a Debian archive, this command retrieves and scans the " "<filename>Packages.gz</filename> files, so that information about new and " "updated packages is available. An <literal>update</literal> should always be " "performed before an <literal>upgrade</literal> or <literal>dist-upgrade</" "literal>. Please be aware that the overall progress meter will be incorrect " "as the size of the package files cannot be known in advance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:61 msgid "" "<literal>upgrade</literal> is used to install the newest versions of all " "packages currently installed on the system from the sources enumerated in " "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>. Packages currently installed " "with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no " "circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not " "already installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently " "installed packages that cannot be upgraded without changing the install " "status of another package will be left at their current version. An " "<literal>update</literal> must be performed first so that <command>apt-get</" "command> knows that new versions of packages are available." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:74 msgid "" "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> in addition to performing the function of " "<literal>upgrade</literal>, also intelligently handles changing dependencies " "with new versions of packages; <command>apt-get</command> has a \"smart\" " "conflict resolution system, and it will attempt to upgrade the most " "important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. The " "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> command may therefore remove some packages. " "The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file contains a list of " "locations from which to retrieve desired package files. See also &apt-" "preferences; for a mechanism for overriding the general settings for " "individual packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:87 msgid "" "<literal>dselect-upgrade</literal> is used in conjunction with the " "traditional Debian packaging front-end, &dselect;. <literal>dselect-upgrade</" "literal> follows the changes made by &dselect; to the <literal>Status</" "literal> field of available packages, and performs the actions necessary to " "realize that state (for instance, the removal of old and the installation of " "new packages)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:98 msgid "" "<literal>install</literal> is followed by one or more packages desired for " "installation or upgrading. Each package is a package name, not a fully " "qualified filename (for instance, in a Debian system, <package>apt-utils</" "package> would be the argument provided, not <filename>apt-utils_&apt-" "product-version;_amd64.deb</filename>). All packages required by the package" "(s) specified for installation will also be retrieved and installed. The " "<filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename> file is used to locate the " "desired packages. If a hyphen is appended to the package name (with no " "intervening space), the identified package will be removed if it is " "installed. Similarly a plus sign can be used to designate a package to " "install. These latter features may be used to override decisions made by apt-" "get's conflict resolution system." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:116 msgid "" "A specific version of a package can be selected for installation by " "following the package name with an equals and the version of the package to " "select. This will cause that version to be located and selected for install. " "Alternatively a specific distribution can be selected by following the " "package name with a slash and the version of the distribution or the Archive " "name (stable, testing, unstable)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:123 msgid "" "Both of the version selection mechanisms can downgrade packages and must be " "used with care." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:126 msgid "" "This is also the target to use if you want to upgrade one or more already-" "installed packages without upgrading every package you have on your system. " "Unlike the \"upgrade\" target, which installs the newest version of all " "currently installed packages, \"install\" will install the newest version of " "only the package(s) specified. Simply provide the name of the package(s) " "you wish to upgrade, and if a newer version is available, it (and its " "dependencies, as described above) will be downloaded and installed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:137 msgid "" "Finally, the &apt-preferences; mechanism allows you to create an alternative " "installation policy for individual packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:141 msgid "" "If no package matches the given expression and the expression contains one " "of '.', '?' or '*' then it is assumed to be a POSIX regular expression, and " "it is applied to all package names in the database. Any matches are then " "installed (or removed). Note that matching is done by substring so 'lo.*' " "matches 'how-lo' and 'lowest'. If this is undesired, anchor the regular " "expression with a '^' or '$' character, or create a more specific regular " "expression." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:151 msgid "" "<literal>remove</literal> is identical to <literal>install</literal> except " "that packages are removed instead of installed. Note that removing a package " "leaves its configuration files on the system. If a plus sign is appended to " "the package name (with no intervening space), the identified package will be " "installed instead of removed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:159 msgid "" "<literal>purge</literal> is identical to <literal>remove</literal> except " "that packages are removed and purged (any configuration files are deleted " "too)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:164 msgid "" "<literal>source</literal> causes <command>apt-get</command> to fetch source " "packages. APT will examine the available packages to decide which source " "package to fetch. It will then find and download into the current directory " "the newest available version of that source package while respecting the " "default release, set with the option <literal>APT::Default-Release</" "literal>, the <option>-t</option> option or per package with the " "<literal>pkg/release</literal> syntax, if possible." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:172 msgid "" "Source packages are tracked separately from binary packages via <literal>deb-" "src</literal> lines in the &sources-list; file. This means that you will " "need to add such a line for each repository you want to get sources from; " "otherwise you will probably get either the wrong (too old/too new) source " "versions or none at all." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:178 msgid "" "If the <option>--compile</option> option is specified then the package will " "be compiled to a binary .deb using <command>dpkg-buildpackage</command> for " "the architecture as defined by the <command>--host-architecture</command> " "option. If <option>--download-only</option> is specified then the source " "package will not be unpacked." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:185 msgid "" "A specific source version can be retrieved by postfixing the source name " "with an equals and then the version to fetch, similar to the mechanism used " "for the package files. This enables exact matching of the source package " "name and version, implicitly enabling the <literal>APT::Get::Only-Source</" "literal> option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:191 msgid "" "Note that source packages are not installed and tracked in the " "<command>dpkg</command> database like binary packages; they are simply " "downloaded to the current directory, like source tarballs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:197 msgid "" "<literal>build-dep</literal> causes apt-get to install/remove packages in an " "attempt to satisfy the build dependencies for a source package. By default " "the dependencies are satisfied to build the package natively. If desired a " "host-architecture can be specified with the <option>--host-architecture</" "option> option instead." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:204 msgid "" "<literal>check</literal> is a diagnostic tool; it updates the package cache " "and checks for broken dependencies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:209 msgid "" "<literal>download</literal> will download the given binary package into the " "current directory." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:215 msgid "" "<literal>clean</literal> clears out the local repository of retrieved " "package files. It removes everything but the lock file from " "<filename>&cachedir;/archives/</filename> and <filename>&cachedir;/archives/" "partial/</filename>. When APT is used as a &dselect; method, <literal>clean</" "literal> is run automatically. Those who do not use dselect will likely " "want to run <literal>apt-get clean</literal> from time to time to free up " "disk space." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:225 msgid "" "Like <literal>clean</literal>, <literal>autoclean</literal> clears out the " "local repository of retrieved package files. The difference is that it only " "removes package files that can no longer be downloaded, and are largely " "useless. This allows a cache to be maintained over a long period without it " "growing out of control. The configuration option <literal>APT::Clean-" "Installed</literal> will prevent installed packages from being erased if it " "is set to off." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:235 msgid "" "<literal>autoremove</literal> is used to remove packages that were " "automatically installed to satisfy dependencies for other packages and are " "now no longer needed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:240 msgid "" "<literal>changelog</literal> downloads a package changelog and displays it " "through <command>sensible-pager</command>. The server name and base " "directory is defined in the <literal>APT::Changelogs::Server</literal> " "variable (e.g. <ulink url=\"http://packages.debian.org/changelogs\">packages." "debian.org/changelogs</ulink> for Debian or <ulink url=\"http://changelogs." "ubuntu.com/changelogs\">changelogs.ubuntu.com/changelogs</ulink> for " "Ubuntu). By default it displays the changelog for the version that is " "installed. However, you can specify the same options as for the " "<option>install</option> command." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-get.8.xml:258 apt-cache.8.xml:248 apt-mark.8.xml:108 #: apt-config.8.xml:84 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:52 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:48 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:504 msgid "options" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:263 msgid "" "Do not consider recommended packages as a dependency for installing. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Install-Recommends</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:268 msgid "" "Consider suggested packages as a dependency for installing. Configuration " "Item: <literal>APT::Install-Suggests</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:273 msgid "" "Download only; package files are only retrieved, not unpacked or installed. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Download-Only</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:278 msgid "" "Fix; attempt to correct a system with broken dependencies in place. This " "option, when used with install/remove, can omit any packages to permit APT " "to deduce a likely solution. If packages are specified, these have to " "completely correct the problem. The option is sometimes necessary when " "running APT for the first time; APT itself does not allow broken package " "dependencies to exist on a system. It is possible that a system's dependency " "structure can be so corrupt as to require manual intervention (which usually " "means using &dselect; or <command>dpkg --remove</command> to eliminate some " "of the offending packages). Use of this option together with <option>-m</" "option> may produce an error in some situations. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Fix-Broken</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:293 msgid "" "Ignore missing packages; if packages cannot be retrieved or fail the " "integrity check after retrieval (corrupted package files), hold back those " "packages and handle the result. Use of this option together with <option>-f</" "option> may produce an error in some situations. If a package is selected " "for installation (particularly if it is mentioned on the command line) and " "it could not be downloaded then it will be silently held back. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Fix-Missing</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:304 msgid "" "Disables downloading of packages. This is best used with <option>--ignore-" "missing</option> to force APT to use only the .debs it has already " "downloaded. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Download</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:311 msgid "" "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. " "More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use " "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration " "file. Note that quiet level 2 implies <option>-y</option>; you should never " "use -qq without a no-action modifier such as -d, --print-uris or -s as APT " "may decide to do something you did not expect. Configuration Item: " "<literal>quiet</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:326 msgid "" "No action; perform a simulation of events that would occur but do not " "actually change the system. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" "Simulate</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:330 msgid "" "Simulated runs performed as a user will automatically deactivate locking " "(<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal>), and if the option <literal>APT::Get::" "Show-User-Simulation-Note</literal> is set (as it is by default) a notice " "will also be displayed indicating that this is only a simulation. Runs " "performed as root do not trigger either NoLocking or the notice - superusers " "should know what they are doing without further warnings from <literal>apt-" "get</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:338 msgid "" "Simulated runs print out a series of lines, each representing a " "<command>dpkg</command> operation: configure (<literal>Conf</literal>), " "remove (<literal>Remv</literal>) or unpack (<literal>Inst</literal>). " "Square brackets indicate broken packages, and empty square brackets indicate " "breaks that are of no consequence (rare)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:346 msgid "" "Automatic yes to prompts; assume \"yes\" as answer to all prompts and run " "non-interactively. If an undesirable situation, such as changing a held " "package, trying to install a unauthenticated package or removing an " "essential package occurs then <literal>apt-get</literal> will abort. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:354 msgid "" "Automatic \"no\" to all prompts. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" "Assume-No</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:359 msgid "" "Show upgraded packages; print out a list of all packages that are to be " "upgraded. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Show-Upgraded</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:365 msgid "" "Show full versions for upgraded and installed packages. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Show-Versions</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:371 msgid "" "This option controls the architecture packages are built for by <command>apt-" "get source --compile</command> and how cross-builddependencies are " "satisfied. By default is it not set which means that the host architecture " "is the same as the build architecture (which is defined by <literal>APT::" "Architecture</literal>). Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Host-" "Architecture</literal>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:381 msgid "" "Compile source packages after downloading them. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Compile</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:386 msgid "" "Ignore package holds; this causes <command>apt-get</command> to ignore a " "hold placed on a package. This may be useful in conjunction with " "<literal>dist-upgrade</literal> to override a large number of undesired " "holds. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Ignore-Hold</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:393 msgid "" "Do not upgrade packages; when used in conjunction with <literal>install</" "literal>, <literal>no-upgrade</literal> will prevent packages on the command " "line from being upgraded if they are already installed. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Upgrade</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:400 msgid "" "Do not install new packages; when used in conjunction with <literal>install</" "literal>, <literal>only-upgrade</literal> will install upgrades for already " "installed packages only and ignore requests to install new packages. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Only-Upgrade</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:408 msgid "" "Force yes; this is a dangerous option that will cause apt to continue " "without prompting if it is doing something potentially harmful. It should " "not be used except in very special situations. Using <literal>force-yes</" "literal> can potentially destroy your system! Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::force-yes</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:416 msgid "" "Instead of fetching the files to install their URIs are printed. Each URI " "will have the path, the destination file name, the size and the expected MD5 " "hash. Note that the file name to write to will not always match the file " "name on the remote site! This also works with the <literal>source</literal> " "and <literal>update</literal> commands. When used with the <literal>update</" "literal> command the MD5 and size are not included, and it is up to the user " "to decompress any compressed files. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" "Print-URIs</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:427 msgid "" "Use purge instead of remove for anything that would be removed. An asterisk " "(\"*\") will be displayed next to packages which are scheduled to be purged. " "<option>remove --purge</option> is equivalent to the <option>purge</option> " "command. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Purge</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:435 msgid "" "Re-install packages that are already installed and at the newest version. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::ReInstall</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:440 msgid "" "This option is on by default; use <literal>--no-list-cleanup</literal> to " "turn it off. When it is on, <command>apt-get</command> will automatically " "manage the contents of <filename>&statedir;/lists</filename> to ensure that " "obsolete files are erased. The only reason to turn it off is if you " "frequently change your sources list. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" "List-Cleanup</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:450 msgid "" "This option controls the default input to the policy engine; it creates a " "default pin at priority 990 using the specified release string. This " "overrides the general settings in <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</" "filename>. Specifically pinned packages are not affected by the value of " "this option. In short, this option lets you have simple control over which " "distribution packages will be retrieved from. Some common examples might be " "<option>-t '2.1*'</option>, <option>-t unstable</option> or <option>-t sid</" "option>. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Default-Release</literal>; see " "also the &apt-preferences; manual page." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:465 msgid "" "Only perform operations that are 'trivial'. Logically this can be considered " "related to <option>--assume-yes</option>; where <option>--assume-yes</" "option> will answer yes to any prompt, <option>--trivial-only</option> will " "answer no. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Trivial-Only</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:472 msgid "" "If any packages are to be removed apt-get immediately aborts without " "prompting. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Remove</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:478 msgid "" "If the command is either <literal>install</literal> or <literal>remove</" "literal>, then this option acts like running the <literal>autoremove</" "literal> command, removing unused dependency packages. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::AutomaticRemove</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:485 msgid "" "Only has meaning for the <literal>source</literal> and <literal>build-dep</" "literal> commands. Indicates that the given source names are not to be " "mapped through the binary table. This means that if this option is " "specified, these commands will only accept source package names as " "arguments, rather than accepting binary package names and looking up the " "corresponding source package. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::Only-" "Source</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:496 msgid "" "Download only the diff, dsc, or tar file of a source archive. Configuration " "Item: <literal>APT::Get::Diff-Only</literal>, <literal>APT::Get::Dsc-Only</" "literal>, and <literal>APT::Get::Tar-Only</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:502 msgid "" "Only process architecture-dependent build-dependencies. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Get::Arch-Only</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:507 msgid "" "Ignore if packages can't be authenticated and don't prompt about it. This " "is useful for tools like pbuilder. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Get::" "AllowUnauthenticated</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-get.8.xml:518 apt-cache.8.xml:343 apt-key.8.xml:174 apt-mark.8.xml:125 #: apt.conf.5.xml:1118 apt_preferences.5.xml:698 msgid "Files" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-get.8.xml:528 apt-cache.8.xml:350 apt-key.8.xml:195 apt-mark.8.xml:131 #: apt-secure.8.xml:191 apt-cdrom.8.xml:144 apt-config.8.xml:109 #: apt.conf.5.xml:1124 apt_preferences.5.xml:705 sources.list.5.xml:252 #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:70 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:63 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:607 msgid "See Also" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:529 msgid "" "&apt-cache;, &apt-cdrom;, &dpkg;, &dselect;, &sources-list;, &apt-conf;, " "&apt-config;, &apt-secure;, The APT User's guide in &guidesdir;, &apt-" "preferences;, the APT Howto." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-get.8.xml:534 apt-cache.8.xml:355 apt-mark.8.xml:135 #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:149 apt-config.8.xml:114 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:74 #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:67 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:611 msgid "Diagnostics" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-get.8.xml:535 msgid "" "<command>apt-get</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on " "error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-cache.8.xml:33 msgid "query the APT cache" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:39 msgid "" "<command>apt-cache</command> performs a variety of operations on APT's " "package cache. <command>apt-cache</command> does not manipulate the state of " "the system but does provide operations to search and generate interesting " "output from the package metadata." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:49 msgid "" "<literal>gencaches</literal> creates APT's package cache. This is done " "implicitly by all commands needing this cache if it is missing or outdated." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><replaceable> #: apt-cache.8.xml:53 apt-cache.8.xml:142 apt-cache.8.xml:163 #: apt-cache.8.xml:185 apt-cache.8.xml:190 apt-cache.8.xml:206 #: apt-cache.8.xml:224 apt-cache.8.xml:236 msgid "&synopsis-pkg;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:54 msgid "" "<literal>showpkg</literal> displays information about the packages listed on " "the command line. Remaining arguments are package names. The available " "versions and reverse dependencies of each package listed are listed, as well " "as forward dependencies for each version. Forward (normal) dependencies are " "those packages upon which the package in question depends; reverse " "dependencies are those packages that depend upon the package in question. " "Thus, forward dependencies must be satisfied for a package, but reverse " "dependencies need not be. For instance, <command>apt-cache showpkg " "libreadline2</command> would produce output similar to the following:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting> #: apt-cache.8.xml:66 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: libreadline2\n" "Versions: 2.1-12(/var/state/apt/lists/foo_Packages),\n" "Reverse Depends: \n" " libreadlineg2,libreadline2\n" " libreadline2-altdev,libreadline2\n" "Dependencies:\n" "2.1-12 - libc5 (2 5.4.0-0) ncurses3.0 (0 (null))\n" "Provides:\n" "2.1-12 - \n" "Reverse Provides: \n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:78 msgid "" "Thus it may be seen that libreadline2, version 2.1-12, depends on libc5 and " "ncurses3.0 which must be installed for libreadline2 to work. In turn, " "libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev depend on libreadline2. If " "libreadline2 is installed, libc5 and ncurses3.0 (and ldso) must also be " "installed; libreadlineg2 and libreadline2-altdev do not have to be " "installed. For the specific meaning of the remainder of the output it is " "best to consult the apt source code." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:87 msgid "" "<literal>stats</literal> displays some statistics about the cache. No " "further arguments are expected. Statistics reported are:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:90 msgid "" "<literal>Total package names</literal> is the number of package names found " "in the cache." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:94 msgid "" "<literal>Normal packages</literal> is the number of regular, ordinary " "package names; these are packages that bear a one-to-one correspondence " "between their names and the names used by other packages for them in " "dependencies. The majority of packages fall into this category." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:100 msgid "" "<literal>Pure virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that " "exist only as a virtual package name; that is, packages only \"provide\" the " "virtual package name, and no package actually uses the name. For instance, " "\"mail-transport-agent\" in the Debian system is a pure virtual package; " "several packages provide \"mail-transport-agent\", but there is no package " "named \"mail-transport-agent\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:108 msgid "" "<literal>Single virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages with " "only one package providing a particular virtual package. For example, in the " "Debian system, \"X11-text-viewer\" is a virtual package, but only one " "package, xless, provides \"X11-text-viewer\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:114 msgid "" "<literal>Mixed virtual packages</literal> is the number of packages that " "either provide a particular virtual package or have the virtual package name " "as the package name. For instance, in the Debian system, \"debconf\" is both " "an actual package, and provided by the debconf-tiny package." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:121 msgid "" "<literal>Missing</literal> is the number of package names that were " "referenced in a dependency but were not provided by any package. Missing " "packages may be an evidence if a full distribution is not accessed, or if a " "package (real or virtual) has been dropped from the distribution. Usually " "they are referenced from Conflicts or Breaks statements." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:128 msgid "" "<literal>Total distinct</literal> versions is the number of package versions " "found in the cache; this value is therefore at least equal to the number of " "total package names. If more than one distribution is being accessed (for " "instance, \"stable\" and \"unstable\"), this value can be considerably " "larger than the number of total package names." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:135 msgid "" "<literal>Total dependencies</literal> is the number of dependency " "relationships claimed by all of the packages in the cache." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:143 msgid "" "<literal>showsrc</literal> displays all the source package records that " "match the given package names. All versions are shown, as well as all " "records that declare the name to be a binary package." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:149 msgid "" "<literal>dump</literal> shows a short listing of every package in the cache. " "It is primarily for debugging." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:154 msgid "" "<literal>dumpavail</literal> prints out an available list to stdout. This is " "suitable for use with &dpkg; and is used by the &dselect; method." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:159 msgid "" "<literal>unmet</literal> displays a summary of all unmet dependencies in the " "package cache." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:164 msgid "" "<literal>show</literal> performs a function similar to <command>dpkg --print-" "avail</command>; it displays the package records for the named packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><replaceable> #: apt-cache.8.xml:169 msgid "&synopsis-regex;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:170 msgid "" "<literal>search</literal> performs a full text search on all available " "package lists for the POSIX regex pattern given, see ®ex;. It searches " "the package names and the descriptions for an occurrence of the regular " "expression and prints out the package name and the short description, " "including virtual package names. If <option>--full</option> is given then " "output identical to <literal>show</literal> is produced for each matched " "package, and if <option>--names-only</option> is given then the long " "description is not searched, only the package name is." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:181 msgid "" "Separate arguments can be used to specify multiple search patterns that are " "and'ed together." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:186 msgid "" "<literal>depends</literal> shows a listing of each dependency a package has " "and all the possible other packages that can fulfill that dependency." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:191 msgid "" "<literal>rdepends</literal> shows a listing of each reverse dependency a " "package has." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt-cache.8.xml:195 msgid "<optional><replaceable>&synopsis-prefix;</replaceable></optional>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:196 msgid "" "This command prints the name of each package APT knows. The optional " "argument is a prefix match to filter the name list. The output is suitable " "for use in a shell tab complete function and the output is generated " "extremely quickly. This command is best used with the <option>--generate</" "option> option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:201 msgid "" "Note that a package which APT knows of is not necessarily available to " "download, installable or installed, e.g. virtual packages are also listed in " "the generated list." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:207 msgid "" "<literal>dotty</literal> takes a list of packages on the command line and " "generates output suitable for use by dotty from the <ulink url=\"http://www." "research.att.com/sw/tools/graphviz/\">GraphViz</ulink> package. The result " "will be a set of nodes and edges representing the relationships between the " "packages. By default the given packages will trace out all dependent " "packages; this can produce a very large graph. To limit the output to only " "the packages listed on the command line, set the <literal>APT::Cache::" "GivenOnly</literal> option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:216 msgid "" "The resulting nodes will have several shapes; normal packages are boxes, " "pure virtual packages are triangles, mixed virtual packages are diamonds, " "missing packages are hexagons. Orange boxes mean recursion was stopped (leaf " "packages), blue lines are pre-depends, green lines are conflicts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:221 msgid "Caution, dotty cannot graph larger sets of packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:225 msgid "" "The same as <literal>dotty</literal>, only for xvcg from the <ulink url=" "\"http://rw4.cs.uni-sb.de/users/sander/html/gsvcg1.html\">VCG tool</ulink>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt-cache.8.xml:229 msgid "<optional><replaceable>&synopsis-pkg;</replaceable>…</optional>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:230 msgid "" "<literal>policy</literal> is meant to help debug issues relating to the " "preferences file. With no arguments it will print out the priorities of each " "source. Otherwise it prints out detailed information about the priority " "selection of the named package." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:237 msgid "" "<literal>apt-cache</literal>'s <literal>madison</literal> command attempts " "to mimic the output format and a subset of the functionality of the Debian " "archive management tool, <literal>madison</literal>. It displays available " "versions of a package in a tabular format. Unlike the original " "<literal>madison</literal>, it can only display information for the " "architecture for which APT has retrieved package lists (<literal>APT::" "Architecture</literal>)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:253 msgid "" "Select the file to store the package cache. The package cache is the primary " "cache used by all operations. Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::" "pkgcache</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:259 msgid "" "Select the file to store the source cache. The source is used only by " "<literal>gencaches</literal> and it stores a parsed version of the package " "information from remote sources. When building the package cache the source " "cache is used to avoid reparsing all of the package files. Configuration " "Item: <literal>Dir::Cache::srcpkgcache</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:267 msgid "" "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. " "More q's will produce more quietness up to a maximum of 2. You can also use " "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quietness level, overriding the " "configuration file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:274 msgid "" "Print only important dependencies; for use with <literal>unmet</literal> and " "<literal>depends</literal>. Causes only Depends and Pre-Depends relations to " "be printed. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Important</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:288 msgid "" "Per default the <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> " "print all dependencies. This can be tweaked with these flags which will omit " "the specified dependency type. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::" "Show<replaceable>DependencyType</replaceable></literal> e.g. <literal>APT::" "Cache::ShowRecommends</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:295 msgid "" "Print full package records when searching. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Cache::ShowFull</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:300 msgid "" "Print full records for all available versions. This is the default; to turn " "it off, use <option>--no-all-versions</option>. If <option>--no-all-" "versions</option> is specified, only the candidate version will be displayed " "(the one which would be selected for installation). This option is only " "applicable to the <literal>show</literal> command. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Cache::AllVersions</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:309 msgid "" "Perform automatic package cache regeneration, rather than use the cache as " "it is. This is the default; to turn it off, use <option>--no-generate</" "option>. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::Generate</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:315 msgid "" "Only search on the package names, not the long descriptions. Configuration " "Item: <literal>APT::Cache::NamesOnly</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:320 msgid "" "Make <literal>pkgnames</literal> print all names, including virtual packages " "and missing dependencies. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::Cache::" "AllNames</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:326 msgid "" "Make <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</literal> recursive so " "that all packages mentioned are printed once. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Cache::RecurseDepends</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:333 msgid "" "Limit the output of <literal>depends</literal> and <literal>rdepends</" "literal> to packages which are currently installed. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::Cache::Installed</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:351 msgid "&apt-conf;, &sources-list;, &apt-get;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cache.8.xml:356 msgid "" "<command>apt-cache</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 " "on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-key.8.xml:32 msgid "APT key management utility" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:39 msgid "" "<command>apt-key</command> is used to manage the list of keys used by apt to " "authenticate packages. Packages which have been authenticated using these " "keys will be considered trusted." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-key.8.xml:45 msgid "Commands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:50 msgid "" "Add a new key to the list of trusted keys. The key is read from the " "filename given with the parameter &synopsis-param-filename; or if the " "filename is <literal>-</literal> from standard input." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:63 msgid "Remove a key from the list of trusted keys." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:74 msgid "Output the key &synopsis-param-keyid; to standard output." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:85 msgid "Output all trusted keys to standard output." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:96 msgid "List trusted keys." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:107 msgid "List fingerprints of trusted keys." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:118 msgid "" "Pass advanced options to gpg. With adv --recv-key you can download the " "public key." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:130 msgid "" "Update the local keyring with the archive keyring and remove from the local " "keyring the archive keys which are no longer valid. The archive keyring is " "shipped in the <literal>archive-keyring</literal> package of your " "distribution, e.g. the <literal>debian-archive-keyring</literal> package in " "Debian." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:144 msgid "" "Perform an update working similarly to the <command>update</command> command " "above, but get the archive keyring from a URI instead and validate it " "against a master key. This requires an installed &wget; and an APT build " "configured to have a server to fetch from and a master keyring to validate. " "APT in Debian does not support this command, relying on <command>update</" "command> instead, but Ubuntu's APT does." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-key.8.xml:160 apt-cdrom.8.xml:80 msgid "Options" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:161 msgid "" "Note that options need to be defined before the commands described in the " "previous section." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:164 msgid "" "With this option it is possible to specify a particular keyring file the " "command should operate on. The default is that a command is executed on the " "<filename>trusted.gpg</filename> file as well as on all parts in the " "<filename>trusted.gpg.d</filename> directory, though <filename>trusted.gpg</" "filename> is the primary keyring which means that e.g. new keys are added to " "this one." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt-key.8.xml:179 msgid "<filename>/etc/apt/trustdb.gpg</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:180 msgid "Local trust database of archive keys." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt-key.8.xml:183 msgid "<filename>/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-keyring.gpg</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:184 msgid "Keyring of Debian archive trusted keys." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt-key.8.xml:187 msgid "" "<filename>/usr/share/keyrings/debian-archive-removed-keys.gpg</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:188 msgid "Keyring of Debian archive removed trusted keys." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-key.8.xml:197 msgid "&apt-get;, &apt-secure;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-mark.8.xml:33 msgid "mark/unmark a package as being automatically-installed" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml:39 msgid "" "<command>apt-mark</command> will change whether a package has been marked as " "being automatically installed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml:43 msgid "" "When you request that a package is installed, and as a result other packages " "are installed to satisfy its dependencies, the dependencies are marked as " "being automatically installed. Once these automatically installed packages " "are no longer depended on by any manually installed packages, they will be " "removed by e.g. <command>apt-get</command> or <command>aptitude</command>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml:52 msgid "" "<literal>auto</literal> is used to mark a package as being automatically " "installed, which will cause the package to be removed when no more manually " "installed packages depend on this package." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml:60 msgid "" "<literal>manual</literal> is used to mark a package as being manually " "installed, which will prevent the package from being automatically removed " "if no other packages depend on it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml:68 msgid "" "<literal>hold</literal> is used to mark a package as held back, which will " "prevent the package from being automatically installed, upgraded or " "removed. The command is only a wrapper around <command>dpkg --set-" "selections</command> and the state is therefore maintained by &dpkg; and not " "affected by the <option>--file</option> option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml:78 msgid "" "<literal>unhold</literal> is used to cancel a previously set hold on a " "package to allow all actions again." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml:84 msgid "" "<literal>showauto</literal> is used to print a list of automatically " "installed packages with each package on a new line. All automatically " "installed packages will be listed if no package is given. If packages are " "given only those which are automatically installed will be shown." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml:92 msgid "" "<literal>showmanual</literal> can be used in the same way as " "<literal>showauto</literal> except that it will print a list of manually " "installed packages instead." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml:99 msgid "" "<literal>showhold</literal> is used to print a list of packages on hold in " "the same way as for the other show commands." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml:115 msgid "" "Read/Write package stats from the filename given with the parameter " "&synopsis-param-filename; instead of from the default location, which is " "<filename>extended_status</filename> in the directory defined by the " "Configuration Item: <literal>Dir::State</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-mark.8.xml:136 msgid "" "<command>apt-mark</command> returns zero on normal operation, non-zero on " "error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-secure.8.xml:47 msgid "Archive authentication support for APT" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:52 msgid "" "Starting with version 0.6, <command>apt</command> contains code that does " "signature checking of the Release file for all archives. This ensures that " "packages in the archive can't be modified by people who have no access to " "the Release file signing key." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:60 msgid "" "If a package comes from a archive without a signature, or with a signature " "that apt does not have a key for, that package is considered untrusted, and " "installing it will result in a big warning. <command>apt-get</command> will " "currently only warn for unsigned archives; future releases might force all " "sources to be verified before downloading packages from them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:69 msgid "" "The package frontends &apt-get;, &aptitude; and &synaptic; support this new " "authentication feature." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-secure.8.xml:74 msgid "Trusted archives" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:77 msgid "" "The chain of trust from an apt archive to the end user is made up of several " "steps. <command>apt-secure</command> is the last step in this chain; " "trusting an archive does not mean that you trust its packages not to contain " "malicious code, but means that you trust the archive maintainer. It's the " "archive maintainer's responsibility to ensure that the archive's integrity " "is preserved." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:85 msgid "" "apt-secure does not review signatures at a package level. If you require " "tools to do this you should look at <command>debsig-verify</command> and " "<command>debsign</command> (provided in the debsig-verify and devscripts " "packages respectively)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:92 msgid "" "The chain of trust in Debian starts when a maintainer uploads a new package " "or a new version of a package to the Debian archive. In order to become " "effective, this upload needs to be signed by a key contained in the Debian " "Maintainers keyring (available in the debian-keyring package). Maintainers' " "keys are signed by other maintainers following pre-established procedures to " "ensure the identity of the key holder." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:102 msgid "" "Once the uploaded package is verified and included in the archive, the " "maintainer signature is stripped off, and checksums of the package are " "computed and put in the Packages file. The checksums of all of the Packages " "files are then computed and put into the Release file. The Release file is " "then signed by the archive key for this Debian release and distributed " "alongside the packages and the Packages files on Debian mirrors. The keys " "are in the Debian archive keyring available in the <package>debian-archive-" "keyring</package> package." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:113 msgid "" "End users can check the signature of the Release file, extract a checksum of " "a package from it and compare it with the checksum of the package they " "downloaded by hand - or rely on APT doing this automatically." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:118 msgid "" "Notice that this is distinct from checking signatures on a per package " "basis. It is designed to prevent two possible attacks:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:123 msgid "" "<literal>Network \"man in the middle\" attacks</literal>. Without signature " "checking, malicious agents can introduce themselves into the package " "download process and provide malicious software either by controlling a " "network element (router, switch, etc.) or by redirecting traffic to a rogue " "server (through ARP or DNS spoofing attacks)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:131 msgid "" "<literal>Mirror network compromise</literal>. Without signature checking, a " "malicious agent can compromise a mirror host and modify the files in it to " "propagate malicious software to all users downloading packages from that " "host." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:138 msgid "" "However, it does not defend against a compromise of the Debian master server " "itself (which signs the packages) or against a compromise of the key used to " "sign the Release files. In any case, this mechanism can complement a per-" "package signature." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-secure.8.xml:144 msgid "User configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:146 msgid "" "<command>apt-key</command> is the program that manages the list of keys used " "by apt. It can be used to add or remove keys, although an installation of " "this release will automatically contain the default Debian archive signing " "keys used in the Debian package repositories." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:153 msgid "" "In order to add a new key you need to first download it (you should make " "sure you are using a trusted communication channel when retrieving it), add " "it with <command>apt-key</command> and then run <command>apt-get update</" "command> so that apt can download and verify the <filename>InRelease</" "filename> or <filename>Release.gpg</filename> files from the archives you " "have configured." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-secure.8.xml:162 msgid "Archive configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:164 msgid "" "If you want to provide archive signatures in an archive under your " "maintenance you have to:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:169 msgid "" "<emphasis>Create a toplevel Release file</emphasis>, if it does not exist " "already. You can do this by running <command>apt-ftparchive release</" "command> (provided in apt-utils)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:174 msgid "" "<emphasis>Sign it</emphasis>. You can do this by running <command>gpg --" "clearsign -o InRelease Release</command> and <command>gpg -abs -o Release." "gpg Release</command>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:178 msgid "" "<emphasis>Publish the key fingerprint</emphasis>, that way your users will " "know what key they need to import in order to authenticate the files in the " "archive." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:185 msgid "" "Whenever the contents of the archive change (new packages are added or " "removed) the archive maintainer has to follow the first two steps outlined " "above." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:193 msgid "" "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;, &apt-key;, &apt-ftparchive;, " "&debsign; &debsig-verify;, &gpg;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:197 msgid "" "For more background information you might want to review the <ulink url=" "\"http://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/securing-debian-howto/ch7\">Debian " "Security Infrastructure</ulink> chapter of the Securing Debian Manual " "(available also in the harden-doc package) and the <ulink url=\"http://www." "cryptnet.net/fdp/crypto/strong_distro.html\" >Strong Distribution HOWTO</" "ulink> by V. Alex Brennen." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-secure.8.xml:210 msgid "Manpage Authors" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-secure.8.xml:212 msgid "" "This man-page is based on the work of Javier Fernández-Sanguino Peña, Isaac " "Jones, Colin Walters, Florian Weimer and Michael Vogt." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:32 msgid "APT CD-ROM management utility" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:38 msgid "" "<command>apt-cdrom</command> is used to add a new CD-ROM to APT's list of " "available sources. <command>apt-cdrom</command> takes care of determining " "the structure of the disc as well as correcting for several possible mis-" "burns and verifying the index files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:45 msgid "" "It is necessary to use <command>apt-cdrom</command> to add CDs to the APT " "system; it cannot be done by hand. Furthermore each disc in a multi-CD set " "must be inserted and scanned separately to account for possible mis-burns." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:56 msgid "" "<literal>add</literal> is used to add a new disc to the source list. It will " "unmount the CD-ROM device, prompt for a disc to be inserted and then proceed " "to scan it and copy the index files. If the disc does not have a proper " "<filename>.disk</filename> directory you will be prompted for a descriptive " "title." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:64 msgid "" "APT uses a CD-ROM ID to track which disc is currently in the drive and " "maintains a database of these IDs in <filename>&statedir;/cdroms.list</" "filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:72 msgid "" "A debugging tool to report the identity of the current disc as well as the " "stored file name" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:85 msgid "" "Mount point; specify the location to mount the CD-ROM. This mount point must " "be listed in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> and properly configured. " "Configuration Item: <literal>Acquire::cdrom::mount</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:94 msgid "" "Rename a disc; change the label of a disc or override the disc's given " "label. This option will cause <command>apt-cdrom</command> to prompt for a " "new label. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Rename</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:103 msgid "" "No mounting; prevent <command>apt-cdrom</command> from mounting and " "unmounting the mount point. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::" "NoMount</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:111 msgid "" "Fast Copy; Assume the package files are valid and do not check every " "package. This option should be used only if <command>apt-cdrom</command> has " "been run on this disc before and did not detect any errors. Configuration " "Item: <literal>APT::CDROM::Fast</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:121 msgid "" "Thorough Package Scan; This option may be needed with some old Debian " "1.1/1.2 discs that have Package files in strange places. It takes much " "longer to scan the CD but will pick them all up." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:132 msgid "" "No Changes; Do not change the &sources-list; file and do not write index " "files. Everything is still checked however. Configuration Item: " "<literal>APT::CDROM::NoAct</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:145 msgid "&apt-conf;, &apt-get;, &sources-list;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-cdrom.8.xml:150 msgid "" "<command>apt-cdrom</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 " "on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-config.8.xml:33 msgid "APT Configuration Query program" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-config.8.xml:39 msgid "" "<command>apt-config</command> is an internal program used by various " "portions of the APT suite to provide consistent configurability. It accesses " "the main configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename> in a " "manner that is easy to use for scripted applications." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-config.8.xml:51 msgid "" "shell is used to access the configuration information from a shell script. " "It is given pairs of arguments, the first being a shell variable and the " "second the configuration value to query. As output it lists shell assignment " "commands for each value present. In a shell script it should be used as " "follows:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><informalexample><programlisting> #: apt-config.8.xml:59 #, no-wrap msgid "" "OPTS=\"-f\"\n" "RES=`apt-config shell OPTS MyApp::options`\n" "eval $RES\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-config.8.xml:64 msgid "" "This will set the shell environment variable $OPTS to the value of MyApp::" "options with a default of <option>-f</option>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-config.8.xml:68 msgid "" "The configuration item may be postfixed with a /[fdbi]. f returns file " "names, d returns directories, b returns true or false and i returns an " "integer. Each of the returns is normalized and verified internally." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-config.8.xml:77 msgid "Just show the contents of the configuration space." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-config.8.xml:90 msgid "" "Include options which have an empty value. This is the default, so use --no-" "empty to remove them from the output." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><term><option><replaceable> #: apt-config.8.xml:95 msgid "%f "%v";%n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-config.8.xml:96 msgid "" "Defines the output of each config option. %t will be replaced with " "its individual name, %f with its full hierarchical name and %v " "with its value. Use uppercase letters and special characters in the value " "will be encoded to ensure that it can e.g. be safely used in a quoted-string " "as defined by RFC822. Additionally %n will be replaced by a newline, " "and %N by a tab. A % can be printed by using %%." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-config.8.xml:110 apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:71 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:64 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:608 msgid "&apt-conf;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-config.8.xml:115 msgid "" "<command>apt-config</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 " "on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo><author><contrib> #: apt.conf.5.xml:20 msgid "Initial documentation of Debug::*." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refentryinfo><author><email> #: apt.conf.5.xml:21 msgid "dburrows@debian.org" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum> #: apt.conf.5.xml:31 apt_preferences.5.xml:25 sources.list.5.xml:26 msgid "5" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt.conf.5.xml:38 msgid "Configuration file for APT" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:42 msgid "" "<filename>apt.conf</filename> is the main configuration file for the APT " "suite of tools, but by far not the only place changes to options can be " "made. All tools therefore share the configuration files and also use a " "common command line parser to provide a uniform environment." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:47 msgid "" "When an APT tool starts up it will read the configuration files in the " "following order:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:49 msgid "" "the file specified by the <envar>APT_CONFIG</envar> environment variable (if " "any)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:51 msgid "" "all files in <literal>Dir::Etc::Parts</literal> in alphanumeric ascending " "order which have either no or \"<literal>conf</literal>\" as filename " "extension and which only contain alphanumeric, hyphen (-), underscore (_) " "and period (.) characters. Otherwise APT will print a notice that it has " "ignored a file, unless that file matches a pattern in the <literal>Dir::" "Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> configuration list - in this case it will be " "silently ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:58 msgid "" "the main configuration file specified by <literal>Dir::Etc::main</literal>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><orderedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:60 msgid "" "the command line options are applied to override the configuration " "directives or to load even more configuration files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml:64 msgid "Syntax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:65 msgid "" "The configuration file is organized in a tree with options organized into " "functional groups. Option specification is given with a double colon " "notation, for instance <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> is an option " "within the APT tool group, for the Get tool. Options do not inherit from " "their parent groups." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:71 msgid "" "Syntactically the configuration language is modeled after what the ISC tools " "such as bind and dhcp use. Lines starting with <literal>//</literal> are " "treated as comments (ignored), as well as all text between <literal>/*</" "literal> and <literal>*/</literal>, just like C/C++ comments. Each line is " "of the form <literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes \"true\";</literal>. The trailing " "semicolon and the quotes are required. The value must be on one line, and " "there is no kind of string concatenation. It must not include inside " "quotes. The behavior of the backslash \"\\\" and escaped characters inside " "a value is undefined and it should not be used. An option name may include " "alphanumerical characters and the \"/-:._+\" characters. A new scope can be " "opened with curly braces, like:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting> #: apt.conf.5.xml:85 #, no-wrap msgid "" "APT {\n" " Get {\n" " Assume-Yes \"true\";\n" " Fix-Broken \"true\";\n" " };\n" "};\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:93 msgid "" "with newlines placed to make it more readable. Lists can be created by " "opening a scope and including a single string enclosed in quotes followed by " "a semicolon. Multiple entries can be included, each separated by a semicolon." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><informalexample><programlisting> #: apt.conf.5.xml:98 #, no-wrap msgid "DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {\"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt\";};\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:101 msgid "" "In general the sample configuration file in <filename>&docdir;examples/apt." "conf</filename> &configureindex; is a good guide for how it should look." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:105 msgid "" "The names of the configuration items are not case-sensitive. So in the " "previous example you could use <literal>dpkg::pre-install-pkgs</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:108 msgid "" "Names for the configuration items are optional if a list is defined as it " "can be see in the <literal>DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal> example above. " "If you don't specify a name a new entry will simply add a new option to the " "list. If you specify a name you can override the option as every other " "option by reassigning a new value to the option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:113 msgid "" "Two specials are allowed, <literal>#include</literal> (which is deprecated " "and not supported by alternative implementations) and <literal>#clear</" "literal>: <literal>#include</literal> will include the given file, unless " "the filename ends in a slash, then the whole directory is included. " "<literal>#clear</literal> is used to erase a part of the configuration tree. " "The specified element and all its descendants are erased. (Note that these " "lines also need to end with a semicolon.)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:121 msgid "" "The #clear command is the only way to delete a list or a complete scope. " "Reopening a scope or the ::-style described below will <emphasis>not</" "emphasis> override previously written entries. Only options can be " "overridden by addressing a new value to it - lists and scopes can't be " "overridden, only cleared." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:126 msgid "" "All of the APT tools take a -o option which allows an arbitrary " "configuration directive to be specified on the command line. The syntax is a " "full option name (<literal>APT::Get::Assume-Yes</literal> for instance) " "followed by an equals sign then the new value of the option. To append a new " "element to a list, add a trailing :: to the name of the list. (As you might " "suspect: The scope syntax can't be used on the command line.)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:133 msgid "" "Note that you can use :: only for appending one item per line to a list and " "that you should not use it in combination with the scope syntax. (The scope " "syntax implicit insert ::) Using both syntaxes together will trigger a bug " "which some users unfortunately depend on: An option with the unusual name " "\"<literal>::</literal>\" which acts like every other option with a name. " "These introduces many problems including that a user who writes multiple " "lines in this <emphasis>wrong</emphasis> syntax in the hope to append to a " "list will gain the opposite as only the last assignment for this option " "\"<literal>::</literal>\" will be used. Upcoming APT versions will raise " "errors and will stop working if they encounter this misuse, so please " "correct such statements now as long as APT doesn't complain explicit about " "them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml:145 msgid "The APT Group" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:146 msgid "" "This group of options controls general APT behavior as well as holding the " "options for all of the tools." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:151 msgid "" "System Architecture; sets the architecture to use when fetching files and " "parsing package lists. The internal default is the architecture apt was " "compiled for." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:157 msgid "" "All Architectures the system supports. Processors implementing the " "<literal>amd64</literal> (also called <literal>x86-64</literal>) instruction " "set are e.g. also able to execute binaries compiled for the <literal>i386</" "literal> (<literal>x86</literal>) instruction set; This list is use when " "fetching files and parsing package lists. The internal default is always the " "native architecture (<literal>APT::Architecture</literal>) and all foreign " "architectures it can retrieve by calling <command>dpkg --print-foreign-" "architectures</command>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:167 msgid "" "Default release to install packages from if more than one version available. " "Contains release name, codename or release version. Examples: 'stable', " "'testing', 'unstable', '&stable-codename;', '&testing-codename;', '4.0', " "'5.0*'. See also &apt-preferences;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:173 msgid "" "Ignore Held packages; This global option causes the problem resolver to " "ignore held packages in its decision making." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:178 msgid "" "Defaults to on. When turned on the autoclean feature will remove any " "packages which can no longer be downloaded from the cache. If turned off " "then packages that are locally installed are also excluded from cleaning - " "but note that APT provides no direct means to reinstall them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:185 msgid "" "Defaults to on which will cause APT to install essential and important " "packages as fast as possible in the install/upgrade operation. This is done " "to limit the effect of a failing &dpkg; call: If this option is disabled APT " "does treat an important package in the same way as an extra package: Between " "the unpacking of the important package A and his configuration can then be " "many other unpack or configuration calls, e.g. for package B which has no " "relation to A, but causes the dpkg call to fail (e.g. because maintainer " "script of package B generates an error) which results in a system state in " "which package A is unpacked but unconfigured - each package depending on A " "is now no longer guaranteed to work as their dependency on A is not longer " "satisfied. The immediate configuration marker is also applied to all " "dependencies which can generate a problem if the dependencies e.g. form a " "circle as a dependency with the immediate flag is comparable with a Pre-" "Dependency. So in theory it is possible that APT encounters a situation in " "which it is unable to perform immediate configuration, errors out and refers " "to this option so the user can deactivate the immediate configuration " "temporarily to be able to perform an install/upgrade again. Note the use of " "the word \"theory\" here as this problem was only encountered by now in real " "world a few times in non-stable distribution versions and was caused by " "wrong dependencies of the package in question or by a system in an already " "broken state, so you should not blindly disable this option as the mentioned " "scenario above is not the only problem immediate configuration can help to " "prevent in the first place. Before a big operation like <literal>dist-" "upgrade</literal> is run with this option disabled it should be tried to " "explicitly <literal>install</literal> the package APT is unable to configure " "immediately, but please make sure to report your problem also to your " "distribution and to the APT team with the buglink below so they can work on " "improving or correcting the upgrade process." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:208 msgid "" "Never Enable this option unless you -really- know what you are doing. It " "permits APT to temporarily remove an essential package to break a Conflicts/" "Conflicts or Conflicts/Pre-Depend loop between two essential packages. SUCH " "A LOOP SHOULD NEVER EXIST AND IS A GRAVE BUG. This option will work if the " "essential packages are not tar, gzip, libc, dpkg, bash or anything that " "those packages depend on." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:217 msgid "" "APT uses since version 0.7.26 a resizable memory mapped cache file to store " "the 'available' information. <literal>Cache-Start</literal> acts as a hint " "to which size the Cache will grow and is therefore the amount of memory APT " "will request at startup. The default value is 20971520 bytes (~20 MB). Note " "that this amount of space needs to be available for APT otherwise it will " "likely fail ungracefully, so for memory restricted devices this value should " "be lowered while on systems with a lot of configured sources it should be " "increased. <literal>Cache-Grow</literal> defines in bytes with the default " "of 1048576 (~1 MB) how much the Cache size will be increased in the event " "the space defined by <literal>Cache-Start</literal> is not enough. These " "value will be applied again and again until either the cache is big enough " "to store all information or the size of the cache reaches the <literal>Cache-" "Limit</literal>. The default of <literal>Cache-Limit</literal> is 0 which " "stands for no limit. If <literal>Cache-Grow</literal> is set to 0 the " "automatic grow of the cache is disabled." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:233 msgid "Defines which package(s) are considered essential build dependencies." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:237 msgid "" "The Get subsection controls the &apt-get; tool, please see its documentation " "for more information about the options here." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:242 msgid "" "The Cache subsection controls the &apt-cache; tool, please see its " "documentation for more information about the options here." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:247 msgid "" "The CDROM subsection controls the &apt-cdrom; tool, please see its " "documentation for more information about the options here." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml:253 msgid "The Acquire Group" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:254 msgid "" "The <literal>Acquire</literal> group of options controls the download of " "packages and the URI handlers." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:259 msgid "" "Security related option defaulting to true as an expiring validation for a " "Release file prevents longtime replay attacks and can e.g. also help users " "to identify no longer updated mirrors - but the feature depends on the " "correctness of the time on the user system. Archive maintainers are " "encouraged to create Release files with the <literal>Valid-Until</literal> " "header, but if they don't or a stricter value is volitional the following " "<literal>Max-ValidTime</literal> option can be used." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:270 msgid "" "Seconds the Release file should be considered valid after it was created " "(indicated by the <literal>Date</literal> header). If the Release file " "itself includes a <literal>Valid-Until</literal> header the earlier date of " "the two is used as the expiration date. The default value is <literal>0</" "literal> which stands for \"for ever valid\". Archive specific settings can " "be made by appending the label of the archive to the option name." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:281 msgid "" "Minimum of seconds the Release file should be considered valid after it was " "created (indicated by the <literal>Date</literal> header). Use this if you " "need to use a seldomly updated (local) mirror of a more regular updated " "archive with a <literal>Valid-Until</literal> header instead of completely " "disabling the expiration date checking. Archive specific settings can and " "should be used by appending the label of the archive to the option name." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:292 msgid "" "Try to download deltas called <literal>PDiffs</literal> for Packages or " "Sources files instead of downloading whole ones. True by default." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:295 msgid "" "Two sub-options to limit the use of PDiffs are also available: With " "<literal>FileLimit</literal> can be specified how many PDiff files are " "downloaded at most to update a file. <literal>SizeLimit</literal> on the " "other hand is the maximum percentage of the size of all patches compared to " "the size of the targeted file. If one of these limits is exceeded the " "complete file is downloaded instead of the patches." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:305 msgid "" "Queuing mode; <literal>Queue-Mode</literal> can be one of <literal>host</" "literal> or <literal>access</literal> which determines how APT parallelizes " "outgoing connections. <literal>host</literal> means that one connection per " "target host will be opened, <literal>access</literal> means that one " "connection per URI type will be opened." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:313 msgid "" "Number of retries to perform. If this is non-zero APT will retry failed " "files the given number of times." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:318 msgid "" "Use symlinks for source archives. If set to true then source archives will " "be symlinked when possible instead of copying. True is the default." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:323 msgid "" "HTTP URIs; http::Proxy is the default http proxy to use. It is in the " "standard form of <literal>http://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal>. Per " "host proxies can also be specified by using the form <literal>http::Proxy::" "<host></literal> with the special keyword <literal>DIRECT</literal> " "meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above settings is specified, " "<envar>http_proxy</envar> environment variable will be used." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:331 msgid "" "Three settings are provided for cache control with HTTP/1.1 compliant proxy " "caches. <literal>No-Cache</literal> tells the proxy to not use its cached " "response under any circumstances, <literal>Max-Age</literal> is sent only " "for index files and tells the cache to refresh its object if it is older " "than the given number of seconds. Debian updates its index files daily so " "the default is 1 day. <literal>No-Store</literal> specifies that the cache " "should never store this request, it is only set for archive files. This may " "be useful to prevent polluting a proxy cache with very large .deb files. " "Note: Squid 2.0.2 does not support any of these options." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:341 apt.conf.5.xml:407 msgid "" "The option <literal>timeout</literal> sets the timeout timer used by the " "method, this applies to all things including connection timeout and data " "timeout." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:344 msgid "" "The setting <literal>Acquire::http::Pipeline-Depth</literal> can be used to " "enabled HTTP pipeling (RFC 2616 section 8.1.2.2) which can be beneficial e." "g. on high-latency connections. It specifies how many requests are send in a " "pipeline. Previous APT versions had a default of 10 for this setting, but " "the default value is now 0 (= disabled) to avoid problems with the ever-" "growing amount of webservers and proxies which choose to not conform to the " "HTTP/1.1 specification." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:351 msgid "" "<literal>Acquire::http::AllowRedirect</literal> controls if APT will follow " "redirects, which is enabled by default." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:354 msgid "" "The used bandwidth can be limited with <literal>Acquire::http::Dl-Limit</" "literal> which accepts integer values in kilobyte. The default value is 0 " "which deactivates the limit and tries uses as much as possible of the " "bandwidth (Note that this option implicit deactivates the download from " "multiple servers at the same time.)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:359 msgid "" "<literal>Acquire::http::User-Agent</literal> can be used to set a different " "User-Agent for the http download method as some proxies allow access for " "clients only if the client uses a known identifier." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:366 msgid "" "HTTPS URIs. Cache-control, Timeout, AllowRedirect, Dl-Limit and proxy " "options are the same as for <literal>http</literal> method and will also " "default to the options from the <literal>http</literal> method if they are " "not explicitly set for https. <literal>Pipeline-Depth</literal> option is " "not supported yet." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:372 msgid "" "<literal>CaInfo</literal> suboption specifies place of file that holds info " "about trusted certificates. <literal><host>::CaInfo</literal> is " "corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Peer</literal> boolean " "suboption determines whether verify server's host certificate against " "trusted certificates or not. <literal><host>::Verify-Peer</literal> " "is corresponding per-host option. <literal>Verify-Host</literal> boolean " "suboption determines whether verify server's hostname or not. <literal><" "host>::Verify-Host</literal> is corresponding per-host option. " "<literal>SslCert</literal> determines what certificate to use for client " "authentication. <literal><host>::SslCert</literal> is corresponding " "per-host option. <literal>SslKey</literal> determines what private key to " "use for client authentication. <literal><host>::SslKey</literal> is " "corresponding per-host option. <literal>SslForceVersion</literal> overrides " "default SSL version to use. Can contain 'TLSv1' or 'SSLv3' string. " "<literal><host>::SslForceVersion</literal> is corresponding per-host " "option." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:391 msgid "" "FTP URIs; ftp::Proxy is the default ftp proxy to use. It is in the standard " "form of <literal>ftp://[[user][:pass]@]host[:port]/</literal>. Per host " "proxies can also be specified by using the form <literal>ftp::Proxy::<" "host></literal> with the special keyword <literal>DIRECT</literal> " "meaning to use no proxies. If no one of the above settings is specified, " "<envar>ftp_proxy</envar> environment variable will be used. To use a ftp " "proxy you will have to set the <literal>ftp::ProxyLogin</literal> script in " "the configuration file. This entry specifies the commands to send to tell " "the proxy server what to connect to. Please see &configureindex; for an " "example of how to do this. The substitution variables available are <literal>" "$(PROXY_USER)</literal> <literal>$(PROXY_PASS)</literal> <literal>" "$(SITE_USER)</literal> <literal>$(SITE_PASS)</literal> <literal>$(SITE)</" "literal> and <literal>$(SITE_PORT)</literal> Each is taken from it's " "respective URI component." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:410 msgid "" "Several settings are provided to control passive mode. Generally it is safe " "to leave passive mode on, it works in nearly every environment. However " "some situations require that passive mode be disabled and port mode ftp used " "instead. This can be done globally, for connections that go through a proxy " "or for a specific host (See the sample config file for examples)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:417 msgid "" "It is possible to proxy FTP over HTTP by setting the <envar>ftp_proxy</" "envar> environment variable to a http url - see the discussion of the http " "method above for syntax. You cannot set this in the configuration file and " "it is not recommended to use FTP over HTTP due to its low efficiency." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:422 msgid "" "The setting <literal>ForceExtended</literal> controls the use of RFC2428 " "<literal>EPSV</literal> and <literal>EPRT</literal> commands. The default is " "false, which means these commands are only used if the control connection is " "IPv6. Setting this to true forces their use even on IPv4 connections. Note " "that most FTP servers do not support RFC2428." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout> #: apt.conf.5.xml:435 #, no-wrap msgid "/cdrom/::Mount \"foo\";" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:430 msgid "" "CD-ROM URIs; the only setting for CD-ROM URIs is the mount point, " "<literal>cdrom::Mount</literal> which must be the mount point for the CD-ROM " "drive as specified in <filename>/etc/fstab</filename>. It is possible to " "provide alternate mount and unmount commands if your mount point cannot be " "listed in the fstab (such as an SMB mount and old mount packages). The " "syntax is to put <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> within the " "cdrom block. It is important to have the trailing slash. Unmount commands " "can be specified using UMount." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:441 msgid "" "GPGV URIs; the only option for GPGV URIs is the option to pass additional " "parameters to gpgv. <literal>gpgv::Options</literal> Additional options " "passed to gpgv." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis> #: apt.conf.5.xml:452 #, no-wrap msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::<replaceable>FileExtension</replaceable> \"<replaceable>Methodname</replaceable>\";" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:447 msgid "" "List of compression types which are understood by the acquire methods. " "Files like <filename>Packages</filename> can be available in various " "compression formats. Per default the acquire methods can decompress " "<command>bzip2</command>, <command>lzma</command> and <command>gzip</" "command> compressed files, with this setting more formats can be added on " "the fly or the used method can be changed. The syntax for this is: " "<placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis> #: apt.conf.5.xml:457 #, no-wrap msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order:: \"gz\";" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><synopsis> #: apt.conf.5.xml:460 #, no-wrap msgid "Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order { \"lzma\"; \"gz\"; };" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:453 msgid "" "Also the <literal>Order</literal> subgroup can be used to define in which " "order the acquire system will try to download the compressed files. The " "acquire system will try the first and proceed with the next compression type " "in this list on error, so to prefer one over the other type simple add the " "preferred type at first - not already added default types will be added at " "run time to the end of the list, so e.g. <placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=" "\"0\"/> can be used to prefer <command>gzip</command> compressed files over " "<command>bzip2</command> and <command>lzma</command>. If <command>lzma</" "command> should be preferred over <command>gzip</command> and " "<command>bzip2</command> the configure setting should look like this " "<placeholder type=\"synopsis\" id=\"1\"/> It is not needed to add " "<literal>bz2</literal> explicit to the list as it will be added automatic." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout> #: apt.conf.5.xml:464 #, no-wrap msgid "Dir::Bin::bzip2 \"/bin/bzip2\";" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:462 msgid "" "Note that at run time the <literal>Dir::Bin::<replaceable>Methodname</" "replaceable></literal> will be checked: If this setting exists the method " "will only be used if this file exists, e.g. for the bzip2 method (the " "inbuilt) setting is: <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> Note " "also that list entries specified on the command line will be added at the " "end of the list specified in the configuration files, but before the default " "entries. To prefer a type in this case over the ones specified in the " "configuration files you can set the option direct - not in list style. This " "will not override the defined list, it will only prefix the list with this " "type." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:469 msgid "" "The special type <literal>uncompressed</literal> can be used to give " "uncompressed files a preference, but note that most archives don't provide " "uncompressed files so this is mostly only useable for local mirrors." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:476 msgid "" "When downloading <literal>gzip</literal> compressed indexes (Packages, " "Sources, or Translations), keep them gzip compressed locally instead of " "unpacking them. This saves quite a lot of disk space at the expense of more " "CPU requirements when building the local package caches. False by default." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:484 msgid "" "The Languages subsection controls which <filename>Translation</filename> " "files are downloaded and in which order APT tries to display the Description-" "Translations. APT will try to display the first available Description in the " "Language which is listed at first. Languages can be defined with their short " "or long Languagecodes. Note that not all archives provide " "<filename>Translation</filename> files for every Language - especially the " "long Languagecodes are rare, so please inform you which ones are available " "before you set here impossible values." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><programlisting> #: apt.conf.5.xml:500 #, no-wrap msgid "Acquire::Languages { \"environment\"; \"de\"; \"en\"; \"none\"; \"fr\"; };" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:490 msgid "" "The default list includes \"environment\" and \"en\". " "\"<literal>environment</literal>\" has a special meaning here: It will be " "replaced at runtime with the languagecodes extracted from the " "<literal>LC_MESSAGES</literal> environment variable. It will also ensure " "that these codes are not included twice in the list. If " "<literal>LC_MESSAGES</literal> is set to \"C\" only the " "<filename>Translation-en</filename> file (if available) will be used. To " "force apt to use no Translation file use the setting <literal>Acquire::" "Languages=none</literal>. \"<literal>none</literal>\" is another special " "meaning code which will stop the search for a fitting <filename>Translation</" "filename> file. This can be used by the system administrator to let APT " "know that it should download also this files without actually use them if " "the environment doesn't specify this languages. So the following example " "configuration will result in the order \"en, de\" in an english and in \"de, " "en\" in a german localization. Note that \"fr\" is downloaded, but not used " "if APT is not used in a french localization, in such an environment the " "order would be \"fr, de, en\". <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=" "\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:501 msgid "" "Note: To prevent problems resulting from APT being executed in different " "environments (e.g. by different users or by other programs) all Translation " "files which are found in <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists/</filename> will be " "added to the end of the list (after an implicit \"<literal>none</literal>\")." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml:512 msgid "Directories" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:514 msgid "" "The <literal>Dir::State</literal> section has directories that pertain to " "local state information. <literal>lists</literal> is the directory to place " "downloaded package lists in and <literal>status</literal> is the name of the " "dpkg status file. <literal>preferences</literal> is the name of the APT " "<filename>preferences</filename> file. <literal>Dir::State</literal> " "contains the default directory to prefix on all sub items if they do not " "start with <filename>/</filename> or <filename>./</filename>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:521 msgid "" "<literal>Dir::Cache</literal> contains locations pertaining to local cache " "information, such as the two package caches <literal>srcpkgcache</literal> " "and <literal>pkgcache</literal> as well as the location to place downloaded " "archives, <literal>Dir::Cache::archives</literal>. Generation of caches can " "be turned off by setting their names to be blank. This will slow down " "startup but save disk space. It is probably preferred to turn off the " "pkgcache rather than the srcpkgcache. Like <literal>Dir::State</literal> the " "default directory is contained in <literal>Dir::Cache</literal>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:530 msgid "" "<literal>Dir::Etc</literal> contains the location of configuration files, " "<literal>sourcelist</literal> gives the location of the sourcelist and " "<literal>main</literal> is the default configuration file (setting has no " "effect, unless it is done from the config file specified by " "<envar>APT_CONFIG</envar>)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:536 msgid "" "The <literal>Dir::Parts</literal> setting reads in all the config fragments " "in lexical order from the directory specified. After this is done then the " "main config file is loaded." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:540 msgid "" "Binary programs are pointed to by <literal>Dir::Bin</literal>. <literal>Dir::" "Bin::Methods</literal> specifies the location of the method handlers and " "<literal>gzip</literal>, <literal>bzip2</literal>, <literal>lzma</literal>, " "<literal>dpkg</literal>, <literal>apt-get</literal> <literal>dpkg-source</" "literal> <literal>dpkg-buildpackage</literal> and <literal>apt-cache</" "literal> specify the location of the respective programs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:548 msgid "" "The configuration item <literal>RootDir</literal> has a special meaning. If " "set, all paths in <literal>Dir::</literal> will be relative to " "<literal>RootDir</literal>, <emphasis>even paths that are specified " "absolutely</emphasis>. So, for instance, if <literal>RootDir</literal> is " "set to <filename>/tmp/staging</filename> and <literal>Dir::State::status</" "literal> is set to <filename>/var/lib/dpkg/status</filename>, then the " "status file will be looked up in <filename>/tmp/staging/var/lib/dpkg/status</" "filename>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:561 msgid "" "The <literal>Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> list can be used to specify " "which files APT should silently ignore while parsing the files in the " "fragment directories. Per default a file which end with <literal>.disabled</" "literal>, <literal>~</literal>, <literal>.bak</literal> or <literal>.dpkg-[a-" "z]+</literal> is silently ignored. As seen in the last default value these " "patterns can use regular expression syntax." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml:570 #, fuzzy msgid "APT in DSelect" msgstr "DSelect" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:572 msgid "" "When APT is used as a &dselect; method several configuration directives " "control the default behaviour. These are in the <literal>DSelect</literal> " "section." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:577 msgid "" "Cache Clean mode; this value may be one of always, prompt, auto, pre-auto " "and never. always and prompt will remove all packages from the cache after " "upgrading, prompt (the default) does so conditionally. auto removes only " "those packages which are no longer downloadable (replaced with a new version " "for instance). pre-auto performs this action before downloading new " "packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:586 msgid "" "The contents of this variable is passed to &apt-get; as command line options " "when it is run for the install phase." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:591 msgid "" "The contents of this variable is passed to &apt-get; as command line options " "when it is run for the update phase." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:596 msgid "" "If true the [U]pdate operation in &dselect; will always prompt to continue. " "The default is to prompt only on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml:602 msgid "How APT calls dpkg" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:603 msgid "" "Several configuration directives control how APT invokes &dpkg;. These are " "in the <literal>DPkg</literal> section." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:608 msgid "" "This is a list of options to pass to dpkg. The options must be specified " "using the list notation and each list item is passed as a single argument to " "&dpkg;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:614 msgid "" "This is a list of shell commands to run before/after invoking &dpkg;. Like " "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The " "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, should any " "fail APT will abort." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:621 msgid "" "This is a list of shell commands to run before invoking dpkg. Like " "<literal>options</literal> this must be specified in list notation. The " "commands are invoked in order using <filename>/bin/sh</filename>, should any " "fail APT will abort. APT will pass to the commands on standard input the " "filenames of all .deb files it is going to install, one per line." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:627 msgid "" "Version 2 of this protocol dumps more information, including the protocol " "version, the APT configuration space and the packages, files and versions " "being changed. Version 2 is enabled by setting <literal>DPkg::Tools::" "options::cmd::Version</literal> to 2. <literal>cmd</literal> is a command " "given to <literal>Pre-Install-Pkgs</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:635 msgid "" "APT chdirs to this directory before invoking dpkg, the default is <filename>/" "</filename>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:640 msgid "" "These options are passed to &dpkg-buildpackage; when compiling packages, the " "default is to disable signing and produce all binaries." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml:645 msgid "dpkg trigger usage (and related options)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:646 msgid "" "APT can call dpkg in a way so it can make aggressive use of triggers over " "multiple calls of dpkg. Without further options dpkg will use triggers only " "in between his own run. Activating these options can therefore decrease the " "time needed to perform the install / upgrade. Note that it is intended to " "activate these options per default in the future, but as it changes the way " "APT calling dpkg drastically it needs a lot more testing. <emphasis>These " "options are therefore currently experimental and should not be used in " "productive environments.</emphasis> Also it breaks the progress reporting so " "all frontends will currently stay around half (or more) of the time in the " "100% state while it actually configures all packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><literallayout> #: apt.conf.5.xml:661 #, no-wrap msgid "" "DPkg::NoTriggers \"true\";\n" "PackageManager::Configure \"smart\";\n" "DPkg::ConfigurePending \"true\";\n" "DPkg::TriggersPending \"true\";" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:655 msgid "" "Note that it is not guaranteed that APT will support these options or that " "these options will not cause (big) trouble in the future. If you have " "understand the current risks and problems with these options, but are brave " "enough to help testing them create a new configuration file and test a " "combination of options. Please report any bugs, problems and improvements " "you encounter and make sure to note which options you have used in your " "reports. Asking dpkg for help could also be useful for debugging proposes, " "see e.g. <command>dpkg --audit</command>. A defensive option combination " "would be <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:668 msgid "" "Add the no triggers flag to all dpkg calls (except the ConfigurePending " "call). See &dpkg; if you are interested in what this actually means. In " "short: dpkg will not run the triggers when this flag is present unless it is " "explicitly called to do so in an extra call. Note that this option exists " "(undocumented) also in older apt versions with a slightly different meaning: " "Previously these option only append --no-triggers to the configure calls to " "dpkg - now apt will add these flag also to the unpack and remove calls." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:676 msgid "" "Valid values are \"<literal>all</literal>\", \"<literal>smart</literal>\" " "and \"<literal>no</literal>\". \"<literal>all</literal>\" is the default " "value and causes APT to configure all packages explicit. The " "\"<literal>smart</literal>\" way is it to configure only packages which need " "to be configured before another package can be unpacked (Pre-Depends) and " "let the rest configure by dpkg with a call generated by the next option. " "\"<literal>no</literal>\" on the other hand will not configure anything and " "totally rely on dpkg for configuration (which will at the moment fail if a " "Pre-Depends is encountered). Setting this option to another than the all " "value will implicitly activate also the next option per default as otherwise " "the system could end in an unconfigured status which could be unbootable!" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:687 msgid "" "If this option is set apt will call <command>dpkg --configure --pending</" "command> to let dpkg handle all required configurations and triggers. This " "option is activated automatic per default if the previous option is not set " "to <literal>all</literal>, but deactivating could be useful if you want to " "run APT multiple times in a row - e.g. in an installer. In these sceneries " "you could deactivate this option in all but the last run." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:694 msgid "" "Useful for <literal>smart</literal> configuration as a package which has " "pending triggers is not considered as <literal>installed</literal> and dpkg " "treats them as <literal>unpacked</literal> currently which is a dealbreaker " "for Pre-Dependencies (see debbugs #526774). Note that this will process all " "triggers, not only the triggers needed to configure this package." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:700 msgid "" "As the configuration can be deferred to be done at the end by dpkg it can be " "tried to order the unpack series only by critical needs, e.g. by Pre-" "Depends. Default is true and therefore the \"old\" method of ordering in " "various steps by everything. While both method were present in earlier APT " "versions the <literal>OrderCritical</literal> method was unused, so this " "method is very experimental and needs further improvements before becoming " "really useful." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para><literallayout> #: apt.conf.5.xml:715 #, no-wrap msgid "" "OrderList::Score {\n" "\tDelete 500;\n" "\tEssential 200;\n" "\tImmediate 10;\n" "\tPreDepends 50;\n" "};" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:708 msgid "" "Essential packages (and there dependencies) should be configured immediately " "after unpacking. It will be a good idea to do this quite early in the " "upgrade process as these these configure calls require currently also " "<literal>DPkg::TriggersPending</literal> which will run quite a few triggers " "(which maybe not needed). Essentials get per default a high score but the " "immediate flag is relatively low (a package which has a Pre-Depends is " "higher rated). These option and the others in the same group can be used to " "change the scoring. The following example shows the settings with there " "default values. <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml:728 msgid "Periodic and Archives options" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:729 msgid "" "<literal>APT::Periodic</literal> and <literal>APT::Archives</literal> groups " "of options configure behavior of apt periodic updates, which is done by " "<literal>/etc/cron.daily/apt</literal> script. See header of this script for " "the brief documentation of these options." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml:737 msgid "Debug options" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:739 msgid "" "Enabling options in the <literal>Debug::</literal> section will cause " "debugging information to be sent to the standard error stream of the program " "utilizing the <literal>apt</literal> libraries, or enable special program " "modes that are primarily useful for debugging the behavior of <literal>apt</" "literal>. Most of these options are not interesting to a normal user, but a " "few may be:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:750 msgid "" "<literal>Debug::pkgProblemResolver</literal> enables output about the " "decisions made by <literal>dist-upgrade, upgrade, install, remove, purge</" "literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:758 msgid "" "<literal>Debug::NoLocking</literal> disables all file locking. This can be " "used to run some operations (for instance, <literal>apt-get -s install</" "literal>) as a non-root user." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:767 msgid "" "<literal>Debug::pkgDPkgPM</literal> prints out the actual command line each " "time that <literal>apt</literal> invokes &dpkg;." msgstr "" #. TODO: provide a #. motivating example, except I haven't a clue why you'd want #. to do this. #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:775 msgid "" "<literal>Debug::IdentCdrom</literal> disables the inclusion of statfs data " "in CD-ROM IDs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:785 msgid "A full list of debugging options to apt follows." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:794 msgid "" "Print information related to accessing <literal>cdrom://</literal> sources." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:805 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using FTP." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:816 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTP." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:827 msgid "Print information related to downloading packages using HTTPS." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:838 msgid "" "Print information related to verifying cryptographic signatures using " "<literal>gpg</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:849 msgid "" "Output information about the process of accessing collections of packages " "stored on CD-ROMs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:859 msgid "Describes the process of resolving build-dependencies in &apt-get;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:869 msgid "" "Output each cryptographic hash that is generated by the <literal>apt</" "literal> libraries." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:879 msgid "" "Do not include information from <literal>statfs</literal>, namely the number " "of used and free blocks on the CD-ROM filesystem, when generating an ID for " "a CD-ROM." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:890 msgid "" "Disable all file locking. For instance, this will allow two instances of " "<quote><literal>apt-get update</literal></quote> to run at the same time." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:902 msgid "Log when items are added to or removed from the global download queue." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:912 msgid "" "Output status messages and errors related to verifying checksums and " "cryptographic signatures of downloaded files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:922 msgid "" "Output information about downloading and applying package index list diffs, " "and errors relating to package index list diffs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:934 msgid "" "Output information related to patching apt package lists when downloading " "index diffs instead of full indices." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:945 msgid "" "Log all interactions with the sub-processes that actually perform downloads." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:956 msgid "" "Log events related to the automatically-installed status of packages and to " "the removal of unused packages." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:966 msgid "" "Generate debug messages describing which packages are being automatically " "installed to resolve dependencies. This corresponds to the initial auto-" "install pass performed in, e.g., <literal>apt-get install</literal>, and not " "to the full <literal>apt</literal> dependency resolver; see <literal>Debug::" "pkgProblemResolver</literal> for that." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:980 msgid "" "Generate debug messages describing which package is marked as keep/install/" "remove while the ProblemResolver does his work. Each addition or deletion " "may trigger additional actions; they are shown indented two additional space " "under the original entry. The format for each line is <literal>MarkKeep</" "literal>, <literal>MarkDelete</literal> or <literal>MarkInstall</literal> " "followed by <literal>package-name <a.b.c -> d.e.f | x.y.z> (section)" "</literal> where <literal>a.b.c</literal> is the current version of the " "package, <literal>d.e.f</literal> is the version considered for installation " "and <literal>x.y.z</literal> is a newer version, but not considered for " "installation (because of a low pin score). The later two can be omitted if " "there is none or if it is the same version as the installed. " "<literal>section</literal> is the name of the section the package appears in." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:1002 msgid "Dump the default configuration to standard error on startup." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:1012 msgid "" "When invoking &dpkg;, output the precise command line with which it is being " "invoked, with arguments separated by a single space character." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:1023 msgid "" "Output all the data received from &dpkg; on the status file descriptor and " "any errors encountered while parsing it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:1034 msgid "" "Generate a trace of the algorithm that decides the order in which " "<literal>apt</literal> should pass packages to &dpkg;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:1046 msgid "" "Output status messages tracing the steps performed when invoking &dpkg;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:1057 msgid "Output the priority of each package list on startup." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:1067 msgid "" "Trace the execution of the dependency resolver (this applies only to what " "happens when a complex dependency problem is encountered)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:1078 msgid "" "Display a list of all installed packages with their calculated score used by " "the pkgProblemResolver. The description of the package is the same as " "described in <literal>Debug::pkgDepCache::Marker</literal>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:1090 msgid "" "Print information about the vendors read from <filename>/etc/apt/vendors." "list</filename>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt.conf.5.xml:1112 apt_preferences.5.xml:545 sources.list.5.xml:211 #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:596 msgid "Examples" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:1113 msgid "" "&configureindex; is a configuration file showing example values for all " "possible options." msgstr "" #. ? reading apt.conf #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt.conf.5.xml:1125 msgid "&apt-cache;, &apt-config;, &apt-preferences;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:32 msgid "Preference control file for APT" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:37 msgid "" "The APT preferences file <filename>/etc/apt/preferences</filename> and the " "fragment files in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d/</filename> folder " "can be used to control which versions of packages will be selected for " "installation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:42 msgid "" "Several versions of a package may be available for installation when the " "&sources-list; file contains references to more than one distribution (for " "example, <literal>stable</literal> and <literal>testing</literal>). APT " "assigns a priority to each version that is available. Subject to dependency " "constraints, <command>apt-get</command> selects the version with the highest " "priority for installation. The APT preferences override the priorities that " "APT assigns to package versions by default, thus giving the user control " "over which one is selected for installation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:52 msgid "" "Several instances of the same version of a package may be available when the " "&sources-list; file contains references to more than one source. In this " "case <command>apt-get</command> downloads the instance listed earliest in " "the &sources-list; file. The APT preferences do not affect the choice of " "instance, only the choice of version." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:59 msgid "" "Preferences are a strong power in the hands of a system administrator but " "they can become also their biggest nightmare if used without care! APT will " "not question the preferences, so wrong settings can lead to uninstallable " "packages or wrong decisions while upgrading packages. Even more problems " "will arise if multiple distribution releases are mixed without a good " "understanding of the following paragraphs. Packages included in a specific " "release aren't tested in (and therefore don't always work as expected in) " "older or newer releases, or together with other packages from different " "releases. You have been warned." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:70 msgid "" "Note that the files in the <filename>/etc/apt/preferences.d</filename> " "directory are parsed in alphanumeric ascending order and need to obey the " "following naming convention: The files have either no or \"<literal>pref</" "literal>\" as filename extension and only contain alphanumeric, hyphen (-), " "underscore (_) and period (.) characters. Otherwise APT will print a notice " "that it has ignored a file, unless that file matches a pattern in the " "<literal>Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> configuration list - in this " "case it will be silently ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:79 msgid "APT's Default Priority Assignments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:94 #, no-wrap msgid "<command>apt-get install -t testing <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:97 #, no-wrap msgid "APT::Default-Release \"stable\";\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:81 msgid "" "If there is no preferences file or if there is no entry in the file that " "applies to a particular version then the priority assigned to that version " "is the priority of the distribution to which that version belongs. It is " "possible to single out a distribution, \"the target release\", which " "receives a higher priority than other distributions do by default. The " "target release can be set on the <command>apt-get</command> command line or " "in the APT configuration file <filename>/etc/apt/apt.conf</filename>. Note " "that this has precedence over any general priority you set in the <filename>/" "etc/apt/preferences</filename> file described later, but not over " "specifically pinned packages. For example, <placeholder type=" "\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:101 msgid "" "If the target release has been specified then APT uses the following " "algorithm to set the priorities of the versions of a package. Assign:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:106 msgid "priority 1" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:107 msgid "" "to the versions coming from archives which in their <filename>Release</" "filename> files are marked as \"NotAutomatic: yes\" but <emphasis>not</" "emphasis> as \"ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes\" like the Debian " "<literal>experimental</literal> archive." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:113 msgid "priority 100" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:114 msgid "" "to the version that is already installed (if any) and to the versions coming " "from archives which in their <filename>Release</filename> files are marked " "as \"NotAutomatic: yes\" and \"ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes\" like the Debian " "backports archive since <literal>squeeze-backports</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:121 msgid "priority 500" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:122 msgid "" "to the versions that are not installed and do not belong to the target " "release." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:126 msgid "priority 990" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:127 msgid "" "to the versions that are not installed and belong to the target release." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:132 msgid "" "If the target release has not been specified then APT simply assigns " "priority 100 to all installed package versions and priority 500 to all " "uninstalled package versions, except versions coming from archives which in " "their <filename>Release</filename> files are marked as \"NotAutomatic: yes\" " "- these versions get the priority 1 or priority 100 if it is additionally " "marked as \"ButAutomaticUpgrades: yes\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:139 msgid "" "APT then applies the following rules, listed in order of precedence, to " "determine which version of a package to install." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:142 msgid "" "Never downgrade unless the priority of an available version exceeds 1000. " "(\"Downgrading\" is installing a less recent version of a package in place " "of a more recent version. Note that none of APT's default priorities " "exceeds 1000; such high priorities can only be set in the preferences file. " "Note also that downgrading a package can be risky.)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:148 msgid "Install the highest priority version." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:149 msgid "" "If two or more versions have the same priority, install the most recent one " "(that is, the one with the higher version number)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:152 msgid "" "If two or more versions have the same priority and version number but either " "the packages differ in some of their metadata or the <literal>--reinstall</" "literal> option is given, install the uninstalled one." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:158 msgid "" "In a typical situation, the installed version of a package (priority 100) " "is not as recent as one of the versions available from the sources listed in " "the &sources-list; file (priority 500 or 990). Then the package will be " "upgraded when <command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</" "replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:165 msgid "" "More rarely, the installed version of a package is <emphasis>more</emphasis> " "recent than any of the other available versions. The package will not be " "downgraded when <command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</" "replaceable></command> or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:170 msgid "" "Sometimes the installed version of a package is more recent than the version " "belonging to the target release, but not as recent as a version belonging to " "some other distribution. Such a package will indeed be upgraded when " "<command>apt-get install <replaceable>some-package</replaceable></command> " "or <command>apt-get upgrade</command> is executed, because at least " "<emphasis>one</emphasis> of the available versions has a higher priority " "than the installed version." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:179 msgid "The Effect of APT Preferences" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:181 msgid "" "The APT preferences file allows the system administrator to control the " "assignment of priorities. The file consists of one or more multi-line " "records separated by blank lines. Records can have one of two forms, a " "specific form and a general form." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:187 msgid "" "The specific form assigns a priority (a \"Pin-Priority\") to one or more " "specified packages with a specified version or version range. For example, " "the following record assigns a high priority to all versions of the " "<filename>perl</filename> package whose version number begins with " "\"<literal>&good-perl;</literal>\". Multiple packages can be separated by " "spaces." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:194 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: perl\n" "Pin: version &good-perl;*\n" "Pin-Priority: 1001\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:200 msgid "" "The general form assigns a priority to all of the package versions in a " "given distribution (that is, to all the versions of packages that are listed " "in a certain <filename>Release</filename> file) or to all of the package " "versions coming from a particular Internet site, as identified by the site's " "fully qualified domain name." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:206 msgid "" "This general-form entry in the APT preferences file applies only to groups " "of packages. For example, the following record assigns a high priority to " "all package versions available from the local site." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:211 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: origin \"\"\n" "Pin-Priority: 999\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:216 msgid "" "A note of caution: the keyword used here is \"<literal>origin</literal>\" " "which can be used to match a hostname. The following record will assign a " "high priority to all versions available from the server identified by the " "hostname \"ftp.de.debian.org\"" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:220 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: origin \"ftp.de.debian.org\"\n" "Pin-Priority: 999\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:224 msgid "" "This should <emphasis>not</emphasis> be confused with the Origin of a " "distribution as specified in a <filename>Release</filename> file. What " "follows the \"Origin:\" tag in a <filename>Release</filename> file is not an " "Internet address but an author or vendor name, such as \"Debian\" or \"Ximian" "\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:229 msgid "" "The following record assigns a low priority to all package versions " "belonging to any distribution whose Archive name is \"<literal>unstable</" "literal>\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:233 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release a=unstable\n" "Pin-Priority: 50\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:238 msgid "" "The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions " "belonging to any distribution whose Codename is \"<literal>&testing-codename;" "</literal>\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:242 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release n=&testing-codename;\n" "Pin-Priority: 900\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:247 msgid "" "The following record assigns a high priority to all package versions " "belonging to any release whose Archive name is \"<literal>stable</literal>\" " "and whose release Version number is \"<literal>&stable-version;</literal>\"." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:252 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release a=stable, v=&stable-version;\n" "Pin-Priority: 500\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:262 msgid "Regular expressions and &glob; syntax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:264 msgid "" "APT also supports pinning by &glob; expressions, and regular expressions " "surrounded by slashes. For example, the following example assigns the " "priority 500 to all packages from experimental where the name starts with " "gnome (as a &glob;-like expression) or contains the word kde (as a POSIX " "extended regular expression surrounded by slashes)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:273 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: gnome* /kde/\n" "Pin: release n=experimental\n" "Pin-Priority: 500\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:279 msgid "" "The rule for those expressions is that they can occur anywhere where a " "string can occur. Thus, the following pin assigns the priority 990 to all " "packages from a release starting with &ubuntu-codename;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:285 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release n=&ubuntu-codename;*\n" "Pin-Priority: 990\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:291 msgid "" "If a regular expression occurs in a <literal>Package</literal> field, the " "behavior is the same as if this regular expression were replaced with a list " "of all package names it matches. It is undecided whether this will change in " "the future; thus you should always list wild-card pins first, so later " "specific pins override it. The pattern \"<literal>*</literal>\" in a " "Package field is not considered a &glob; expression in itself." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:307 msgid "How APT Interprets Priorities" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:310 msgid "" "Priorities (P) assigned in the APT preferences file must be positive or " "negative integers. They are interpreted as follows (roughly speaking):" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:315 msgid "P > 1000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:316 msgid "" "causes a version to be installed even if this constitutes a downgrade of the " "package" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:320 msgid "990 < P <=1000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:321 msgid "" "causes a version to be installed even if it does not come from the target " "release, unless the installed version is more recent" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:326 msgid "500 < P <=990" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:327 msgid "" "causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available " "belonging to the target release or the installed version is more recent" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:332 msgid "100 < P <=500" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:333 msgid "" "causes a version to be installed unless there is a version available " "belonging to some other distribution or the installed version is more recent" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:338 msgid "0 < P <=100" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:339 msgid "" "causes a version to be installed only if there is no installed version of " "the package" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:343 msgid "P < 0" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:344 msgid "prevents the version from being installed" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:349 msgid "" "If any specific-form records match an available package version then the " "first such record determines the priority of the package version. Failing " "that, if any general-form records match an available package version then " "the first such record determines the priority of the package version." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:355 msgid "" "For example, suppose the APT preferences file contains the three records " "presented earlier:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:359 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: perl\n" "Pin: version &good-perl;*\n" "Pin-Priority: 1001\n" "\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: origin \"\"\n" "Pin-Priority: 999\n" "\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release unstable\n" "Pin-Priority: 50\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:372 msgid "Then:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:374 msgid "" "The most recent available version of the <literal>perl</literal> package " "will be installed, so long as that version's version number begins with " "\"<literal>&good-perl;</literal>\". If <emphasis>any</emphasis> &good-perl;" "* version of <literal>perl</literal> is available and the installed version " "is &bad-perl;*, then <literal>perl</literal> will be downgraded." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:379 msgid "" "A version of any package other than <literal>perl</literal> that is " "available from the local system has priority over other versions, even " "versions belonging to the target release." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><itemizedlist><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:383 msgid "" "A version of a package whose origin is not the local system but some other " "site listed in &sources-list; and which belongs to an <literal>unstable</" "literal> distribution is only installed if it is selected for installation " "and no version of the package is already installed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:393 msgid "Determination of Package Version and Distribution Properties" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:395 msgid "" "The locations listed in the &sources-list; file should provide " "<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> files to " "describe the packages available at that location." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:399 msgid "" "The <filename>Packages</filename> file is normally found in the directory " "<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable>/" "<replaceable>component</replaceable>/<replaceable>arch</replaceable></" "filename>: for example, <filename>.../dists/stable/main/binary-i386/" "Packages</filename>. It consists of a series of multi-line records, one for " "each package available in that directory. Only two lines in each record are " "relevant for setting APT priorities:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:407 msgid "the <literal>Package:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:408 msgid "gives the package name" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:411 apt_preferences.5.xml:461 msgid "the <literal>Version:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:412 msgid "gives the version number for the named package" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:417 msgid "" "The <filename>Release</filename> file is normally found in the directory " "<filename>.../dists/<replaceable>dist-name</replaceable></filename>: for " "example, <filename>.../dists/stable/Release</filename>, or <filename>.../" "dists/&stable-codename;/Release</filename>. It consists of a single multi-" "line record which applies to <emphasis>all</emphasis> of the packages in the " "directory tree below its parent. Unlike the <filename>Packages</filename> " "file, nearly all of the lines in a <filename>Release</filename> file are " "relevant for setting APT priorities:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:428 msgid "the <literal>Archive:</literal> or <literal>Suite:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:429 msgid "" "names the archive to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. " "For example, the line \"Archive: stable\" or \"Suite: stable\" specifies " "that all of the packages in the directory tree below the parent of the " "<filename>Release</filename> file are in a <literal>stable</literal> " "archive. Specifying this value in the APT preferences file would require " "the line:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:439 #, no-wrap msgid "Pin: release a=stable\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:445 msgid "the <literal>Codename:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:446 msgid "" "names the codename to which all the packages in the directory tree belong. " "For example, the line \"Codename: &testing-codename;\" specifies that all of " "the packages in the directory tree below the parent of the " "<filename>Release</filename> file belong to a version named " "<literal>&testing-codename;</literal>. Specifying this value in the APT " "preferences file would require the line:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:455 #, no-wrap msgid "Pin: release n=&testing-codename;\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:462 msgid "" "names the release version. For example, the packages in the tree might " "belong to Debian release version &stable-version;. Note that there is " "normally no version number for the <literal>testing</literal> and " "<literal>unstable</literal> distributions because they have not been " "released yet. Specifying this in the APT preferences file would require one " "of the following lines." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:471 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Pin: release v=&stable-version;\n" "Pin: release a=stable, v=&stable-version;\n" "Pin: release &stable-version;\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:480 msgid "the <literal>Component:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:481 msgid "" "names the licensing component associated with the packages in the directory " "tree of the <filename>Release</filename> file. For example, the line " "\"Component: main\" specifies that all the packages in the directory tree " "are from the <literal>main</literal> component, which entails that they are " "licensed under terms listed in the Debian Free Software Guidelines. " "Specifying this component in the APT preferences file would require the line:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:490 #, no-wrap msgid "Pin: release c=main\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:496 msgid "the <literal>Origin:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:497 msgid "" "names the originator of the packages in the directory tree of the " "<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is <literal>Debian</" "literal>. Specifying this origin in the APT preferences file would require " "the line:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:503 #, no-wrap msgid "Pin: release o=Debian\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:509 msgid "the <literal>Label:</literal> line" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><simpara> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:510 msgid "" "names the label of the packages in the directory tree of the " "<filename>Release</filename> file. Most commonly, this is <literal>Debian</" "literal>. Specifying this label in the APT preferences file would require " "the line:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:516 #, no-wrap msgid "Pin: release l=Debian\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:523 msgid "" "All of the <filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Release</filename> " "files retrieved from locations listed in the &sources-list; file are stored " "in the directory <filename>/var/lib/apt/lists</filename>, or in the file " "named by the variable <literal>Dir::State::Lists</literal> in the " "<filename>apt.conf</filename> file. For example, the file <filename>debian." "lcs.mit.edu_debian_dists_unstable_contrib_binary-i386_Release</filename> " "contains the <filename>Release</filename> file retrieved from the site " "<literal>debian.lcs.mit.edu</literal> for <literal>binary-i386</literal> " "architecture files from the <literal>contrib</literal> component of the " "<literal>unstable</literal> distribution." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:536 msgid "Optional Lines in an APT Preferences Record" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:538 msgid "" "Each record in the APT preferences file can optionally begin with one or " "more lines beginning with the word <literal>Explanation:</literal>. This " "provides a place for comments." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:547 msgid "Tracking Stable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:555 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated\n" "Explanation: package versions other than those in the stable distro\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release a=stable\n" "Pin-Priority: 900\n" "\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release o=Debian\n" "Pin-Priority: -10\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:549 msgid "" "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority " "higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a " "<literal>stable</literal> distribution and a prohibitively low priority to " "package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> " "distributions. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:572 apt_preferences.5.xml:618 #: apt_preferences.5.xml:676 #, no-wrap msgid "" "apt-get install <replaceable>package-name</replaceable>\n" "apt-get upgrade\n" "apt-get dist-upgrade\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:567 msgid "" "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of " "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest " "<literal>stable</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" " "id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:584 #, no-wrap msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/testing\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:578 msgid "" "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the " "latest version from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution; the package " "will not be upgraded again unless this command is given again. <placeholder " "type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:590 msgid "Tracking Testing or Unstable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:599 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release a=testing\n" "Pin-Priority: 900\n" "\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release a=unstable\n" "Pin-Priority: 800\n" "\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release o=Debian\n" "Pin-Priority: -10\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:592 msgid "" "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a high priority " "to package versions from the <literal>testing</literal> distribution, a " "lower priority to package versions from the <literal>unstable</literal> " "distribution, and a prohibitively low priority to package versions from " "other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions. <placeholder type=" "\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:613 msgid "" "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of " "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest " "<literal>testing</literal> version(s). <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" " "id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:633 #, no-wrap msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/unstable\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:624 msgid "" "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the " "latest version from the <literal>unstable</literal> distribution. " "Thereafter, <command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to " "the most recent <literal>testing</literal> version if that is more recent " "than the installed version, otherwise, to the most recent <literal>unstable</" "literal> version if that is more recent than the installed version. " "<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:640 msgid "Tracking the evolution of a codename release" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:654 #, no-wrap msgid "" "Explanation: Uninstall or do not install any Debian-originated package versions\n" "Explanation: other than those in the distribution codenamed with &testing-codename; or sid\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release n=&testing-codename;\n" "Pin-Priority: 900\n" "\n" "Explanation: Debian unstable is always codenamed with sid\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release n=sid\n" "Pin-Priority: 800\n" "\n" "Package: *\n" "Pin: release o=Debian\n" "Pin-Priority: -10\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:642 msgid "" "The following APT preferences file will cause APT to assign a priority " "higher than the default (500) to all package versions belonging to a " "specified codename of a distribution and a prohibitively low priority to " "package versions belonging to other <literal>Debian</literal> distributions, " "codenames and archives. Note that with this APT preference APT will follow " "the migration of a release from the archive <literal>testing</literal> to " "<literal>stable</literal> and later <literal>oldstable</literal>. If you " "want to follow for example the progress in <literal>testing</literal> " "notwithstanding the codename changes you should use the example " "configurations above. <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:671 msgid "" "With a suitable &sources-list; file and the above preferences file, any of " "the following commands will cause APT to upgrade to the latest version(s) in " "the release codenamed with <literal>&testing-codename;</literal>. " "<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:691 #, no-wrap msgid "apt-get install <replaceable>package</replaceable>/sid\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:682 msgid "" "The following command will cause APT to upgrade the specified package to the " "latest version from the <literal>sid</literal> distribution. Thereafter, " "<command>apt-get upgrade</command> will upgrade the package to the most " "recent <literal>&testing-codename;</literal> version if that is more recent " "than the installed version, otherwise, to the most recent <literal>sid</" "literal> version if that is more recent than the installed version. " "<placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt_preferences.5.xml:706 msgid "&apt-get; &apt-cache; &apt-conf; &sources-list;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: sources.list.5.xml:33 msgid "Package resource list for APT" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:37 msgid "" "The package resource list is used to locate archives of the package " "distribution system in use on the system. At this time, this manual page " "documents only the packaging system used by the Debian system. This control " "file is <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list</filename>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:42 msgid "" "The source list is designed to support any number of active sources and a " "variety of source media. The file lists one source per line, with the most " "preferred source listed first. The format of each line is: <literal>type uri " "args</literal> The first item, <literal>type</literal> determines the format " "for <literal>args</literal>. <literal>uri</literal> is a Universal Resource " "Identifier (URI), which is a superset of the more specific and well-known " "Universal Resource Locator, or URL. The rest of the line can be marked as a " "comment by using a #." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: sources.list.5.xml:53 msgid "sources.list.d" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:54 msgid "" "The <filename>/etc/apt/sources.list.d</filename> directory provides a way to " "add sources.list entries in separate files. The format is the same as for " "the regular <filename>sources.list</filename> file. File names need to end " "with <filename>.list</filename> and may only contain letters (a-z and A-Z), " "digits (0-9), underscore (_), hyphen (-) and period (.) characters. " "Otherwise APT will print a notice that it has ignored a file, unless that " "file matches a pattern in the <literal>Dir::Ignore-Files-Silently</literal> " "configuration list - in this case it will be silently ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: sources.list.5.xml:65 msgid "The deb and deb-src types" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:66 msgid "" "The <literal>deb</literal> type describes a typical two-level Debian " "archive, <filename>distribution/component</filename>. Typically, " "<literal>distribution</literal> is generally an archivename like " "<literal>stable</literal> or <literal>testing</literal> or a codename like " "<literal>&stable-codename;</literal> or <literal>&testing-codename;</" "literal> while component is one of <literal>main</literal> <literal>contrib</" "literal> or <literal>non-free</literal>. The <literal>deb-src</literal> type " "describes a debian distribution's source code in the same form as the " "<literal>deb</literal> type. A <literal>deb-src</literal> line is required " "to fetch source indexes." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:78 msgid "" "The format for a <filename>sources.list</filename> entry using the " "<literal>deb</literal> and <literal>deb-src</literal> types is:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml:81 #, no-wrap msgid "deb [ options ] uri distribution [component1] [component2] [...]" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:83 msgid "" "The URI for the <literal>deb</literal> type must specify the base of the " "Debian distribution, from which APT will find the information it needs. " "<literal>distribution</literal> can specify an exact path, in which case the " "components must be omitted and <literal>distribution</literal> must end with " "a slash (/). This is useful for when the case only a particular sub-section " "of the archive denoted by the URI is of interest. If <literal>distribution</" "literal> does not specify an exact path, at least one <literal>component</" "literal> must be present." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:92 msgid "" "<literal>distribution</literal> may also contain a variable, <literal>$(ARCH)" "</literal> which expands to the Debian architecture (i386, m68k, " "powerpc, ...) used on the system. This permits architecture-independent " "<filename>sources.list</filename> files to be used. In general this is only " "of interest when specifying an exact path, <literal>APT</literal> will " "automatically generate a URI with the current architecture otherwise." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:100 msgid "" "Since only one distribution can be specified per line it may be necessary to " "have multiple lines for the same URI, if a subset of all available " "distributions or components at that location is desired. APT will sort the " "URI list after it has generated a complete set internally, and will collapse " "multiple references to the same Internet host, for instance, into a single " "connection, so that it does not inefficiently establish an FTP connection, " "close it, do something else, and then re-establish a connection to that same " "host. This feature is useful for accessing busy FTP sites with limits on the " "number of simultaneous anonymous users. APT also parallelizes connections to " "different hosts to more effectively deal with sites with low bandwidth." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:112 msgid "" "<literal>options</literal> is always optional and needs to be surounded by " "square brackets. It can consist of multiple settings in the form " "<literal><replaceable>setting</replaceable>=<replaceable>value</" "replaceable></literal>. Multiple settings are separated by spaces. The " "following settings are supported by APT, note though that unsupported " "settings will be ignored silently:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:117 msgid "" "<literal>arch=<replaceable>arch1</replaceable>,<replaceable>arch2</" "replaceable>,…</literal> can be used to specify for which architectures " "packages information should be downloaded. If this option is not set all " "architectures defined by the <literal>APT::Architectures</literal> option " "will be downloaded." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><itemizedlist><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:121 msgid "" "<literal>trusted=yes</literal> can be set to indicate that packages from " "this source are always authenticated even if the <filename>Release</" "filename> file is not signed or the signature can't be checked. This " "disables parts of &apt-secure; and should therefore only be used in a local " "and trusted context. <literal>trusted=no</literal> is the opposite which " "handles even correctly authenticated sources as not authenticated." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:128 msgid "" "It is important to list sources in order of preference, with the most " "preferred source listed first. Typically this will result in sorting by " "speed from fastest to slowest (CD-ROM followed by hosts on a local network, " "followed by distant Internet hosts, for example)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:133 msgid "Some examples:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml:135 #, no-wrap msgid "" "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; main contrib non-free\n" "deb http://security.debian.org/ &stable-codename;/updates main contrib non-free\n" " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: sources.list.5.xml:141 msgid "URI specification" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:143 msgid "The currently recognized URI types are:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:147 msgid "" "The file scheme allows an arbitrary directory in the file system to be " "considered an archive. This is useful for NFS mounts and local mirrors or " "archives." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:154 msgid "" "The cdrom scheme allows APT to use a local CD-ROM drive with media swapping. " "Use the &apt-cdrom; program to create cdrom entries in the source list." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:161 msgid "" "The http scheme specifies an HTTP server for the archive. If an environment " "variable <envar>http_proxy</envar> is set with the format http://server:" "port/, the proxy server specified in <envar>http_proxy</envar> will be used. " "Users of authenticated HTTP/1.1 proxies may use a string of the format " "http://user:pass@server:port/. Note that this is an insecure method of " "authentication." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:172 msgid "" "The ftp scheme specifies an FTP server for the archive. APT's FTP behavior " "is highly configurable; for more information see the &apt-conf; manual page. " "Please note that a ftp proxy can be specified by using the <envar>ftp_proxy</" "envar> environment variable. It is possible to specify a http proxy (http " "proxy servers often understand ftp urls) using this method and ONLY this " "method. ftp proxies using http specified in the configuration file will be " "ignored." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:183 msgid "" "The copy scheme is identical to the file scheme except that packages are " "copied into the cache directory instead of used directly at their location. " "This is useful for people using a zip disk to copy files around with APT." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:190 msgid "" "The rsh/ssh method invokes rsh/ssh to connect to a remote host as a given " "user and access the files. It is a good idea to do prior arrangements with " "RSA keys or rhosts. Access to files on the remote uses standard " "<command>find</command> and <command>dd</command> commands to perform the " "file transfers from the remote." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><term> #: sources.list.5.xml:198 msgid "adding more recognizable URI types" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:200 msgid "" "APT can be extended with more methods shipped in other optional packages " "which should follow the nameing scheme <package>apt-transport-" "<replaceable>method</replaceable></package>. The APT team e.g. maintains " "also the <package>apt-transport-https</package> package which provides " "access methods for https-URIs with features similar to the http method, but " "other methods for using e.g. debtorrent are also available, see &apt-" "transport-debtorrent;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:212 msgid "" "Uses the archive stored locally (or NFS mounted) at /home/jason/debian for " "stable/main, stable/contrib, and stable/non-free." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml:214 #, no-wrap msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian stable main contrib non-free" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:216 msgid "As above, except this uses the unstable (development) distribution." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml:217 #, no-wrap msgid "deb file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:219 msgid "Source line for the above" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml:220 #, no-wrap msgid "deb-src file:/home/jason/debian unstable main contrib non-free" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:222 msgid "" "The first line gets package information for the architectures in " "<literal>APT::Architectures</literal> while the second always retrieves " "<literal>amd64</literal> and <literal>armel</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml:224 #, no-wrap msgid "" "deb http://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; main\n" "deb [ arch=amd64,armel ] http://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; main" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:227 msgid "" "Uses HTTP to access the archive at archive.debian.org, and uses only the " "hamm/main area." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml:229 #, no-wrap msgid "deb http://archive.debian.org/debian-archive hamm main" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:231 msgid "" "Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian " "directory, and uses only the &stable-codename;/contrib area." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml:233 #, no-wrap msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian &stable-codename; contrib" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:235 msgid "" "Uses FTP to access the archive at ftp.debian.org, under the debian " "directory, and uses only the unstable/contrib area. If this line appears as " "well as the one in the previous example in <filename>sources.list</filename> " "a single FTP session will be used for both resource lines." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml:239 #, no-wrap msgid "deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian unstable contrib" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: sources.list.5.xml:248 #, no-wrap msgid "deb http://ftp.tlh.debian.org/universe unstable/binary-$(ARCH)/" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:241 msgid "" "Uses HTTP to access the archive at ftp.tlh.debian.org, under the universe " "directory, and uses only files found under <filename>unstable/binary-i386</" "filename> on i386 machines, <filename>unstable/binary-amd64</filename> on " "amd64, and so forth for other supported architectures. [Note this example " "only illustrates how to use the substitution variable; official debian " "archives are not structured like this] <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" " "id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: sources.list.5.xml:253 msgid "&apt-cache; &apt-conf;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refmeta><manvolnum> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:26 apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:26 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:26 msgid "1" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:33 msgid "" "Utility to extract <command>debconf</command> config and templates from " "Debian packages" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:39 msgid "" "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> will take one or more Debian package " "files as input and write out (to a temporary directory) all associated " "config scripts and template files. For each passed in package that contains " "config scripts and templates, one line of output will be generated in the " "format:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:44 msgid "package version template-file config-script" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:45 msgid "" "template-file and config-script are written to the temporary directory " "specified by the <option>-t</option> or <option>--tempdir</option> " "(<literal>APT::ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>) directory, with " "filenames of the form <filename>package.template.XXXX</filename> and " "<filename>package.config.XXXX</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:58 msgid "" "Temporary directory in which to write extracted <command>debconf</command> " "template files and config scripts. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::" "ExtractTemplates::TempDir</literal>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-extracttemplates.1.xml:75 msgid "" "<command>apt-extracttemplates</command> returns zero on normal operation, " "decimal 100 on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:33 msgid "Utility to sort package index files" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:39 msgid "" "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> will take an index file (Source index or " "Package index) and sort the records so that they are ordered by the package " "name. It will also sort the internal fields of each record according to the " "internal sorting rules." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:45 msgid "All output is sent to stdout, the input must be a seekable file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:54 msgid "" "Use Source index field ordering. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::" "SortPkgs::Source</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-sortpkgs.1.xml:68 msgid "" "<command>apt-sortpkgs</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal " "100 on error." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refnamediv><refpurpose> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:33 msgid "Utility to generate index files" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:39 msgid "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is the command line tool that generates " "the index files that APT uses to access a distribution source. The index " "files should be generated on the origin site based on the content of that " "site." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:43 msgid "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> is a superset of the &dpkg-scanpackages; " "program, incorporating its entire functionality via the <literal>packages</" "literal> command. It also contains a contents file generator, " "<literal>contents</literal>, and an elaborate means to 'script' the " "generation process for a complete archive." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:49 msgid "" "Internally <command>apt-ftparchive</command> can make use of binary " "databases to cache the contents of a .deb file and it does not rely on any " "external programs aside from &gzip;. When doing a full generate it " "automatically performs file-change checks and builds the desired compressed " "output files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:60 msgid "" "The packages command generates a package file from a directory tree. It " "takes the given directory and recursively searches it for .deb files, " "emitting a package record to stdout for each. This command is approximately " "equivalent to &dpkg-scanpackages;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:65 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:89 msgid "" "The option <option>--db</option> can be used to specify a binary caching DB." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:70 msgid "" "The <literal>sources</literal> command generates a source index file from a " "directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it " "for .dsc files, emitting a source record to stdout for each. This command is " "approximately equivalent to &dpkg-scansources;." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:75 msgid "" "If an override file is specified then a source override file will be looked " "for with an extension of .src. The --source-override option can be used to " "change the source override file that will be used." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:82 msgid "" "The <literal>contents</literal> command generates a contents file from a " "directory tree. It takes the given directory and recursively searches it " "for .deb files, and reads the file list from each file. It then sorts and " "writes to stdout the list of files matched to packages. Directories are not " "written to the output. If multiple packages own the same file then each " "package is separated by a comma in the output." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:94 msgid "" "The <literal>release</literal> command generates a Release file from a " "directory tree. It recursively searches the given directory for uncompressed " "<filename>Packages</filename> and <filename>Sources</filename> files and " "ones compressed with <command>gzip</command>, <command>bzip2</command> or " "<command>lzma</command> as well as <filename>Release</filename> and " "<filename>md5sum.txt</filename> files by default (<literal>APT::FTPArchive::" "Release::Default-Patterns</literal>). Additional filename patterns can be " "added by listing them in <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Patterns</" "literal>. It then writes to stdout a <filename>Release</filename> file " "containing an MD5, SHA1 and SHA256 digest for each file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:104 msgid "" "Values for the additional metadata fields in the Release file are taken from " "the corresponding variables under <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release</" "literal>, e.g. <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Release::Origin</literal>. The " "supported fields are: <literal>Origin</literal>, <literal>Label</literal>, " "<literal>Suite</literal>, <literal>Version</literal>, <literal>Codename</" "literal>, <literal>Date</literal>, <literal>Valid-Until</literal>, " "<literal>Architectures</literal>, <literal>Components</literal>, " "<literal>Description</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:117 msgid "" "The <literal>generate</literal> command is designed to be runnable from a " "cron script and builds indexes according to the given config file. The " "config language provides a flexible means of specifying which index files " "are built from which directories, as well as providing a simple means of " "maintaining the required settings." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:126 msgid "" "The <literal>clean</literal> command tidies the databases used by the given " "configuration file by removing any records that are no longer necessary." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:132 msgid "The Generate Configuration" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:134 msgid "" "The <literal>generate</literal> command uses a configuration file to " "describe the archives that are going to be generated. It follows the typical " "ISC configuration format as seen in ISC tools like bind 8 and dhcpd. &apt-" "conf; contains a description of the syntax. Note that the generate " "configuration is parsed in sectional manner, but &apt-conf; is parsed in a " "tree manner. This only effects how the scope tag is handled." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:142 msgid "" "The generate configuration has four separate sections, each described below." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:144 msgid "<literal>Dir</literal> Section" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:146 msgid "" "The <literal>Dir</literal> section defines the standard directories needed " "to locate the files required during the generation process. These " "directories are prepended certain relative paths defined in later sections " "to produce a complete an absolute path." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:153 msgid "" "Specifies the root of the FTP archive, in a standard Debian configuration " "this is the directory that contains the <filename>ls-LR</filename> and dist " "nodes." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:160 msgid "Specifies the location of the override files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:165 msgid "Specifies the location of the cache files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:170 msgid "" "Specifies the location of the file list files, if the <literal>FileList</" "literal> setting is used below." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:176 msgid "<literal>Default</literal> Section" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:178 msgid "" "The <literal>Default</literal> section specifies default values, and " "settings that control the operation of the generator. Other sections may " "override these defaults with a per-section setting." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:184 msgid "" "Sets the default compression schemes to use for the Package index files. It " "is a string that contains a space separated list of at least one of: '.' (no " "compression), 'gzip' and 'bzip2'. The default for all compression schemes is " "'. gzip'." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:192 msgid "" "Sets the default list of file extensions that are package files. This " "defaults to '.deb'." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:198 msgid "" "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it " "controls the compression for the Sources files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:204 msgid "" "Sets the default list of file extensions that are source files. This " "defaults to '.dsc'." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:210 msgid "" "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it " "controls the compression for the Contents files." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:216 msgid "" "This is similar to <literal>Packages::Compress</literal> except that it " "controls the compression for the Translation-en master file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:222 msgid "" "Specifies the number of kilobytes to delink (and replace with hard links) " "per run. This is used in conjunction with the per-section <literal>External-" "Links</literal> setting." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:229 msgid "" "Specifies the mode of all created index files. It defaults to 0644. All " "index files are set to this mode with no regard to the umask." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:236 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:382 msgid "" "Specifies whether long descriptions should be included in the " "<filename>Packages</filename> file or split out into a master " "<filename>Translation-en</filename> file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:242 msgid "<literal>TreeDefault</literal> Section" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:244 msgid "" "Sets defaults specific to <literal>Tree</literal> sections. All of these " "variables are substitution variables and have the strings $(DIST), " "$(SECTION) and $(ARCH) replaced with their respective values." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:251 msgid "" "Sets the number of kilobytes of contents files that are generated each day. " "The contents files are round-robined so that over several days they will all " "be rebuilt." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:258 msgid "" "Controls the number of days a contents file is allowed to be checked without " "changing. If this limit is passed the mtime of the contents file is updated. " "This case can occur if the package file is changed in such a way that does " "not result in a new contents file [override edit for instance]. A hold off " "is allowed in hopes that new .debs will be installed, requiring a new file " "anyhow. The default is 10, the units are in days." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:269 msgid "" "Sets the top of the .deb directory tree. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/" "$(SECTION)/binary-$(ARCH)/</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:275 msgid "" "Sets the top of the source package directory tree. Defaults to <filename>" "$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/source/</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:281 msgid "" "Sets the output Packages file. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/" "binary-$(ARCH)/Packages</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:287 msgid "" "Sets the output Sources file. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/" "source/Sources</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:293 msgid "" "Sets the output Translation-en master file with the long descriptions if " "they should be not included in the Packages file. Defaults to <filename>" "$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/i18n/Translation-en</filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:300 msgid "" "Sets the path prefix that causes a symlink to be considered an internal link " "instead of an external link. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/$(SECTION)/</" "filename>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:307 msgid "" "Sets the output Contents file. Defaults to <filename>$(DIST)/Contents-$(ARCH)" "</filename>. If this setting causes multiple Packages files to map onto a " "single Contents file (as is the default) then <command>apt-ftparchive</" "command> will integrate those package files together automatically." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:316 msgid "Sets header file to prepend to the contents output." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:321 msgid "" "Sets the binary cache database to use for this section. Multiple sections " "can share the same database." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:327 msgid "" "Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, <command>apt-" "ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the given file. " "Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:334 msgid "" "Specifies that instead of walking the directory tree, <command>apt-" "ftparchive</command> should read the list of files from the given file. " "Relative files names are prefixed with the archive directory. This is used " "when processing source indexes." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:342 msgid "<literal>Tree</literal> Section" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:344 msgid "" "The <literal>Tree</literal> section defines a standard Debian file tree " "which consists of a base directory, then multiple sections in that base " "directory and finally multiple Architectures in each section. The exact " "pathing used is defined by the <literal>Directory</literal> substitution " "variable." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:349 msgid "" "The <literal>Tree</literal> section takes a scope tag which sets the " "<literal>$(DIST)</literal> variable and defines the root of the tree (the " "path is prefixed by <literal>ArchiveDir</literal>). Typically this is a " "setting such as <filename>dists/&stable-codename;</filename>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:354 msgid "" "All of the settings defined in the <literal>TreeDefault</literal> section " "can be used in a <literal>Tree</literal> section as well as three new " "variables." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para><programlisting> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:360 #, no-wrap msgid "" "for i in Sections do \n" " for j in Architectures do\n" " Generate for DIST=scope SECTION=i ARCH=j\n" " " msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:357 msgid "" "When processing a <literal>Tree</literal> section <command>apt-ftparchive</" "command> performs an operation similar to: <placeholder type=\"programlisting" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:368 msgid "" "This is a space separated list of sections which appear under the " "distribution; typically this is something like <literal>main contrib non-" "free</literal>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:375 msgid "" "This is a space separated list of all the architectures that appear under " "search section. The special architecture 'source' is used to indicate that " "this tree has a source archive." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:388 msgid "" "Sets the binary override file. The override file contains section, priority " "and maintainer address information." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:394 msgid "" "Sets the source override file. The override file contains section " "information." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:400 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:446 msgid "Sets the binary extra override file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:405 apt-ftparchive.1.xml:451 msgid "Sets the source extra override file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:410 msgid "<literal>BinDirectory</literal> Section" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:412 msgid "" "The <literal>bindirectory</literal> section defines a binary directory tree " "with no special structure. The scope tag specifies the location of the " "binary directory and the settings are similar to the <literal>Tree</literal> " "section with no substitution variables or <literal>Section</" "literal><literal>Architecture</literal> settings." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:420 msgid "Sets the Packages file output." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:425 msgid "" "Sets the Sources file output. At least one of <literal>Packages</literal> or " "<literal>Sources</literal> is required." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:431 msgid "Sets the Contents file output (optional)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:436 msgid "Sets the binary override file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:441 msgid "Sets the source override file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:456 msgid "Sets the cache DB." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:461 msgid "Appends a path to all the output paths." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><refsect2><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:466 msgid "Specifies the file list file." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:473 msgid "The Binary Override File" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:474 msgid "" "The binary override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scanpackages;. It " "contains four fields separated by spaces. The first field is the package " "name, the second is the priority to force that package to, the third is the " "section to force that package to and the final field is the maintainer " "permutation field." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:480 #, no-wrap msgid "old [// oldn]* => new" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><literallayout> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:482 #, no-wrap msgid "new" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:479 msgid "" "The general form of the maintainer field is: <placeholder type=" "\"literallayout\" id=\"0\"/> or simply, <placeholder type=\"literallayout\" " "id=\"1\"/> The first form allows a double-slash separated list of old email " "addresses to be specified. If any of those are found then new is substituted " "for the maintainer field. The second form unconditionally substitutes the " "maintainer field." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:490 msgid "The Source Override File" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:492 msgid "" "The source override file is fully compatible with &dpkg-scansources;. It " "contains two fields separated by spaces. The first field is the source " "package name, the second is the section to assign it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><title> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:497 msgid "The Extra Override File" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:499 msgid "" "The extra override file allows any arbitrary tag to be added or replaced in " "the output. It has three columns, the first is the package, the second is " "the tag and the remainder of the line is the new value." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:510 msgid "" "Generate the given checksum. These options default to on, when turned off " "the generated index files will not have the checksum fields where possible. " "Configuration Items: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::<replaceable>Checksum</" "replaceable></literal> and <literal>APT::FTPArchive::<replaceable>Index</" "replaceable>::<replaceable>Checksum</replaceable></literal> where " "<literal><replaceable>Index</replaceable></literal> can be " "<literal>Packages</literal>, <literal>Sources</literal> or <literal>Release</" "literal> and <literal><replaceable>Checksum</replaceable></literal> can be " "<literal>MD5</literal>, <literal>SHA1</literal> or <literal>SHA256</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:521 msgid "" "Use a binary caching DB. This has no effect on the generate command. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DB</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:527 msgid "" "Quiet; produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. " "More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of 2. You can also use " "<option>-q=#</option> to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration " "file. Configuration Item: <literal>quiet</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:535 msgid "" "Perform Delinking. If the <literal>External-Links</literal> setting is used " "then this option actually enables delinking of the files. It defaults to on " "and can be turned off with <option>--no-delink</option>. Configuration " "Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::DeLinkAct</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:543 msgid "" "Perform contents generation. When this option is set and package indexes are " "being generated with a cache DB then the file listing will also be extracted " "and stored in the DB for later use. When using the generate command this " "option also allows the creation of any Contents files. The default is on. " "Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Contents</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:553 msgid "" "Select the source override file to use with the <literal>sources</literal> " "command. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::SourceOverride</" "literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:559 msgid "" "Make the caching databases read only. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::" "FTPArchive::ReadOnlyDB</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:564 msgid "" "Accept in the <literal>packages</literal> and <literal>contents</literal> " "commands only package files matching <literal>*_arch.deb</literal> or " "<literal>*_all.deb</literal> instead of all package files in the given " "path. Configuration Item: <literal>APT::FTPArchive::Architecture</literal>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:572 msgid "" "&apt-ftparchive; caches as much as possible of metadata in a cachedb. If " "packages are recompiled and/or republished with the same version again, this " "will lead to problems as the now outdated cached metadata like size and " "checksums will be used. With this option enabled this will no longer happen " "as it will be checked if the file was changed. Note that this option is set " "to \"<literal>false</literal>\" by default as it is not recommend to upload " "multiply versions/builds of a package with the same versionnumber, so in " "theory nobody will have these problems and therefore all these extra checks " "are useless." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:584 msgid "" "This configuration option defaults to \"<literal>true</literal>\" and should " "only be set to <literal>\"false\"</literal> if the Archive generated with " "&apt-ftparchive; also provides <filename>Translation</filename> files. Note " "that the <filename>Translation-en</filename> master file can only be created " "in the generate command." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para><programlisting> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:602 #, no-wrap msgid "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> packages <replaceable>directory</replaceable> | <command>gzip</command> > <filename>Packages.gz</filename>\n" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:598 msgid "" "To create a compressed Packages file for a directory containing binary " "packages (.deb): <placeholder type=\"programlisting\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><para> #: apt-ftparchive.1.xml:612 msgid "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> returns zero on normal operation, decimal " "100 on error." msgstr "" #. type: TH #: apt.8:17 #, no-wrap msgid "apt" msgstr "apt" #. type: TH #: apt.8:17 #, no-wrap msgid "16 June 1998" msgstr "" #. type: TH #: apt.8:17 #, no-wrap msgid "Debian" msgstr "" #. type: SH #: apt.8:18 #, no-wrap msgid "NAME" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.8:20 msgid "apt - Advanced Package Tool" msgstr "" #. type: SH #: apt.8:20 #, no-wrap msgid "SYNOPSIS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.8:22 msgid "B<apt>" msgstr "" #. type: SH #: apt.8:22 #, no-wrap msgid "DESCRIPTION" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.8:31 msgid "" "APT is a management system for software packages. For normal day to day " "package management there are several frontends available, such as B<aptitude>" "(8) for the command line or B<synaptic>(8) for the X Window System. Some " "options are only implemented in B<apt-get>(8) though." msgstr "" #. type: SH #: apt.8:31 #, no-wrap msgid "SEE ALSO" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.8:38 msgid "" "B<apt-cache>(8), B<apt-get>(8), B<apt.conf>(5), B<sources.list>(5), " "B<apt_preferences>(5), B<apt-secure>(8)" msgstr "" #. type: SH #: apt.8:38 #, no-wrap msgid "DIAGNOSTICS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.8:40 msgid "apt returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error." msgstr "" #. type: SH #: apt.8:40 #, no-wrap msgid "BUGS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.8:42 msgid "This manpage isn't even started." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.8:51 msgid "" "See E<lt>http://bugs.debian.org/aptE<gt>. If you wish to report a bug in " "B<apt>, please see I</usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt> or the " "B<reportbug>(1) command." msgstr "" #. type: SH #: apt.8:51 #, no-wrap msgid "AUTHOR" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: apt.8:52 msgid "apt was written by the APT team E<lt>apt@packages.debian.orgE<gt>." msgstr "" #. type: <title></title> #: guide.sgml:4 #, fuzzy msgid "APT User's Guide" msgstr "Guida dell'utente di APT" #. type: <author></author> #: guide.sgml:6 offline.sgml:6 #, fuzzy msgid "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" msgstr "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" #. type: <version></version> #: guide.sgml:7 #, fuzzy msgid "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" msgstr "$Id: guide.it.sgml,v 1.5 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" #. type: <abstract></abstract> #: guide.sgml:11 #, fuzzy msgid "" "This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager." msgstr "Guida per l'uso del gestore di pacchetti APT." #. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> #: guide.sgml:15 #, fuzzy msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:21 offline.sgml:22 #, fuzzy msgid "" "\"APT\" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/" "or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as " "published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, " "or (at your option) any later version." msgstr "" "\"APT\" e questo documento sono software libero, e li si può ridistribuire e/" "o modificare secondo i termini della Licenza Pubblica Generica GNU (GPL), " "pubblicata dalla Free Software Foundation, nella versione 2 o (se preferite) " "qualsiasi versione successiva." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:24 offline.sgml:25 #, fuzzy msgid "" "For more details, on Debian systems, see the file /usr/share/common-licenses/" "GPL for the full license." msgstr "" "Per ulteriori dettagli sui sistemi si veda il testo completo della licenza " "nel file /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:32 #, fuzzy msgid "General" msgstr "Descrizione generale" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:38 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <prgn>dselect</" "prgn> method and the <prgn>apt-get</prgn> command line user interface. Both " "provide a way to install and remove packages as well as download new " "packages from the Internet." msgstr "" "Il pacchetto APT al momento contiene due sezioni, il metodo APT " "<prgn>dselect</prgn> e l'interfaccia utente a linea di comando <prgn>apt-" "get</prgn>; entrambi danno modo di installare e rimuovere pacchetti, e di " "scaricarne altri da Internet." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:39 #, fuzzy msgid "Anatomy of the Package System" msgstr "Anatomia del sistema di pacchettizzazione" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:44 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated " "with each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into " "the system. The most prominent of its features is the dependency system." msgstr "" "Il sistema di pacchettizzazione di Debian contiene un gran numero di " "informazioni associate a ciascun pacchetto, per assicurarsi che si integri " "facilmente ed in maniera pulita nel sistema; la più importante di esse è il " "sistema di dipendenze." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:52 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared " "elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently " "used portions of a program in separate packages to reduce the number of " "things the average user is required to install. Also, it allows for choices " "in mail transport agents, X servers and so on." msgstr "" "Il sistema di dipendenze permette ai singoli programmi di fare uso degli " "elementi condivisi del sistema, quali le librerie; per ridurre il numero di " "elementi che l'utente medio debba installare, le porzioni di programmi che " "non vengono usate spesso vengono poste in pacchetti separati. Inoltre, è " "possibile avere più di una scelta per cose quali i programmi di posta " "elettronica, i server X e così via." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:57 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the " "concept of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a " "package requires another package to be installed at the same time to work " "properly." msgstr "" "Il primo passo per capire il sistema di dipendenze è la comprensione del " "concetto di dipendenza semplice: un pacchetto richiede che un altro sia " "installato insieme ad esso per poter funzionare." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:63 #, fuzzy msgid "" "For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email " "with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a " "simple dependency on GPG. Also, because it is an emacs extension it has a " "simple dependency on emacs, without emacs it is completely useless." msgstr "" "Ad esempio, mail-crypt è un'estensione di emacs che aiuta a criptare le mail " "con PGP. Se PGP non è installato, mail-crypt è inutile, quindi mail-crypt ha " "una dipendenza semplice da PGP. Inoltre, dato che si tratta di un'estensione " "di emacs, mail-crypt dipende anche da emacs, senza il quale è totalmente " "inutile." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:73 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It " "means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and " "may possibly be extremely harmful to the system. As an example consider a " "mail transport agent such as sendmail, exim or qmail. It is not possible to " "have two mail transport agents installed because both need to listen to the " "network to receive mail. Attempting to install two will seriously damage the " "system so all mail transport agents have a conflicting dependency with all " "other mail transport agents." msgstr "" "L'altro tipo di dipendenza importante da capire è la dipendenza di " "conflitto; con questa, un pacchetto che venga installato insieme ad un altro " "pacchetto non funziona, e si hanno seri problemi al sistema. Come esempio, " "si consideri un programma di trasporto della posta, quale sendmail, exim o " "qmail: non è possibile averne due contemporaneamente, perché entrambi hanno " "bisogno di restare in ascolto sulla stessa porta di rete per ricevere la " "posta. Tentare di installarne due danneggerebbe seriamente il sistema, " "quindi ciascun programma di trasporto della posta ha una dipendenza di " "conflitto con tutti gli altri." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:83 #, fuzzy msgid "" "As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend " "to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are " "identical, they both deliver mail and understand a common interface. Hence, " "the package system has a way for them to declare that they are both mail-" "transport-agents. So, exim and sendmail both declare that they provide a " "mail-transport-agent and other packages that need a mail transport agent " "depend on mail-transport-agent. This can add a great deal of confusion when " "trying to manually fix packages." msgstr "" "Come ulteriore complicazione, c'è la possibilità che un pacchetto voglia " "prendere il posto di un altro; ad esempio, exim e sendmail per molte cose " "sono identici, dato che entrambi gestiscono la posta e comprendono " "un'interfaccia comune, quindi il sistema di pacchettizzazione deve " "dichiarare che sono entrambi agenti di trasporto della posta, e che gli " "altri pacchetti a cui serve uno dei due devono dipendere da un pacchetto " "fittizio agente-di-trasporto-della-posta. Quando si modificano a mano i " "pacchetti, questo può portare a moltissima confusione." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:88 #, fuzzy msgid "" "At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are " "already installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency " "issues by providing a number of automatic algorithms that help in selecting " "packages for installation." msgstr "" "In ciascun momento una singola dipendenza può essere soddisfatta o meno dai " "pacchetti già installati; APT cerca di risolvere i problemi di dipendenze " "con un buon numero di algoritmi automatici, che aiutano a selezionare i " "pacchetti da installare." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:96 #, fuzzy msgid "apt-get" msgstr "apt-get" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:102 #, fuzzy msgid "" "<prgn>apt-get</prgn> provides a simple way to install packages from the " "command line. Unlike <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> does not " "understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and can only " "install .deb archives from a <em>Source</em>." msgstr "" "<prgn>apt-get</prgn> fornisce un modo semplice di installare i pacchetti " "dalla linea di comando. Diversamente da <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</" "prgn> non capisce i nomi dei file .deb, ma utilizza il vero nome dei " "pacchetti, e può installare archivi .deb solo da una fonte." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:109 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The first <footnote><p>If you are using an http proxy server you must set " "the http_proxy environment variable first, see sources.list(5)</p></" "footnote> thing that should be done before using <prgn>apt-get</prgn> is to " "fetch the package lists from the <em>Sources</em> so that it knows what " "packages are available. This is done with <tt>apt-get update</tt>. For " "instance," msgstr "" "La prima <footnote><p>Se state usando un proxy server http, dovete prima " "ancora impostare la variabile d'ambiente http_proxy; vedere sources.list(5)." "</p></footnote> cosa da fare prima di usare <prgn>apt-get</prgn> è impostare " "l'elenco dei pacchetti dalle fonti in modo che il programma sappia quali " "pacchetti sono disponibili. Lo si fa con <tt>apt-get update</tt>. Ad esempio," #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:116 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" "Building Dependency Tree... Done" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" "Building Dependency Tree... Done" #. type: <p><taglist> #: guide.sgml:120 #, fuzzy msgid "Once updated there are several commands that can be used:" msgstr "Dopo aver aggiornato l'elenco si possono usare molti comandi:" #. type: <tag></tag> #: guide.sgml:121 #, fuzzy msgid "upgrade" msgstr "upgrade" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:131 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never " "install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever " "upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break. This can be " "used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade will list all of " "the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually means that they depend " "on new packages or conflict with some other package. <prgn>dselect</prgn> or " "<tt>apt-get install</tt> can be used to force these packages to install." msgstr "" "Upgrade tenterà di fare un aggiornamento indolore del sistema completo, " "senza installare nuovi pacchetti o rimuoverne di esistenti, e senza " "aggiornare un pacchetto che possa rovinarne altri. Upgrade farà un elenco di " "tutti i pacchetti che non avrà potuto aggiornare, cosa che in genere " "significa che questi dipendono da nuovi pacchetti o vanno in conflitto con " "altri. Per forzare la loro installazione si può usare <prgn>dselect</prgn> o " "<tt>apt-get install</tt>." #. type: <tag></tag> #: guide.sgml:131 #, fuzzy msgid "install" msgstr "install" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:140 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically " "fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of " "the package to install and do not want to go into a GUI to select it. Any " "number of packages may be passed to install, they will all be fetched. " "Install automatically attempts to resolve dependency problems with the " "listed packages and will print a summary and ask for confirmation if " "anything other than its arguments are changed." msgstr "" "Install viene usato per installare i singoli pacchetti dando il loro nome. " "Il pacchetto viene automaticamente scaricato ed installato, cosa molto utile " "se già se ne conosce il nome e non si vuole entrare in grafica per " "selezionarlo. Al comando si possono passare anche più pacchetti, che saranno " "tutti scaricati. L'installazione automatica cerca di risolvere i problemi di " "dipendenze con gli altri pacchetti elencati, stampa un riassunto e chiede " "conferma se si devono modificare altri pacchetti che non siano quelli sulla " "linea di comando." #. type: <tag></tag> #: guide.sgml:140 #, fuzzy msgid "dist-upgrade" msgstr "dist-upgrade" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:149 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between " "releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best " "set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system " "to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use dist-" "upgrade rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in " "<prgn>dselect</prgn>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then <prgn>dselect</" "prgn> can be used to install any packages that may have been left out." msgstr "" "Dist-upgrade fa un aggiornamento completo, progettato in modo da rendere " "semplici gli aggiornamenti tra versioni di Debian. Usa un algoritmo " "sofisticato per determinare il miglior insieme di pacchetti da installare, " "aggiornare e rimuovere per arrivare alla versione più aggiornata del sistema " "possibile. In alcune situazioni può essere vantaggioso usare dist-upgrade " "invece che sprecare tempo a risolvere manualmente le dipendenze con " "<prgn>dselect</prgn>. Una volta completato dist-upgrade, si può usare " "<prgn>dselect</prgn> per installare eventuali pacchetti che sono stati " "tralasciati." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:152 #, fuzzy msgid "" "It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its " "decisions may sometimes be quite surprising." msgstr "" "È importante controllare attentamente cosa intende fare dist-upgrade, dato " "che le sue decisioni a volte possono essere abbastanza sorprendenti." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:163 #, fuzzy msgid "" "<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed in " "its man page, <manref section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. The most useful " "option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " "system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " "start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is used " "the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the command that " "caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." msgstr "" "<prgn>apt-get</prgn> ha diverse opzioni a linea di comando, che vengono " "documentate dettagliatamente nella sua pagina man, <manref section=\"8\" " "name=\"apt-get\">. L'opzione più utile è <tt>-d</tt>, che non installa i " "file scaricati: se il sistema deve scaricare un gran numero di pacchetti, " "non è bene farglieli installare subito, in caso dovesse andare male " "qualcosa. Dopo aver usato <tt>-d</tt>, gli archivi scaricati possono essere " "installati semplicemente dando di nuovo lo stesso comando senza l'opzione " "<tt>-d</tt>." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:168 #, fuzzy msgid "DSelect" msgstr "DSelect" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:173 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method provides the complete APT system with " "the <prgn>dselect</prgn> package selection GUI. <prgn>dselect</prgn> is used " "to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT actually installs " "them." msgstr "" "Il metodo APT di <prgn>dselect</prgn> fornisce tutte le funzionalità di APT " "all'interno dell'interfaccia grafica di selezione dei pacchetti " "<prgn>dselect</prgn>. <prgn>dselect</prgn> viene usato per selezionare i " "pacchetti da installare o rimuovere, ed APT li installa." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:184 #, fuzzy msgid "" "To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</prgn> " "and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " "<em>Sources</em> which are places to fetch archives from. These can be " "remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source can " "provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " "combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CD-ROM then " "it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you " "have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use packages on " "your CD-ROM before downloading from the Internet." msgstr "" "Per abilitare il metodo APT dovete selezionare [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</" "prgn> e scegliere il metodo APT; vi verrà chiesto un insieme di fonti " "(<em>Sources</em>), cioè di posti da cui scaricare gli archivi. Tali fonti " "possono essere siti Internet remoti, mirror locali di Debian o CDROM; " "ciascuna di esse può fornire una parte dell'archivio Debian, ed APT le " "combinerà insieme in un set completo di pacchetti. Se avete un CDROM è una " "buona idea indicare quello per primo, e poi i mirror, in modo da avere " "accesso alle ultime versioni; APT userà in questo modo automaticamente i " "pacchetti sul CDROM prima di scaricarli da Internet." #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:198 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" "\t \n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" "\t \n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" " \n" " \n" " URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" msgstr "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" "\t \n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" "\t \n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" " \n" " \n" " URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:205 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The <em>Sources</em> setup starts by asking for the base of the Debian " "archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution to " "get." msgstr "" "La configurazione delle fonti inizia chiedendo la base dell'archivio Debian, " "propone come default un mirror HTTP, e poi chiede la distribuzione da " "scaricare." #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:212 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" " \n" " Distribution [stable]:" msgstr "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" " \n" " Distribution [stable]:" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:222 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, <em>stable</" "em> refers to the latest released version and <em>unstable</em> refers to " "the developmental version. <em>non-US</em> is only available on some mirrors " "and refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things " "that cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages " "into the US is legal however." msgstr "" "La distribuzione (``distribution'') fa riferimento alla versione Debian " "dell'archivio: <em>stable</em> è l'ultima rilasciata, ed <em>unstable</em> è " "quella di sviluppo. <em>non-US</em> è disponibile solo su alcuni mirror, e " "contiene dei pacchetti in cui viene usata della tecnologia di criptazione o " "altre cose che non possano essere esportate dagli Stati Uniti; importare " "questi pacchetti negli US è però legale." #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:228 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" " \n" " Components [main contrib non-free]:" msgstr "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" " \n" " Components [main contrib non-free]:" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:236 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The " "distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free " "packages while contrib and non-free contain things that have various " "restrictions placed on their use and distribution." msgstr "" "L'elenco dei componenti (``components'') si riferisce alla lista di sotto-" "distribuzioni da scaricare. Ciascuna distribuzione viene divisa in base al " "copyright del software: la main contiene pacchetti la cui licenza soddisfa " "le DFSG, mentre contrib e non-free contengono software che ha diverse " "restrizioni sull'uso e sulla distribuzione." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:240 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt " "until you have specified all that you want." msgstr "" "Si possono inserire un qualsiasi numero di fonti, e lo script di " "configurazione continuerà a chiedere fino a che abbiate specificato tutti " "gli elementi che volete." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:247 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Before starting to use <prgn>dselect</prgn> it is necessary to update the " "available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of " "<tt>apt-get update</tt> that makes the fetched information available to " "<prgn>dselect</prgn>. [U]pdate must be performed even if <tt>apt-get update</" "tt> has been run before." msgstr "" "Prima di cominciare ad usare <prgn>dselect</prgn> è necessario aggiornare " "l'elenco dei pacchetti disponibili selezionando [U]pdate dal menù: si tratta " "di un sovrainsieme di ciò che fa <tt>apt-get update</tt>, che rende " "l'informazione scaricata disponibile a <prgn>dselect</prgn>. [U]pdate deve " "essere fatto anche se prima è stato dato <tt>apt-get update</tt>." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:253 #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform " "the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and " "[R]emove commands have no meaning, the [I]nstall command performs both of " "them together." msgstr "" "Si può a questo punto continuare selezionando i pacchetti desiderati usando " "[S]elect e poi installando con [I]nstall. Se si usa il metodo APT, i comandi " "[C]onfig e [R]emove non hanno significato, dato che entrambe le fasi sono " "contenute in [I]nstall." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:258 #, fuzzy msgid "" "By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they " "have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place <tt>Dselect::" "clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." msgstr "" "Per default APT rimuoverà automaticamente i pacchetti che sono stati " "installati con successo. Per modificare questo comportamento, si inserisca " "<tt>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:264 #, fuzzy msgid "The Interface" msgstr "L'interfaccia" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:278 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Both that APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> share the " "same interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what it will " "do and then goes and does it. <footnote><p>The <prgn>dselect</prgn> method " "actually is a set of wrapper scripts to <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. The method " "actually provides more functionality than is present in <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " "alone.</p></footnote> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " "then will print out some informative status messages so that you can " "estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." msgstr "" "Entrambi i metodi, <prgn>dselect</prgn> APT ed <prgn>apt-get</prgn>, " "condividono la stessa interfaccia; si tratta di un sistema semplice che " "indica in genere cosa sta per fare, e poi lo fa. <footnote><p>Il metodo " "<prgn>dselect</prgn> è in realtà un insieme di script di wrapper ad " "<prgn>apt-get</prgn>. Il metodo fornisce delle funzionalità maggiori del " "solo <prgn>apt-get</prgn>.</p></footnote> Dopo la stampa di un riassunto " "delle operazioni che saranno fatte, APT stampa dei messaggi informativi " "sullo stato del sistema, in modo che possiate avere davanti agli occhi a " "quale punto dell'operazione si trova, e quanto ancora si deve aspettare." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:280 #, fuzzy msgid "Startup" msgstr "Avvio" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:284 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to " "prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's state. " "At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get check</" "tt>." msgstr "" "Prima di ciascuna operazione, eccetto l'aggiornamento della lista, APT " "compie alcune operazioni per prepararsi, oltre a dei controlli dello stato " "del sistema. In qualsiasi momento le stesse operazioni possono essere fatte " "con <tt>apt-get check</tt>" #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:289 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" "Building Dependency Tree... Done" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" "Building Dependancy Tree... Done" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:297 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses " "a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is run. " "If some of the package files are not found then they will be ignored and a " "warning will be printed when apt-get exits." msgstr "" "La prima cosa che fa è leggere tutti i file dei pacchetti in memoria, usando " "uno schema di caching in modo da rendere la stessa operazione più veloce la " "seconda volta che la si fa. Se alcuni dei file dei pacchetti non vengono " "trovati, sono ignorati e viene stampato un avvertimento all'uscita di apt-" "get." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:303 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's " "dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked " "package and considers if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report " "will be printed out and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will refuse to run." msgstr "" "L'operazione finale consiste in un'analisi dettagliata delle dipendenze del " "sistema: viene controllato che tutte le dipendenze dei singoli pacchetti " "installati o non scompattati siano soddisfatte. Se vengono individuati dei " "problemi, viene stampato un resoconto, ed <prgn>apt-get</prgn> esce senza " "eseguire alcuna operazione." #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:320 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" "Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" "You might want to run apt-get -f install' to correct these.\n" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" " blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" " bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" " Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" "Building Dependancy Tree... Done\n" "You might want to run apt-get -f install' to correct these.\n" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" " blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" " bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" " Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:329 #, fuzzy msgid "" "In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem " "with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is " "printed out indicating the package with the problem and the dependencies " "that are unmet. A short explanation of why the package has a dependency " "problem is also included." msgstr "" "In questo esempio il sistema ha molti problemi, tra cui uno piuttosto serio " "con la libreadlineg2. Per ciascun pacchetto che ha dipendenze non " "soddisfatte, viene stampata una linea che indica il pacchetto che crea il " "problema e quali problemi ci sono. Viene inclusa inoltre una breve " "spiegazione del perché il pacchetto ha un problema di dipendenze." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:337 #, fuzzy msgid "" "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The first " "is caused by <prgn>dpkg</prgn> missing some subtle relationships between " "packages when performing upgrades. <footnote><p>APT however considers all " "known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken packages</p></footnote>. " "The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. In this " "situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents being " "installed." msgstr "" "Ci sono due modi in cui un sistema possa arrivare in uno stato problematico " "di questo genere: il primo è causato dal fatto che <prgn>dpkg</prgn> possa " "mancare alcune relazioni sottili tra pacchetti durante un aggiornamento del " "sistema<footnote><p>APT considera comunque tutte le dipendenze note, e cerca " "di prevenire problemi ai pacchetti</p></footnote>; il secondo è possibile se " "l'installazione di un pacchetto fallisce, ed in questo caso è possibile che " "un pacchetto venga scompattato senza che tutti quelli da cui dipende siano " "stati installati." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:345 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places " "certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases " "supplying the <tt>-f</tt> option to <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will cause APT to " "deduce a possible solution to the problem and then continue on. The APT " "<prgn>dselect</prgn> method always supplies the <tt>-f</tt> option to allow " "for easy continuation of failed maintainer scripts." msgstr "" "La seconda possibilità è meno seria della prima, dato che APT gestisce " "l'ordine di installazione dei pacchetti; in entrambi i casi l'opzione <tt>-" "f</tt> di <prgn>apt-get</prgn> gli farà trovare una soluzione e lo farà " "continuare. Il metodo APT di <prgn>dselect</prgn> comprende sempre l'opzione " "<tt>-f</tt> per permettere di configurare facilmente anche i pacchetti con " "script errati." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:351 #, fuzzy msgid "" "However, if the <tt>-f</tt> option is used to correct a seriously broken " "system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either fail " "immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either case it is " "necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct " "the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." msgstr "" "Se viene usata però l'opzione <tt>-f</tt> per correggere un sistema in uno " "stato molto problematico, è possibile che anche con l'opzione il programma " "fallisca, subito o durante la sequenza di installazione. In entrambi i casi " "è necessario usare dpkg a mano (probabilmente usando delle opzioni di " "forzatura) per correggere quanto basta per poter fare continuare APT." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:356 #, fuzzy msgid "The Status Report" msgstr "Il resoconto sullo stato" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:363 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Before proceeding <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will present a report on what will " "happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed " "but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists reflect the " "final state of things, taking into account the <tt>-f</tt> option and any " "other relevant activities to the command being executed." msgstr "" "Prima di procedere, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> presenterà un resoconto delle " "operazioni che sta per fare. In genere tale resoconto varierà con il tipo di " "operazioni da fare, ma ci sono alcuni elementi comuni: in tutti i casi gli " "elenchi dipendono dallo stato finale delle cose, e tengono conto " "dell'opzione <tt>-f</tt> e di altre attività rilevanti per il comando da " "eseguire." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:364 #, fuzzy msgid "The Extra Package list" msgstr "L'elenco dei pacchetti Extra" #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:372 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" " libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl\n" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" " ssh" msgstr "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" " libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl\n" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" " ssh" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:379 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or " "upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only " "generated for an <tt>install</tt> command. The listed packages are often the " "result of an Auto Install." msgstr "" "L'elenco dei pacchetti Extra mostra tutti i pacchetti che verranno " "installati o aggiornati oltre a quelli indicati sulla linea di comando. " "Viene generato solo per il comando <tt>install</tt>. I pacchetti elencati " "sono spesso il risultato di un'operazione di auto installazione (Auto " "Install)." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:382 #, fuzzy msgid "The Packages to Remove" msgstr "I pacchetti da rimuovere" #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:389 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" " nas xpilot xfig" msgstr "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" " nas xpilot xfig" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:399 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed " "from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be " "given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to be taken off. " "The <tt>-f</tt> option is especially good at generating packages to remove " "so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain packages " "that are going to be removed because they are only partially installed, " "possibly due to an aborted installation." msgstr "" "L'elenco dei pacchetti da rimuovere (Remove) indica tutti i pacchetti che " "verranno rimossi dal sistema. Può essere mostrato per una qualsiasi delle " "operazioni, e deve sempre essere esaminato attentamente per assicurarsi che " "non venga eliminato qualcosa di importante. Con l'opzione <tt>-f</tt> è " "particolarmente probabile che vengano eliminati dei pacchetti, ed in questo " "caso va fatta estrema attenzione. La lista può contenere dei pacchetti che " "verranno rimossi perché sono già rimossi parzialmente, forse a causa di " "un'installazione non terminata correttamente." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:402 #, fuzzy msgid "The New Packages list" msgstr "L'elenco dei nuovi pacchetti installati" #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:406 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" " zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" msgstr "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" " zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:411 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages " "listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is " "done." msgstr "" "L'elenco dei nuovi pacchetti installati (New) è semplicemente un appunto su " "quello che accadrà. I pacchetti nell'elenco non sono al momento installati " "nel sistema, ma lo saranno alla fine delle operazioni di APT." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:414 #, fuzzy msgid "The Kept Back list" msgstr "L'elenco dei pacchetti trattenuti" #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:419 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" " gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" msgstr "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" " gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:428 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that " "new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things " "or conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will " "appear in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed there " "to install is with <tt>apt-get install</tt> or by using <prgn>dselect</prgn> " "to resolve their problems." msgstr "" "In ogni caso in cui il sistema viene aggiornato nel suo insieme, c'è la " "possibilità che non possano venire installate nuove versioni di alcuni " "pacchetti, dato che potrebbero richiedere l'installazione di pacchetti non " "presenti nel sistema, o entrare in conflitto con altri già presenti. In " "questo caso, il pacchetto viene elencato nella lista di quelli trattenuti " "(Kept Back). Il miglior modo per convincere i pacchetti elencati in questa " "lista è di installarli con <tt>apt-get install</tt> o usare <prgn>dselect</" "prgn> per risolvere i problemi." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:431 #, fuzzy msgid "Held Packages warning" msgstr "Messaggi di attenzione sui pacchetti trattenuti" #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:435 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" " cvs" msgstr "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" " cvs" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:441 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a " "case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be changed. " "This should only happen during dist-upgrade or install." msgstr "" "A volte si può richiedere ad APT di installare un pacchetto che è stato " "trattenuto; in questi casi viene stampato un messaggio di attenzione, che " "avverte che il pacchetto verrà modificato. Questo dovrebbe accadere solo " "durante operazioni di dist-upgrade o di install." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:444 #, fuzzy msgid "Final summary" msgstr "Resoconto finale" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:447 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur." msgstr "" "Infine, APT stamperà un riassunto di tutte le modifiche che accadranno." #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:452 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" "Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." msgstr "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" "Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:470 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the " "lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already " "installed that have new versions available. The second line indicates the " "number of poorly configured packages, possibly the result of an aborted " "installation. The final line shows the space requirements that the " "installation needs. The first pair of numbers refer to the size of the " "archive files. The first number indicates the number of bytes that must be " "fetched from remote locations and the second indicates the total size of all " "the archives required. The next number indicates the size difference between " "the presently installed packages and the newly installed packages. It is " "roughly equivalent to the space required in /usr after everything is done. " "If a large number of packages are being removed then the value may indicate " "the amount of space that will be freed." msgstr "" "La prima linea del riassunto è semplicemente una versione ridotta di tutte " "le liste, ed include il numero di aggiornamenti -- cioè dei pacchetti già " "installati per cui sono disponibili nuove versioni. La seconda linea indica " "il numero di pacchetti con problemi di configurazione, probabilmente in " "conseguenza di un'installazione non andata a buon fine. La linea finale " "indica i requisiti di spazio dell'installazione: i primi due numeri indicano " "rispettivamente il numero di byte che devono essere trasferiti da posizioni " "remote, ed il secondo la dimensione totale di tutti gli archivi necessari " "per l'installazione. Il numero successivo indica la differenza in dimensione " "tra i pacchetti già installati e quelli che lo saranno, ed è " "approssimativamente equivalente allo spazio richiesto in /usr dopo " "l'installazione. Se si stanno rimuovendo dei pacchetti, il valore può " "indicare lo spazio che verrà liberato." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:473 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages " "to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples." msgstr "" "Si possono generare altri resoconti usando l'opzione -u per mostrare i " "pacchetti da aggiornare, ma sono simili all'esempio precedente." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:477 #, fuzzy msgid "The Status Display" msgstr "La visualizzazione dello stato" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:481 #, fuzzy msgid "" "During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of " "status messages." msgstr "" "Durante il download degli archivi e dei file dei pacchetti, APT stampa una " "serie di messaggi di stato." #. type: <example></example> #: guide.sgml:490 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" "Get:2 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" "11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" "Get:2 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" "11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:500 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The lines starting with <em>Get</em> are printed out when APT begins to " "fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the download. The " "first percent value on the progress line indicates the total percent done of " "all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files is unknown " "<tt>apt-get update</tt> estimates the percent done which causes some " "inaccuracies." msgstr "" "Le linee che cominciano con <em>Get</em> vengono stampate quando APT inizia " "a scaricare un file, e l'ultima linea indica il progresso dell'operazione. " "Il primo valore in percentuale indica la percentuale totale di tutti i file; " "dato che la dimensione dei file Package non è nota, purtroppo a volte " "<tt>apt-get update</tt> fa una stima poco accurata." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:509 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download " "thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful " "information about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read " "<em>Forking</em> which means the OS is loading the download module. The " "first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the history lines. " "The next word is the short form name of the object being downloaded. For " "archives it will contain the name of the package that is being fetched." msgstr "" "La sezione successiva della linea di stato viene ripetuta una volta per " "ciascuna fase del download, ed indica l'operazione in corso, insieme ad " "alcune informazioni utili su cosa stia accadendo. A volte questa sezione " "contiene solamente <em>Forking</em>, che significa che il sistema operativo " "sta caricando il modulo. La prima parola dopo la parentesi quadra aperta è " "il nome breve dell'oggetto che si sta scaricando, che per gli archivi è il " "nome del pacchetto." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:524 #, fuzzy msgid "" "Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress " "of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from " "<em>Connecting</em> to <em>Waiting for file</em> to <em>Downloading</em> or " "<em>Resuming</em>. The final value is the number of bytes downloaded from " "the remote site. Once the download begins this is represented as " "<tt>102/10.2k</tt> indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 " "kilobytes is expected. The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation " "to preserve space. After the size display is a percent meter for the file " "itself. The second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This " "values is updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for " "that period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated " "regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown transfer " "rate." msgstr "" "All'interno delle virgolette c'è una stringa informativa, che indica il " "progresso della fase di negoziazione del download. Tipicamente comincia con " "<em>Connecting</em>, procede con <em>Waiting for file</em> e poi con " "<em>Downloading</em> o <em>Resuming</em>. Il valore finale è il numero di " "byte che sono stati scaricati dal sito remoto: una volta cominciato il " "download viene rappresentato come <tt>102/10.2k</tt>, che indica che sono " "stati scaricati 102 byte di 10.2 kilobyte. La dimensione totale viene sempre " "espressa in notazione a quattro cifre, per risparmiare spazio. Dopo la " "dimensione viene indicato un indicatore progressivo della percentuale del " "file. Il penultimo elemento è la velocità istantanea media, che viene " "aggiornata ogni 5 secondi, e riflette la velocità di trasferimento dei dati " "in quel periodo. Infine, viene visualizzato il tempo stimato per il " "trasferimento, che viene aggiornato periodicamente e riflette il tempo " "necessario per completare tutte le operazioni alla velocità di trasferimento " "mostrata." #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:530 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback " "on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file " "is started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is unsuitable " "for logging to a file, use the <tt>-q</tt> option to remove the status " "display." msgstr "" "La visualizzazione dello stato viene aggiornata ogni mezzo secondo per " "fornire un feedback costante del processo di download, e le linee Get " "scorrono indietro quando viene cominciato il download di un nuovo file. Dato " "che la visualizzazione dello stato viene costantemente aggiornata, non è " "adatta per essere registrata in un file; per non visualizzarla si può usare " "l'opzione <tt>-q</tt>." #. type: <heading></heading> #: guide.sgml:535 #, fuzzy msgid "Dpkg" msgstr "Dpkg" #. type: <p></p> #: guide.sgml:542 #, fuzzy msgid "" "APT uses <prgn>dpkg</prgn> for installing the archives and will switch over " "to the <prgn>dpkg</prgn> interface once downloading is completed. " "<prgn>dpkg</prgn> will also ask a number of questions as it processes the " "packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. Before " "each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and the " "questions are too varied to discuss completely here." msgstr "" "APT usa <prgn>dpkg</prgn> per installare gli archivi e passerà " "all'interfaccia <prgn>dpkg</prgn> una volta finito il download. <prgn>dpkg</" "prgn> porrà anche alcune domande durante la manipolazione dei pacchetti, ed " "i pacchetti stessi potranno farne altre. Prima di ciascuna domanda viene " "proposta una descrizione di quello che sta per chiedere, e le domande sono " "troppo diverse per poter essere discusse in maniera completa in questa " "occasione." #. type: <title></title> #: offline.sgml:4 msgid "Using APT Offline" msgstr "" #. type: <version></version> #: offline.sgml:7 #, fuzzy msgid "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" msgstr "$Id: guide.it.sgml,v 1.5 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" #. type: <abstract></abstract> #: offline.sgml:12 msgid "" "This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, " "specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades." msgstr "" #. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> #: offline.sgml:16 #, fuzzy msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." #. type: <heading></heading> #: offline.sgml:32 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: <heading></heading> #: offline.sgml:34 offline.sgml:65 offline.sgml:180 msgid "Overview" msgstr "" #. type: <p></p> #: offline.sgml:40 msgid "" "Normally APT requires direct access to a Debian archive, either from a local " "media or through a network. Another common complaint is that a Debian " "machine is on a slow link, such as a modem and another machine has a very " "fast connection but they are physically distant." msgstr "" #. type: <p></p> #: offline.sgml:51 msgid "" "The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a " "SuperDisk disc. These discs are not large enough to store the entire Debian " "archive but can easily fit a subset large enough for most users. The idea is " "to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch " "them onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is even " "possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely " "different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <em>remote host</em> mean " "the machine downloading the packages, and <em>target host</em> the one with " "bad or no connection." msgstr "" #. type: <p></p> #: offline.sgml:57 msgid "" "This is achieved by creatively manipulating the APT configuration file. The " "essential premise to tell APT to look on a disc for it's archive files. Note " "that the disc should be formated with a filesystem that can handle long file " "names such as ext2, fat32 or vfat." msgstr "" #. type: <heading></heading> #: offline.sgml:63 msgid "Using APT on both machines" msgstr "" #. type: <p><example> #: offline.sgml:71 msgid "" "APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The " "basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the " "remote machine to fetch the latest package files and decide which packages " "to download. The disk directory structure should look like:" msgstr "" #. type: <example></example> #: offline.sgml:80 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /disc/\n" " archives/\n" " partial/\n" " lists/\n" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" " apt.conf" msgstr "" #. type: <heading></heading> #: offline.sgml:88 msgid "The configuration file" msgstr "" #. type: <p></p> #: offline.sgml:96 msgid "" "The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and to " "use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should " "contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and " "the status file should be a copy of <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> from the " "<em>target host</em>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must " "use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." msgstr "" #. type: <p><example> #: offline.sgml:100 msgid "" "<em>apt.conf</em> must contain the necessary information to make APT use the " "disc:" msgstr "" #. type: <example></example> #: offline.sgml:124 #, no-wrap msgid "" " APT\n" " {\n" " /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" " \n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" " \n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" " the /var/lib/dpkg default */\n" " State \"/disc/\";\n" " State::status \"status\";\n" "\n" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" " \n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" " };" msgstr "" #. type: </example></p> #: offline.sgml:129 msgid "" "More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample " "configuration file in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." msgstr "" #. type: <p><example> #: offline.sgml:136 msgid "" "On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy <em>/" "var/lib/dpkg/status</em> to it. You will also need to create the directories " "outlined in the Overview, <em>archives/partial/</em> and <em>lists/partial/</" "em>. Then take the disc to the remote machine and configure the sources." "list. On the remote machine execute the following:" msgstr "" #. type: <example></example> #: offline.sgml:142 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT fetches the package files ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]" msgstr "" #. type: </example></p> #: offline.sgml:149 msgid "" "The dist-upgrade command can be replaced with any other standard APT " "commands, particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end " "such as <em>dselect</em>. However this presents a problem in communicating " "your selections back to the local computer." msgstr "" #. type: <p><example> #: offline.sgml:153 msgid "" "Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade " "the target machine. Take the disc back and run:" msgstr "" #. type: <example></example> #: offline.sgml:159 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT generates a local copy of the cache files ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" " [ Or any other APT command ]" msgstr "" #. type: <p></p> #: offline.sgml:165 msgid "" "It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the " "local one. This is very important!" msgstr "" #. type: <p></p> #: offline.sgml:172 msgid "" "If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying disc/" "status to /var/lib/dpkg/status so that any selections you made on the remote " "machine are updated. I highly recommend that people only make selections on " "the local machine - but this may not always be possible. DO NOT copy the " "status file if dpkg or APT have been run in the mean time!!" msgstr "" #. type: <heading></heading> #: offline.sgml:178 msgid "Using APT and wget" msgstr "" #. type: <p></p> #: offline.sgml:185 msgid "" "<em>wget</em> is a popular and portable download tool that can run on nearly " "any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian machine " "already has a list of available packages." msgstr "" #. type: <p></p> #: offline.sgml:190 msgid "" "The basic idea is to create a disc that has only the archive files " "downloaded from the remote site. This is done by using the --print-uris " "option to apt-get and then preparing a wget script to actually fetch the " "packages." msgstr "" #. type: <heading></heading> #: offline.sgml:196 msgid "Operation" msgstr "" #. type: <p><example> #: offline.sgml:200 msgid "" "Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are required. " "We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list." msgstr "" #. type: <example></example> #: offline.sgml:205 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" " [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ]\n" " # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" " # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" msgstr "" #. type: </example></p> #: offline.sgml:210 msgid "" "Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including dselect-" "upgrade." msgstr "" #. type: <p></p> #: offline.sgml:216 msgid "" "The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to " "execute in order to fetch the necessary archives. This script should be run " "with the current directory as the disc's mount point so as to save the " "output on the disc." msgstr "" #. type: <p><example> #: offline.sgml:219 msgid "The remote machine would do something like" msgstr "" #. type: <example></example> #: offline.sgml:223 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" " [ wait.. ]" msgstr "" #. type: </example><example> #: offline.sgml:228 msgid "" "Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine " "installation can proceed using," msgstr "" #. type: <example></example> #: offline.sgml:230 #, no-wrap msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" msgstr "" #. type: </example></p> #: offline.sgml:234 msgid "Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc." msgstr ""