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Diffstat (limited to 'doc')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/apt.conf.5.xml | 9 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/design.dbk | 438 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/design.sgml | 411 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/docbook-html-style.xsl | 40 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/docbook-text-style.xsl | 70 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/dpkg-tech.dbk | 895 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/dpkg-tech.sgml | 511 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/files.dbk | 392 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/files.sgml | 345 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/guide.dbk | 560 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/guide.sgml | 547 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/makefile | 30 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/manpage-style.xsl | 1 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/method.dbk | 712 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/method.sgml | 354 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/offline.dbk (renamed from doc/offline.sgml) | 309 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/po/apt-doc.pot | 880 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/po/de.po | 1330 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/po/es.po | 1311 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/po/fr.po | 1344 | ||||
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| -rw-r--r-- | doc/po/pt_BR.po | 893 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/po4a.conf | 28 |
26 files changed, 8876 insertions, 7485 deletions
diff --git a/doc/apt.conf.5.xml b/doc/apt.conf.5.xml index 21878e262..31c8f63dc 100644 --- a/doc/apt.conf.5.xml +++ b/doc/apt.conf.5.xml @@ -608,10 +608,11 @@ DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs {"/usr/sbin/dpkg-preconfigure --apt";}; information, such as the two package caches <literal>srcpkgcache</literal> and <literal>pkgcache</literal> as well as the location to place downloaded archives, <literal>Dir::Cache::archives</literal>. Generation of caches can be turned off - by setting their names to the empty string. This will slow down startup but - save disk space. It is probably preferable to turn off the pkgcache rather - than the srcpkgcache. Like <literal>Dir::State</literal> the default - directory is contained in <literal>Dir::Cache</literal></para> + by setting <literal>pkgcache</literal> or <literal>srcpkgcache</literal> to + <literal>""</literal>. This will slow down startup but save disk space. It + is probably preferable to turn off the pkgcache rather than the srcpkgcache. + Like <literal>Dir::State</literal> the default directory is contained in + <literal>Dir::Cache</literal></para> <para><literal>Dir::Etc</literal> contains the location of configuration files, <literal>sourcelist</literal> gives the location of the sourcelist and diff --git a/doc/design.dbk b/doc/design.dbk new file mode 100644 index 000000000..06743c8af --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/design.dbk @@ -0,0 +1,438 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!-- -*- DocBook -*- --> +<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ +<!ENTITY % aptverbatiment SYSTEM "apt-verbatim.ent"> %aptverbatiment; +]> + +<book lang="en"> + +<title>The APT project design document</title> + +<bookinfo> + +<authorgroup> + <author> + <personname>Manoj Srivastava</personname><email>srivasta@debian.org</email> + </author> +</authorgroup> + +<releaseinfo>Version &apt-product-version;</releaseinfo> + +<abstract> +<para> +This document is an overview of the specifications and design goals of the APT +project. It also attempts to give a broad description of the implementation +as well. +</para> +</abstract> + +<copyright><year>1997</year><holder>Manoj Srivastava</holder></copyright> + +<legalnotice> +<title>License Notice</title> +<para> +APT, including this document, is free software; you may redistribute it and/or +modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the +Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later +version. +</para> +<para> +This is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but <emphasis>without +any warranty</emphasis>; without even the implied warranty of merchantability +or fitness for a particular purpose. See the GNU General Public License for +more details. +</para> +<para> +You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License with your +Debian system, in <literal>/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL</literal>, or with +the <command>debiandoc-sgml</command> source package as the file +<literal>COPYING</literal>. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation, +Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. +</para> +</legalnotice> + +</bookinfo> + +<chapter id="introduction"><title>Introduction</title> +<para> +APT is supposed to be a replacement for dselect, and not a replacement for +dpkg. However, since addition functionality has been required for APT, and +given the fact that this is very closely related to dpkg, it is not +unreasonable to expect that additional functionality in the underlying dpkg +would also be requested. +</para> +<para> +Deity/dselect are the first introduction that people have to Debian, and +unfortunately this first impression contributes greatly to the public +perception of the distribution. It is imperative that this be a showcase for +Debian, rather than frighten novices away (which has been an accusation often +levelled at the current system) +</para> +</chapter> + +<chapter id="ch2"><title>Requirements</title> +<orderedlist numeration="arabic"> +<listitem> +<para> +APT should be a replacement for dselect. Therefore it should have all the +functionality that dselect has currently. This is the primary means of +interaction between the user and the package management system, and it should +be able to handle all tasks involved in installing, upgrading, and routine +management without having the users take recourse to the underlying management +system. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +It should be easier to use and less confusing for novice users. The primary +stimulus for the creation of APT was the perceived intractability, complexity, +and non-intuitive behavior of the existing user interface, and as such, human +factors must be a primary mandate of APT. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +It should be able to group packages more flexibly, and possibly allow +operations based on a group. One should be able to select, or deselect, +a coherent group of related packages simultaneously, allowing one to add, +remove, or upgrade functionality to a machine as one step. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +This would allow APT to handle <emphasis>standard installations</emphasis>, +namely, one could then install a set of packages to enable a machine to +fulfill specific tasks. Define a few standard installations, and which +packages are included therein. The packages should be internally consistent. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Make use of a keywords field in package headers; provide a standard list of +keywords for people to use. This could be the underpinning to allow the +previous two requirements to work (though the developers are not constrained +to implement the previous requirements using keywords) +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Use dependencies, conflicts, and reverse dependencies to properly order +packages for installation and removal. This has been a complaint in the past +that the installation methods do not really understand dependencies, causing +the upgrade process to break, or allowing the removal of packages that left the +system in an untenable state by breaking the dependencies on packages that were +dependent on the package being removed. A special emphasis is placed on +handling pre-dependencies correctly; the target of a predependency has to be +fully configured before attempting to install the pre-dependent package. Also, +<emphasis>configure immediately</emphasis> requests mentioned below should be +handled. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Handle replacement of a package providing a virtual package with another (for +example, it has been very difficult replacing <command>sendmail</command> with +<command>smail</command>, or vice versa), making sure that the dependencies are +still satisfied. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Handle source lists for updates from multiple sources. APT should also be able +to handle diverse methods of acquiring new packages; local filesystem, +mountable CD-ROM drives, FTP accessible repositories are some of the methods +that come to mind. Also, the source lists can be separated into categories, +such as main, contrib, non-us, non-local, non-free, my-very-own, etc. APT +should be set up to retrieve the Packages files from these multiple source +lists, as well as retrieving the packages themselves. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Handle base of source and acquire all Packages files underneath. (possibly +select based on architecture), this should be a simple extension of the +previous requirement. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Handle remote installation (to be implemented maybe in a future version, it +still needs to be designed). This would ease the burden of maintaining +multiple Debian machines on a site. In the authors opinion this is a killer +difference for the distribution, though it may be too hard a problem to be +implemented with the initial version of APT. However, some thought must be +given to this to enable APT to retain hooks for future functionality, or at +least to refrain from methods that may preclude remote activity. It is +desirable that adding remote installation not require a redesign of APT from +the ground up. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Be scalable. Dselect worked a lot better with 400 packages, but at last count +the number of packages was around twelve hundred and climbing. This also +requires APT to pay attention to the needs of small machines which are low on +memory (though this requirement shall diminish as we move towards bigger +machines, it would still be nice if Debian worked on all old machines where +Linux itself would work). +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Handle install immediately requests. Some packages, like watchdog, are +required to be working for the stability of the machine itself. There are +others which may be required for the correct functioning of a production +machine, or which are mission critical applications. APT should, in these +cases, upgrade the packages with minimal downtime; allowing these packages to +be one of potentially hundreds of packages being upgraded concurrently may +not satisfy the requirements of the package or the site. (Watchdog, for +example, if not restarted quickly, may cause the machine to reboot in the +midst of installation, which may cause havoc on the machine) +</para> +</listitem> +</orderedlist> +</chapter> + +<chapter id="ch3"><title>Procedural description</title> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry> +<term>Set Options</term> +<listitem> +<para> +This process handles setting of user or site options, and configuration of all +aspects of APT. It allows the user to set the location and order of package +sources, allowing them to set up source list details, like ftp site locations, +passwords, etc. Display options may also be set. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Updates</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Build a list of available packages, using source lists or a base location and +trawling for Packages files (needs to be aware of architecture). This may +involve finding and retrieving Packages files, storing them locally for +efficiency, and parsing the data for later use. This would entail contacting +various underlying access modules (ftp, cdrom mounts, etc) Use a backing store +for speed. This may also require downloading the actual package files locally +for speed. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Local status</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Build up a list of packages already installed. This requires reading and +writing the local?? status file. For remote installation, this should +probably use similar mechanisms as the Packages file retrieval does. Use +the backing store for speed. One should consider multiple backing stores, +one for each machine. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Relationship determination</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Determine forward and reverse dependencies. All known dependency fields should +be acted upon, since it is fairly cheap to do so. Update the backing store +with this information. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Selection</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Present the data to the user. Look at Behan Webster's documentation for the +user interface procedures. (Note: In the authors opinion deletions and reverse +dependencies should also be presented to the user, in a strictly symmetric +fashion; this may make it easier to prevent a package being removed that breaks +dependencies) +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Ordering of package installations and configuration</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Build a list of events. Simple topological sorting gives order of packages +in dependency order. At certain points in this ordering, +predependencies/immediate configure directives cause an break in normal +ordering. We need to insert the uninstall/purge directive in the stream +(default: as early as possible). +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Action</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Take the order of installations and removals and build up a stream of events +to send to the packaging system (dpkg). Execute the list of events if +successful. Do not partially install packages and leave system in broken +state. Go to The Selection step as needed. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +</chapter> + +<chapter id="ch4"><title>Modules and interfaces</title> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry> +<term>The user interface module</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Look at Behan Webster's documentation. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Widget set</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Related closely to above Could some one present design decisions of the widget +set here? +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>pdate Module</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Distinct versions of the same package are recorded separately, but if multiple +Packages files contain the same version of a package, then only the first one +is recorded. For this reason, the least expensive update source should be +listed first (local file system is better than a remote ftp site) +</para> +<para> +This module should interact with the user interface module to set and change +configuration parameters for the modules listed below. It needs to record that +information in an on disk data file, to be read on future invocations. +</para> +<orderedlist numeration="arabic"> +<listitem> +<para> +FTP methods +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +mount and file traversal module(s)? +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Other methods ??? +</para> +</listitem> +</orderedlist> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Status file parser/generator</term> +<listitem> +<para> +The status file records the current state of the system, listing the packages +installed, etc. The status file is also one method of communicating with dpkg, +since it is perfectly permissible for the user to use APT to request packages +be updated, put others on hold, mark other for removal, etc, and then run +<literal>dpkg -BORGiE</literal> on a file system. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Package file parser/generator</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Related to above. Handle multiple Packages files, from different +sources. Each package contains a link back to the packages file structure +that contains details about the origin of the data. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Dependency module</term> +<listitem> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +dependency/conflict determination and linking +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +reverse dependency generator. Maybe merged with above +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Package ordering Module</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Create an ordering of the actions to be taken. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Event generator</term> +<listitem> +<para> +module to interact with dpkg +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +</chapter> + +<chapter id="ch5"><title>Data flow and conversions analysis.</title> +<screen> + ____________ + __\|ftp modules| + / /|___________| + _ ____________ / ________________ + | update | / |mount/local file| + |==========================>| module |/_____\| traversals | + | |_____________| /|________________| + | ^ ^ + | | | ______________ + ______|_______ _ _____ ______ | _____v________ \| | + |Configuration | |configuration| | |Packages Files| ===|Status file | + | module |<=>| data | | |______________| / /|____________| + |______________| |_____________| | ^ / + ^ | | / + | | _______v_______|/_ + | | | | ________________ + | | | |/_\| Dependency | + | | |backing store |\ /| Module | + | | |______________| _|_______________| + | \ ^ /| ^ + | \ | / | + | _\|____v_______|/__ ____v_______ + |_____________________________\| User interaction| | dpkg | + /|_________________|<==> Invoker | + |___________| +</screen> +<para> +dpkg also interacts with status and available files. +</para> +<para> +The backing store and the associated data structures are the core of APT. All +modules essentially revolve around the backing store, feeding it data, adding +and manipulating links and relationships between data in the backing store, +allowing the user to interact with and modify the data in the backing store, +and finally writing it out as the status file and possibly issuing directives +to dpkg. +</para> +<para> +The other focal point for APT is the user interface. +</para> +</chapter> + +</book> diff --git a/doc/design.sgml b/doc/design.sgml deleted file mode 100644 index 67406aa01..000000000 --- a/doc/design.sgml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,411 +0,0 @@ -<!doctype debiandoc PUBLIC "-//DebianDoc//DTD DebianDoc//EN"> -<debiandoc> - <book> - <titlepag> - <title> The APT project design document</title> - <author> - <name>Manoj Srivastava</name> - <email>srivasta@debian.org</email> - </author> - <version>$Id: design.sgml,v 1.4 2003/02/12 15:05:45 doogie Exp $</version> - <abstract> - This document is an overview of the specifications and design - goals of the APT project. It also attempts to give a broad - description of the implementation as well. - </abstract> - <copyright> - <copyrightsummary>Copyright ©1997 Manoj Srivastava - </copyrightsummary> - <p> - APT, including this document, is free software; you may - redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU - General Public License as published by the Free Software - Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any later - version.</p> - <p> - This is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but - <em>without any warranty</em>; without even the implied - warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular - purpose. See the GNU General Public License for more - details.</p> - - <p> - You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public - License with your Debian system, in - <tt>/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL</tt>, or with the - <prgn/debiandoc-sgml/ source package as the file - <tt>COPYING</tt>. If not, write to the Free Software - Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, - USA.</p> - </copyright> - </titlepag> - <chapt id="introduction"> - <heading>Introduction</heading> - <p>APT is supposed to be a replacement for dselect, and not a - replacement for dpkg. However, since addition functionality - has been required for APT, and given the fact that this is - very closely related to dpkg, it is not unreasonable to expect - that additional functionality in the underlying dpkg would - also be requested.</p> - - <p> Deity/dselect are the first introduction that people have to - Debian, and unfortunately this first impression contributes - greatly to the public perception of the distribution. It is - imperative that this be a showcase for Debian, rather than - frighten novices away (which has been an accusation often - levelled at the current system)</p> - </chapt> - <chapt> - <heading>Requirements</heading> - <p> - <enumlist compact="compact"> - <item> - <p> - APT should be a replacement for dselect. Therefore it - should have all the functionality that dselect has - currently. This is the primary means of interaction - between the user and the package management system, and - it should be able to handle all tasks involved in - installing, upgrading, and routine management without - having the users take recourse to the underlying - management system.</p> - </item> - <item> - <p> - It should be easier to use and less confusing for novice - users. The primary stimulus for the creation of APT - was the perceived intractability, complexity, and - non-intuitive behavior of the existing user interface, - and as such, human factors must be a primary mandate of - APT.</p> - </item> - <item> - <p> - It should be able to group packages more flexibly, and - possibly allow operations based on a group. One should - be able to select, or deselect, a coherent group of - related packages simultaneously, allowing one to add, - remove, or upgrade functionality to a machine as one - step. - </p> - </item> - <item> - <p> - This would allow APT to handle <em>standard - installations</em>, namely, one could then install a - set of packages to enable a machine to fulfill specific - tasks. Define a few standard installations, and which - packages are included therein. The packages should be - internally consistent.</p> - </item> - <item> - <p> - Make use of a keywords field in package headers; provide - a standard list of keywords for people to use. This - could be the underpinning to allow the previous two - requirements to work (though the developers are not - constrained to implement the previous requirements using - keywords) - </p> - </item> - <item> - <p> - Use dependencies, conflicts, and reverse dependencies to - properly order packages for installation and - removal. This has been a complaint in the past that the - installation methods do not really understand - dependencies, causing the upgrade process to break, or - allowing the removal of packages that left the system in - an untenable state by breaking the dependencies on - packages that were dependent on the package being - removed. A special emphasis is placed on handling - pre-dependencies correctly; the target of a - predependency has to be fully configured before - attempting to install the pre-dependent package. Also, - <em>configure immediately</em> requests mentioned below - should be handled.</p> - </item> - <item> - <p> - Handle replacement of a package providing a virtual - package with another (for example, it has been very - difficult replacing <prgn>sendmail</prgn> with - <prgn>smail</prgn>, or vice versa), making sure that the - dependencies are still satisfied. </p> - </item> - <item> - <p> - Handle source lists for updates from multiple - sources. APT should also be able to handle diverse - methods of acquiring new packages; local filesystem, - mountable CD-ROM drives, FTP accessible repositories are - some of the methods that come to mind. Also, the source - lists can be separated into categories, such as main, - contrib, non-us, non-local, non-free, my-very-own, - etc. APT should be set up to retrieve the Packages - files from these multiple source lists, as well as - retrieving the packages themselves. </p> - </item> - <item> - <p> - Handle base of source and acquire all Packages files - underneath. (possibly select based on architecture), - this should be a simple extension of the previous - requirement.</p> - </item> - <item> - <p> - Handle remote installation (to be implemented maybe in a - future version, it still needs to be designed). This - would ease the burden of maintaining multiple Debian - machines on a site. In the authors opinion this is a - killer difference for the distribution, though it may be - too hard a problem to be implemented with the initial - version of APT. However, some thought must be given to - this to enable APT to retain hooks for future - functionality, or at least to refrain from methods that - may preclude remote activity. It is desirable that - adding remote installation not require a redesign of - APT from the ground up.</p> - </item> - <item> - <p> - Be scalable. Dselect worked a lot better with 400 - packages, but at last count the number of packages was - around twelve hundred and climbing. This also requires - APT to pay attention to the needs of small machines - which are low on memory (though this requirement shall - diminish as we move towards bigger machines, it would - still be nice if Debian worked on all old machines where - Linux itself would work).</p> - </item> - <item> - <p> - Handle install immediately requests. Some packages, like - watchdog, are required to be working for the stability - of the machine itself. There are others which may be - required for the correct functioning of a production - machine, or which are mission critical - applications. APT should, in these cases, upgrade the - packages with minimal downtime; allowing these packages - to be one of potentially hundreds of packages being - upgraded concurrently may not satisfy the requirements - of the package or the site. (Watchdog, for example, if - not restarted quickly, may cause the machine to reboot - in the midst of installation, which may cause havoc on - the machine)</p> - </item> - </enumlist> - </p> - </chapt> - <chapt> - <heading>Procedural description</heading> - <p><taglist> - <tag>Set Options</tag> - <item> - <p> - This process handles setting of user or - site options, and configuration of all aspects of - APT. It allows the user to set the location and order - of package sources, allowing them to set up source list - details, like ftp site locations, passwords, - etc. Display options may also be set.</p> - </item> - <tag>Updates</tag> - <item> - <p> - Build a list of available packages, using - source lists or a base location and trawling for - Packages files (needs to be aware of architecture). This - may involve finding and retrieving Packages files, - storing them locally for efficiency, and parsing the - data for later use. This would entail contacting various - underlying access modules (ftp, cdrom mounts, etc) Use a - backing store for speed. This may also require - downloading the actual package files locally for - speed.</p> - </item> - <tag>Local status</tag> - <item> - <p> - Build up a list of packages already - installed. This requires reading and writing the local?? - status file. For remote installation, this should - probably use similar mechanisms as the Packages file - retrieval does. Use the backing store for speed. One - should consider multiple backing stores, one for each - machine. - </p> - </item> - <tag>Relationship determination</tag> - <item> - <p> - Determine forward and reverse dependencies. All known - dependency fields should be acted upon, since it is - fairly cheap to do so. Update the backing store with - this information.</p> - </item> - <tag>Selection</tag> - <item> - <p> - Present the data to the user. Look at Behan Webster's - documentation for the user interface procedures. (Note: - In the authors opinion deletions and reverse - dependencies should also be presented to the user, in a - strictly symmetric fashion; this may make it easier to - prevent a package being removed that breaks - dependencies) - </p> - </item> - <tag>Ordering of package installations and configuration </tag> - <item> - <p> - Build a list of events. Simple topological sorting gives - order of packages in dependency order. At certain points - in this ordering, predependencies/immediate configure - directives cause an break in normal ordering. We need to - insert the uninstall/purge directive in the stream - (default: as early as possible).</p> - </item> - <tag>Action</tag> - <item> - <p> - Take the order of installations and removals and build - up a stream of events to send to the packaging system - (dpkg). Execute the list of events if successful. Do not - partially install packages and leave system in broken - state. Go to The Selection step as needed.</p> - </item> - - </taglist> - </p> - </chapt> - <chapt> - <heading>Modules and interfaces</heading> - <p><taglist> - <tag>The user interface module</tag> - <item> - <p> Look at Behan Webster's documentation.</p> - </item> - <tag>Widget set</tag> - <item> - <p> - Related closely to above Could some one present design - decisions of the widget set here?</p> - </item> - <tag>pdate Module</tag> - <item> - <p> - Distinct versions of the same package are recorded - separately, but if multiple Packages files contain the - same version of a package, then only the first one is - recorded. For this reason, the least expensive update - source should be listed first (local file system is - better than a remote ftp site)</p> - <p> - This module should interact with the user interface - module to set and change configuration parameters for - the modules listed below. It needs to record that - information in an on disk data file, to be read on - future invocations. </p> - <p><enumlist> - <item> - <p>FTP methods</p> - </item> - <item> - <p>mount and file traversal module(s)?</p> - </item> - <item> - <p>Other methods ???</p> - </item> - </enumlist> - </p> - </item> - <tag>Status file parser/generator</tag> - <item> - <p> - The status file records the current state of the system, - listing the packages installed, etc. The status file is - also one method of communicating with dpkg, since it is - perfectly permissible for the user to use APT to - request packages be updated, put others on hold, mark - other for removal, etc, and then run <tt>dpkg - -BORGiE</tt> on a file system.</p> - </item> - <tag>Package file parser/generator</tag> - <item> - <p> - Related to above. Handle multiple Packages files, from - different sources. Each package contains a link back to - the packages file structure that contains details about - the origin of the data. </p> - </item> - <tag>Dependency module</tag> - <item> - <p><list> - <item> - <p>dependency/conflict determination and linking</p> - </item> - <item> - <p>reverse dependency generator. Maybe merged with above</p> - </item> - </list> - </p> - </item> - <tag>Package ordering Module</tag> - <item> - <p>Create an ordering of the actions to be taken.</p> - </item> - <tag>Event generator</tag> - <item> - <p>module to interact with dpkg</p> - </item> - </taglist> - </chapt> - <chapt> - <heading>Data flow and conversions analysis.</heading> - <p> - <example> - ____________ - __\|ftp modules| - / /|___________| - _ ____________ / ________________ - | update | / |mount/local file| - |==========================>| module |/_____\| traversals | - | |_____________| /|________________| - | ^ ^ - | | | ______________ - ______|_______ _ _____ ______ | _____v________ \| | - |Configuration | |configuration| | |Packages Files| ===|Status file | - | module |<=>| data | | |______________| / /|____________| - |______________| |_____________| | ^ / - ^ | | / - | | _______v_______|/_ - | | | | ________________ - | | | |/_\| Dependency | - | | |backing store |\ /| Module | - | | |______________| _|_______________| - | \ ^ /| ^ - | \ | / | - | _\|____v_______|/__ ____v_______ - |_____________________________\| User interaction| | dpkg | - /|_________________|<==>| Invoker | - |___________| - - </example> - <p> dpkg also interacts with status and available files.</p> - - - <p> - The backing store and the associated data structures are the - core of APT. All modules essentially revolve around the - backing store, feeding it data, adding and manipulating links - and relationships between data in the backing store, allowing - the user to interact with and modify the data in the backing - store, and finally writing it out as the status file and - possibly issuing directives to dpkg.</p> - - <p>The other focal point for APT is the user interface.</p> - </chapt> - </book> -</debiandoc> diff --git a/doc/docbook-html-style.xsl b/doc/docbook-html-style.xsl new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e4af9f557 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/docbook-html-style.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> + + <!-- Import our base stylesheet --> + <xsl:import href="/usr/share/xml/docbook/stylesheet/docbook-xsl/xhtml-1_1/chunk.xsl" /> + + <!-- Since we use xsltproc (not saxon), add a workaround to ensure UTF-8 --> + <xsl:template xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" name="head.content.generator"> + <xsl:param name="node" select="."/> + <meta name="generator" content="DocBook {$DistroTitle} V{$VERSION}"/> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> + </xsl:template> + + <xsl:template name="generate.html.title"/> + + <xsl:template match="releaseinfo" mode="titlepage.mode"> + <xsl:apply-imports/> + <hr/> + </xsl:template> + + <xsl:param name="root.filename">index</xsl:param> + + <!-- We do not want a title in HTML. --> + <xsl:param name="generate.meta.abstract" select="0"/> + + <!-- We do not want the first subsection on the same page as content. --> + <xsl:param name="chunk.first.sections" select="0"/> + <xsl:param name="chunk.section.depth" select="0"/> + <xsl:param name="chunker.output.indent" select="'yes'"/> + + <xsl:param name="use.id.as.filename" select="1"/> + + <xsl:param name="toc.section.depth" select="1"/> + <xsl:param name="generate.section.toc.level" select="0"/> + <xsl:param name="section.label.includes.component.label" select="1"/> + <xsl:param name="section.autolabel" select="1"/> + + <xsl:param name="generate.css.header" select="1"/> + +</xsl:stylesheet> diff --git a/doc/docbook-text-style.xsl b/doc/docbook-text-style.xsl new file mode 100644 index 000000000..376dded52 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/docbook-text-style.xsl @@ -0,0 +1,70 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="1.0"> + + <xsl:import href="/usr/share/xml/docbook/stylesheet/docbook-xsl/xhtml-1_1/docbook.xsl" /> + + <!-- Parameters for optimal text output. --> + <xsl:param name="callout.graphics" select="0"/> + <xsl:param name="callout.unicode" select="0"/> + <xsl:param name="section.autolabel" select="1"/> + <xsl:param name="section.label.includes.component.label" select="1"/> + + <!-- Centering and aligning title elements. --> + <xsl:template match="/*/title[position()=1]" mode="titlepage.mode"> + <br/> + <center> + <xsl:apply-imports/> + </center> + <br/> + <hr/> <!-- No underline, but at least something. --> + </xsl:template> + <xsl:template match="author|editor" mode="titlepage.mode"> + <center> + <xsl:apply-imports/> + </center> + </xsl:template> + + <xsl:template match="releaseinfo" mode="titlepage.mode"> + <center> + <xsl:apply-imports/> + </center> + <hr/> + </xsl:template> + + <!-- Dirty hack to get a left margin for paragraphs etc. --> + <xsl:template match="legalnotice/* + |chapter/*[not(name(.)='section') and not(name(.)='title')] + |section/*[not(name(.)='section') and not(name(.)='title')] + |appendix/*[not(name(.)='section') and not(name(.)='title')] + |footnote/*"> + <xsl:copy><table><tr><td>   </td><td> + <xsl:apply-imports/> + </td></tr></table></xsl:copy> + </xsl:template> + + <!-- Skip URLs if it has something to print. --> + <xsl:template match="ulink[.!='']"> + <xsl:copy-of select="."/> + </xsl:template> + <!-- Print URLs if nothing to print. --> + <xsl:template match="ulink[.='']"> + <xsl:value-of select="@url"/> + </xsl:template> + + <!-- Make clear where notes etc. begin and end. --> + <xsl:template match="caution|important|note|tip|warning"> + <table width="80%" border="1"> + <colgroup> + <col align="justify"/> + </colgroup> + <tbody> + <tr> + <td align="justify"> + <xsl:apply-imports/> + </td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </xsl:template> + +</xsl:stylesheet> diff --git a/doc/dpkg-tech.dbk b/doc/dpkg-tech.dbk new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e7d150cee --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/dpkg-tech.dbk @@ -0,0 +1,895 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!-- -*- DocBook -*- --> +<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ +<!ENTITY % aptverbatiment SYSTEM "apt-verbatim.ent"> %aptverbatiment; +]> + +<book lang="en"> + +<title>dpkg technical manual</title> + +<bookinfo> + +<authorgroup> + <author> + <personname>Tom Lees</personname><email>tom@lpsg.demon.co.uk</email> + </author> +</authorgroup> + +<releaseinfo>Version &apt-product-version;</releaseinfo> + +<abstract> +<para> +This document describes the minimum necessary workings for the APT dselect +replacement. It gives an overall specification of what its external interface +must look like for compatibility, and also gives details of some internal +quirks. +</para> +</abstract> + +<copyright><year>1997</year><holder>Tom Lees</holder></copyright> + +<legalnotice> +<title>License Notice</title> +<para> +APT and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/or +modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your +option) any later version. +</para> +<para> +For more details, on Debian systems, see the file +/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL for the full license. +</para> +</legalnotice> + +</bookinfo> + +<chapter id="ch1"><title>Quick summary of dpkg's external interface</title> + +<section id="control"><title>Control files</title> +<para> +The basic dpkg package control file supports the following major features:- +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +5 types of dependencies:- +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +Pre-Depends, which must be satisfied before a package may be unpacked +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Depends, which must be satisfied before a package may be configured +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Recommends, to specify a package which if not installed may severely limit the +usefulness of the package +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Suggests, to specify a package which may increase the productivity of the +package +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Conflicts, to specify a package which must NOT be installed in order for the +package to be configured +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Breaks, to specify a package which is broken by the package and which should +therefore not be configured while broken +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +<para> +Each of these dependencies can specify a version and a depedency on that +version, for example "<= 0.5-1", "== 2.7.2-1", etc. The comparators +available are:- +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +"<<" - less than +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +"<=" - less than or equal to +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +">>" - greater than +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +">=" - greater than or equal to +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +"==" - equal to +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +The concept of "virtual packages", which many other packages may provide, +using the Provides mechanism. An example of this is the "httpd" virtual +package, which all web servers should provide. Virtual package names may be +used in dependency headers. However, current policy is that virtual packages +do not support version numbers, so dependencies on virtual packages with +versions will always fail. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Several other control fields, such as Package, Version, Description, Section, +Priority, etc., which are mainly for classification purposes. The package +name must consist entirely of lowercase characters, plus the characters '+', +'-', and '.'. Fields can extend across multiple lines - on the second and +subsequent lines, there is a space at the beginning instead of a field name +and a ':'. Empty lines must consist of the text " .", which will be ignored, +as will the initial space for other continuation lines. This feature is +usually only used in the Description field. +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +</section> + +<section id="s1.2"><title>The dpkg status area</title> +<para> +The "dpkg status area" is the term used to refer to the directory where dpkg +keeps its various status files (GNU would have you call it the dpkg shared +state directory). This is always, on Debian systems, /var/lib/dpkg. However, +the default directory name should not be hard-coded, but #define'd, so that +alteration is possible (it is available via configure in dpkg 1.4.0.9 and +above). Of course, in a library, code should be allowed to override the +default directory, but the default should be part of the library (so that +the user may change the dpkg admin dir simply by replacing the library). +</para> +<para> +Dpkg keeps a variety of files in its status area. These are discussed later +on in this document, but a quick summary of the files is here:- +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +available - this file contains a concatenation of control information from all +the packages which dpkg knows about. This is updated using the dpkg commands +"--update-avail <file>", "--merge-avail <file>", and +"--clear-avail". +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +status - this file contains information on the following things for every +package:- +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +Whether it is installed, not installed, unpacked, removed, failed +configuration, or half-installed (deconfigured in favour of another package). +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Whether it is selected as install, hold, remove, or purge. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +If it is "ok" (no installation problems), or "not-ok". +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +It usually also contains the section and priority (so that dselect may classify +packages not in available) +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +For packages which did not initially appear in the "available" file when they +were installed, the other control information for them. +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +<para> +The exact format for the "Status:" field is: +</para> +<screen> + Status: Want Flag Status +</screen> +<para> +Where <replaceable>Want</replaceable> may be one of +<emphasis>unknown</emphasis>, <emphasis>install</emphasis>, +<emphasis>hold</emphasis>, <emphasis>deinstall</emphasis>, +<emphasis>purge</emphasis>. <replaceable>Flag</replaceable> may +be one of <emphasis>ok</emphasis>, <emphasis>reinstreq</emphasis>, +<emphasis>hold</emphasis>, +<emphasis>hold-reinstreq</emphasis>. <replaceable>Status</replaceable> may +be one of <emphasis>not-installed</emphasis>, <emphasis>unpacked</emphasis>, +<emphasis>half-configured</emphasis>, <emphasis>installed</emphasis>, +<emphasis>half-installed</emphasis> <emphasis>config-files</emphasis>, +<emphasis>post-inst-failed</emphasis>, <emphasis>removal-failed</emphasis>. +The states are as follows:- +</para> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry> +<term>not-installed</term> +<listitem> +<para> +No files are installed from the package, it has no config files left, it +uninstalled cleanly if it ever was installed. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>unpacked</term> +<listitem> +<para> +The basic files have been unpacked (and are listed in +/var/lib/dpkg/info/[package].list. There are config files present, but the +postinst script has _NOT_ been run. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>half-configured</term> +<listitem> +<para> +The package was installed and unpacked, but the postinst script failed in some +way. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>installed</term> +<listitem> +<para> +All files for the package are installed, and the configuration was also +successful. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>half-installed</term> +<listitem> +<para> +An attempt was made to remove the packagem but there was a failure in the +prerm script. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>config-files</term> +<listitem> +<para> +The package was "removed", not "purged". The config files are left, but +nothing else. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>post-inst-failed</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Old name for half-configured. Do not use. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>removal-failed</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Old name for half-installed. Do not use. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +<para> +The two last items are only left in dpkg for compatibility - they are +understood by it, but never written out in this form. +</para> +<para> +Please see the dpkg source code, <literal>lib/parshelp.c</literal>, +<emphasis>statusinfos</emphasis>, <emphasis>eflaginfos</emphasis> and +<emphasis>wantinfos</emphasis> for more details. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +info - this directory contains files from the control archive of every +package currently installed. They are installed with a prefix of +"<packagename>.". In addition to this, it also contains a file +called <package>.list for every package, which contains a list +of files. Note also that the control file is not copied into here; it +is instead found as part of status or available. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +methods - this directory is reserved for "method"-specific files - each +"method" has a subdirectory underneath this directory (or at least, +it can have). In addition, there is another subdirectory "mnt", where +misc. filesystems (floppies, CD-ROMs, etc.) are mounted. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +alternatives - directory used by the "update-alternatives" program. It +contains one file for each "alternatives" interface, which contains +information about all the needed symlinked files for each alternative. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +diversions - file used by the "dpkg-divert" program. Each diversion takes +three lines. The first is the package name (or ":" for user diversion), the +second the original filename, and the third the diverted filename. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +updates - directory used internally by dpkg. This is discussed later, in the +section <xref linkend="updates"/>. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +parts - temporary directory used by dpkg-split +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +</section> + +<section id="s1.3"><title>The dpkg library files</title> +<para> +These files are installed under /usr/lib/dpkg (usually), but +/usr/local/lib/dpkg is also a possibility (as Debian policy dictates). Under +this directory, there is a "methods" subdirectory. The methods subdirectory in +turn contains any number of subdirectories for each general method processor +(note that one set of method scripts can, and is, used for more than one of +the methods listed under dselect). +</para> +<para> +The following files may be found in each of these subdirectories:- +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +names - One line per method, two-digit priority to appear on menu at +beginning, followed by a space, the name, and then another space and +the short description. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +desc.<name> - Contains the long description displayed by dselect +when the cursor is put over the <name> method. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +setup - Script or program which sets up the initial values to be used +by this method. Called with first argument as the status area directory +(/var/lib/dpkg), second argument as the name of the method (as in the +directory name), and the third argument as the option (as in the names file). +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +install - Script/program called when the "install" option of dselect is run +with this method. Same arguments as for setup. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +update - Script/program called when the "update" option of dselect is +run. Same arguments as for setup/install. +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +</section> + +<section id="s1.4"><title>The "dpkg" command-line utility</title> + +<section id="s1.4.1"><title>"Documented" command-line interfaces</title> +<para> +As yet unwritten. You can refer to the other manuals for now. See +<citerefentry><refentrytitle>dpkg</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s1.4.2"><title>Environment variables which dpkg responds to</title> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +DPKG_NO_TSTP - if set to a non-null value, this variable causes dpkg to run a +child shell process instead of sending itself a SIGTSTP, when the user selects +to background the dpkg process when it asks about conffiles. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +SHELL - used to determine which shell to run in the case when DPKG_NO_TSTP +is set. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +CC - used as the C compiler to call to determine the target architecture. The +default is "gcc". +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +PATH - dpkg checks that it can find at least the following files in the path +when it wants to run package installation scripts, and gives an error if it +cannot find all of them:- +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +ldconfig +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +start-stop-daemon +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +install-info +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +update-rc.d +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +</section> + +<section id="s1.4.3"><title>Assertions</title> +<para> +The dpkg utility itself is required for quite a number of packages, even if +they have been installed with a tool totally separate from dpkg. The reason +for this is that some packages, in their pre-installation scripts, check that +your version of dpkg supports certain features. This was broken from the +start, and it should have actually been a control file header "Dpkg-requires", +or similar. What happens is that the configuration scripts will abort or +continue according to the exit code of a call to dpkg, which will stop them +from being wrongly configured. +</para> +<para> +These special command-line options, which simply return as true or false are +all prefixed with "--assert-". Here is a list of them (without the prefix):- +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +support-predepends - Returns success or failure according to whether a version +of dpkg which supports predepends properly (1.1.0 or above) is installed, +according to the database. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +working-epoch - Return success or failure according to whether a version of +dpkg which supports epochs in version properly (1.4.0.7 or above) is installed, +according to the database. +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +<para> +Both these options check the status database to see what version of the +"dpkg" package is installed, and check it against a known working version. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s1.4.4"><title>--predep-package</title> +<para> +This strange option is described as follows in the source code: +</para> +<screen> +/* Print a single package which: + * (a) is the target of one or more relevant predependencies. + * (b) has itself no unsatisfied pre-dependencies. + * If such a package is present output is the Packages file entry, + * which can be massaged as appropriate. + * Exit status: + * 0 = a package printed, OK + * 1 = no suitable package available + * 2 = error + */ +</screen> +<para> +On further inspection of the source code, it appears that what is does is +this:- +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +Looks at the packages in the database which are selected as "install", +and are installed. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +It then looks at the Pre-Depends information for each of these packages +from the available file. When it find a package for which any of the +pre-dependencies are not satisfied, it breaks from the loop through the +packages. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +It then looks through the unsatisfied pre-dependencies, and looks for +packages which would satisfy this pre-dependency, stopping on the first +it finds. If it finds none, it bombs out with an error. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +It then continues this for every dependency of the initial package. +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +<para> +Eventually, it writes out the record of all the packages to satisfy the +pre-dependencies. This is used by the disk method to make sure that its +dependency ordering is correct. What happens is that all pre-depending +packages are first installed, then it runs dpkg -iGROEB on the directory, +which installs in the order package files are found. Since pre-dependencies +mean that a package may not even be unpacked unless they are satisfied, it +is necessary to do this (usually, since all the package files are unpacked +in one phase, the configured in another, this is not needed). +</para> +</section> + +</section> + +</chapter> + +<chapter id="ch2"><title>dpkg-deb and .deb file internals</title> +<para> +This chapter describes the internals to the "dpkg-deb" tool, which is used by +"dpkg" as a back-end. dpkg-deb has its own tar extraction functions, which is +the source of many problems, as it does not support long filenames, using +extension blocks. +</para> + +<section id="s2.1"><title>The .deb archive format</title> +<para> +The main principal of the new-format Debian archive (I won't describe the old +format - for that have a look at deb-old.5), is that the archive really is an +archive - as used by "ar" and friends. However, dpkg-deb uses this format +internally, rather than calling "ar". Inside this archive, there are usually +the following members:- +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +debian-binary +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +control.tar.gz +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +data.tar.gz +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +<para> +The debian-binary member consists simply of the string "2.0", indicating +the format version. control.tar.gz contains the control files (and scripts), +and the data.tar.gz contains the actual files to populate the filesystem +with. Both tarfiles extract straight into the current directory. Information +on the tar formats can be found in the GNU tar info page. Since dpkg-deb +calls "tar -cf" to build packages, the Debian packages use the GNU extensions. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s2.2"><title>The dpkg-deb command-line</title> +<para> +dpkg-deb documents itself thoroughly with its '--help' command-line +option. However, I am including a reference to these for +completeness. dpkg-deb supports the following options:- +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +--build (-b) <dir> - builds a .deb archive, takes a directory which +contains all the files as an argument. Note that the directory +<dir>/DEBIAN will be packed separately into the control archive. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--contents (-c) <debfile> - Lists the contents of the "data.tar.gz" +member. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--control (-e) <debfile> - Extracts the control archive into a directory +called DEBIAN. Alternatively, with another argument, it will extract it into a +different directory. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--info (-I) <debfile> - Prints the contents of the "control" file in the +control archive to stdout. Alternatively, giving it other arguments will cause +it to print the contents of those files instead. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--field (-f) <debfile> <field> ... - Prints any number of fields +from the "control" file. Giving it extra arguments limits the fields it prints +to only those specified. With no command-line arguments other than a filename, +it is equivalent to -I and just the .deb filename. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--extract (-x) <debfile> <dir> - Extracts the data archive of a +debian package under the directory <dir>. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--vextract (-X) <debfile> <dir> - Same as --extract, except it +is equivalent of giving tar the '-v' option - it prints the filenames as it +extracts them. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--fsys-tarfile <debfile> - This option outputs a gunzip'd version of +data.tar.gz to stdout. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--new - sets the archive format to be used to the new Debian format +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--old - sets the archive format to be used to the old Debian format +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--debug - Tells dpkg-deb to produce debugging output +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--nocheck - Tells dpkg-deb not to check the sanity of the control file +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--help (-h) - Gives a help message +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--version - Shows the version number +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +--licence/--license (UK/US spellings) - Shows a brief outline of the GPL +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> + +<section id="s2.2.1"><title>Internal checks used by dpkg-deb when building packages</title> +<para> +Here is a list of the internal checks used by dpkg-deb when building +packages. It is in the order they are done. +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +First, the output Debian archive argument, if it is given, is checked using +stat. If it is a directory, an internal flag is set. This check is only made +if the archive name is specified explicitly on the command-line. If the +argument was not given, the default is the directory name, with ".deb" +appended. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Next, the control file is checked, unless the --nocheck flag was specified on +the command-line. dpkg-deb will bomb out if the second argument to --build was +a directory, and --nocheck was specified. Note that dpkg-deb will not be able +to determine the name of the package in this case. In the control file, the +following things are checked:- +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +The package name is checked to see if it contains any invalid characters (see +<xref linkend="control"/> for this). +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +The priority field is checked to see if it uses standard values, and +user-defined values are warned against. However, note that this check is now +redundant, since the control file no longer contains the priority - the +changes file now does this. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +The control file fields are then checked against the standard list of fields +which appear in control files, and any "user-defined" fields are reported as +warnings. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +dpkg-deb then checks that the control file contains a valid version number. +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +After this, in the case where a directory was specified to build the .deb file +in, the filename is created as "directory/pkg_ver.deb" or +"directory/pkg_ver_arch.deb", depending on whether the control file contains +an architecture field. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Next, dpkg-deb checks for the <dir>/DEBIAN directory. It complains if it +doesn't exist, or if it has permissions < 0755, or > 0775. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +It then checks that all the files in this subdir are either symlinks or plain +files, and have permissions between 0555 and 0775. +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +The conffiles file is then checked to see if the filenames are too +long. Warnings are produced for each that is. After this, it checks +that the package provides initial copies of each of these conffiles, +and that they are all plain files. +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +</section> + +</section> + +</chapter> + +<chapter id="ch3"><title>dpkg internals</title> +<para> +This chapter describes the internals of dpkg itself. Although the low-level +formats are quite simple, what dpkg does in certain cases often does not make +sense. +</para> + +<section id="updates"><title>Updates</title> +<para> +This describes the /var/lib/dpkg/updates directory. The function of this +directory is somewhat strange, and seems only to be used internally. A +function called cleanupdates is called whenever the database is scanned. This +function in turn uses +<citerefentry><refentrytitle>scandir</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>, +to sort the files in this directory. Files who names do not consist entirely +of digits are discarded. dpkg also causes a fatal error if any of the +filenames are different lengths. +</para> +<para> +After having scanned the directory, dpkg in turn parses each file the same way +it parses the status file (they are sorted by the scandir to be in numerical +order). After having done this, it then writes the status information back to +the "status" file, and removes all the "updates" files. +</para> +<para> +These files are created internally by dpkg's "checkpoint" function, and are +cleaned up when dpkg exits cleanly. +</para> +<para> +Juding by the use of the updates directory I would call it a Journal. Inorder +to efficiently ensure the complete integrity of the status file dpkg will +"checkpoint" or journal all of it's activities in the updates directory. By +merging the contents of the updates directory (in order!!) against the original +status file it can get the precise current state of the system, even in the +event of a system failure while dpkg is running. +</para> +<para> +The other option would be to sync-rewrite the status file after each operation, +which would kill performance. +</para> +<para> +It is very important that any program that uses the status file abort if the +updates directory is not empty! The user should be informed to run dpkg +manually (what options though??) to correct the situation. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s3.2"><title>What happens when dpkg reads the database</title> +<para> +First, the status file is read. This gives dpkg an initial idea of the +packages that are there. Next, the updates files are read in, overriding the +status file, and if necessary, the status file is re-written, and updates files +are removed. Finally, the available file is read. The available file is read +with flags which preclude dpkg from updating any status information from it, +though - installed version, etc., and is also told to record that the packages +it reads this time are available, not installed. +</para> +<para> +More information on updates is given above. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s3.3"><title>How dpkg compares version numbers</title> +<para> +Version numbers consist of three parts: the epoch, the upstream version, and +the Debian revision. Dpkg compares these parts in that order. If the epochs +are different, it returns immediately, and so on. +</para> +<para> +However, the important part is how it compares the versions which are +essentially stored as just strings. These are compared in two distinct +parts: those consisting of numerical characters (which are evaluated, and +then compared), and those consisting of other characters. When comparing +non-numerical parts, they are compared as the character values (ASCII), +but non-alphabetical characters are considered "greater than" alphabetical +ones. Also note that longer strings (after excluding differences where +numerical values are equal) are considered "greater than" shorter ones. +</para> +<para> +Here are a few examples of how these rules apply:- +</para> +<screen> +15 > 10 +0010 == 10 + +d.r > dsr +32.d.r == 0032.d.r +d.rnr < d.rnrn +</screen> +</section> + +</chapter> + +</book> diff --git a/doc/dpkg-tech.sgml b/doc/dpkg-tech.sgml deleted file mode 100644 index ce0c5fa83..000000000 --- a/doc/dpkg-tech.sgml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,511 +0,0 @@ -<!doctype debiandoc PUBLIC "-//DebianDoc//DTD DebianDoc//EN"> -<book> -<title>dpkg technical manual</title> - -<author>Tom Lees <email>tom@lpsg.demon.co.uk</email></author> -<version>$Id: dpkg-tech.sgml,v 1.3 2003/02/12 15:05:45 doogie Exp $</version> - -<abstract> -This document describes the minimum necessary workings for the APT dselect -replacement. It gives an overall specification of what its external interface -must look like for compatibility, and also gives details of some internal -quirks. -</abstract> - -<copyright> -Copyright © Tom Lees, 1997. -<p> -APT and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/or -modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published -by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your -option) any later version. - -<p> -For more details, on Debian systems, see the file -/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL for the full license. -</copyright> - -<toc sect> - -<chapt>Quick summary of dpkg's external interface -<sect id="control">Control files - -<p> -The basic dpkg package control file supports the following major features:- - -<list> -<item>5 types of dependencies:- - <list> - <item>Pre-Depends, which must be satisfied before a package may be - unpacked - <item>Depends, which must be satisfied before a package may be - configured - <item>Recommends, to specify a package which if not installed may - severely limit the usefulness of the package - <item>Suggests, to specify a package which may increase the - productivity of the package - <item>Conflicts, to specify a package which must NOT be installed - in order for the package to be configured - <item>Breaks, to specify a package which is broken by the - package and which should therefore not be configured while broken - </list> -Each of these dependencies can specify a version and a depedency on that -version, for example "<= 0.5-1", "== 2.7.2-1", etc. The comparators available -are:- - <list> - <item>"<<" - less than - <item>"<=" - less than or equal to - <item>">>" - greater than - <item>">=" - greater than or equal to - <item>"==" - equal to - </list> -<item>The concept of "virtual packages", which many other packages may provide, -using the Provides mechanism. An example of this is the "httpd" virtual package, -which all web servers should provide. Virtual package names may be used in -dependency headers. However, current policy is that virtual packages do not -support version numbers, so dependencies on virtual packages with versions -will always fail. -<item>Several other control fields, such as Package, Version, Description, -Section, Priority, etc., which are mainly for classification purposes. The -package name must consist entirely of lowercase characters, plus the characters -'+', '-', and '.'. Fields can extend across multiple lines - on the second -and subsequent lines, there is a space at the beginning instead of a field -name and a ':'. Empty lines must consist of the text " .", which will be -ignored, as will the initial space for other continuation lines. This feature -is usually only used in the Description field. -</list> - -<sect>The dpkg status area - -<p> -The "dpkg status area" is the term used to refer to the directory where dpkg -keeps its various status files (GNU would have you call it the dpkg shared -state directory). This is always, on Debian systems, /var/lib/dpkg. However, -the default directory name should not be hard-coded, but #define'd, so that -alteration is possible (it is available via configure in dpkg 1.4.0.9 and -above). Of course, in a library, code should be allowed to override the -default directory, but the default should be part of the library (so that -the user may change the dpkg admin dir simply by replacing the library). - -<p> -Dpkg keeps a variety of files in its status area. These are discussed later -on in this document, but a quick summary of the files is here:- - -<list> -<item>available - this file contains a concatenation of control information -from all the packages which dpkg knows about. This is updated using the dpkg -commands "--update-avail <file>", "--merge-avail <file>", and -"--clear-avail". -<item>status - this file contains information on the following things for -every package:- - <list> - <item>Whether it is installed, not installed, unpacked, removed, - failed configuration, or half-installed (deconfigured in - favour of another package). - <item>Whether it is selected as install, hold, remove, or purge. - <item>If it is "ok" (no installation problems), or "not-ok". - <item>It usually also contains the section and priority (so that - dselect may classify packages not in available) - <item>For packages which did not initially appear in the "available" - file when they were installed, the other control information - for them. - </list> - <p> - The exact format for the "Status:" field is: - <example> - Status: Want Flag Status - </example> - Where <var>Want</> may be one of <em>unknown</>, <em>install</>, - <em>hold</>, <em>deinstall</>, <em>purge</>. <var>Flag</> - may be one of <em>ok</>, <em>reinstreq</>, <em>hold</>, - <em>hold-reinstreq</>. - <var>Status</> may be one of <em>not-installed</>, <em>unpacked</>, - <em>half-configured</>, <em>installed</>, <em>half-installed</> - <em>config-files</>, <em>post-inst-failed</>, <em>removal-failed</>. - The states are as follows:- - <taglist> - <tag>not-installed - <item>No files are installed from the package, it has no config files - left, it uninstalled cleanly if it ever was installed. - <tag>unpacked - <item>The basic files have been unpacked (and are listed in - /var/lib/dpkg/info/[package].list. There are config files present, - but the postinst script has _NOT_ been run. - <tag>half-configured - <item>The package was installed and unpacked, but the postinst script - failed in some way. - <tag>installed - <item>All files for the package are installed, and the configuration - was also successful. - <tag>half-installed - <item>An attempt was made to remove the packagem but there was a failure - in the prerm script. - <tag>config-files - <item>The package was "removed", not "purged". The config files are left, - but nothing else. - <tag>post-inst-failed - <item>Old name for half-configured. Do not use. - <tag>removal-failed - <item>Old name for half-installed. Do not use. - </taglist> - The two last items are only left in dpkg for compatibility - they are - understood by it, but never written out in this form. - - <p> - Please see the dpkg source code, <tt>lib/parshelp.c</tt>, - <em>statusinfos</>, <em>eflaginfos</> and <em>wantinfos</> for more - details. - -<item>info - this directory contains files from the control archive of every -package currently installed. They are installed with a prefix of "<packagename>.". -In addition to this, it also contains a file called <package>.list for every -package, which contains a list of files. Note also that the control file is -not copied into here; it is instead found as part of status or available. -<item>methods - this directory is reserved for "method"-specific files - each -"method" has a subdirectory underneath this directory (or at least, it can -have). In addition, there is another subdirectory "mnt", where misc. -filesystems (floppies, CD-ROMs, etc.) are mounted. -<item>alternatives - directory used by the "update-alternatives" program. It -contains one file for each "alternatives" interface, which contains information -about all the needed symlinked files for each alternative. -<item>diversions - file used by the "dpkg-divert" program. Each diversion takes -three lines. The first is the package name (or ":" for user diversion), the -second the original filename, and the third the diverted filename. -<item>updates - directory used internally by dpkg. This is discussed later, -in the section <ref id="updates">. -<item>parts - temporary directory used by dpkg-split -</list> - -<sect>The dpkg library files - -<p> -These files are installed under /usr/lib/dpkg (usually), but -/usr/local/lib/dpkg is also a possibility (as Debian policy dictates). Under -this directory, there is a "methods" subdirectory. The methods subdirectory -in turn contains any number of subdirectories for each general method -processor (note that one set of method scripts can, and is, used for more than -one of the methods listed under dselect). - -<p> -The following files may be found in each of these subdirectories:- - -<list> -<item>names - One line per method, two-digit priority to appear on menu -at beginning, followed by a space, the name, and then another space and the -short description. -<item>desc.<name> - Contains the long description displayed by dselect -when the cursor is put over the <name> method. -<item>setup - Script or program which sets up the initial values to be used -by this method. Called with first argument as the status area directory -(/var/lib/dpkg), second argument as the name of the method (as in the directory -name), and the third argument as the option (as in the names file). -<item>install - Script/program called when the "install" option of dselect is -run with this method. Same arguments as for setup. -<item>update - Script/program called when the "update" option of dselect is -run. Same arguments as for setup/install. -</list> - -<sect>The "dpkg" command-line utility - -<sect1>"Documented" command-line interfaces - -<p> -As yet unwritten. You can refer to the other manuals for now. See -<manref name="dpkg" section="8">. - -<sect1>Environment variables which dpkg responds to - -<p> -<list> -<item>DPKG_NO_TSTP - if set to a non-null value, this variable causes dpkg to -run a child shell process instead of sending itself a SIGTSTP, when the user -selects to background the dpkg process when it asks about conffiles. -<item>SHELL - used to determine which shell to run in the case when -DPKG_NO_TSTP is set. -<item>CC - used as the C compiler to call to determine the target architecture. -The default is "gcc". -<item>PATH - dpkg checks that it can find at least the following files in the -path when it wants to run package installation scripts, and gives an error if -it cannot find all of them:- - <list> - <item>ldconfig - <item>start-stop-daemon - <item>install-info - <item>update-rc.d - </list> -</list> - -<sect1>Assertions - -<p> -The dpkg utility itself is required for quite a number of packages, even if -they have been installed with a tool totally separate from dpkg. The reason for -this is that some packages, in their pre-installation scripts, check that your -version of dpkg supports certain features. This was broken from the start, and -it should have actually been a control file header "Dpkg-requires", or similar. -What happens is that the configuration scripts will abort or continue according -to the exit code of a call to dpkg, which will stop them from being wrongly -configured. - -<p> -These special command-line options, which simply return as true or false are -all prefixed with "--assert-". Here is a list of them (without the prefix):- - -<list> -<item>support-predepends - Returns success or failure according to whether -a version of dpkg which supports predepends properly (1.1.0 or above) is -installed, according to the database. -<item>working-epoch - Return success or failure according to whether a version -of dpkg which supports epochs in version properly (1.4.0.7 or above) is -installed, according to the database. -</list> - -<p> -Both these options check the status database to see what version of the "dpkg" -package is installed, and check it against a known working version. - -<sect1>--predep-package - -<p> -This strange option is described as follows in the source code: - -<example> -/* Print a single package which: - * (a) is the target of one or more relevant predependencies. - * (b) has itself no unsatisfied pre-dependencies. - * If such a package is present output is the Packages file entry, - * which can be massaged as appropriate. - * Exit status: - * 0 = a package printed, OK - * 1 = no suitable package available - * 2 = error - */ -</example> - -<p> -On further inspection of the source code, it appears that what is does is -this:- - -<list> -<item>Looks at the packages in the database which are selected as "install", -and are installed. -<item>It then looks at the Pre-Depends information for each of these packages -from the available file. When it find a package for which any of the -pre-dependencies are not satisfied, it breaks from the loop through the packages. -<item>It then looks through the unsatisfied pre-dependencies, and looks for -packages which would satisfy this pre-dependency, stopping on the first it -finds. If it finds none, it bombs out with an error. -<item>It then continues this for every dependency of the initial package. -</list> - -Eventually, it writes out the record of all the packages to satisfy the -pre-dependencies. This is used by the disk method to make sure that its -dependency ordering is correct. What happens is that all pre-depending -packages are first installed, then it runs dpkg -iGROEB on the directory, -which installs in the order package files are found. Since pre-dependencies -mean that a package may not even be unpacked unless they are satisfied, it is -necessary to do this (usually, since all the package files are unpacked in one -phase, the configured in another, this is not needed). - -<chapt>dpkg-deb and .deb file internals - -<p> -This chapter describes the internals to the "dpkg-deb" tool, which is used -by "dpkg" as a back-end. dpkg-deb has its own tar extraction functions, which -is the source of many problems, as it does not support long filenames, using -extension blocks. - -<sect>The .deb archive format - -<p> -The main principal of the new-format Debian archive (I won't describe the old -format - for that have a look at deb-old.5), is that the archive really is -an archive - as used by "ar" and friends. However, dpkg-deb uses this format -internally, rather than calling "ar". Inside this archive, there are usually -the following members:- - -<list> -<item>debian-binary -<item>control.tar.gz -<item>data.tar.gz -</list> - -<p> -The debian-binary member consists simply of the string "2.0", indicating the -format version. control.tar.gz contains the control files (and scripts), and -the data.tar.gz contains the actual files to populate the filesystem with. -Both tarfiles extract straight into the current directory. Information on the -tar formats can be found in the GNU tar info page. Since dpkg-deb calls -"tar -cf" to build packages, the Debian packages use the GNU extensions. - -<sect>The dpkg-deb command-line - -<p> -dpkg-deb documents itself thoroughly with its '--help' command-line option. -However, I am including a reference to these for completeness. dpkg-deb -supports the following options:- - -<list> -<item>--build (-b) <dir> - builds a .deb archive, takes a directory which -contains all the files as an argument. Note that the directory -<dir>/DEBIAN will be packed separately into the control archive. -<item>--contents (-c) <debfile> - Lists the contents of the "data.tar.gz" -member. -<item>--control (-e) <debfile> - Extracts the control archive into a -directory called DEBIAN. Alternatively, with another argument, it will extract -it into a different directory. -<item>--info (-I) <debfile> - Prints the contents of the "control" file -in the control archive to stdout. Alternatively, giving it other arguments will -cause it to print the contents of those files instead. -<item>--field (-f) <debfile> <field> ... - Prints any number of -fields from the "control" file. Giving it extra arguments limits the fields it -prints to only those specified. With no command-line arguments other than a -filename, it is equivalent to -I and just the .deb filename. -<item>--extract (-x) <debfile> <dir> - Extracts the data archive -of a debian package under the directory <dir>. -<item>--vextract (-X) <debfile> <dir> - Same as --extract, except -it is equivalent of giving tar the '-v' option - it prints the filenames as -it extracts them. -<item>--fsys-tarfile <debfile> - This option outputs a gunzip'd version -of data.tar.gz to stdout. -<item>--new - sets the archive format to be used to the new Debian format -<item>--old - sets the archive format to be used to the old Debian format -<item>--debug - Tells dpkg-deb to produce debugging output -<item>--nocheck - Tells dpkg-deb not to check the sanity of the control file -<item>--help (-h) - Gives a help message -<item>--version - Shows the version number -<item>--licence/--license (UK/US spellings) - Shows a brief outline of the GPL -</list> - -<sect1>Internal checks used by dpkg-deb when building packages - -<p> -Here is a list of the internal checks used by dpkg-deb when building packages. -It is in the order they are done. - -<list> -<item>First, the output Debian archive argument, if it is given, is checked -using stat. If it is a directory, an internal flag is set. This check is only -made if the archive name is specified explicitly on the command-line. If the -argument was not given, the default is the directory name, with ".deb" -appended. -<item>Next, the control file is checked, unless the --nocheck flag was -specified on the command-line. dpkg-deb will bomb out if the second argument -to --build was a directory, and --nocheck was specified. Note that dpkg-deb -will not be able to determine the name of the package in this case. In the -control file, the following things are checked:- - <list> - <item>The package name is checked to see if it contains any invalid - characters (see <ref id="control"> for this). - <item>The priority field is checked to see if it uses standard values, - and user-defined values are warned against. However, note that this - check is now redundant, since the control file no longer contains - the priority - the changes file now does this. - <item>The control file fields are then checked against the standard - list of fields which appear in control files, and any "user-defined" - fields are reported as warnings. - <item>dpkg-deb then checks that the control file contains a valid - version number. - </list> -<item>After this, in the case where a directory was specified to build the -.deb file in, the filename is created as "directory/pkg_ver.deb" or -"directory/pkg_ver_arch.deb", depending on whether the control file contains -an architecture field. -<item>Next, dpkg-deb checks for the <dir>/DEBIAN directory. It complains -if it doesn't exist, or if it has permissions < 0755, or > 0775. -<item>It then checks that all the files in this subdir are either symlinks -or plain files, and have permissions between 0555 and 0775. -<item>The conffiles file is then checked to see if the filenames are too -long. Warnings are produced for each that is. After this, it checks that -the package provides initial copies of each of these conffiles, and that -they are all plain files. -</list> - -<chapt>dpkg internals - -<p> -This chapter describes the internals of dpkg itself. Although the low-level -formats are quite simple, what dpkg does in certain cases often does not -make sense. - -<sect id="updates">Updates - -<p> -This describes the /var/lib/dpkg/updates directory. The function of this -directory is somewhat strange, and seems only to be used internally. A function -called cleanupdates is called whenever the database is scanned. This function -in turn uses <manref name="scandir" section="3">, to sort the files in this -directory. Files who names do not consist entirely of digits are discarded. -dpkg also causes a fatal error if any of the filenames are different lengths. - -<p> -After having scanned the directory, dpkg in turn parses each file the same way -it parses the status file (they are sorted by the scandir to be in numerical -order). After having done this, it then writes the status information back -to the "status" file, and removes all the "updates" files. - -<p> -These files are created internally by dpkg's "checkpoint" function, and are -cleaned up when dpkg exits cleanly. - -<p> -Juding by the use of the updates directory I would call it a Journal. Inorder -to efficiently ensure the complete integrity of the status file dpkg will -"checkpoint" or journal all of it's activities in the updates directory. By -merging the contents of the updates directory (in order!!) against the -original status file it can get the precise current state of the system, -even in the event of a system failure while dpkg is running. - -<p> -The other option would be to sync-rewrite the status file after each -operation, which would kill performance. - -<p> -It is very important that any program that uses the status file abort if -the updates directory is not empty! The user should be informed to run dpkg -manually (what options though??) to correct the situation. - -<sect>What happens when dpkg reads the database - -<p> -First, the status file is read. This gives dpkg an initial idea of the packages -that are there. Next, the updates files are read in, overriding the status -file, and if necessary, the status file is re-written, and updates files are -removed. Finally, the available file is read. The available file is read -with flags which preclude dpkg from updating any status information from it, -though - installed version, etc., and is also told to record that the packages -it reads this time are available, not installed. - -<p> -More information on updates is given above. - -<sect>How dpkg compares version numbers - -<p> -Version numbers consist of three parts: the epoch, the upstream version, and -the Debian revision. Dpkg compares these parts in that order. If the epochs -are different, it returns immediately, and so on. - -<p> -However, the important part is how it compares the versions which are -essentially stored as just strings. These are compared in two distinct parts: -those consisting of numerical characters (which are evaluated, and then -compared), and those consisting of other characters. When comparing -non-numerical parts, they are compared as the character values (ASCII), but -non-alphabetical characters are considered "greater than" alphabetical ones. -Also note that longer strings (after excluding differences where numerical -values are equal) are considered "greater than" shorter ones. - -<p> -Here are a few examples of how these rules apply:- - -<example> -15 > 10 -0010 == 10 - -d.r > dsr -32.d.r == 0032.d.r -d.rnr < d.rnrn -</example> - -</book> diff --git a/doc/files.dbk b/doc/files.dbk new file mode 100644 index 000000000..675c92664 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/files.dbk @@ -0,0 +1,392 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!-- -*- DocBook -*- --> +<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ +<!ENTITY % aptverbatiment SYSTEM "apt-verbatim.ent"> %aptverbatiment; +]> + +<book lang="en"> + +<title>APT Files</title> + +<bookinfo> + +<authorgroup> + <author> + <personname>Jason Gunthorpe</personname><email>jgg@debian.org</email> + </author> +</authorgroup> + +<releaseinfo>Version &apt-product-version;</releaseinfo> + +<abstract> +<para> +This document describes the complete implementation and format of the installed +APT directory structure. It also serves as guide to how APT views the Debian +archive. +</para> +</abstract> + +<copyright><year>1998-1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright> + +<legalnotice> +<title>License Notice</title> +<para> +"APT" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/or +modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your +option) any later version. +</para> +<para> +For more details, on Debian systems, see the file +/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL for the full license. +</para> +</legalnotice> + +</bookinfo> + +<chapter id="ch1"><title>Introduction</title> + +<section id="s1.1"><title>General</title> +<para> +This document serves two purposes. The first is to document the installed +directory structure and the format and purpose of each file. The second +purpose is to document how APT views the Debian archive and deals with multiple +package files. +</para> +<para> +The var directory structure is as follows: +</para> +<screen> + /var/lib/apt/ + lists/ + partial/ + periodic/ + extended_states + cdroms.list + /var/cache/apt/ + archives/ + partial/ + pkgcache.bin + srcpkgcache.bin + /etc/apt/ + sources.list.d/ + apt.conf.d/ + preferences.d/ + trusted.gpg.d/ + sources.list + apt.conf + apt_preferences + trusted.gpg + /usr/lib/apt/ + methods/ + bzip2 + cdrom + copy + file + ftp + gpgv + gzip + http + https + lzma + rred + rsh + ssh +</screen> +<para> +As is specified in the FHS 2.1 /var/lib/apt is used for application data that +is not expected to be user modified. /var/cache/apt is used for regeneratable +data and is where the package cache and downloaded .debs go. /etc/apt is the +place where configuration should happen and /usr/lib/apt is the place where the +apt and other packages can place binaries which can be used by the acquire +system of APT. +</para> +</section> + +</chapter> + +<chapter id="ch2"><title>Files</title> + +<section id="s2.1"><title>Files and fragment directories in /etc/apt</title> +<para> +All files in /etc/apt are used to modify specific aspects of APT. To enable +other packages to ship needed configuration herself all these files have a +fragment directory packages can place their files in instead of mangling with +the main files. The main files are therefore considered to be only used by the +user and not by a package. The documentation omits this directories most of +the time to be easier readable, so every time the documentation includes a +reference to a main file it really means the file or the fragment directories. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s2.2"><title>Distribution Source list (sources.list)</title> +<para> +The distribution source list is used to locate archives of the debian +distribution. It is designed to support any number of active sources and to +support a mix of source media. The file lists one source per line, with the +fastest source listed first. The format of each line is: +</para> +<para> +<replaceable>type uri args</replaceable> +</para> +<para> +The first item, <replaceable>type</replaceable>, indicates the format for the +remainder of the line. It is designed to indicate the structure of the +distribution the line is talking about. Currently the only defined values are +<emphasis>deb</emphasis> and <emphasis>deb-src</emphasis> which indicate a +standard debian (source) archive with a dists directory. More about these +types and the URI specification can be found in the sources.list manpage. +</para> + +<section id="s2.2.1"><title>Hashing the URI</title> +<para> +All permanent information acquired from any of the sources is stored in the +lists directory. Thus, there must be a way to relate the filename in the lists +directory to a line in the sourcelist. To simplify things this is done by +quoting the URI and treating _'s as quoteable characters and converting / +to _. The URI spec says this is done by converting a sensitive character +into %xx where xx is the hexadecimal representation from the ASCII character +set. Examples: +</para> +<screen> +http://www.debian.org/archive/dists/stable/binary-i386/Packages +/var/lib/apt/lists/www.debian.org_archive_dists_stable_binary-i386_Packages + +cdrom:Debian 1.3/debian/Packages +/var/lib/apt/info/Debian%201.3_debian_Packages +</screen> +<para> +The other alternative that was considered was to use a deep directory structure +but this poses two problems, it makes it very difficult to prune directories +back when sources are no longer used and complicates the handling of the +partial directory. This gives a very simple way to deal with all of the +situations that can arise. Also note that the same rules described in the +<emphasis>Archive Directory</emphasis> section regarding the partial sub dir +apply here as well. +</para> +</section> + +</section> + +<section id="s2.3"><title>Extended States File (extended_states)</title> +<para> +The extended_states file serves the same purpose as the normal dpkg status +file (/var/lib/dpkg/status) except that it stores information unique to +apt. This includes currently only the autoflag but is open to store more +unique data that come up over time. It duplicates nothing from the normal +dpkg status file. Please see other APT documentation for a discussion of +the exact internal behavior of these fields. The Package and the Architecture +field are placed directly before the new fields to indicate which package +they apply to. The new fields are as follows: +</para> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry> +<term>Auto-Installed</term> +<listitem> +<para> +The Auto flag can be 1 (Yes) or 0 (No) and controls whether the package was +automatical installed to satisfy a dependency or if the user requested the +installation +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +</section> + +<section id="s2.4"><title>Binary Package Cache (srcpkgcache.bin and pkgcache.bin)</title> +<para> +Please see cache.sgml for a complete description of what this file +is. The cache file is updated whenever the contents of the lists +directory changes. If the cache is erased, corrupted or of a non-matching +version it will be automatically rebuilt by all of the tools that need +it. <emphasis>srcpkgcache.bin</emphasis> contains a cache of all of the +package files in the source list. This allows regeneration of the cache +when the status files change to use a prebuilt version for greater speed. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s2.5"><title>Downloads Directory (archives)</title> +<para> +The archives directory is where all downloaded .deb archives go. When the file +transfer is initiated the deb is placed in partial. Once the file is fully +downloaded and its MD5 hash and size are verified it is moved from partial +into archives/. Any files found in archives/ can be assumed to be verified. +</para> +<para> +No directory structure is transferred from the receiving site and all .deb file +names conform to debian conventions. No short (msdos) filename should be +placed in archives. If the need arises .debs should be unpacked, scanned and +renamed to their correct internal names. This is mostly to prevent file name +conflicts but other programs may depend on this if convenient. A conforming +.deb is one of the form, name_version_arch.deb. Our archive scripts do not +handle epochs, but they are necessary and should be re-inserted. If necessary +_'s and :'s in the fields should be quoted using the % convention. It must be +possible to extract all 3 fields by examining the file name. Downloaded .debs +must be found in one of the package lists with an exact name + version match.. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s2.6"><title>The Methods Directory (/usr/lib/apt/methods)</title> +<para> +The Methods directory is more fully described in the APT Methods interface +document. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s2.7"><title>The Configuration File (/etc/apt/apt.conf)</title> +<para> +The configuration file (and the associated fragments directory +/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/) is described in the apt.conf manpage. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s2.8"><title>The trusted.gpg File (/etc/apt/trusted.gpg)</title> +<para> +The trusted.gpg file (and the files in the associated fragments directory +/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/) is a binary file including the keyring used by apt to +validate that the information (e.g. the Release file) it downloads are really +from the distributor it clams to be and is unmodified and is therefore the last +step in the chain of trust between the archive and the end user. This security +system is described in the apt-secure manpage. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s2.9"><title>The Release File</title> +<para> +This file plays an important role in how APT presents the archive to the +user. Its main purpose is to present a descriptive name for the source of +each version of each package. It also is used to detect when new versions +of debian are released. It augments the package file it is associated with +by providing meta information about the entire archive which the Packages +file describes. +</para> +<para> +The full name of the distribution for presentation to the user is formed as +'label version archive', with a possible extended name being 'label version +archive component'. +</para> +<para> +The file is formed as the package file (RFC-822) with the following tags +defined: +</para> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry> +<term>Archive</term> +<listitem> +<para> +This is the common name we give our archives, such as +<emphasis>stable</emphasis> or <emphasis>unstable</emphasis>. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Component</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Refers to the sub-component of the archive, <emphasis>main</emphasis>, +<emphasis>contrib</emphasis> etc. Component may be omitted if there are no +components for this archive. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Version</term> +<listitem> +<para> +This is a version string with the same properties as in the Packages file. It +represents the release level of the archive. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Origin</term> +<listitem> +<para> +This specifies who is providing this archive. In the case of Debian the string +will read 'Debian'. Other providers may use their own string +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Label</term> +<listitem> +<para> +This carries the encompassing name of the distribution. For Debian proper this +field reads 'Debian'. For derived distributions it should contain their proper +name. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Architecture</term> +<listitem> +<para> +When the archive has packages for a single architecture then the Architecture +is listed here. If a mixed set of systems are represented then this should +contain the keyword <emphasis>mixed</emphasis>. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>NotAutomatic</term> +<listitem> +<para> +A Yes/No flag indicating that the archive is extremely unstable and its +version's should never be automatically selected. This is to be used by +experimental. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Description</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Description is used to describe the release. For instance experimental would +contain a warning that the packages have problems. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +<para> +The location of the Release file in the archive is very important, it must be +located in the same location as the packages file so that it can be located in +all situations. The following is an example for the current stable release, +1.3.1r6 +</para> +<screen> +Archive: stable +Component: main +Version: 1.3.1r6 +Origin: Debian +Label: Debian +Architecture: i386 +</screen> +<para> +This is an example of experimental, +</para> +<screen> +Archive: experimental +Version: 0 +Origin: Debian +Label: Debian +Architecture: mixed +NotAutomatic: Yes +</screen> +<para> +And unstable, +</para> +<screen> +Archive: unstable +Component: main +Version: 2.1 +Origin: Debian +Label: Debian +Architecture: i386 +</screen> +</section> + +</chapter> + + +</book> diff --git a/doc/files.sgml b/doc/files.sgml deleted file mode 100644 index 56c7f574d..000000000 --- a/doc/files.sgml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,345 +0,0 @@ -<!-- -*- mode: sgml; mode: fold -*- --> -<!doctype debiandoc PUBLIC "-//DebianDoc//DTD DebianDoc//EN"> -<book> -<title>APT Files</title> - -<author>Jason Gunthorpe <email>jgg@debian.org</email></author> -<version>$Id: files.sgml,v 1.12 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $</version> - -<abstract> -This document describes the complete implementation and format of the -installed APT directory structure. It also serves as guide to how APT -views the Debian archive. -</abstract> - -<copyright> -Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998-1999. -<p> -"APT" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/or -modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published -by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your -option) any later version. - -<p> -For more details, on Debian systems, see the file -/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL for the full license. -</copyright> - -<toc sect> - -<chapt>Introduction -<!-- General {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>General - -<p> -This document serves two purposes. The first is to document the installed -directory structure and the format and purpose of each file. The second -purpose is to document how APT views the Debian archive and deals with -multiple package files. - -<p> -The var directory structure is as follows: -<example> - /var/lib/apt/ - lists/ - partial/ - periodic/ - extended_states - cdroms.list - /var/cache/apt/ - archives/ - partial/ - pkgcache.bin - srcpkgcache.bin - /etc/apt/ - sources.list.d/ - apt.conf.d/ - preferences.d/ - trusted.gpg.d/ - sources.list - apt.conf - apt_preferences - trusted.gpg - /usr/lib/apt/ - methods/ - bzip2 - cdrom - copy - file - ftp - gpgv - gzip - http - https - lzma - rred - rsh - ssh -</example> - -<p> -As is specified in the FHS 2.1 /var/lib/apt is used for application -data that is not expected to be user modified. /var/cache/apt is used -for regeneratable data and is where the package cache and downloaded .debs -go. /etc/apt is the place where configuration should happen and -/usr/lib/apt is the place where the apt and other packages can place -binaries which can be used by the acquire system of APT. -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> - -<chapt>Files -<!-- Distribution Source List {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Files and fragment directories in /etc/apt - -<p> -All files in /etc/apt are used to modify specific aspects of APT. To enable -other packages to ship needed configuration herself all these files have -a fragment directory packages can place their files in instead of mangling -with the main files. The main files are therefore considered to be only -used by the user and not by a package. The documentation omits this directories -most of the time to be easier readable, so every time the documentation includes -a reference to a main file it really means the file or the fragment directories. - -</sect> - -<sect>Distribution Source list (sources.list) - -<p> -The distribution source list is used to locate archives of the debian -distribution. It is designed to support any number of active sources and to -support a mix of source media. The file lists one source per line, with the -fastest source listed first. The format of each line is: - -<p> -<var>type uri args</var> - -<p> -The first item, <var>type</var>, indicates the format for the remainder -of the line. It is designed to indicate the structure of the distribution -the line is talking about. Currently the only defined values are <em>deb</em> -and <em>deb-src</em> which indicate a standard debian (source) archive with a -dists directory. More about these types and the URI specification can be found -in the sources.list manpage. - -<sect1>Hashing the URI -<p> -All permanent information acquired from any of the sources is stored in the -lists directory. Thus, there must be a way to relate the filename in the -lists directory to a line in the sourcelist. To simplify things this is -done by quoting the URI and treating _'s as quoteable characters and -converting / to _. The URI spec says this is done by converting a -sensitive character into %xx where xx is the hexadecimal representation -from the ASCII character set. Examples: - -<example> -http://www.debian.org/archive/dists/stable/binary-i386/Packages -/var/lib/apt/lists/www.debian.org_archive_dists_stable_binary-i386_Packages - -cdrom:Debian 1.3/debian/Packages -/var/lib/apt/info/Debian%201.3_debian_Packages -</example> - -<p> -The other alternative that was considered was to use a deep directory -structure but this poses two problems, it makes it very difficult to prune -directories back when sources are no longer used and complicates the handling -of the partial directory. This gives a very simple way to deal with all -of the situations that can arise. Also note that the same rules described in -the <em>Archive Directory</> section regarding the partial sub dir apply -here as well. -</sect1> - -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- Extended Status {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Extended States File (extended_states) - -<p> -The extended_states file serves the same purpose as the normal dpkg status file -(/var/lib/dpkg/status) except that it stores information unique to apt. -This includes currently only the autoflag but is open to store more -unique data that come up over time. It duplicates nothing from the normal -dpkg status file. Please see other APT documentation for a discussion -of the exact internal behavior of these fields. The Package and the -Architecture field are placed directly before the new fields to indicate -which package they apply to. The new fields are as follows: - -<taglist> -<tag>Auto-Installed<item> - The Auto flag can be 1 (Yes) or 0 (No) and controls whether the package - was automatical installed to satisfy a dependency or if the user requested - the installation -</taglist> -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- Binary Package Cache {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Binary Package Cache (srcpkgcache.bin and pkgcache.bin) - -<p> -Please see cache.sgml for a complete description of what this file is. The -cache file is updated whenever the contents of the lists directory changes. -If the cache is erased, corrupted or of a non-matching version it will -be automatically rebuilt by all of the tools that need it. -<em>srcpkgcache.bin</> contains a cache of all of the package files in the -source list. This allows regeneration of the cache when the status files -change to use a prebuilt version for greater speed. -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- Downloads Directory {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Downloads Directory (archives) - -<p> -The archives directory is where all downloaded .deb archives go. When the -file transfer is initiated the deb is placed in partial. Once the file -is fully downloaded and its MD5 hash and size are verified it is moved -from partial into archives/. Any files found in archives/ can be assumed -to be verified. - -<p> -No directory structure is transferred from the receiving site and all .deb -file names conform to debian conventions. No short (msdos) filename should -be placed in archives. If the need arises .debs should be unpacked, scanned -and renamed to their correct internal names. This is mostly to prevent -file name conflicts but other programs may depend on this if convenient. -A conforming .deb is one of the form, name_version_arch.deb. Our archive -scripts do not handle epochs, but they are necessary and should be re-inserted. -If necessary _'s and :'s in the fields should be quoted using the % convention. -It must be possible to extract all 3 fields by examining the file name. -Downloaded .debs must be found in one of the package lists with an exact -name + version match.. -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- The Methods Directory {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect> The Methods Directory (/usr/lib/apt/methods) - -<p> -The Methods directory is more fully described in the APT Methods interface -document. -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- The Configuration File {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect> The Configuration File (/etc/apt/apt.conf) - -<p> -The configuration file (and the associated fragments directory -/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/) is described in the apt.conf manpage. -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- The trusted.gpg File {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect> The trusted.gpg File (/etc/apt/trusted.gpg) - -<p> -The trusted.gpg file (and the files in the associated fragments directory -/etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/) is a binary file including the keyring used -by apt to validate that the information (e.g. the Release file) it -downloads are really from the distributor it clams to be and is -unmodified and is therefore the last step in the chain of trust between -the archive and the end user. This security system is described in the -apt-secure manpage. -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- The Release File {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect> The Release File - -<p> -This file plays an important role in how APT presents the archive to the -user. Its main purpose is to present a descriptive name for the source -of each version of each package. It also is used to detect when new versions -of debian are released. It augments the package file it is associated with -by providing meta information about the entire archive which the Packages -file describes. - -<p> -The full name of the distribution for presentation to the user is formed -as 'label version archive', with a possible extended name being -'label version archive component'. - -<p> -The file is formed as the package file (RFC-822) with the following tags -defined: - -<taglist> -<tag>Archive<item> -This is the common name we give our archives, such as <em>stable</> or -<em>unstable</>. - -<tag>Component<item> -Refers to the sub-component of the archive, <em>main</>, <em>contrib</> -etc. Component may be omitted if there are no components for this archive. - -<tag>Version<item> -This is a version string with the same properties as in the Packages file. -It represents the release level of the archive. - -<tag>Origin<item> -This specifies who is providing this archive. In the case of Debian the -string will read 'Debian'. Other providers may use their own string - -<tag>Label<item> -This carries the encompassing name of the distribution. For Debian proper -this field reads 'Debian'. For derived distributions it should contain their -proper name. - -<tag>Architecture<item> -When the archive has packages for a single architecture then the Architecture -is listed here. If a mixed set of systems are represented then this should -contain the keyword <em>mixed</em>. - -<tag>NotAutomatic<item> -A Yes/No flag indicating that the archive is extremely unstable and its -version's should never be automatically selected. This is to be used by -experimental. - -<tag>Description<item> -Description is used to describe the release. For instance experimental would -contain a warning that the packages have problems. -</taglist> - -<p> -The location of the Release file in the archive is very important, it must -be located in the same location as the packages file so that it can be -located in all situations. The following is an example for the current stable -release, 1.3.1r6 - -<example> -Archive: stable -Component: main -Version: 1.3.1r6 -Origin: Debian -Label: Debian -Architecture: i386 -</example> - -This is an example of experimental, -<example> -Archive: experimental -Version: 0 -Origin: Debian -Label: Debian -Architecture: mixed -NotAutomatic: Yes -</example> - -And unstable, -<example> -Archive: unstable -Component: main -Version: 2.1 -Origin: Debian -Label: Debian -Architecture: i386 -</example> - -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> - -</book> diff --git a/doc/guide.dbk b/doc/guide.dbk new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e8a8ae274 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/guide.dbk @@ -0,0 +1,560 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!-- -*- DocBook -*- --> +<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ +<!ENTITY % aptverbatiment SYSTEM "apt-verbatim.ent"> %aptverbatiment; +]> + +<book lang="en"> + +<title>APT User's Guide</title> + +<bookinfo> + +<authorgroup> + <author> + <personname>Jason Gunthorpe</personname><email>jgg@debian.org</email> + </author> +</authorgroup> + +<releaseinfo>Version &apt-product-version;</releaseinfo> + +<abstract> +<para> +This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager. +</para> +</abstract> + +<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright> + +<legalnotice> +<title>License Notice</title> +<para> +"APT" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/or +modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your +option) any later version. +</para> +</legalnotice> + +<legalnotice> +<para> +For more details, on Debian systems, see the file +/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL for the full license. +</para> +</legalnotice> + +</bookinfo> + +<chapter id="ch1"><title>General</title> +<para> +The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT +<command>dselect</command> method and the <command>apt-get</command> command +line user interface. Both provide a way to install and remove packages as well +as download new packages from the Internet. +</para> + +<section id="s1.1"><title>Anatomy of the Package System</title> +<para> +The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated with +each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into the +system. The most prominent of its features is the dependency system. +</para> +<para> +The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared elements +in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently used +portions of a program in separate packages to reduce the number of things the +average user is required to install. Also, it allows for choices in mail +transport agents, X servers and so on. +</para> +<para> +The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the concept +of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a package +requires another package to be installed at the same time to work properly. +</para> +<para> +For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email +with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a +simple dependency on GPG. Also, because it is an emacs extension it has a +simple dependency on emacs, without emacs it is completely useless. +</para> +<para> +The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It +means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and +may possibly be extremely harmful to the system. As an example consider a mail +transport agent such as sendmail, exim or qmail. It is not possible to have +two mail transport agents installed because both need to listen to the network +to receive mail. Attempting to install two will seriously damage the system so +all mail transport agents have a conflicting dependency with all other mail +transport agents. +</para> +<para> +As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend to +be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are +identical, they both deliver mail and understand a common interface. Hence, +the package system has a way for them to declare that they are both +mail-transport-agents. So, exim and sendmail both declare that they provide a +mail-transport-agent and other packages that need a mail transport agent depend +on mail-transport-agent. This can add a great deal of confusion when trying to +manually fix packages. +</para> +<para> +At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are already +installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency issues by +providing a number of automatic algorithms that help in selecting packages for +installation. +</para> +</section> + +</chapter> + +<chapter id="ch2"><title>apt-get</title> +<para> +<command>apt-get</command> provides a simple way to install packages from the +command line. Unlike <command>dpkg</command>, <command>apt-get</command> does +not understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and can only +install .deb archives from a <emphasis>Source</emphasis>. +</para> +<para> +The first <footnote><para> If you are using an http proxy server you must set +the http_proxy environment variable first, see sources.list(5) </para> +</footnote> thing that should be done before using <command>apt-get</command> +is to fetch the package lists from the <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> so that it +knows what packages are available. This is done with <literal>apt-get +update</literal>. For instance, +</para> +<screen> +# apt-get update +Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages +Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages +Reading Package Lists... Done +Building Dependency Tree... Done +</screen> +<para> +Once updated there are several commands that can be used: +</para> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry> +<term>upgrade</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never +install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever upgrade a +package that might cause some other package to break. This can be used daily +to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade will list all of the packages +that it could not upgrade, this usually means that they depend on new packages +or conflict with some other package. <command>dselect</command> or +<literal>apt-get install</literal> can be used to force these packages to +install. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>install</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically +fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of the +package to install and do not want to go into a GUI to select it. Any number +of packages may be passed to install, they will all be fetched. Install +automatically attempts to resolve dependency problems with the listed packages +and will print a summary and ask for confirmation if anything other than its +arguments are changed. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>dist-upgrade</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between +releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best +set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system to +the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use dist-upgrade +rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in +<command>dselect</command>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then +<command>dselect</command> can be used to install any packages that may have +been left out. +</para> +<para> +It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its +decisions may sometimes be quite surprising. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +<para> +<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are detailed +in its man page, +<citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The +most useful option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the +fetched files. If the system has to download a large number of package it +would be undesired to start installing them in case something goes wrong. When +<literal>-d</literal> is used the downloaded archives can be installed by +simply running the command that caused them to be downloaded again without +<literal>-d</literal>. +</para> +</chapter> + +<chapter id="ch3"><title>DSelect</title> +<para> +The APT <command>dselect</command> method provides the complete +APT system with the <command>dselect</command> package selection +GUI. <command>dselect</command> is used to select the packages to be +installed or removed and APT actually installs them. +</para> +<para> +To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in +<command>dselect</command> and then choose the APT method. You will be +prompted for a set of <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> which are places to fetch +archives from. These can be remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or +CD-ROMs. Each source can provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT +will automatically combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you +have a CD-ROM then it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a +mirror so that you have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically +use packages on your CD-ROM before downloading from the Internet. +</para> +<screen> + Set up a list of distribution source locations + + Please give the base URL of the debian distribution. + The access schemes I know about are: http file + + For example: + file:/mnt/debian, + ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian, + http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian, + + + URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]: +</screen> +<para> +The <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> setup starts by asking for the base of the +Debian archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution +to get. +</para> +<screen> + Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the + package file ending in a /. The distribution + tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US + + Distribution [stable]: +</screen> +<para> +The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, +<emphasis>stable</emphasis> refers to the latest released version +and <emphasis>unstable</emphasis> refers to the developmental +version. <emphasis>non-US</emphasis> is only available on some mirrors +and refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other +things that cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these +packages into the US is legal however. +</para> +<screen> + Please give the components to get + The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free + + Components [main contrib non-free]: +</screen> +<para> +The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The +distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free +packages while contrib and non-free contain things that have various +restrictions placed on their use and distribution. +</para> +<para> +Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt +until you have specified all that you want. +</para> +<para> +Before starting to use <command>dselect</command> it is necessary to update +the available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of +<literal>apt-get update</literal> that makes the fetched information available +to <command>dselect</command>. [U]pdate must be performed even if +<literal>apt-get update</literal> has been run before. +</para> +<para> +You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform +the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and +[R]emove commands have no meaning, the [I]nstall command performs both of +them together. +</para> +<para> +By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they +have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place +<literal>Dselect::clean "prompt";</literal> in /etc/apt/apt.conf. +</para> +</chapter> + +<chapter id="ch4"><title>The Interface</title> +<para> +Both that APT <command>dselect</command> method and <command>apt-get</command> +share the same interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what +it will do and then goes and does it. <footnote><para> The +<command>dselect</command> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts to +<command>apt-get</command>. The method actually provides more functionality +than is present in <command>apt-get</command> alone. </para> </footnote> After +printing out a summary of what will happen APT then will print out some +informative status messages so that you can estimate how far along it is and +how much is left to do. +</para> + +<section id="s4.1"><title>Startup</title> +<para> +Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions +to prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's +state. At any time these operations can be performed by running +<literal>apt-get check</literal>. +</para> +<screen> +# apt-get check +Reading Package Lists... Done +Building Dependency Tree... Done +</screen> +<para> +The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses a +caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is run. If +some of the package files are not found then they will be ignored and a +warning will be printed when apt-get exits. +</para> +<para> +The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's +dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked +package and considers if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report +will be printed out and <command>apt-get</command> will refuse to run. +</para> +<screen> +# apt-get check +Reading Package Lists... Done +Building Dependency Tree... Done +You might want to run apt-get -f install' to correct these. +Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies: + 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed + uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed + blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed + adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed + aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed + debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed + bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed + cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed + Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed + libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1) +</screen> +<para> +In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem with +libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is printed +out indicating the package with the problem and the dependencies that are +unmet. A short explanation of why the package has a dependency problem is also +included. +</para> +<para> +There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The +first is caused by <command>dpkg</command> missing some subtle relationships +between packages when performing upgrades. <footnote><para> APT however +considers all known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken +packages </para> </footnote>. The second is if a package installation +fails during an operation. In this situation a package may have been +unpacked without its dependents being installed. +</para> +<para> +The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places +certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases +supplying the <literal>-f</literal> option to <command>apt-get</command> +will cause APT to deduce a possible solution to the problem and then +continue on. The APT <command>dselect</command> method always supplies +the <literal>-f</literal> option to allow for easy continuation of failed +maintainer scripts. +</para> +<para> +However, if the <literal>-f</literal> option is used to correct a seriously +broken system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either +fail immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either case it is +necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct the +situation enough to allow APT to proceed. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s4.2"><title>The Status Report</title> +<para> +Before proceeding <command>apt-get</command> will present a report on what will +happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed +but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists reflect the +final state of things, taking into account the <literal>-f</literal> option +and any other relevant activities to the command being executed. +</para> + +<section id="s4.2.1"><title>The Extra Package list</title> +<screen> +The following extra packages will be installed: + libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl + mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base + bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy + squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2 + ssh +</screen> +<para> +The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or +upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only +generated for an <literal>install</literal> command. The listed packages are +often the result of an Auto Install. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s4.2.2"><title>The Packages to Remove</title> +<screen> +The following packages will be REMOVED: + xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix + xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel + xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid + nas xpilot xfig +</screen> +<para> +The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed +from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be given +a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to be taken off. The +<literal>-f</literal> option is especially good at generating packages to +remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain +packages that are going to be removed because they are only partially +installed, possibly due to an aborted installation. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s4.2.3"><title>The New Packages list</title> +<screen> +The following NEW packages will installed: + zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base +</screen> +<para> +The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages +listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is done. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s4.2.4"><title>The Kept Back list</title> +<screen> +The following packages have been kept back + compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1 + gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver +</screen> +<para> +Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that new +versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things or +conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will appear +in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed there to +install is with <literal>apt-get install</literal> or by using +<command>dselect</command> to resolve their problems. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s4.2.5"><title>Held Packages warning</title> +<screen> +The following held packages will be changed: + cvs +</screen> +<para> +Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a case +it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be changed. This +should only happen during dist-upgrade or install. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s4.2.6"><title>Final summary</title> +<para> +Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur. +</para> +<screen> +206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded. +12 packages not fully installed or removed. +Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used. +</screen> +<para> +The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the lists +and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already installed that +have new versions available. The second line indicates the number of poorly +configured packages, possibly the result of an aborted installation. The final +line shows the space requirements that the installation needs. The first pair +of numbers refer to the size of the archive files. The first number indicates +the number of bytes that must be fetched from remote locations and the second +indicates the total size of all the archives required. The next number +indicates the size difference between the presently installed packages and the +newly installed packages. It is roughly equivalent to the space required in +/usr after everything is done. If a large number of packages are being removed +then the value may indicate the amount of space that will be freed. +</para> +<para> +Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages to +upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples. +</para> +</section> + +</section> + +<section id="s4.3"><title>The Status Display</title> +<para> +During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of +status messages. +</para> +<screen> +# apt-get update +Get:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages +Get:2 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages +Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages +Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages +Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages +11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s +</screen> +<para> +The lines starting with <emphasis>Get</emphasis> are printed out when APT +begins to fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the +download. The first percent value on the progress line indicates the total +percent done of all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files +is unknown <literal>apt-get update</literal> estimates the percent done which +causes some inaccuracies. +</para> +<para> +The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download +thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful +information about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply +read <emphasis>Forking</emphasis> which means the OS is loading the download +module. The first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the +history lines. The next word is the short form name of the object being +downloaded. For archives it will contain the name of the package that is +being fetched. +</para> +<para> +Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress of +the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from +<emphasis>Connecting</emphasis> to <emphasis>Waiting for file</emphasis> to +<emphasis>Downloading</emphasis> or <emphasis>Resuming</emphasis>. The final +value is the number of bytes downloaded from the remote site. Once the +download begins this is represented as <literal>102/10.2k</literal> indicating +that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is expected. The total +size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve space. After the size +display is a percent meter for the file itself. The second last element is the +instantaneous average speed. This values is updated every 5 seconds and +reflects the rate of data transfer for that period. Finally is shown the +estimated transfer time. This is updated regularly and reflects the time to +complete everything at the shown transfer rate. +</para> +<para> +The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback on +the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file is +started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is unsuitable for +logging to a file, use the <literal>-q</literal> option to remove the status +display. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s4.4"><title>Dpkg</title> +<para> +APT uses <command>dpkg</command> for installing the archives and will +switch over to the <command>dpkg</command> interface once downloading is +completed. <command>dpkg</command> will also ask a number of questions as +it processes the packages and the packages themselves may also ask several +questions. Before each question there is usually a description of what it +is asking and the questions are too varied to discuss completely here. +</para> +</section> + +</chapter> + +</book> diff --git a/doc/guide.sgml b/doc/guide.sgml deleted file mode 100644 index 747c5718c..000000000 --- a/doc/guide.sgml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,547 +0,0 @@ -<!-- -*- mode: sgml; mode: fold -*- --> -<!doctype debiandoc PUBLIC "-//DebianDoc//DTD DebianDoc//EN"> -<book> -<title>APT User's Guide</title> - -<author>Jason Gunthorpe <email>jgg@debian.org</email></author> -<version>$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $</version> - -<abstract> -This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager. -</abstract> - -<copyright> -Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998. -<p> -"APT" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/or -modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published -by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your -option) any later version. - -<p> -For more details, on Debian systems, see the file -/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL for the full license. -</copyright> - -<toc sect> - -<!-- General {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<chapt>General - -<p> -The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <prgn>dselect</> -method and the <prgn>apt-get</> command line user interface. Both provide -a way to install and remove packages as well as download new packages from -the Internet. - -<sect>Anatomy of the Package System -<p> -The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated with -each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into -the system. The most prominent of its features is the dependency system. - -<p> -The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared -elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently -used portions of a program in separate packages to reduce the -number of things the average user is required to install. Also, it allows -for choices in mail transport agents, X servers and -so on. - -<p> -The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the concept -of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a package -requires another package to be installed at the same time to work properly. - -<p> -For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email -with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a -simple dependency on GPG. Also, because it is an emacs extension it has a -simple dependency on emacs, without emacs it is completely useless. - -<p> -The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It -means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and -may possibly be extremely harmful to the system. As an example consider a -mail transport agent such as sendmail, exim or qmail. It is not possible -to have two mail transport agents installed because both need to listen to -the network to receive mail. Attempting to install two will seriously -damage the system so all mail transport agents have a conflicting dependency -with all other mail transport agents. - -<p> -As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend -to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are -identical, they both deliver mail and understand a common interface. Hence, -the package system has a way for them to declare that they are both -mail-transport-agents. So, exim and sendmail both declare that they provide a -mail-transport-agent and other packages that need a mail transport agent -depend on mail-transport-agent. This can add a great deal of confusion when -trying to manually fix packages. - -<p> -At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are already -installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency issues -by providing a number of automatic algorithms that help in selecting packages -for installation. -</sect> - -</chapt> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- apt-get {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<chapt>apt-get - -<p> -<prgn>apt-get</> provides a simple way to install packages from the command -line. Unlike <prgn>dpkg</>, <prgn>apt-get</> does not understand .deb files, -it works with the package's proper name and can only install .deb archives from -a <em>Source</>. - -<p> -The first <footnote>If you are using an http proxy server you must set the -http_proxy environment variable first, see sources.list(5)</footnote> thing that -should be done before using <prgn>apt-get</> is to fetch the package lists -from the <em>Sources</> so that it knows what packages are -available. This is done with <tt>apt-get update</>. For instance, - -<p> -<example> -# apt-get update -Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages -Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages -Reading Package Lists... Done -Building Dependency Tree... Done -</example> - -<p> -Once updated there are several commands that can be used: -<taglist> -<tag>upgrade<item> -Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will -never install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it -ever upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break. -This can be used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade -will list all of the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually -means that they depend on new packages or conflict with some other package. -<prgn>dselect</> or <tt>apt-get install</> can be used to force these -packages to install. - -<tag>install<item> -Install is used to install packages by name. The package is -automatically fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already -know the name of the package to install and do not want to go into a GUI -to select it. Any number of packages may be passed to install, they will -all be fetched. Install automatically attempts to resolve dependency problems -with the listed packages and will print a summary and ask for confirmation -if anything other than its arguments are changed. - -<tag>dist-upgrade<item> -Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between -releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best -set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system -to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use dist-upgrade -rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in <prgn>dselect</>. -Once dist-upgrade has completed then <prgn>dselect</> can be used to install -any packages that may have been left out. - -<p> -It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its -decisions may sometimes be quite surprising. -</taglist> - -<p> -<prgn>apt-get</> has several command line options that are detailed in its -man page, <manref name="apt-get" section="8">. The most useful option is -<tt>-d</> which does not install the fetched files. If the system has to -download a large number of package it would be undesired to start installing -them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</> is used the downloaded -archives can be installed by simply running the command that caused them to -be downloaded again without <tt>-d</>. - -</chapt> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- DSelect {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<chapt>DSelect -<p> -The APT <prgn>dselect</> method provides the complete APT system with -the <prgn>dselect</> package selection GUI. <prgn>dselect</> is used to -select the packages to be installed or removed and APT actually installs them. - -<p> -To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</> -and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of -<em>Sources</> which are places to fetch archives from. These can be remote -Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source can provide -a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically combine them -to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CD-ROM then it is a good idea -to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you have access to -the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use packages on your CD-ROM before -downloading from the Internet. - -<p> -<example> - Set up a list of distribution source locations - - Please give the base URL of the debian distribution. - The access schemes I know about are: http file - - For example: - file:/mnt/debian, - ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian, - http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian, - - - URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]: -</example> - -<p> -The <em>Sources</> setup starts by asking for the base of the Debian -archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution to -get. - -<p> -<example> - Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the - package file ending in a /. The distribution - tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US - - Distribution [stable]: -</example> - -<p> -The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, <em>stable</> -refers to the latest released version and <em>unstable</> refers to the -developmental version. <em>non-US</> is only available on some mirrors and -refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things that -cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages into the -US is legal however. - -<p> -<example> - Please give the components to get - The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free - - Components [main contrib non-free]: -</example> - -<p> -The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The -distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free -packages while contrib and non-free contain things that have various -restrictions placed on their use and distribution. - -<p> -Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to -prompt until you have specified all that you want. - -<p> -Before starting to use <prgn>dselect</> it is necessary to update the -available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of -<tt>apt-get update</> that makes the fetched information available to -<prgn>dselect</>. [U]pdate must be performed even if <tt>apt-get update</> -has been run before. - -<p> -You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then -perform the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method -the [C]onfig and [R]emove commands have no meaning, the [I]nstall command -performs both of them together. - -<p> -By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they have been -successfully installed. To change this behavior place <tt>Dselect::clean -"prompt";</> in /etc/apt/apt.conf. - -</chapt> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- The Interfaces {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<chapt>The Interface - -<p> -Both that APT <prgn>dselect</> method and <prgn>apt-get</> share the same -interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what it will do -and then goes and does it. -<footnote> -The <prgn>dselect</> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts -to <prgn>apt-get</>. The method actually provides more functionality than -is present in <prgn>apt-get</> alone. -</footnote> -After printing out a summary of what will happen APT then will print out some -informative status messages so that you can estimate how far along it is and -how much is left to do. - -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Startup - -<p> -Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to -prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's state. -At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get check</>. -<p> -<example> -# apt-get check -Reading Package Lists... Done -Building Dependency Tree... Done -</example> - -<p> -The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT -uses a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it -is run. If some of the package files are not found then they will be ignored -and a warning will be printed when apt-get exits. - -<p> -The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's dependencies. -It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked package and considers -if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report will be printed out and -<prgn>apt-get</> will refuse to run. - -<p> -<example> -# apt-get check -Reading Package Lists... Done -Building Dependency Tree... Done -You might want to run apt-get -f install' to correct these. -Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies: - 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed - uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed - blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed - adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed - aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed - debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed - bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed - cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed - Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed - libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1) -</example> - -<p> -In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem -with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line -is printed out indicating the package with the problem and the dependencies -that are unmet. A short explanation of why the package has a dependency -problem is also included. - -<p> -There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The -first is caused by <prgn>dpkg</> missing some subtle relationships between -packages when performing upgrades. <footnote>APT however considers all known -dependencies and attempts to prevent broken packages</footnote>. The second is -if a package installation fails during an operation. In this situation a -package may have been unpacked without its dependents being installed. - -<p> -The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places -certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases -supplying the <tt>-f</> option to <prgn>apt-get</> will cause APT to deduce a -possible solution to the problem and then continue on. The APT <prgn>dselect</> -method always supplies the <tt>-f</> option to allow for easy continuation -of failed maintainer scripts. - -<p> -However, if the <tt>-f</> option is used to correct a seriously broken system -caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either fail -immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either case it is -necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct -the situation enough to allow APT to proceed. -</sect> - -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>The Status Report - -<p> -Before proceeding <prgn>apt-get</> will present a report on what will happen. -Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed but there -are several common elements. In all cases the lists reflect the final state -of things, taking into account the <tt>-f</> option and any other relevant -activities to the command being executed. - -<sect1>The Extra Package list -<p> -<example> -The following extra packages will be installed: - libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl - mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base - bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy - squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2 - ssh -</example> - -<p> -The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed -or upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is -only generated for an <tt>install</> command. The listed packages are -often the result of an Auto Install. -</sect1> - -<sect1>The Packages to Remove -<p> -<example> -The following packages will be REMOVED: - xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix - xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel - xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid - nas xpilot xfig -</example> - -<p> -The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be -removed from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and -should be given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to -be taken off. The <tt>-f</> option is especially good at generating packages -to remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain -packages that are going to be removed because they are only -partially installed, possibly due to an aborted installation. -</sect1> - -<sect1>The New Packages list -<p> -<example> -The following NEW packages will installed: - zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base -</example> - -<p> -The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages -listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is done. -</sect1> - -<sect1>The Kept Back list -<p> -<example> -The following packages have been kept back - compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1 - gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver -</example> - -<p> -Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that -new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things -or conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will -appear in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed -there to install is with <tt>apt-get install</> or by using <prgn>dselect</> -to resolve their problems. -</sect1> - -<sect1>Held Packages warning -<p> -<example> -The following held packages will be changed: - cvs -</example> - -<p> -Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a -case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be -changed. This should only happen during dist-upgrade or install. -</sect1> - -<sect1>Final summary -<p> -Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur. - -<p> -<example> -206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded. -12 packages not fully installed or removed. -Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used. -</example> - -<p> -The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the -lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already -installed that have new versions available. The second line indicates the -number of poorly configured packages, possibly the result of an aborted -installation. The final line shows the space requirements that the -installation needs. The first pair of numbers refer to the size of -the archive files. The first number indicates the number of bytes that -must be fetched from remote locations and the second indicates the -total size of all the archives required. The next number indicates the -size difference between the presently installed packages and the newly -installed packages. It is roughly equivalent to the space required in -/usr after everything is done. If a large number of packages are being -removed then the value may indicate the amount of space that will be -freed. - -<p> -Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages -to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples. -</sect> - -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>The Status Display -<p> -During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of -status messages. - -<p> -<example> -# apt-get update -Get:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages -Get:2 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages -Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages -Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages -Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages -11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s -</example> - -<p> -The lines starting with <em>Get</> are printed out when APT begins to fetch -a file while the last line indicates the progress of the download. The first -percent value on the progress line indicates the total percent done of all -files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files is unknown -<tt>apt-get update</> estimates the percent done which causes some -inaccuracies. - -<p> -The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download thread -and indicates the operation being performed and some useful information -about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read <em>Forking</> -which means the OS is loading the download module. The first word after the [ -is the fetch number as shown on the history lines. The next word -is the short form name of the object being downloaded. For archives it will -contain the name of the package that is being fetched. - -<p> -Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress -of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from -<em>Connecting</> to <em>Waiting for file</> to <em>Downloading</> or -<em>Resuming</>. The final value is the number of bytes downloaded from the -remote site. Once the download begins this is represented as <tt>102/10.2k</> -indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is expected. -The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve space. After -the size display is a percent meter for the file itself. -The second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This values is -updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for that -period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated -regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown -transfer rate. - -<p> -The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback -on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new -file is started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is -unsuitable for logging to a file, use the <tt>-q</> option to remove the -status display. -</sect> - -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Dpkg - -<p> -APT uses <prgn>dpkg</> for installing the archives and will switch -over to the <prgn>dpkg</> interface once downloading is completed. -<prgn>dpkg</> will also ask a number of questions as it processes the packages -and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. Before each -question there is usually a description of what it is asking and the -questions are too varied to discuss completely here. -</sect> - -</chapt> - <!-- }}} --> - -</book> diff --git a/doc/makefile b/doc/makefile index 3939c749f..5ab31ad3b 100644 --- a/doc/makefile +++ b/doc/makefile @@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ SUBDIR=doc # Bring in the default rules include ../buildlib/defaults.mak -# Debian Doc SGML Documents -SOURCE = $(wildcard *.sgml) -DEBIANDOC_HTML_OPTIONS=-l en.UTF-8 -include $(DEBIANDOC_H) +# DocBook XML Documents +SOURCE = $(wildcard *.dbk) +LC = en +include $(DOCBOOK_H) -doc: manpages debiandoc +doc: manpages docbook examples/sources.list: ../vendor/current/sources.list ln -sf $(shell readlink -f $^) $@ @@ -24,12 +24,12 @@ TO = $(DOC) TARGET = binary include $(COPY_H) -.PHONY: clean clean/subdirs veryclean veryclean/subdirs manpages/subdirs debiandoc/subdirs all binary doc stats +.PHONY: clean clean/subdirs veryclean veryclean/subdirs manpages/subdirs docbook/subdirs all binary doc stats clean: clean/subdirs clean/examples veryclean: veryclean/subdirs clean/examples manpages: apt-vendor.ent manpages/subdirs -debiandoc: debiandoc/subdirs +docbook: docbook/subdirs DOCUMENTATIONPO = $(patsubst %.po,%,$(notdir $(wildcard po/*.po))) DOCDIRLIST = $(addsuffix /makefile,$(DOCUMENTATIONPO)) @@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ $(DOCDIRLIST) :: %/makefile : lang.makefile test -d $(dir $@) || mkdir $(dir $@) sed "s#@@LANG@@#$(subst /,,$(dir $@))#" $< > $@ -debiandoc/subdirs manpages/subdirs clean/subdirs veryclean/subdirs: +docbook/subdirs manpages/subdirs clean/subdirs veryclean/subdirs: for dir in en $(dir $(DOCDIRLIST)); do \ $(MAKE) -C $$dir $(patsubst %/subdirs,%,$@); \ done @@ -53,11 +53,11 @@ stats: ifdef PO4A MANPAGEPOLIST = $(addprefix manpages-translation-,$(DOCUMENTATIONPO)) -DEBIANDOCPOLIST = $(addprefix debiandoc-translation-,$(DOCUMENTATIONPO)) +DOCBOOKPOLIST = $(addprefix docbook-translation-,$(DOCUMENTATIONPO)) -.PHONY: update-po po4a $(MANPAGEPOLIST) $(DEBIANDOCPOLIST) $(DOCDIRLIST) +.PHONY: update-po po4a $(MANPAGEPOLIST) $(DOCBOOKPOLIST) $(DOCDIRLIST) -po4a: manpages/subdirs debiandoc/subdirs +po4a: manpages/subdirs docbook/subdirs update-po: po4a --previous --no-backups --force --no-translations \ @@ -78,10 +78,10 @@ $(MANPAGEPOLIST) :: manpages-translation-% : %/makefile po4a.conf --package-name='$(PACKAGE)-doc' --package-version='$(PACKAGE_VERSION)' \ --msgid-bugs-address='$(PACKAGE_MAIL)' po4a.conf -debiandoc/subdirs: $(DEBIANDOCPOLIST) -$(DEBIANDOCPOLIST) :: debiandoc-translation-% : %/makefile po4a.conf +docbook/subdirs: $(DOCBOOKPOLIST) +$(DOCBOOKPOLIST) :: docbook-translation-% : %/makefile po4a.conf po4a --previous --no-backups --translate-only $(dir $<)apt.ent \ - $(patsubst %,--translate-only $(dir $<)%,$(patsubst %.sgml,%.$(subst /,,$(dir $<)).sgml,$(wildcard *.sgml))) \ + $(patsubst %,--translate-only $(dir $<)%,$(patsubst %.dbk,%.$(subst /,,$(dir $<)).dbk,$(wildcard *.dbk))) \ --package-name='$(PACKAGE)-doc' --package-version='$(PACKAGE_VERSION)' \ --msgid-bugs-address='$(PACKAGE_MAIL)' po4a.conf endif @@ -101,5 +101,5 @@ $(BUILD)/doc/doxygen-stamp: $(DOXYGEN_SOURCES) $(BUILD)/doc/Doxyfile $(DOXYGEN) $(BUILD)/doc/Doxyfile touch $(BUILD)/doc/doxygen-stamp -debiandoc: $(BUILD)/doc/doxygen-stamp +docbook: $(BUILD)/doc/doxygen-stamp endif diff --git a/doc/manpage-style.xsl b/doc/manpage-style.xsl index 5cb6a58c2..a780bad13 100644 --- a/doc/manpage-style.xsl +++ b/doc/manpage-style.xsl @@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ <xsl:import href="/usr/share/xml/docbook/stylesheet/nwalsh/manpages/docbook.xsl" /> <xsl:param name="man.output.encoding" select="'UTF-8'" /> -<!-- LANGUAGE --> <xsl:template match="email"><<xsl:apply-templates/>></xsl:template> diff --git a/doc/method.dbk b/doc/method.dbk new file mode 100644 index 000000000..d2eb04df1 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/method.dbk @@ -0,0 +1,712 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!-- -*- DocBook -*- --> +<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ +<!ENTITY % aptverbatiment SYSTEM "apt-verbatim.ent"> %aptverbatiment; +]> + +<book lang="en"> + +<title>APT Method Interface</title> + +<bookinfo> + +<authorgroup> + <author> + <personname>Jason Gunthorpe</personname><email>jgg@debian.org</email> + </author> +</authorgroup> + +<releaseinfo>Version &apt-product-version;</releaseinfo> + +<abstract> +<para> +This document describes the interface that APT uses to the archive access +methods. +</para> +</abstract> + +<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright> + +<legalnotice> +<title>License Notice</title> +<para> +"APT" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/or +modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your +option) any later version. +</para> +<para> +For more details, on Debian systems, see the file +/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL for the full license. +</para> +</legalnotice> + +</bookinfo> + +<chapter id="ch1"><title>Introduction</title> + +<section id="s1.1"><title>General</title> +<para> +The APT method interface allows APT to acquire archive files (.deb), index +files (Packages, Release, Mirrors) and source files (.tar.gz, .diff). It is a +general, extensible system designed to satisfy all of these requirements: +</para> +<orderedlist numeration="arabic"> +<listitem> +<para> +Remote methods that download files from a distant site +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Resume of aborted downloads +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Progress reporting +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +If-Modified-Since (IMS) checking for index files +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +In-Line MD5 generation +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +No-copy in-filesystem methods +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Multi-media methods (like CD's) +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Dynamic source selection for failure recovery +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +User interaction for user/password requests and media swaps +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +Global configuration +</para> +</listitem> +</orderedlist> +<para> +Initial releases of APT (0.1.x) used a completely different method interface +that only supported the first 6 items. This new interface deals with the +remainder. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s1.2"><title>Terms</title> +<para> +Several terms are used through out the document, they have specific meanings +which may not be immediately evident. To clarify they are summarized here. +</para> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry> +<term>source</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Refers to an item in source list. More specifically it is the broken down +item, that is each source maps to exactly one index file. Archive sources map +to Package files and Source Code sources map to Source files. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>archive file</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Refers to a binary package archive (.deb, .rpm, etc). +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>source file</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Refers to one of the files making up the source code of a package. In debian +it is one of .diff.gz, .dsc. or .tar.gz. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>URI</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Universal Resource Identifier (URI) is a super-set of the familiar URL +syntax used by web browsers. It consists of an access specification +followed by a specific location in that access space. The form is +<access>:<location>. Network addresses are given with the form +<access>://[<user>[:<pas>]@]hostname[:port]/<location>. +Some examples: +</para> +<screen> +file:/var/mirrors/debian/ +ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian +ftp://jgg:MooCow@localhost:21/debian +nfs://bigred/var/mirrors/debian +rsync://debian.midco.net/debian +cdrom:Debian 2.0r1 Disk 1/ +</screen> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>method</term> +<listitem> +<para> +There is a one to one mapping of URI access specifiers to methods. A method is +a program that knows how to handle a URI access type and operates according to +the specifications in this file. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>method instance</term> +<listitem> +<para> +A specific running method. There can be more than one instance of each method +as APT is capable of concurrent method handling. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>message</term> +<listitem> +<para> +A series of lines terminated by a blank line sent down one of the communication +lines. The first line should have the form xxx TAG where xxx are digits +forming the status code and TAG is an informational string +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>acquire</term> +<listitem> +<para> +The act of bring a URI into the local pathname space. This may simply be +verifying the existence of the URI or actually downloading it from a remote +site. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +</section> + +</chapter> + +<chapter id="ch2"><title>Specification</title> + +<section id="s2.1"><title>Overview</title> +<para> +All methods operate as a sub process of a main controlling parent. 3 FD's are +opened for use by the method allowing two way communication and emergency error +reporting. The FD's correspond to the well known unix FD's, stdin, stdout and +stderr. +</para> +<para> +Through operation of the method communication is done via http style plain +text. Specifically RFC-822 (like the Package file) fields are used to describe +items and a numeric-like header is used to indicate what is happening. Each of +these distinct communication messages should be sent quickly and without pause. +</para> +<para> +In some instances APT may pre-invoke a method to allow things like file URI's +to determine how many files are available locally. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s2.2"><title>Message Overview</title> +<para> +The first line of each message is called the message header. The first 3 +digits (called the Status Code) have the usual meaning found in the http +protocol. 1xx is informational, 2xx is successful and 4xx is failure. The 6xx +series is used to specify things sent to the method. After the status code is +an informational string provided for visual debugging. +</para> +<itemizedlist> +<listitem> +<para> +100 Capabilities - Method capabilities +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +101 Log - General Logging +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +102 Status - Inter-URI status reporting (login progress) +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +200 URI Start - URI is starting acquire +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +201 URI Done - URI is finished acquire +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +400 URI Failure - URI has failed to acquire +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +401 General Failure - Method did not like something sent to it +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +402 Authorization Required - Method requires authorization to access the URI. +Authorization is User/Pass +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +403 Media Failure - Method requires a media change +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +600 URI Acquire - Request a URI be acquired +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +601 Configuration - Sends the configuration space +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +602 Authorization Credentials - Response to the 402 message +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +603 Media Changed - Response to the 403 message +</para> +</listitem> +</itemizedlist> +<para> +Only the 6xx series of status codes is sent TO the method. Furthermore the +method may not emit status codes in the 6xx range. The Codes 402 and 403 +require that the method continue reading all other 6xx codes until the proper +602/603 code is received. This means the method must be capable of handling an +unlimited number of 600 messages. +</para> +<para> +The flow of messages starts with the method sending out a <emphasis>100 +Capabilities</emphasis> and APT sending out a <emphasis>601 +Configuration</emphasis>. After that APT begins sending <emphasis>600 URI +Acquire</emphasis> and the method sends out <emphasis>200 URI Start</emphasis>, +<emphasis>201 URI Done</emphasis> or <emphasis>400 URI Failure</emphasis>. No +synchronization is performed, it is expected that APT will send <emphasis>600 +URI Acquire</emphasis> messages at -any- time and that the method should queue +the messages. This allows methods like http to pipeline requests to the remote +server. It should be noted however that APT will buffer messages so it is not +necessary for the method to be constantly ready to receive them. +</para> +</section> + +<section id="s2.3"><title>Header Fields</title> +<para> +The following is a short index of the header fields that are supported +</para> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry> +<term>URI</term> +<listitem> +<para> +URI being described by the message +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Filename</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Location in the filesystem +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Last-Modified</term> +<listitem> +<para> +A time stamp in RFC1123 notation for use by IMS checks +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>IMS-Hit</term> +<listitem> +<para> +The already existing item is valid +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Size</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Size of the file in bytes +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Resume-Point</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Location that transfer was started +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>MD5-Hash</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Computed MD5 hash for the file +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Message</term> +<listitem> +<para> +String indicating some displayable message +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Media</term> +<listitem> +<para> +String indicating the media name required +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Site</term> +<listitem> +<para> +String indicating the site authorization is required for +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>User</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Username for authorization +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Password</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Password for authorization +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Fail</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Operation failed +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Drive</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Drive the media should be placed in +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Config-Item</term> +<listitem> +<para> +A string of the form +<replaceable>item</replaceable>=<replaceable>value</replaceable> derived from +the APT configuration space. These may include method specific values and +general values not related to the method. It is up to the method to filter out +the ones it wants. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Single-Instance</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Requires that only one instance of the method be run This is a yes/no value. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Pipeline</term> +<listitem> +<para> +The method is capable of pipelining. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Local</term> +<listitem> +<para> +The method only returns Filename: fields. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Send-Config</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Send configuration to the method. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Needs-Cleanup</term> +<listitem> +<para> +The process is kept around while the files it returned are being used. This is +primarily intended for CD-ROM and File URIs that need to unmount filesystems. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>Version</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Version string for the method +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +<para> +This is a list of which headers each status code can use +</para> +<variablelist> +<varlistentry> +<term>100 Capabilities</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Displays the capabilities of the method. Methods should set the pipeline bit +if their underlying protocol supports pipelining. The only known method that +does support pipelining is http. Fields: Version, Single-Instance, Pre-Scan, +Pipeline, Send-Config, Needs-Cleanup +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>101 Log</term> +<listitem> +<para> +A log message may be printed to the screen if debugging is enabled. This is +only for debugging the method. Fields: Message +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>102 Status</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Message gives a progress indication for the method. It can be used to show +pre-transfer status for Internet type methods. Fields: Message +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>200 URI Start</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Indicates the URI is starting to be transferred. The URI is specified along +with stats about the file itself. Fields: URI, Size, Last-Modified, +Resume-Point +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>201 URI Done</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Indicates that a URI has completed being transferred. It is possible to +specify a <emphasis>201 URI Done</emphasis> without a <emphasis>URI +Start</emphasis> which would mean no data was transferred but the file is now +available. A Filename field is specified when the URI is directly available in +the local pathname space. APT will either directly use that file or copy it +into another location. It is possible to return Alt-* fields to indicate that +another possibility for the URI has been found in the local pathname space. +This is done if a decompressed version of a .gz file is found. Fields: URI, +Size, Last-Modified, Filename, MD5-Hash +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>400 URI Failure</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Indicates a fatal URI failure. The URI is not retrievable from this source. As +with <emphasis>201 URI Done</emphasis> <emphasis>200 URI Start</emphasis> is +not required to precede this message Fields: URI, Message +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>401 General Failure</term> +<listitem> +<para> +Indicates that some unspecific failure has occurred and the method is unable +to continue. The method should terminate after sending this message. It +is intended to check for invalid configuration options or other severe +conditions. Fields: Message +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>402 Authorization Required</term> +<listitem> +<para> +The method requires a Username and Password pair to continue. After sending +this message the method will expect APT to send a <emphasis>602 Authorization +Credentials</emphasis> message with the required information. It is possible +for a method to send this multiple times. Fields: Site +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>403 Media Failure</term> +<listitem> +<para> +A method that deals with multiple media requires that a new media be +inserted. The Media field contains the name of the media to be +inserted. Fields: Media, Drive +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>600 URI Acquire</term> +<listitem> +<para> +APT is requesting that a new URI be added to the acquire list. Last-Modified +has the time stamp of the currently cache file if applicable. Filename is the +name of the file that the acquired URI should be written to. Fields: URI, +Filename Last-Modified +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>601 Configuration</term> +<listitem> +<para> +APT is sending the configuration space to the method. A series of Config-Item +fields will be part of this message, each containing an entry from the +configuration space. Fields: Config-Item. +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>602 Authorization Credentials</term> +<listitem> +<para> +This is sent in response to a <emphasis>402 Authorization Required</emphasis> +message. It contains the entered username and password. Fields: Site, User, +Password +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +<varlistentry> +<term>603 Media Changed</term> +<listitem> +<para> +This is sent in response to a <emphasis>403 Media Failure</emphasis> +message. It indicates that the user has changed media and it is safe +to proceed. Fields: Media, Fail +</para> +</listitem> +</varlistentry> +</variablelist> +</section> + +<section id="s2.4"><title>Notes</title> +<para> +The methods supplied by the stock apt are: +</para> +<orderedlist numeration="arabic"> +<listitem> +<para> +cdrom - For Multi-Disc CD-ROMs +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +copy - (internal) For copying files around the filesystem +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +file - For local files +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +gzip - (internal) For decompression +</para> +</listitem> +<listitem> +<para> +http - For HTTP servers +</para> +</listitem> +</orderedlist> +<para> +The two internal methods, copy and gzip, are used by the acquire code to +parallize and simplify the automatic decompression of package files as well as +copying package files around the file system. Both methods can be seen to act +the same except that one decompresses on the fly. APT uses them by generating +a copy URI that is formed identically to a file URI. The destination file is +send as normal. The method then takes the file specified by the URI and writes +it to the destination file. A typical set of operations may be: +</para> +<screen> +http://foo.com/Packages.gz -> /bar/Packages.gz +gzip:/bar/Packages.gz -> /bar/Packages.decomp +rename Packages.decomp to /final/Packages +</screen> +<para> +The http method implements a fully featured HTTP/1.1 client that supports +deep pipelining and reget. It works best when coupled with an apache 1.3 +server. The file method simply generates failures or success responses +with the filename field set to the proper location. The cdrom method acts +the same except that it checks that the mount point has a valid cdrom in +it. It does this by (effectively) computing a md5 hash of 'ls -l' on the +mountpoint. +</para> +</section> + +</chapter> + +</book> diff --git a/doc/method.sgml b/doc/method.sgml deleted file mode 100644 index 5aa7b52e8..000000000 --- a/doc/method.sgml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,354 +0,0 @@ -<!-- -*- mode: sgml; mode: fold -*- --> -<!doctype debiandoc PUBLIC "-//DebianDoc//DTD DebianDoc//EN"> -<book> -<title>APT Method Interface </title> - -<author>Jason Gunthorpe <email>jgg@debian.org</email></author> -<version>$Id: method.sgml,v 1.10 2003/02/12 15:05:46 doogie Exp $</version> - -<abstract> -This document describes the interface that APT uses to the archive -access methods. -</abstract> - -<copyright> -Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998. -<p> -"APT" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/or -modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published -by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your -option) any later version. - -<p> -For more details, on Debian systems, see the file -/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL for the full license. -</copyright> - -<toc sect> - -<chapt>Introduction -<!-- General {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>General - -<p> -The APT method interface allows APT to acquire archive files (.deb), index -files (Packages, Release, Mirrors) and source files (.tar.gz, .diff). It -is a general, extensible system designed to satisfy all of these -requirements: - -<enumlist> -<item>Remote methods that download files from a distant site -<item>Resume of aborted downloads -<item>Progress reporting -<item>If-Modified-Since (IMS) checking for index files -<item>In-Line MD5 generation -<item>No-copy in-filesystem methods -<item>Multi-media methods (like CD's) -<item>Dynamic source selection for failure recovery -<item>User interaction for user/password requests and media swaps -<item>Global configuration -</enumlist> - -Initial releases of APT (0.1.x) used a completely different method -interface that only supported the first 6 items. This new interface -deals with the remainder. -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- Terms {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Terms - -<p> -Several terms are used through out the document, they have specific -meanings which may not be immediately evident. To clarify they are summarized -here. - -<taglist> -<tag>source<item> -Refers to an item in source list. More specifically it is the broken down -item, that is each source maps to exactly one index file. Archive sources -map to Package files and Source Code sources map to Source files. - -<tag>archive file<item> -Refers to a binary package archive (.deb, .rpm, etc). - -<tag>source file<item> -Refers to one of the files making up the source code of a package. In -debian it is one of .diff.gz, .dsc. or .tar.gz. - -<tag>URI<item> -Universal Resource Identifier (URI) is a super-set of the familiar URL -syntax used by web browsers. It consists of an access specification -followed by a specific location in that access space. The form is -<access>:<location>. Network addresses are given with the form -<access>://[<user>[:<pas>]@]hostname[:port]/<location>. -Some examples: -<example> -file:/var/mirrors/debian/ -ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian -ftp://jgg:MooCow@localhost:21/debian -nfs://bigred/var/mirrors/debian -rsync://debian.midco.net/debian -cdrom:Debian 2.0r1 Disk 1/ -</example> - -<tag>method<item> -There is a one to one mapping of URI access specifiers to methods. A method -is a program that knows how to handle a URI access type and operates according -to the specifications in this file. - -<tag>method instance<item> -A specific running method. There can be more than one instance of each method -as APT is capable of concurrent method handling. - -<tag>message<item> -A series of lines terminated by a blank line sent down one of the -communication lines. The first line should have the form xxx TAG -where xxx are digits forming the status code and TAG is an informational -string - -<tag>acquire<item> -The act of bring a URI into the local pathname space. This may simply -be verifying the existence of the URI or actually downloading it from -a remote site. - -</taglist> - -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<chapt>Specification -<!-- Overview {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Overview - -<p> -All methods operate as a sub process of a main controlling parent. 3 FD's -are opened for use by the method allowing two way communication and -emergency error reporting. The FD's correspond to the well known unix FD's, -stdin, stdout and stderr. - -<p> -Through operation of the method communication is done via http -style plain text. Specifically RFC-822 (like the Package file) fields -are used to describe items and a numeric-like header is used to indicate -what is happening. Each of these distinct communication messages should be -sent quickly and without pause. - -<p> -In some instances APT may pre-invoke a method to allow things like file -URI's to determine how many files are available locally. -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- Message Overview {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Message Overview - -<p> -The first line of each message is called the message header. The first -3 digits (called the Status Code) have the usual meaning found in the -http protocol. 1xx is informational, 2xx is successful and 4xx is failure. -The 6xx series is used to specify things sent to the method. After the -status code is an informational string provided for visual debugging. - -<list> -<item>100 Capabilities - Method capabilities -<item>101 Log - General Logging -<item>102 Status - Inter-URI status reporting (login progress) -<item>200 URI Start - URI is starting acquire -<item>201 URI Done - URI is finished acquire -<item>400 URI Failure - URI has failed to acquire -<item>401 General Failure - Method did not like something sent to it -<item>402 Authorization Required - Method requires authorization - to access the URI. Authorization is User/Pass -<item>403 Media Failure - Method requires a media change -<item>600 URI Acquire - Request a URI be acquired -<item>601 Configuration - Sends the configuration space -<item>602 Authorization Credentials - Response to the 402 message -<item>603 Media Changed - Response to the 403 message -</list> - -Only the 6xx series of status codes is sent TO the method. Furthermore -the method may not emit status codes in the 6xx range. The Codes 402 -and 403 require that the method continue reading all other 6xx codes -until the proper 602/603 code is received. This means the method must be -capable of handling an unlimited number of 600 messages. - -<p> -The flow of messages starts with the method sending out a -<em>100 Capabilities</> and APT sending out a <em>601 Configuration</>. -After that APT begins sending <em>600 URI Acquire</> and the method -sends out <em>200 URI Start</>, <em>201 URI Done</> or -<em>400 URI Failure</>. No synchronization is performed, it is expected -that APT will send <em>600 URI Acquire</> messages at -any- time and -that the method should queue the messages. This allows methods like http -to pipeline requests to the remote server. It should be noted however -that APT will buffer messages so it is not necessary for the method -to be constantly ready to receive them. -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- Header Fields {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Header Fields - -<p> -The following is a short index of the header fields that are supported - -<taglist> -<tag>URI<item>URI being described by the message -<tag>Filename<item>Location in the filesystem -<tag>Last-Modified<item>A time stamp in RFC1123 notation for use by IMS checks -<tag>IMS-Hit<item>The already existing item is valid -<tag>Size<item>Size of the file in bytes -<tag>Resume-Point<item>Location that transfer was started -<tag>MD5-Hash<item>Computed MD5 hash for the file -<tag>Message<item>String indicating some displayable message -<tag>Media<item>String indicating the media name required -<tag>Site<item>String indicating the site authorization is required for -<tag>User<item>Username for authorization -<tag>Password<item>Password for authorization -<tag>Fail<item>Operation failed -<tag>Drive<item>Drive the media should be placed in -<tag>Config-Item<item> -A string of the form <var>item</>=<var>value</> derived from the APT -configuration space. These may include method specific values and general -values not related to the method. It is up to the method to filter out -the ones it wants. -<tag>Single-Instance<item>Requires that only one instance of the method be run - This is a yes/no value. -<tag>Pipeline<item>The method is capable of pipelining. -<tag>Local<item>The method only returns Filename: fields. -<tag>Send-Config<item>Send configuration to the method. -<tag>Needs-Cleanup<item>The process is kept around while the files it returned -are being used. This is primarily intended for CD-ROM and File URIs that need -to unmount filesystems. -<tag>Version<item>Version string for the method -</taglist> - -This is a list of which headers each status code can use - -<taglist> -<tag>100 Capabilities<item> -Displays the capabilities of the method. Methods should set the -pipeline bit if their underlying protocol supports pipelining. The -only known method that does support pipelining is http. -Fields: Version, Single-Instance, Pre-Scan, Pipeline, Send-Config, -Needs-Cleanup - -<tag>101 Log<item> -A log message may be printed to the screen if debugging is enabled. This -is only for debugging the method. -Fields: Message - -<tag>102 Status<item> -Message gives a progress indication for the method. It can be used to show -pre-transfer status for Internet type methods. -Fields: Message - -<tag>200 URI Start<item> -Indicates the URI is starting to be transferred. The URI is specified -along with stats about the file itself. -Fields: URI, Size, Last-Modified, Resume-Point - -<tag>201 URI Done<item> -Indicates that a URI has completed being transferred. It is possible -to specify a <em>201 URI Done</> without a <em>URI Start</> which would -mean no data was transferred but the file is now available. A Filename -field is specified when the URI is directly available in the local -pathname space. APT will either directly use that file or copy it into -another location. It is possible to return Alt-* fields to indicate that -another possibility for the URI has been found in the local pathname space. -This is done if a decompressed version of a .gz file is found. -Fields: URI, Size, Last-Modified, Filename, MD5-Hash - -<tag>400 URI Failure<item> -Indicates a fatal URI failure. The URI is not retrievable from this source. -As with <em>201 URI Done</> <em>200 URI Start</> is not required to precede -this message -Fields: URI, Message - -<tag>401 General Failure<item> -Indicates that some unspecific failure has occurred and the method is unable -to continue. The method should terminate after sending this message. It -is intended to check for invalid configuration options or other severe -conditions. -Fields: Message - -<tag>402 Authorization Required<item> -The method requires a Username and Password pair to continue. After sending -this message the method will expect APT to send a <em>602 Authorization -Credentials</> message with the required information. It is possible for -a method to send this multiple times. -Fields: Site - -<tag>403 Media Failure<item> -A method that deals with multiple media requires that a new media be inserted. -The Media field contains the name of the media to be inserted. -Fields: Media, Drive - -<tag>600 URI Acquire<item> -APT is requesting that a new URI be added to the acquire list. Last-Modified -has the time stamp of the currently cache file if applicable. Filename -is the name of the file that the acquired URI should be written to. -Fields: URI, Filename Last-Modified - -<tag>601 Configuration<item> -APT is sending the configuration space to the method. A series of -Config-Item fields will be part of this message, each containing an entry -from the configuration space. -Fields: Config-Item. - -<tag>602 Authorization Credentials<item> -This is sent in response to a <em>402 Authorization Required</> message. -It contains the entered username and password. -Fields: Site, User, Password - -<tag>603 Media Changed<item> -This is sent in response to a <em>403 Media Failure</> message. It -indicates that the user has changed media and it is safe to proceed. -Fields: Media, Fail -</taglist> - -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- Method Notes {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Notes - -<p> -The methods supplied by the stock apt are: -<enumlist> -<item>cdrom - For Multi-Disc CD-ROMs -<item>copy - (internal) For copying files around the filesystem -<item>file - For local files -<item>gzip - (internal) For decompression -<item>http - For HTTP servers -</enumlist> - -<p> -The two internal methods, copy and gzip, are used by the acquire code to -parallize and simplify the automatic decompression of package files as well -as copying package files around the file system. Both methods can be seen to -act the same except that one decompresses on the fly. APT uses them by -generating a copy URI that is formed identically to a file URI. The destination -file is send as normal. The method then takes the file specified by the -URI and writes it to the destination file. A typical set of operations may -be: -<example> -http://foo.com/Packages.gz -> /bar/Packages.gz -gzip:/bar/Packages.gz -> /bar/Packages.decomp -rename Packages.decomp to /final/Packages -</example> - -<p> -The http method implements a fully featured HTTP/1.1 client that supports -deep pipelining and reget. It works best when coupled with an apache 1.3 -server. The file method simply generates failures or success responses with -the filename field set to the proper location. The cdrom method acts the same -except that it checks that the mount point has a valid cdrom in it. It does -this by (effectively) computing a md5 hash of 'ls -l' on the mountpoint. - -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> - -</book> diff --git a/doc/offline.sgml b/doc/offline.dbk index 659ca3147..7163f8bd5 100644 --- a/doc/offline.sgml +++ b/doc/offline.dbk @@ -1,74 +1,89 @@ -<!-- -*- mode: sgml; mode: fold -*- --> -<!doctype debiandoc PUBLIC "-//DebianDoc//DTD DebianDoc//EN"> -<book> +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> +<!-- -*- DocBook -*- --> +<!DOCTYPE book PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN" + "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [ +<!ENTITY % aptverbatiment SYSTEM "apt-verbatim.ent"> %aptverbatiment; +]> + +<book lang="en"> + <title>Using APT Offline</title> -<author>Jason Gunthorpe <email>jgg@debian.org</email></author> -<version>$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $</version> +<bookinfo> + +<authorgroup> + <author> + <personname>Jason Gunthorpe</personname><email>jgg@debian.org</email> + </author> +</authorgroup> + +<releaseinfo>Version &apt-product-version;</releaseinfo> <abstract> -This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, +<para> +This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades. +</para> </abstract> -<copyright> -Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999. -<p> +<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright> + +<legalnotice> +<title>License Notice</title> +<para> "APT" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/or -modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published -by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your +modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by +the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. - -<p> +</para> +<para> For more details, on Debian systems, see the file /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL for the full license. -</copyright> +</para> +</legalnotice> -<toc sect> +</bookinfo> -<chapt>Introduction -<!-- Overview {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Overview +<chapter id="ch1"><title>Introduction</title> -<p> +<section id="s1.1"><title>Overview</title> +<para> Normally APT requires direct access to a Debian archive, either from a local media or through a network. Another common complaint is that a Debian machine -is on a slow link, such as a modem and another machine has a very fast +is on a slow link, such as a modem and another machine has a very fast connection but they are physically distant. - -<p> -The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a +</para> +<para> +The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a SuperDisk disc. These discs are not large enough to store the entire Debian -archive but can easily fit a subset large enough for most users. The idea -is to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch -them onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is -even possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely -different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <em>remote host</em> mean the -machine downloading the packages, and <em>target host</em> the one with bad or -no connection. - -<p> +archive but can easily fit a subset large enough for most users. The idea is +to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch them +onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is even +possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely +different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <emphasis>remote +host</emphasis> mean the machine downloading the packages, and <emphasis>target +host</emphasis> the one with bad or no connection. +</para> +<para> This is achieved by creatively manipulating the APT configuration file. The essential premise to tell APT to look on a disc for it's archive files. Note that the disc should be formated with a filesystem that can handle long file names such as ext2, fat32 or vfat. +</para> +</section> -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> +</chapter> -<chapt>Using APT on both machines -<!-- Overview {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Overview +<chapter id="ch2"><title>Using APT on both machines</title> -<p> -APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The -basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the -remote machine to fetch the latest package files and decide which packages to +<section id="s2.1"><title>Overview</title> +<para> +APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The +basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the remote +machine to fetch the latest package files and decide which packages to download. The disk directory structure should look like: - -<example> +</para> +<screen> /disc/ archives/ partial/ @@ -77,36 +92,32 @@ download. The disk directory structure should look like: status sources.list apt.conf -</example> - -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- The configuartion file {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>The configuration file - -<p> -The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and -to use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should -contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and -the status file should be a copy of <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> from the -<em>target host</em>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must use -copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs. - -<p> -<em>apt.conf</em> must contain the necessary information to make APT use the -disc: - -<example> +</screen> +</section> + +<section id="s2.2"><title>The configuration file</title> +<para> +The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and to +use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should +contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and the +status file should be a copy of <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> from +the <emphasis>target host</emphasis>. Please note, if you are using a local +archive you must use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs. +</para> +<para> +<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> must contain the necessary information to make +APT use the disc: +</para> +<screen> APT { /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it tells the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */ Architecture "i386"; - + Get::Download-Only "true"; }; - + Dir { /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from @@ -117,120 +128,120 @@ disc: // Binary caches will be stored locally Cache::archives "/disc/archives/"; Cache "/tmp/"; - + // Location of the source list. Etc "/disc/"; - }; -</example> - + }; +</screen> +<para> More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample -configuration file in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>. - -<p> -On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy -<em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> to it. You will also need to create the directories -outlined in the Overview, <em>archives/partial/</em> and <em>lists/partial/</em>. -Then take the disc to the remote machine and configure the sources.list. -On the remote machine execute the following: - -<example> +configuration file in +<emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</emphasis>. +</para> +<para> +On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy +<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> to it. You will also need +to create the directories outlined in the Overview, +<emphasis>archives/partial/</emphasis> and +<emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Then take the disc to the +remote machine and configure the sources.list. On the remote +machine execute the following: +</para> +<screen> # export APT_CONFIG="/disc/apt.conf" # apt-get update [ APT fetches the package files ] # apt-get dist-upgrade [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ] -</example> - +</screen> +<para> The dist-upgrade command can be replaced with any other standard APT commands, -particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end such as -<em>dselect</em>. However this presents a problem in communicating your -selections back to the local computer. - -<p> -Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade -the target machine. Take the disc back and run: - -<example> +particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end such as +<emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. However this presents a problem in communicating +your selections back to the local computer. +</para> +<para> +Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade the +target machine. Take the disc back and run: +</para> +<screen> # export APT_CONFIG="/disc/apt.conf" # apt-get check [ APT generates a local copy of the cache files ] # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade [ Or any other APT command ] -</example> - -<p> -It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the +</screen> +<para> +It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the local one. This is very important! - -<p> -If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying +</para> +<para> +If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying disc/status to /var/lib/dpkg/status so that any selections you made on the -remote machine are updated. I highly recommend that people only make selections -on the local machine - but this may not always be possible. DO NOT copy -the status file if dpkg or APT have been run in the mean time!! - -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> - -<chapt>Using APT and wget -<!-- Overview {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Overview - -<p> -<em>wget</em> is a popular and portable download tool that can run on nearly -any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian machine -already has a list of available packages. - -<p> +remote machine are updated. I highly recommend that people only make +selections on the local machine - but this may not always be possible. DO NOT +copy the status file if dpkg or APT have been run in the mean time!! +</para> +</section> + +</chapter> + +<chapter id="ch3"><title>Using APT and wget</title> + +<section id="s3.1"><title>Overview</title> +<para> +<emphasis>wget</emphasis> is a popular and portable download tool that can run +on nearly any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian +machine already has a list of available packages. +</para> +<para> The basic idea is to create a disc that has only the archive files downloaded from the remote site. This is done by using the --print-uris option to apt-get and then preparing a wget script to actually fetch the packages. +</para> +</section> -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> -<!-- Operation {{{ --> -<!-- ===================================================================== --> -<sect>Operation - -<p> +<section id="s3.2"><title>Operation</title> +<para> Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are required. We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list. - -<example> - # apt-get dist-upgrade +</para> +<screen> + # apt-get dist-upgrade [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ] - # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris - # awk '{print "wget -O " $2 " " $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script -</example> - -Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including + # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris + # awk '{print "wget -O " $2 " " $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script +</screen> +<para> +Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including dselect-upgrade. - -<p> -The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to execute +</para> +<para> +The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to execute in order to fetch the necessary archives. This script should be run with the -current directory as the disc's mount point so as to save the output on the +current directory as the disc's mount point so as to save the output on the disc. - -<p> +</para> +<para> The remote machine would do something like - -<example> +</para> +<screen> # cd /disc # sh -x ./wget-script [ wait.. ] -</example> - +</screen> +<para> Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine installation can proceed using, - -<example> +</para> +<screen> # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives="/disc/" dist-upgrade -</example> - +</screen> +<para> Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc. +</para> +</section> + +</chapter> -</sect> - <!-- }}} --> </book> diff --git a/doc/po/apt-doc.pot b/doc/po/apt-doc.pot index ebb2e92cf..70d64a8b5 100644 --- a/doc/po/apt-doc.pot +++ b/doc/po/apt-doc.pot @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: apt-doc 1.1~exp1\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team <deity@lists.debian.org>\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-06-19 12:24+0200\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-07-03 22:15+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n" @@ -6005,35 +6005,50 @@ msgid "" "100 on error." msgstr "" -#. type: <title></title> -#: guide.sgml:4 +#. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book> +#: guide.dbk:8 offline.dbk:8 +msgid "en" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: guide.dbk:10 msgid "APT User's Guide" msgstr "" -#. type: <author></author> -#: guide.sgml:6 offline.sgml:6 -msgid "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><personname> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "Jason Gunthorpe" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><email> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "jgg@debian.org" msgstr "" -#. type: <version></version> -#: guide.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><releaseinfo> +#: guide.dbk:20 offline.dbk:20 +msgid "Version &apt-product-version;" msgstr "" -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: guide.sgml:11 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: guide.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package " "manager." msgstr "" -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: guide.sgml:15 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: guide.dbk:28 +msgid "<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:21 offline.sgml:22 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><title> +#: guide.dbk:31 offline.dbk:32 +msgid "License Notice" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:33 offline.dbk:34 msgid "" "\"APT\" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them " "and/or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as " @@ -6041,42 +6056,42 @@ msgid "" "or (at your option) any later version." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:24 offline.sgml:25 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:42 offline.dbk:40 msgid "" "For more details, on Debian systems, see the file " "/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL for the full license." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:49 msgid "General" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:38 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:51 msgid "" "The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> method and the <prgn>apt-get</prgn> command line user " -"interface. Both provide a way to install and remove packages as well as " -"download new packages from the Internet." +"<command>dselect</command> method and the <command>apt-get</command> command " +"line user interface. Both provide a way to install and remove packages as " +"well as download new packages from the Internet." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:39 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:57 msgid "Anatomy of the Package System" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:44 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:59 msgid "" "The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated " "with each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into " "the system. The most prominent of its features is the dependency system." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:52 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:64 msgid "" "The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared " "elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently " @@ -6085,8 +6100,8 @@ msgid "" "in mail transport agents, X servers and so on." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:71 msgid "" "The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the " "concept of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a " @@ -6094,8 +6109,8 @@ msgid "" "properly." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:76 msgid "" "For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email " "with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a " @@ -6103,8 +6118,8 @@ msgid "" "simple dependency on emacs, without emacs it is completely useless." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:73 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:82 msgid "" "The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It " "means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and " @@ -6116,8 +6131,8 @@ msgid "" "other mail transport agents." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:83 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:92 msgid "" "As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend " "to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are " @@ -6129,8 +6144,8 @@ msgid "" "trying to manually fix packages." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:102 msgid "" "At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are " "already installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency " @@ -6138,71 +6153,78 @@ msgid "" "packages for installation." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:111 msgid "apt-get" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:102 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:113 msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> provides a simple way to install packages from the " -"command line. Unlike <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> does not " -"understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and can only " -"install .deb archives from a <em>Source</em>." +"<command>apt-get</command> provides a simple way to install packages from " +"the command line. Unlike <command>dpkg</command>, <command>apt-get</command> " +"does not understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and " +"can only install .deb archives from a <emphasis>Source</emphasis>." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:109 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 msgid "" -"The first <footnote><p>If you are using an http proxy server you must set " -"the http_proxy environment variable first, see " -"sources.list(5)</p></footnote> thing that should be done before using " -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> is to fetch the package lists from the <em>Sources</em> " -"so that it knows what packages are available. This is done with <tt>apt-get " -"update</tt>. For instance," +"If you are using an http proxy server you must set the http_proxy " +"environment variable first, see sources.list(5)" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:116 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"The first <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> thing that should be " +"done before using <command>apt-get</command> is to fetch the package lists " +"from the <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> so that it knows what packages are " +"available. This is done with <literal>apt-get update</literal>. For " +"instance," +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p><taglist> -#: guide.sgml:120 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:134 msgid "Once updated there are several commands that can be used:" msgstr "" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:121 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:138 msgid "upgrade" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:141 msgid "" "Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never " "install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever " "upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break. This can be " "used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade will list all of " "the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually means that they depend " -"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <prgn>dselect</prgn> or " -"<tt>apt-get install</tt> can be used to force these packages to install." +"on new packages or conflict with some other " +"package. <command>dselect</command> or <literal>apt-get install</literal> " +"can be used to force these packages to install." msgstr "" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:153 msgid "install" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:156 msgid "" "Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically " "fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of " @@ -6213,131 +6235,135 @@ msgid "" "anything other than its arguments are changed." msgstr "" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:167 msgid "dist-upgrade" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:170 msgid "" "Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between " "releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best " "set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system " "to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use " "dist-upgrade rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> can be used to install any packages that may have been " -"left out." +"<command>dselect</command>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then " +"<command>dselect</command> can be used to install any packages that may have " +"been left out." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:152 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:180 msgid "" "It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its " "decisions may sometimes be quite surprising." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:163 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:187 msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed in " -"its man page, <manref name=\"apt-get\" section=\"8\">. The most useful " -"option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -"system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -"start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is used " -"the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the command that " -"caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." +"<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are " +"detailed in its man page, " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. " +"The most useful option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the " +"fetched files. If the system has to download a large number of package it " +"would be undesired to start installing them in case something goes " +"wrong. When <literal>-d</literal> is used the downloaded archives can be " +"installed by simply running the command that caused them to be downloaded " +"again without <literal>-d</literal>." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:168 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:199 msgid "DSelect" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:173 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:201 msgid "" -"The APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method provides the complete APT system with " -"the <prgn>dselect</prgn> package selection GUI. <prgn>dselect</prgn> is used " -"to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT actually installs " -"them." +"The APT <command>dselect</command> method provides the complete APT system " +"with the <command>dselect</command> package selection " +"GUI. <command>dselect</command> is used to select the packages to be " +"installed or removed and APT actually installs them." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:184 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:207 msgid "" -"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " -"<em>Sources</em> which are places to fetch archives from. These can be " -"remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source can " -"provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " -"combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CD-ROM then " -"it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you " -"have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use packages on " -"your CD-ROM before downloading from the Internet." +"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in " +"<command>dselect</command> and then choose the APT method. You will be " +"prompted for a set of <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> which are places to fetch " +"archives from. These can be remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or " +"CD-ROMs. Each source can provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT " +"will automatically combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you " +"have a CD-ROM then it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a " +"mirror so that you have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will " +"automatically use packages on your CD-ROM before downloading from the " +"Internet." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:198 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:218 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:232 msgid "" -"The <em>Sources</em> setup starts by asking for the base of the Debian " -"archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution to " -"get." +"The <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> setup starts by asking for the base of the " +"Debian archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the " +"distribution to get." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:212 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:237 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:222 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:244 msgid "" "The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, " -"<em>stable</em> refers to the latest released version and <em>unstable</em> " -"refers to the developmental version. <em>non-US</em> is only available on " -"some mirrors and refers to packages that contain encryption technology or " -"other things that cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these " -"packages into the US is legal however." +"<emphasis>stable</emphasis> refers to the latest released version and " +"<emphasis>unstable</emphasis> refers to the developmental " +"version. <emphasis>non-US</emphasis> is only available on some mirrors and " +"refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things that " +"cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages into the " +"US is legal however." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:253 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Components [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Components [main contrib non-free]:\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:236 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:259 msgid "" "The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The " "distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free " @@ -6345,25 +6371,25 @@ msgid "" "restrictions placed on their use and distribution." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:240 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:265 msgid "" "Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt " "until you have specified all that you want." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:247 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:269 msgid "" -"Before starting to use <prgn>dselect</prgn> it is necessary to update the " -"available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> that makes the fetched information available to " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. [U]pdate must be performed even if <tt>apt-get " -"update</tt> has been run before." +"Before starting to use <command>dselect</command> it is necessary to update " +"the available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset " +"of <literal>apt-get update</literal> that makes the fetched information " +"available to <command>dselect</command>. [U]pdate must be performed even if " +"<literal>apt-get update</literal> has been run before." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:253 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:276 msgid "" "You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform " "the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and " @@ -6371,57 +6397,63 @@ msgid "" "them together." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:258 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:282 msgid "" "By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they " "have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place " -"<tt>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"<literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:264 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:288 msgid "The Interface" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:278 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:292 +msgid "" +"The <command>dselect</command> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts " +"to <command>apt-get</command>. The method actually provides more " +"functionality than is present in <command>apt-get</command> alone." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:290 msgid "" -"Both that APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> share the " -"same interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what it will " -"do and then goes and does it. <footnote><p>The <prgn>dselect</prgn> method " -"actually is a set of wrapper scripts to <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. The method " -"actually provides more functionality than is present in <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"alone.</p></footnote> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " -"then will print out some informative status messages so that you can " -"estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." +"Both that APT <command>dselect</command> method and " +"<command>apt-get</command> share the same interface. It is a simple system " +"that generally tells you what it will do and then goes and does " +"it. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> After printing out a summary " +"of what will happen APT then will print out some informative status messages " +"so that you can estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:280 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:301 msgid "Startup" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:284 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:303 msgid "" "Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to " "prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's " -"state. At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get " -"check</tt>." +"state. At any time these operations can be performed by running " +"<literal>apt-get check</literal>." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:289 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:309 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:297 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:314 msgid "" "The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses " "a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is " @@ -6429,17 +6461,17 @@ msgid "" "and a warning will be printed when apt-get exits." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:303 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:320 msgid "" "The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's " "dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked " "package and considers if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report " -"will be printed out and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will refuse to run." +"will be printed out and <command>apt-get</command> will refuse to run." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:320 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:326 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" @@ -6449,18 +6481,18 @@ msgid "" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:329 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:343 msgid "" "In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem " "with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is " @@ -6469,61 +6501,69 @@ msgid "" "problem is also included." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:337 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:352 +msgid "" +"APT however considers all known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken " +"packages" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:350 msgid "" "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The first " -"is caused by <prgn>dpkg</prgn> missing some subtle relationships between " -"packages when performing upgrades. <footnote><p>APT however considers all " -"known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken " -"packages</p></footnote>. The second is if a package installation fails " -"during an operation. In this situation a package may have been unpacked " -"without its dependents being installed." +"is caused by <command>dpkg</command> missing some subtle relationships " +"between packages when performing upgrades. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/>. The second is if a package installation fails during an " +"operation. In this situation a package may have been unpacked without its " +"dependents being installed." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:345 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:359 msgid "" "The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places " "certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases " -"supplying the <tt>-f</tt> option to <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will cause APT to " -"deduce a possible solution to the problem and then continue on. The APT " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> method always supplies the <tt>-f</tt> option to allow " -"for easy continuation of failed maintainer scripts." +"supplying the <literal>-f</literal> option to <command>apt-get</command> " +"will cause APT to deduce a possible solution to the problem and then " +"continue on. The APT <command>dselect</command> method always supplies the " +"<literal>-f</literal> option to allow for easy continuation of failed " +"maintainer scripts." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:351 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:368 msgid "" -"However, if the <tt>-f</tt> option is used to correct a seriously broken " -"system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either fail " -"immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either case it is " -"necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct " -"the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." +"However, if the <literal>-f</literal> option is used to correct a seriously " +"broken system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will " +"either fail immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either " +"case it is necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to " +"correct the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:356 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:376 msgid "The Status Report" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:363 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:378 msgid "" -"Before proceeding <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will present a report on what will " -"happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed " -"but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists reflect the " -"final state of things, taking into account the <tt>-f</tt> option and any " -"other relevant activities to the command being executed." +"Before proceeding <command>apt-get</command> will present a report on what " +"will happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being " +"performed but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists " +"reflect the final state of things, taking into account the " +"<literal>-f</literal> option and any other relevant activities to the " +"command being executed." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:364 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:385 msgid "The Extra Package list" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:372 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:387 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" @@ -6531,135 +6571,135 @@ msgid "" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:379 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:395 msgid "" "The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or " "upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only " -"generated for an <tt>install</tt> command. The listed packages are often the " -"result of an Auto Install." +"generated for an <literal>install</literal> command. The listed packages are " +"often the result of an Auto Install." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:382 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:402 msgid "The Packages to Remove" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:389 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:404 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:399 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:411 msgid "" "The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed " "from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be " "given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to be taken " -"off. The <tt>-f</tt> option is especially good at generating packages to " -"remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain " -"packages that are going to be removed because they are only partially " -"installed, possibly due to an aborted installation." +"off. The <literal>-f</literal> option is especially good at generating " +"packages to remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may " +"contain packages that are going to be removed because they are only " +"partially installed, possibly due to an aborted installation." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:402 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:421 msgid "The New Packages list" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:406 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:423 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:411 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:427 msgid "" "The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages " "listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is " "done." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:414 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:432 msgid "The Kept Back list" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:419 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:434 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:428 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:439 msgid "" "Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that " "new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things " "or conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will " "appear in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed there " -"to install is with <tt>apt-get install</tt> or by using <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"to resolve their problems." +"to install is with <literal>apt-get install</literal> or by using " +"<command>dselect</command> to resolve their problems." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:431 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:448 msgid "Held Packages warning" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:435 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:450 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:441 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:454 msgid "" "Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a " "case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be " "changed. This should only happen during dist-upgrade or install." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:444 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:460 msgid "Final summary" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:447 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:462 msgid "Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:452 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:465 #, no-wrap msgid "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not " "upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" -"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." +"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used.\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:470 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:470 msgid "" "The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the " "lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already " @@ -6676,27 +6716,27 @@ msgid "" "indicate the amount of space that will be freed." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:473 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:484 msgid "" "Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages " "to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:477 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:491 msgid "The Status Display" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:481 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:493 msgid "" "During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of " "status messages." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:490 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:497 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" @@ -6706,111 +6746,107 @@ msgid "" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ " "Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:500 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:506 msgid "" -"The lines starting with <em>Get</em> are printed out when APT begins to " -"fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the download. The " -"first percent value on the progress line indicates the total percent done of " -"all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files is unknown " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> estimates the percent done which causes some " -"inaccuracies." +"The lines starting with <emphasis>Get</emphasis> are printed out when APT " +"begins to fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the " +"download. The first percent value on the progress line indicates the total " +"percent done of all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files " +"is unknown <literal>apt-get update</literal> estimates the percent done " +"which causes some inaccuracies." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:509 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:514 msgid "" "The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download " "thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful " "information about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read " -"<em>Forking</em> which means the OS is loading the download module. The " -"first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the history " -"lines. The next word is the short form name of the object being " +"<emphasis>Forking</emphasis> which means the OS is loading the download " +"module. The first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the " +"history lines. The next word is the short form name of the object being " "downloaded. For archives it will contain the name of the package that is " "being fetched." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:524 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:524 msgid "" "Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress " "of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from " -"<em>Connecting</em> to <em>Waiting for file</em> to <em>Downloading</em> or " -"<em>Resuming</em>. The final value is the number of bytes downloaded from " -"the remote site. Once the download begins this is represented as " -"<tt>102/10.2k</tt> indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 " -"kilobytes is expected. The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation " -"to preserve space. After the size display is a percent meter for the file " -"itself. The second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This " -"values is updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for " -"that period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated " +"<emphasis>Connecting</emphasis> to <emphasis>Waiting for file</emphasis> to " +"<emphasis>Downloading</emphasis> or <emphasis>Resuming</emphasis>. The final " +"value is the number of bytes downloaded from the remote site. Once the " +"download begins this is represented as <literal>102/10.2k</literal> " +"indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is " +"expected. The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve " +"space. After the size display is a percent meter for the file itself. The " +"second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This values is " +"updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for that " +"period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated " "regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown transfer " "rate." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:530 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:539 msgid "" "The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback " "on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file " "is started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is unsuitable " -"for logging to a file, use the <tt>-q</tt> option to remove the status " -"display." +"for logging to a file, use the <literal>-q</literal> option to remove the " +"status display." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:535 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:547 msgid "Dpkg" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:542 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:549 msgid "" -"APT uses <prgn>dpkg</prgn> for installing the archives and will switch over " -"to the <prgn>dpkg</prgn> interface once downloading is " -"completed. <prgn>dpkg</prgn> will also ask a number of questions as it " +"APT uses <command>dpkg</command> for installing the archives and will switch " +"over to the <command>dpkg</command> interface once downloading is " +"completed. <command>dpkg</command> will also ask a number of questions as it " "processes the packages and the packages themselves may also ask several " "questions. Before each question there is usually a description of what it is " "asking and the questions are too varied to discuss completely here." msgstr "" -#. type: <title></title> -#: offline.sgml:4 +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: offline.dbk:10 msgid "Using APT Offline" msgstr "" -#. type: <version></version> -#: offline.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "" - -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: offline.sgml:12 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: offline.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, " "specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades." msgstr "" -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: offline.sgml:16 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: offline.dbk:29 +msgid "<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:47 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:34 offline.sgml:65 offline.sgml:180 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:49 offline.dbk:79 offline.dbk:191 msgid "Overview" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:40 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:51 msgid "" "Normally APT requires direct access to a Debian archive, either from a local " "media or through a network. Another common complaint is that a Debian " @@ -6818,8 +6854,8 @@ msgid "" "fast connection but they are physically distant." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:51 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:57 msgid "" "The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a " "SuperDisk disc. These discs are not large enough to store the entire Debian " @@ -6827,13 +6863,13 @@ msgid "" "to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch " "them onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is even " "possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely " -"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <em>remote host</em> mean " -"the machine downloading the packages, and <em>target host</em> the one with " -"bad or no connection." +"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <emphasis>remote " +"host</emphasis> mean the machine downloading the packages, and " +"<emphasis>target host</emphasis> the one with bad or no connection." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:68 msgid "" "This is achieved by creatively manipulating the APT configuration file. The " "essential premise to tell APT to look on a disc for it's archive files. Note " @@ -6841,13 +6877,13 @@ msgid "" "names such as ext2, fat32 or vfat." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:77 msgid "Using APT on both machines" msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:71 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:81 msgid "" "APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The " "basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the " @@ -6855,8 +6891,8 @@ msgid "" "to download. The disk directory structure should look like:" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:80 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:87 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /disc/\n" @@ -6866,34 +6902,35 @@ msgid "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:98 msgid "The configuration file" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:100 msgid "" "The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and to " "use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should " "contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and " -"the status file should be a copy of <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> from the " -"<em>target host</em>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must " -"use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." +"the status file should be a copy of " +"<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> from the <emphasis>target " +"host</emphasis>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must use " +"copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:100 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:108 msgid "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> must contain the necessary information to make APT use the " -"disc:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> must contain the necessary information to make " +"APT use the disc:" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:124 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:112 #, no-wrap msgid "" " APT\n" @@ -6902,10 +6939,10 @@ msgid "" "tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" @@ -6916,76 +6953,79 @@ msgid "" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" msgstr "" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:129 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:137 msgid "" "More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample " -"configuration file in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"configuration file in " +"<emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</emphasis>." msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:136 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:142 msgid "" "On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy " -"<em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> to it. You will also need to create the " -"directories outlined in the Overview, <em>archives/partial/</em> and " -"<em>lists/partial/</em>. Then take the disc to the remote machine and " -"configure the sources.list. On the remote machine execute the following:" +"<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> to it. You will also need to " +"create the directories outlined in the Overview, " +"<emphasis>archives/partial/</emphasis> and " +"<emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Then take the disc to the remote " +"machine and configure the sources.list. On the remote machine execute the " +"following:" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:142 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:151 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT fetches the package files ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]" +" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]\n" msgstr "" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:158 msgid "" "The dist-upgrade command can be replaced with any other standard APT " "commands, particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end " -"such as <em>dselect</em>. However this presents a problem in communicating " -"your selections back to the local computer." +"such as <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. However this presents a problem in " +"communicating your selections back to the local computer." msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:153 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:164 msgid "" "Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade " "the target machine. Take the disc back and run:" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:159 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:168 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT generates a local copy of the cache files ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Or any other APT command ]" +" [ Or any other APT command ]\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:165 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:175 msgid "" "It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the " "local one. This is very important!" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:172 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:179 msgid "" "If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying " "disc/status to /var/lib/dpkg/status so that any selections you made on the " @@ -6994,21 +7034,21 @@ msgid "" "NOT copy the status file if dpkg or APT have been run in the mean time!!" msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:178 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:189 msgid "Using APT and wget" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:185 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:193 msgid "" -"<em>wget</em> is a popular and portable download tool that can run on nearly " -"any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian machine " -"already has a list of available packages." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> is a popular and portable download tool that can " +"run on nearly any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the " +"Debian machine already has a list of available packages." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:190 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:198 msgid "" "The basic idea is to create a disc that has only the archive files " "downloaded from the remote site. This is done by using the --print-uris " @@ -7016,37 +7056,37 @@ msgid "" "packages." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:196 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:204 msgid "Operation" msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:200 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:206 msgid "" "Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are " "required. We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:210 #, no-wrap msgid "" -" # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" +" # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" msgstr "" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:210 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:216 msgid "" "Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including " "dselect-upgrade." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:216 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:220 msgid "" "The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to " "execute in order to fetch the necessary archives. This script should be run " @@ -7054,34 +7094,34 @@ msgid "" "output on the disc." msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:219 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:226 msgid "The remote machine would do something like" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:223 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:229 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ wait.. ]" +" [ wait.. ]\n" msgstr "" -#. type: </example><example> -#: offline.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:234 msgid "" "Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine " "installation can proceed using," msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:230 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:238 #, no-wrap -msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" +msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" msgstr "" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:234 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:241 msgid "Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc." msgstr "" diff --git a/doc/po/de.po b/doc/po/de.po index d40f6ae97..87a0485f7 100644 --- a/doc/po/de.po +++ b/doc/po/de.po @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: apt-doc 1.0.4\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team <deity@lists.debian.org>\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-06-19 12:02+0200\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-06-12 20:31+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-07-03 22:15+0200\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-07-04 00:34+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Chris Leick <c.leick@vollbio.de>\n" "Language-Team: German <debian-l10n-german@lists.debian.org>\n" "Language: de\n" @@ -652,11 +652,10 @@ msgid "" "management of the system. See also &apt-get; and &apt-cache; for more low-" "level command options." msgstr "" -"<command>apt</command> (Advanced Package Tool, auf Deutsch " -"»fortschrittliches Paketwerkzeug«) ist das Befehlszeilenwerkzeug für den " -"Umgang mit Paketen. Es stellt eine Befehlszeilenschnittstelle zur Verwaltung " -"von Paketen auf dem System bereit. Weitere untergeordnete Befehlsoptionen " -"finden sie unter &apt-get; und &apt-cache;." +"<command>apt</command> (Advanced Package Tool) ist das Befehlszeilenwerkzeug " +"für den Umgang mit Paketen. Es stellt eine Befehlszeilenschnittstelle zur " +"Verwaltung von Paketen auf dem System bereit. Tiefer ansetzende " +"Befehlsoptionen finden sie unter &apt-get; und &apt-cache;." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> #: apt.8.xml:47 @@ -695,7 +694,7 @@ msgid "" "<literal>install</literal> is followed by one or more package names desired " "for installation or upgrading." msgstr "" -"<literal>install</literal> ist gefolgt von einem oder mehreren Paketnamen, " +"<literal>install</literal> wird ergänzt mit einem oder mehreren Paketnamen, " "von denen eine Installation oder ein Upgrade gewünscht wird." #. type: Content of: <refentry><refsect1><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> @@ -794,10 +793,10 @@ msgid "" "&apt-cache; and &apt-get; via APT options. Please prefer using these " "commands in your scripts." msgstr "" -"Die &apt;-Befehlszeile wurde als Endanwenderwerkzeug entworfen und kann die " -"Ausgabe zwischen Versionen ändern. Obwohl es versucht, nicht die " -"Abwärtskompatibilität zu unterbrechen, gibt es dafür keine Garantie. Alle " -"Funktionalitäten von &apt; sind in &apt-cache; und &apt-get; über APT-" +"Die &apt;-Befehlszeile wurde als Endanwenderwerkzeug entworfen und kann bei " +"Versionswechseln die Ausgabe ändern. Obwohl es versucht, nicht die " +"Abwärtskompatibilität zu unterbrechen, kann sie nicht garantiert werden. " +"Alle Funktionalitäten von &apt; sind in &apt-cache; und &apt-get; über APT-" "Optionen verfügbar. Bitte benutzen Sie vorzugsweise diese Befehle in Ihren " "Skripten." @@ -8518,36 +8517,53 @@ msgstr "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> gibt bei normalen Operationen 0 zurück, " "dezimal 100 bei Fehlern." -#. type: <title></title> -#: guide.sgml:4 +#. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book> +#: guide.dbk:8 offline.dbk:8 +msgid "en" +msgstr "de" + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: guide.dbk:10 msgid "APT User's Guide" msgstr "APT-Benutzerhandbuch" -#. type: <author></author> -#: guide.sgml:6 offline.sgml:6 -msgid "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" -msgstr "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><personname> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "Jason Gunthorpe" +msgstr "Jason Gunthorpe" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><email> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "jgg@debian.org" +msgstr "jgg@debian.org" -#. type: <version></version> -#: guide.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><releaseinfo> +#: guide.dbk:20 offline.dbk:20 +msgid "Version &apt-product-version;" +msgstr "" -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: guide.sgml:11 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: guide.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager." msgstr "" "Dieses Dokument stellt eine Übersicht bereit, wie das APT-" "Paketverwaltungsprogramm benutzt wird." -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: guide.sgml:15 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: guide.dbk:28 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><title> +#: guide.dbk:31 offline.dbk:32 +msgid "License Notice" +msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:21 offline.sgml:22 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:33 offline.dbk:34 msgid "" "\"APT\" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/" "or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as " @@ -8559,8 +8575,8 @@ msgstr "" "sie von der Free Software Foundation veröffentlicht wird; entweder Version 2 " "der Lizenz oder (optional) jeder späteren Version." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:24 offline.sgml:25 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:42 offline.dbk:40 msgid "" "For more details, on Debian systems, see the file /usr/share/common-licenses/" "GPL for the full license." @@ -8568,31 +8584,32 @@ msgstr "" "Siehe für weitere Details auf Debian-Systemen die Datei /usr/share/common-" "licenses/GPL, die die vollständige Lizenz enthält." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:49 msgid "General" msgstr "Allgemein" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:38 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:51 msgid "" -"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> method and the <prgn>apt-get</prgn> command line user interface. Both " -"provide a way to install and remove packages as well as download new " -"packages from the Internet." +"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <command>dselect</" +"command> method and the <command>apt-get</command> command line user " +"interface. Both provide a way to install and remove packages as well as " +"download new packages from the Internet." msgstr "" -"Das Paket APT enthält derzeit zwei Abschnitte, die APT-<prgn>dselect</prgn>-" -"Methode und die Anwenderschnittstelle <prgn>apt-get</prgn> für die " -"Befehlszeile. Beide stellen eine Möglichkeit bereit, Pakete zu installieren, " -"zu entfernen, sowie neue Pakete aus dem Internet herunterzuladen." +"Das Paket APT enthält derzeit zwei Abschnitte, die APT-<command>dselect</" +"command>-Methode und die Anwenderschnittstelle <command>apt-get</command> " +"für die Befehlszeile. Beide stellen eine Möglichkeit bereit, Pakete zu " +"installieren, zu entfernen, sowie neue Pakete aus dem Internet " +"herunterzuladen." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:39 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:57 msgid "Anatomy of the Package System" msgstr "Anatomie des Paketsystems" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:44 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:59 msgid "" "The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated " "with each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into " @@ -8603,8 +8620,8 @@ msgstr "" "ordentlich und leicht in das System integriert wird. Das bekannteste seiner " "Funktionen ist das Abhängigkeitssystem." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:52 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:64 msgid "" "The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared " "elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently " @@ -8619,8 +8636,8 @@ msgstr "" "Durchschnittsanwender installieren sollte. Außerdem erlaubt es die Auswahl " "von Mail-Transport-Agenten, X-Servern und so weiter." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:71 msgid "" "The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the " "concept of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a " @@ -8633,8 +8650,8 @@ msgstr "" "benötigt, das zu gleichen Zeit installiert sein muss, um ordentlich zu " "funktionieren." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:76 msgid "" "For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email " "with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a " @@ -8647,8 +8664,8 @@ msgstr "" "eine Emacs-Erweiterung ist, hat es ebenfalls eine einfache Abhängigkeit von " "Emacs. Ohne Emacs ist es komplett unbenutzbar." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:73 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:82 msgid "" "The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It " "means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and " @@ -8670,8 +8687,8 @@ msgstr "" "in Konflikt stehende Abhängigkeiten mit allen anderen Mail-Transport-Agenten " "haben." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:83 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:92 msgid "" "As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend " "to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are " @@ -8692,8 +8709,8 @@ msgstr "" "dass sie von einem Mail-Transport-Agenten abhängen. Die kann zu großer " "Verwirrung führen, wenn manuell versucht wird, Pakete zu reparieren." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:102 msgid "" "At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are " "already installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency " @@ -8706,77 +8723,85 @@ msgstr "" "Algorithmen bereitstellt, die bei der Auswahl von Paketen zur Installation " "helfen." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:111 msgid "apt-get" msgstr "apt-get" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:102 -msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> provides a simple way to install packages from the " -"command line. Unlike <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> does not " -"understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and can only " -"install .deb archives from a <em>Source</em>." -msgstr "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> stellt eine einfache Möglichkeit zu Verfügung, Pakete " -"auf der Befehlszeile zu installieren. Anders als <prgn>dpkg</prgn> versteht " -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> keine .deb-Dateien. Es arbeitet mit dem Eigennamen des " -"Pakets und kann .deb-Archive nur aus einer <em>Quelle</em> installieren." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:109 -msgid "" -"The first <footnote><p>If you are using an http proxy server you must set " -"the http_proxy environment variable first, see sources.list(5)</p></" -"footnote> thing that should be done before using <prgn>apt-get</prgn> is to " -"fetch the package lists from the <em>Sources</em> so that it knows what " -"packages are available. This is done with <tt>apt-get update</tt>. For " -"instance," -msgstr "" -"Das Erste <footnote><p>Falls Sie einen HTTP-Proxy-Server benutzen, müssen " -"Sie zuerst die Umgebungsvariable »http_proxy« setzen, siehe sources.list(5)</" -"p></footnote>, das Sie vor der Benutzung von <prgn>apt-get</prgn> tun " -"sollten, ist es, die Paketlisten von der <em>Quelle</em> herunterzuladen, so " -"dass es weiß, welche Pakete verfügbar sind. Dies wird mit <tt>apt-get " -"update</tt> erledigt. Zum Beispiel," - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:116 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:113 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> provides a simple way to install packages from " +"the command line. Unlike <command>dpkg</command>, <command>apt-get</command> " +"does not understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and " +"can only install .deb archives from a <emphasis>Source</emphasis>." +msgstr "" +"<command>apt-get</command> stellt eine einfache Möglichkeit zu Verfügung, " +"Pakete auf der Befehlszeile zu installieren. Anders als <command>dpkg</" +"command> versteht <command>apt-get</command> keine .deb-Dateien. Es arbeitet " +"mit dem Eigennamen des Pakets und kann .deb-Archive nur aus einer " +"<emphasis>Quelle</emphasis> installieren." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"If you are using an http proxy server you must set the http_proxy " +"environment variable first, see sources.list(5)" +msgstr "" +"Falls Sie einen HTTP-Proxy-Server benutzen, müssen Sie zuerst die " +"Umgebungsvariable »http_proxy« setzen, siehe sources.list(5)" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"The first <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> thing that should be " +"done before using <command>apt-get</command> is to fetch the package lists " +"from the <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> so that it knows what packages are " +"available. This is done with <literal>apt-get update</literal>. For instance," +msgstr "" +"Das Erste <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>, das Sie vor der " +"Benutzung von <command>apt-get</command> tun sollten, ist es, die " +"Paketlisten von der <emphasis>Quelle</emphasis> herunterzuladen, so dass es " +"weiß, welche Pakete verfügbar sind. Dies wird mit <literal>apt-get update</" +"literal> erledigt. Zum Beispiel," + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "OK http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "OK http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Paketlisten werden gelesen … Fertig\n" -"Abhängigkeitsbaum wird aufgebaut … Fertig" +"Abhängigkeitsbaum wird aufgebaut … Fertig\n" -#. type: <p><taglist> -#: guide.sgml:120 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:134 msgid "Once updated there are several commands that can be used:" msgstr "Einmal aktualisiert stehen mehrere Befehl zur Benutzung zur Verfügung:" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:121 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:138 msgid "upgrade" msgstr "upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:141 msgid "" "Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never " "install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever " "upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break. This can be " "used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade will list all of " "the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually means that they depend " -"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <prgn>dselect</prgn> or " -"<tt>apt-get install</tt> can be used to force these packages to install." +"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <command>dselect</" +"command> or <literal>apt-get install</literal> can be used to force these " +"packages to install." msgstr "" "»Upgrade« wird versuchen, ein behutsames Upgrade des ganzen Systems " "durchzuführen. »Upgrade« wird niemals ein neues Paket installieren oder " @@ -8785,17 +8810,17 @@ msgstr "" "ein relativ sicheres Upgrade des Systems durchzuführen. »Upgrade« wird alle " "Pakete auflisten, von denen es kein Upgrade durchführen kann, was " "üblicherweise bedeutet, dass sie von neuen Paketen abhängen oder Konflikte " -"mit anderen Paketen haben. <prgn>dselect</prgn> oder <tt>apt-get install</" -"tt> können benutzt werden, um die Installation von diesen Paketen zu " -"erzwingen." +"mit anderen Paketen haben. <command>dselect</command> oder <literal>apt-get " +"install</literal> können benutzt werden, um die Installation von diesen " +"Paketen zu erzwingen." -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:153 msgid "install" msgstr "install" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:156 msgid "" "Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically " "fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of " @@ -8814,21 +8839,22 @@ msgstr "" "aufzulösen, wird eine Zusammenfassung ausgeben und nach einer Bestätigung " "fragen, wenn sich etwas anderes als dessen Argumente ändert." -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:167 msgid "dist-upgrade" msgstr "dist-upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:170 msgid "" "Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between " "releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best " "set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system " "to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use dist-" "upgrade rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> can be used to install any packages that may have been left out." +"<command>dselect</command>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then " +"<command>dselect</command> can be used to install any packages that may have " +"been left out." msgstr "" "»Dist-upgrade« führt vollständige Upgrades durch. Es wurde entworfen, um " "Upgrades zwischen Releases von Debian zu vereinfachen. Es benutzt einen " @@ -8836,13 +8862,13 @@ msgstr "" "Installieren, für das Upgrade oder zum Entfernen festzulegen, um soviel wie " "möglich vom System auf das neuste Release zu bekommen. In einigen " "Situationen könnte es eher gewünscht sein, »dist-upgrade« zu benutzen, als " -"Zeit in das manuelle Auflösen von Abhängigkeiten in <prgn>dselect</prgn> zu " -"investieren. Ist »Dist-upgrade« erst vollständig, dann kann <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> benutzt werden, um einige Pakete zu installieren, die außen vor " -"geblieben sind." +"Zeit in das manuelle Auflösen von Abhängigkeiten in <command>dselect</" +"command> zu investieren. Ist »Dist-upgrade« erst vollständig, dann kann " +"<command>dselect</command> benutzt werden, um einige Pakete zu installieren, " +"die außen vor geblieben sind." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:152 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:180 msgid "" "It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its " "decisions may sometimes be quite surprising." @@ -8851,168 +8877,166 @@ msgstr "" "Entscheidungen können manchmal ziemlich überraschend sein." # s/package/packages/ -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:163 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed " -#| "in its man page, <manref name=\"apt-get\" section=\"8\">. The most useful " -#| "option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -#| "system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -#| "start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is " -#| "used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the " -#| "command that caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." -msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed in " -"its man page, <manref name=\"apt-get\" section=\"8\">. The most useful " -"option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -"system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -"start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is used " -"the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the command that " -"caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." -msgstr "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> hat mehrere Befehlszeilenoptionen, die sich detailliert " -"in dessen Handbuchseite, <manref name=\"apt-get\" section=\"8\"> finden. Die " -"nützlichste Option ist <tt>-d</tt>, die die heruntergeladenen Dateien nicht " -"installiert. Falls das System eine große Anzahl Pakete herunterladen soll, " -"würde es nicht erwünscht sein, wenn die Installation in dem Fall gestartet " -"würde, wenn etwas schief läuft. Falls <tt>-d</tt> benutzt wird, können die " -"heruntergeladenen Archive dadurch installiert werden, indem einfach der " -"Befehl, der das Herunterladen veranlasste, erneut ohne <tt>-d</tt> ausführt " -"wird." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:168 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:187 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are " +"detailed in its man page, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The most useful " +"option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the fetched files. If " +"the system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired " +"to start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <literal>-d</" +"literal> is used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running " +"the command that caused them to be downloaded again without <literal>-d</" +"literal>." +msgstr "" +"<command>apt-get</command> hat mehrere Befehlszeilenoptionen, die sich " +"detailliert in seiner Handbuchseite, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry> finden. Die " +"nützlichste Option ist <literal>-d</literal>, die die heruntergeladenen " +"Dateien nicht installiert. Falls das System eine große Anzahl Pakete " +"herunterladen soll, würde es nicht erwünscht sein, wenn die Installation " +"auch in dem Fall gestartet würde, dass etwas schief läuft. Falls <literal>-" +"d</literal> benutzt wird, können die heruntergeladenen Archive dadurch " +"installiert werden, indem einfach der Befehl, der das Herunterladen " +"veranlasste, erneut ohne <literal>-d</literal> ausgeführt wird." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:199 msgid "DSelect" msgstr "DSelect" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:173 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:201 msgid "" -"The APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method provides the complete APT system with " -"the <prgn>dselect</prgn> package selection GUI. <prgn>dselect</prgn> is used " -"to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT actually installs " -"them." +"The APT <command>dselect</command> method provides the complete APT system " +"with the <command>dselect</command> package selection GUI. <command>dselect</" +"command> is used to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT " +"actually installs them." msgstr "" -"Die APT-<prgn>dselect</prgn>-Methode stellt das komplette APT-System mit dem " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>-Paketauswahl-GUI bereit. <prgn>dselect</prgn> wird " -"benutzt, um Pakete zum Installieren oder Entfernen auszuwählen und APT " -"installiert sie tatsächlich." +"Die APT-<command>dselect</command>-Methode stellt das komplette APT-System " +"mit dem <command>dselect</command>-Paketauswahl-GUI bereit. " +"<command>dselect</command> wird benutzt, um Pakete zum Installieren oder " +"Entfernen auszuwählen und APT installiert sie tatsächlich." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:184 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:207 msgid "" -"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " -"<em>Sources</em> which are places to fetch archives from. These can be " -"remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source can " -"provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " +"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <command>dselect</" +"command> and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " +"<emphasis>Sources</emphasis> which are places to fetch archives from. These " +"can be remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source " +"can provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " "combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CD-ROM then " "it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you " "have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use packages on " "your CD-ROM before downloading from the Internet." msgstr "" -"Um die APT-Methode einzuschalten, müssen Sie [Z]ugriff in <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> auswählen und dann die APT-Methode wählen. Sie werden nach einer " -"Zusammenstellung von <em>Quellen</em> gefragt. Dies sind Plätze, von denen " -"Archive heruntergeladen werden. Dies können ferne Internetsites, lokale " -"Debian-Spiegel oder CD-ROMs sein. Jede Quelle kann einen Ausschnitt des " -"gesamten Debian-Archives bereitstellen. APT wird sie automatisch " +"Um die APT-Methode einzuschalten, müssen Sie [Z]ugriff in <command>dselect</" +"command> auswählen und dann die APT-Methode wählen. Sie werden nach einer " +"Zusammenstellung von <emphasis>Quellen</emphasis> gefragt. Dies sind Plätze, " +"von denen Archive heruntergeladen werden. Dies können ferne Internetsites, " +"lokale Debian-Spiegel oder CD-ROMs sein. Jede Quelle kann einen Ausschnitt " +"des gesamten Debian-Archives bereitstellen. APT wird sie automatisch " "kombinieren, um eine komplette Zusammenstellung von Paketen zu formen. Falls " "Sie eine CD-ROM haben, ist es eine gute Idee, sie als erstes und dann den " "Spiegel anzugeben, so dass Sie Zugriff auf die neusten Fehlerbehebungen " "haben. APT wird automatisch Pakete auf der CD-ROM benutzen, bevor es sie aus " "dem Internet herunterlädt." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:198 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:218 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" msgstr "" " eine Liste mit Orten von Distributionsquellen einrichten\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Bitte geben Sie die Basis-URL der Debian-Distribution an.\n" " Die bekannten Zugriffsschemata dafür sind: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Zum Beispiel:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:232 msgid "" -"The <em>Sources</em> setup starts by asking for the base of the Debian " -"archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution to " -"get." +"The <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> setup starts by asking for the base of the " +"Debian archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the " +"distribution to get." msgstr "" -"Das Einrichten der <em>Quellen</em> beginnt durch das Erfragen der Basis des " -"Debian-Archives, vorgegeben ist ein HTTP-Spiegel. Als nächstes wird nach der " -"zu erhaltenden Distribution gefragt." +"Das Einrichten der <emphasis>Quellen</emphasis> beginnt durch das Erfragen " +"der Basis des Debian-Archives, vorgegeben ist ein HTTP-Spiegel. Als nächstes " +"wird nach der zu erhaltenden Distribution gefragt." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:212 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:237 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" -msgstr "" -" Bitte geben Sie die zu erhaltende Distributionskennzeichnung oder den mit einem / endenden Pfad zum Paket an. Die Distributionskennzeichnungen sind normalerweise etwas wie: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:222 -msgid "" -"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, <em>stable</" -"em> refers to the latest released version and <em>unstable</em> refers to " -"the developmental version. <em>non-US</em> is only available on some mirrors " -"and refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things " -"that cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages " -"into the US is legal however." -msgstr "" -"Die Distribution bezieht sich auf die Debian-Version im Archiv, <em>stable</" -"em> bezieht sich auf die zuletzt veröffentlichte Version und <em>unstable</" -"em> bezieht sich auf die Entwicklungsversion. <em>non-US</em> ist nur auf " -"einigen Spiegeln verfügbar und bezieht sich auf Pakete, die " +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" +msgstr "" +" Bitte geben Sie die zu erhaltende Distributionskennzeichnung oder den mit\n" +" einem / endenden Pfad zum Paket an. Die Distributionskennzeichnungen sind\n" +" normalerweise etwas wie: stable unstable testing non-US\n" +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:244 +msgid "" +"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, " +"<emphasis>stable</emphasis> refers to the latest released version and " +"<emphasis>unstable</emphasis> refers to the developmental version. " +"<emphasis>non-US</emphasis> is only available on some mirrors and refers to " +"packages that contain encryption technology or other things that cannot be " +"exported from the United States. Importing these packages into the US is " +"legal however." +msgstr "" +"Die Distribution bezieht sich auf die Debian-Version im Archiv, " +"<emphasis>stable</emphasis> bezieht sich auf die zuletzt veröffentlichte " +"Version und <emphasis>unstable</emphasis> bezieht sich auf die " +"Entwicklungsversion. <emphasis>non-US</emphasis> ist nur auf einigen " +"Spiegeln verfügbar und bezieht sich auf Pakete, die " "Verschlüsselungstechnologie oder andere Dinge enthalten, die nicht aus den " "Vereinigten Staaten exportiert werden können. Diese Pakete in die USA zu " "importieren ist jedoch legal." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:253 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Components [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Components [main contrib non-free]:\n" msgstr "" " Bitte geben Sie die Komponenten an, die Sie erhalten möchten\n" " Die Komponenten sind normalerweise etwas wie: »main« »contrib« »non-free«\n" -" \n" -" Komponenten [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Komponenten [main contrib non-free]:\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:236 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:259 msgid "" "The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The " "distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free " @@ -9025,8 +9049,8 @@ msgstr "" "»Contrib« und »Non-free« Dinge enthalten, die verschiedene Einschränkungen " "in ihrer Benutzung und ihren Vertrieb haben." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:240 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:265 msgid "" "Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt " "until you have specified all that you want." @@ -9035,24 +9059,24 @@ msgstr "" "wird mit Nachfragen fortfahren, bis Sie alles angegeben haben, was Sie " "möchten." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:247 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:269 msgid "" -"Before starting to use <prgn>dselect</prgn> it is necessary to update the " -"available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> that makes the fetched information available to " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. [U]pdate must be performed even if <tt>apt-get update</" -"tt> has been run before." +"Before starting to use <command>dselect</command> it is necessary to update " +"the available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset " +"of <literal>apt-get update</literal> that makes the fetched information " +"available to <command>dselect</command>. [U]pdate must be performed even if " +"<literal>apt-get update</literal> has been run before." msgstr "" -"Bevor sie beginnen, <prgn>dselect</prgn> zu benutzen, ist es notwendig, die " -"Verfügbarkeitsliste zu aktualisieren, indem sie aus dem Menü [E]rneuern " -"auswählen. Dies ist eine Obermenge von <tt>apt-get update</tt>, das " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> heruntergeladene Informationen zur Verfügung stellt. " -"[E]rneuern muss auch dann durchgeführt werden, wenn vorher <tt>apt-get " -"update</tt> ausgeführt wurde." +"Bevor sie beginnen, <command>dselect</command> zu benutzen, ist es " +"notwendig, die Verfügbarkeitsliste zu aktualisieren, indem sie aus dem Menü " +"[E]rneuern auswählen. Dies ist eine Obermenge von <literal>apt-get update</" +"literal>, das <command>dselect</command> heruntergeladene Informationen zur " +"Verfügung stellt. [E]rneuern muss auch dann durchgeführt werden, wenn vorher " +"<literal>apt-get update</literal> ausgeführt wurde." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:253 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:276 msgid "" "You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform " "the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and " @@ -9064,76 +9088,84 @@ msgstr "" "benutzen, haben die Befehle Kon[f]ig. und [L]öschen keine Bedeutung, der " "Befehl [I]nstall. führt beides gleichermaßen aus." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:258 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:282 msgid "" "By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they " -"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place <tt>Dselect::" -"clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place " +"<literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." msgstr "" "Standardmäßig wird APT automatisch die Paketdateien (.deb) entfernen, sobald " "sie erfolgreich installiert sind. Um dieses Verhalten zu ändern, platzieren " -"Sie <tt>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"Sie <literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:264 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:288 msgid "The Interface" msgstr "Die Schnittstelle" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:278 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:292 msgid "" -"Both that APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> share the " -"same interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what it will " -"do and then goes and does it. <footnote><p>The <prgn>dselect</prgn> method " -"actually is a set of wrapper scripts to <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. The method " -"actually provides more functionality than is present in <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"alone.</p></footnote> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " +"The <command>dselect</command> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts " +"to <command>apt-get</command>. The method actually provides more " +"functionality than is present in <command>apt-get</command> alone." +msgstr "" +"Die Methode <command>dselect</command> ist tatsächlich eine Zusammenstellung " +"von Wrapper-Skripten für <command>apt-get</command>. Die Methode stellt " +"tatsächlich mehr Funktionalitäten bereit, als in <command>apt-get</command> " +"allein vorhanden sind." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:290 +msgid "" +"Both that APT <command>dselect</command> method and <command>apt-get</" +"command> share the same interface. It is a simple system that generally " +"tells you what it will do and then goes and does it. <placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " "then will print out some informative status messages so that you can " "estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." msgstr "" -"Sowohl die APT-Methode <prgn>dselect</prgn>, als auch <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"teilen sich die gleiche Schnittstelle. Es ist ein einfaches System, das " -"üblicherweise mitteilt, was es tun wird und es dann tut. <footnote><p>Die " -"Methode <prgn>dselect</prgn> ist tatsächlich eine Zusammenstellung von " -"Wrapper-Skripten für <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. Die Methode stellt tatsächlich " -"mehr Funktionalitäten bereit, als in <prgn>apt-get</prgn> allein vorhanden " -"sind.</p></footnote> Nach der Ausgabe einer Zusammenfassung was passieren " -"wird, gibt APT einige informative Statusmeldungen aus, so dass Sie " -"abschätzen können, wie weit es ist und wieviel noch zu tun ist." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:280 +"Sowohl die APT-Methode <command>dselect</command>, als auch <command>apt-" +"get</command> teilen sich die gleiche Schnittstelle. Es ist ein einfaches " +"System, das üblicherweise mitteilt, was es tun wird und es dann tut. " +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Nach der Ausgabe einer " +"Zusammenfassung was passieren wird, gibt APT einige informative " +"Statusmeldungen aus, so dass Sie abschätzen können, wie weit es ist und " +"wieviel noch zu tun ist." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:301 msgid "Startup" msgstr "Anfang" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:284 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:303 msgid "" "Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to " "prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's state. " -"At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get check</" -"tt>." +"At any time these operations can be performed by running <literal>apt-get " +"check</literal>." msgstr "" "Vor allen Operationen, ausgenommen »update«, führt APT eine Reihe von " "Aktionen durch, um seinen internen Status vorzubereiten. Es macht außerdem " "einige Prüfungen des Systemstatus. Diese Operationen können jederzeit durch " -"Ausführung von <tt>apt-get check</tt> durchgeführt werden." +"Ausführung von <literal>apt-get check</literal> durchgeführt werden." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:289 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:309 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Paketlisten werden gelesen … Fertig\n" -"Abhängigkeitsbaum wird aufgebaut … Fertig" +"Abhängigkeitsbaum wird aufgebaut … Fertig\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:297 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:314 msgid "" "The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses " "a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is run. " @@ -9146,22 +9178,22 @@ msgstr "" "gefunden werden, werden sie ignoriert und beim Beenden von Apt-get wird eine " "Warnung ausgegeben." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:303 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:320 msgid "" "The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's " "dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked " "package and considers if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report " -"will be printed out and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will refuse to run." +"will be printed out and <command>apt-get</command> will refuse to run." msgstr "" "Die letzte Operation führt eine detaillierte Analyse der Abhängigkeiten des " "Systems durch. Sie prüft jede Abhängigkeit jedes installierten oder " "entpackten Pakets und berücksichtigt, ob es in Ordnung ist. Sollte sie ein " -"Problem finden, dann wird eine Meldung ausgegeben und <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"wird die Ausführung verweigern." +"Problem finden, dann wird eine Meldung ausgegeben und <command>apt-get</" +"command> wird die Ausführung verweigern." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:320 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:326 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" @@ -9171,14 +9203,14 @@ msgid "" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Paketlisten werden gelesen … Fertig Fertig\n" @@ -9188,17 +9220,17 @@ msgstr "" "Die folgenden Pakete haben nichterfüllte Abhängigkeiten:\n" " 9fonts: Hängt ab: xlib6g ist aber nicht installiert\n" " uucp: Hängt ab: mailx ist aber nicht installiert\n" -" blast: Hängt ab: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ist aber nicht installiert\n" +" blast: Hängt ab: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ist aber nicht installiert\n" " adduser: Hängt ab: perl-base ist aber nicht installiert\n" " aumix: Hängt ab: libgpmg1 ist aber nicht installiert\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Hängt ab: sgml-base ist aber nicht installiert\n" -" bash-builtins: Hängt ab: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 ist installiert\n" +" bash-builtins: Hängt ab: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 ist installiert\n" " cthugha: Hängt ab: svgalibg1 ist aber nicht installiert\n" -" Hängt ab: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ist aber nicht installiert\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Hängt ab: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ist aber nicht installiert\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:329 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:343 msgid "" "In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem " "with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is " @@ -9212,87 +9244,98 @@ msgstr "" "Problem anzeigt und die Abhängigkeiten, die nicht erfüllt sind. Eine kurze " "Erklärung, warum das Paket ein Abhängigkeitsproblem hat, ist inbegriffen." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:337 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:352 +msgid "" +"APT however considers all known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken " +"packages" +msgstr "" +"APT berücksichtigt jedoch alle bekannten Abhängigkeiten und versucht, " +"kaputte Pakete zu vermeiden" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:350 msgid "" "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The first " -"is caused by <prgn>dpkg</prgn> missing some subtle relationships between " -"packages when performing upgrades. <footnote><p>APT however considers all " -"known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken packages</p></footnote>. " -"The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. In this " -"situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents being " -"installed." +"is caused by <command>dpkg</command> missing some subtle relationships " +"between packages when performing upgrades. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>. The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. " +"In this situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents " +"being installed." msgstr "" "Es gibt zwei Möglichkeiten, wie ein System in einen kaputten Status wie " -"diesen kommen kann. Die erste wird dadurch verursacht, dass <prgn>dpkg</" -"prgn> einige feine Beziehungen zwischen Paketen übersieht, wenn Upgrades " -"durchgeführt werden. <footnote><p>APT berücksichtigt jedoch alle bekannten " -"Abhängigkeiten und versucht, kaputte Pakete zu vermeiden</p></footnote>. Die " -"zweite tritt auf, falls eine Paketinstallation während der Ausführung " -"fehlschlägt. In dieser Situation könnte ein Paket entpackt worden sein, ohne " -"dass die von ihm Abhängigen installiert sind." +"diesen kommen kann. Die erste wird dadurch verursacht, dass <command>dpkg</" +"command> einige feine Beziehungen zwischen Paketen übersieht, wenn Upgrades " +"durchgeführt werden. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>. Die zweite " +"tritt auf, falls eine Paketinstallation während der Ausführung fehlschlägt. " +"In dieser Situation könnte ein Paket entpackt worden sein, ohne dass die von " +"ihm Abhängigen installiert sind." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:345 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:359 msgid "" "The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places " "certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases " -"supplying the <tt>-f</tt> option to <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will cause APT to " -"deduce a possible solution to the problem and then continue on. The APT " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> method always supplies the <tt>-f</tt> option to allow " -"for easy continuation of failed maintainer scripts." +"supplying the <literal>-f</literal> option to <command>apt-get</command> " +"will cause APT to deduce a possible solution to the problem and then " +"continue on. The APT <command>dselect</command> method always supplies the " +"<literal>-f</literal> option to allow for easy continuation of failed " +"maintainer scripts." msgstr "" "Die zweite Situation ist weit weniger ernst als die erste, weil APT " "bestimmte Beschränkungen in der Reihenfolge setzt, in der Pakete installiert " -"werden. In beiden Fällen veranlasst die Option <tt>-f</tt> <prgn>apt-get</" -"prgn>, eine mögliche Lösung für das Problem zu folgern und dann " -"fortzufahren. Die APT-Methode <prgn>dselect</prgn> liefert immer die Option " -"<tt>-f</tt>, zum einfachen Fortfahren von gescheiterten Betreuerskripten." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:351 -msgid "" -"However, if the <tt>-f</tt> option is used to correct a seriously broken " -"system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either fail " -"immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either case it is " -"necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct " -"the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." -msgstr "" -"Falls jedoch die Option <tt>-f</tt> benutzt wird, um ein ernsthaft kaputtes " -"System zu korrigieren, das vom ersten Fall verursacht wurde, dann ist es " -"möglich, dass es entweder sofort fehlschlägt oder die Installationsabfolge " -"fehlschlagen wird. In beiden Fällen ist es nötig, Dpkg (möglicherweise mit " -"erzwingenden Optionen) manuell zu benutzen, um die Situation ausreichend zu " -"korrigieren, so dass es APT ermöglicht wird, fortzufahren." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:356 +"werden. In beiden Fällen veranlasst die Option <literal>-f</literal> " +"<command>apt-get</command>, eine mögliche Lösung für das Problem zu folgern " +"und dann fortzufahren. Die APT-Methode <command>dselect</command> liefert " +"immer die Option <literal>-f</literal>, zum einfachen Fortfahren von " +"gescheiterten Betreuerskripten." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:368 +msgid "" +"However, if the <literal>-f</literal> option is used to correct a seriously " +"broken system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will " +"either fail immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either " +"case it is necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to " +"correct the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." +msgstr "" +"Falls jedoch die Option <literal>-f</literal> benutzt wird, um ein ernsthaft " +"kaputtes System zu korrigieren, das vom ersten Fall verursacht wurde, dann " +"ist es möglich, dass es entweder sofort fehlschlägt oder die " +"Installationsabfolge fehlschlagen wird. In beiden Fällen ist es nötig, Dpkg " +"(möglicherweise mit erzwingenden Optionen) manuell zu benutzen, um die " +"Situation ausreichend zu korrigieren, so dass es APT ermöglicht wird, " +"fortzufahren." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:376 msgid "The Status Report" msgstr "Der Statusbericht" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:363 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:378 msgid "" -"Before proceeding <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will present a report on what will " -"happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed " -"but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists reflect the " -"final state of things, taking into account the <tt>-f</tt> option and any " -"other relevant activities to the command being executed." +"Before proceeding <command>apt-get</command> will present a report on what " +"will happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being " +"performed but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists " +"reflect the final state of things, taking into account the <literal>-f</" +"literal> option and any other relevant activities to the command being " +"executed." msgstr "" -"Bevor es fortfährt, wird <prgn>apt-get</prgn> einen Bericht darüber " +"Bevor es fortfährt, wird <command>apt-get</command> einen Bericht darüber " "präsentieren, was geschehen wird. Im Allgemeinen spiegelt der Bericht den " "Typ der Operation, die ausgeführt wird, wider, aber es gibt auch mehrere " "geläufige Elemente. Auf jeden Fall spiegelt die Liste den Endstatus der " -"Dinge wider, bezieht die Option <tt>-f</tt> in Betracht und alle andere " -"relevante Aktivitäten zum Befehl, der ausgeführt wird." +"Dinge wider, bezieht die Option <literal>-f</literal> in Betracht und alle " +"andere relevante Aktivitäten zum Befehl, der ausgeführt wird." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:364 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:385 msgid "The Extra Package list" msgstr "Die zusätzliche Paketliste" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:372 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:387 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" @@ -9300,87 +9343,87 @@ msgid "" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" msgstr "" "Die folgenden Pakete werden zusätzlich installiert:\n" " libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl\n" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:379 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:395 msgid "" "The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or " "upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only " -"generated for an <tt>install</tt> command. The listed packages are often the " -"result of an Auto Install." +"generated for an <literal>install</literal> command. The listed packages are " +"often the result of an Auto Install." msgstr "" "Die zusätzliche Paketliste zeigt alle Pakete, die installiert werden oder " "von denen ein Upgrade durchgeführt wird, zusätzlich zu den auf der " -"Befehlszeile angegebenen. Sie wird nur für einen <tt>install</tt>-Befehl " -"generiert. Die aufgelisteten Pakete sind häufig das Ergebnis einer " +"Befehlszeile angegebenen. Sie wird nur für einen <literal>install</literal>-" +"Befehl generiert. Die aufgelisteten Pakete sind häufig das Ergebnis einer " "automatischen Installation." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:382 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:402 msgid "The Packages to Remove" msgstr "Die zu entfernenden Pakete" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:389 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:404 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" msgstr "" "Die folgenden Pakete werden ENTFERNT:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:399 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:411 msgid "" "The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed " "from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be " "given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to be taken off. " -"The <tt>-f</tt> option is especially good at generating packages to remove " -"so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain packages " -"that are going to be removed because they are only partially installed, " -"possibly due to an aborted installation." +"The <literal>-f</literal> option is especially good at generating packages " +"to remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain " +"packages that are going to be removed because they are only partially " +"installed, possibly due to an aborted installation." msgstr "" "Die Liste der zu entfernenden Pakete zeigt all die Pakete, die vom System " "entfernt werden. Sie kann für jede der Operationen angezeigt werden und " "sollte einer sorgfältige Überprüfung unterzogen werden, um sicherzustellen, " -"dass nichts Wichtiges weggenommen wird. Die Option <tt>-f</tt> ist " +"dass nichts Wichtiges weggenommen wird. Die Option <literal>-f</literal> ist " "insbesondere gut darin, Pakete zum Entfernen vorzumerken, so dass in diesem " "Fall mit extremer Vorsicht vorgegangen werden sollte. Die Liste könnte " "Pakete enthalten, die entfernt werden, weil sie nur teilweise installiert " "sind, möglicherweise aufgrund einer abgebrochenen Installation." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:402 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:421 msgid "The New Packages list" msgstr "Die Liste neuer Pakete" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:406 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:423 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" msgstr "" "Die folgenden NEUEN Pakete werden zusätzlich installiert:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:411 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:427 msgid "" "The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages " "listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is " @@ -9390,58 +9433,58 @@ msgstr "" "aufgelisteten Pakete sind zurzeit nicht auf dem System installiert, werden " "es aber sein, wenn APT fertig ist." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:414 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:432 msgid "The Kept Back list" msgstr "Die Liste zurückgehaltener Pakete" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:419 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:434 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" msgstr "" "Die folgenden Pakete werden zurückgehalten:\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:428 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:439 msgid "" "Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that " "new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things " "or conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will " "appear in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed there " -"to install is with <tt>apt-get install</tt> or by using <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"to resolve their problems." +"to install is with <literal>apt-get install</literal> or by using " +"<command>dselect</command> to resolve their problems." msgstr "" "Jedesmal, wenn ein Upgrade des ganzen Systems durchgeführt wird, besteht die " "Möglichkeit, dass neue Versionen von Paketen nicht installiert werden " "können, weil sie neue Dinge benötigen oder einen Konflikt mit bereits " "installierten Dingen haben. In diesem Fall wird das Paket auf der Liste " "zurückgehaltener Pakete erscheinen. Der beste Weg dort aufgeführte Pakete " -"zur Installation zu bewegen, ist per <tt>apt-get install</tt> oder indem " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> zum Lösen ihrer Probleme benutzt wird." +"zur Installation zu bewegen, ist per <literal>apt-get install</literal> oder " +"indem <command>dselect</command> zum Lösen ihrer Probleme benutzt wird." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:431 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:448 msgid "Held Packages warning" msgstr "Warnung wegen zurückgehaltener Pakete" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:435 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:450 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" msgstr "" "Die folgenden zurückgehaltenen Pakete werden geändert:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:441 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:454 msgid "" "Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a " "case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be changed. " @@ -9452,33 +9495,33 @@ msgstr "" "zurückgehaltene Paket geändert wird. Dies sollte nur während »Dist-upgrade« " "oder »Install« vorkommen." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:444 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:460 msgid "Final summary" msgstr "Abschließende Zusammenfassung" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:447 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:462 msgid "" "Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur." msgstr "" "Abschließend wird APT eine Zusammenfassung aller Änderungen ausgeben, die " "auftreten werden." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:452 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:465 #, no-wrap msgid "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" -"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." +"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used.\n" msgstr "" "206 Pakete aktualisiert, 8 zusätzlich installiert, 23 werden entfernt und 51 nicht aktualisiert.\n" "12 Pakete nicht vollständig installiert oder entfernt.\n" -"Muss 65,7MB/66,7MB an Archiven herunterladen. Nach dem Entpacken werden 26,5MB zusätzlich belegt sein." +"Muss 65,7MB/66,7MB an Archiven herunterladen. Nach dem Entpacken werden 26,5MB zusätzlich belegt sein.\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:470 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:470 msgid "" "The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the " "lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already " @@ -9508,8 +9551,8 @@ msgstr "" "Speicher nachdem alles erledigt ist. Wenn eine große Anzahl Pakete entfernt " "wird, dann kann der Wert den Betrag des freiwerdenden Speichers anzeigen." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:473 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:484 msgid "" "Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages " "to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples." @@ -9518,13 +9561,13 @@ msgstr "" "werden, um Pakete anzuzeigen, von denen ein Upgrade durchgeführt werden " "soll. Dies ist den vorherigen Beispielen ähnlich." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:477 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:491 msgid "The Status Display" msgstr "Der Anzeigestatus" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:481 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:493 msgid "" "During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of " "status messages." @@ -9532,8 +9575,8 @@ msgstr "" "Während des Herunterladens von Archiven und Paketdateien gibt APT eine Reihe " "von Statusmeldungen aus." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:490 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:497 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" @@ -9542,7 +9585,7 @@ msgid "" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Hole:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" @@ -9550,69 +9593,71 @@ msgstr "" "Treffer http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Hole:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Hole:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free 'Warte auf Datei' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free 'Warte auf Datei' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:500 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:506 msgid "" -"The lines starting with <em>Get</em> are printed out when APT begins to " -"fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the download. The " -"first percent value on the progress line indicates the total percent done of " -"all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files is unknown " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> estimates the percent done which causes some " -"inaccuracies." +"The lines starting with <emphasis>Get</emphasis> are printed out when APT " +"begins to fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the " +"download. The first percent value on the progress line indicates the total " +"percent done of all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files " +"is unknown <literal>apt-get update</literal> estimates the percent done " +"which causes some inaccuracies." msgstr "" -"Die Zeilen, die mit <em>Hole</em> beginnen, werden ausgegeben, wenn APT " -"anfängt, eine Datei herunterzuladen, während die letzte Zeile den " +"Die Zeilen, die mit <emphasis>Hole</emphasis> beginnen, werden ausgegeben, " +"wenn APT anfängt, eine Datei herunterzuladen, während die letzte Zeile den " "Fortschritt des Herunterladens anzeigt. Die erste Prozentzahl der " "Fortschrittszeile zeigt die gesamt erledigte Prozentzahl aller Dateien an. " -"Unglücklicherweise schätzt <tt>apt-get update</tt> die erledigte " +"Unglücklicherweise schätzt <literal>apt-get update</literal> die erledigte " "Prozentzahl, da die Größe der Pakete unbekannt ist, was einige " "Ungenauigkeiten bewirkt." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:509 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:514 msgid "" "The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download " "thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful " "information about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read " -"<em>Forking</em> which means the OS is loading the download module. The " -"first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the history lines. " -"The next word is the short form name of the object being downloaded. For " -"archives it will contain the name of the package that is being fetched." +"<emphasis>Forking</emphasis> which means the OS is loading the download " +"module. The first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the " +"history lines. The next word is the short form name of the object being " +"downloaded. For archives it will contain the name of the package that is " +"being fetched." msgstr "" "Der nächste Abschnitt der Statuszeile wird für jeden Download-Thread " "wiederholt und zeigt die durchgeführte Operation, sowie einige nützliche " "Informationen darüber an was geschieht. Manchmal wird dieser Abschnitt " -"einfach nur <em>Forking</em> darstellen, was bedeutet, dass das " +"einfach nur <emphasis>Forking</emphasis> darstellen, was bedeutet, dass das " "Betriebssystem das Download-Modul am Laden ist. Das erste Wort nach dem »[« " "ist die Ladenummer, wie sie auf den Verlaufszeilen angezeigt wird. Das " "nächste Wort ist Name in Kurzform des Ojektes, das heruntergeladen wird. Für " "Archive wird es den Namen des Paketes enthalten, das heruntergeladen wird." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:524 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:524 msgid "" "Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress " "of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from " -"<em>Connecting</em> to <em>Waiting for file</em> to <em>Downloading</em> or " -"<em>Resuming</em>. The final value is the number of bytes downloaded from " -"the remote site. Once the download begins this is represented as " -"<tt>102/10.2k</tt> indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 " -"kilobytes is expected. The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation " -"to preserve space. After the size display is a percent meter for the file " -"itself. The second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This " -"values is updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for " -"that period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated " -"regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown transfer " -"rate." +"<emphasis>Connecting</emphasis> to <emphasis>Waiting for file</emphasis> to " +"<emphasis>Downloading</emphasis> or <emphasis>Resuming</emphasis>. The final " +"value is the number of bytes downloaded from the remote site. Once the " +"download begins this is represented as <literal>102/10.2k</literal> " +"indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is expected. " +"The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve space. After " +"the size display is a percent meter for the file itself. The second last " +"element is the instantaneous average speed. This values is updated every 5 " +"seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for that period. Finally is " +"shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated regularly and reflects " +"the time to complete everything at the shown transfer rate." msgstr "" "Innerhalb von einzelnen Anführungszeichen folgt eine informative " "Zeichenkette, die den Fortschritt der Übertragungsphase des Downloads " -"anzeigt. Normalerweise schreitet sie fort von <em>Verbinde</em> zu <em>Warte " -"auf Datei</em> zu <em>Lade herunter</em> oder <em>Nehme wieder auf</em>. Der " -"letzte Wert ist die Anzahl der von der fernen Site heruntergeladenen Bytes. " -"Sobald der Download beginnt, zeigt sich dies wie <tt>102/10.2k</tt> was " +"anzeigt. Normalerweise schreitet sie fort von <emphasis>Verbinde</emphasis> " +"zu <emphasis>Warte auf Datei</emphasis> zu <emphasis>Lade herunter</" +"emphasis> oder <emphasis>Nehme wieder auf</emphasis>. Der letzte Wert ist " +"die Anzahl der von der fernen Site heruntergeladenen Bytes. Sobald der " +"Download beginnt, zeigt sich dies wie <literal>102/10.2k</literal> was " "anzeigt, dass 102 Bytes heruntergeladen und 10,2 Kilobytes erwartet werden. " "Die Gesamtgröße wird immer in vierstelliger Schreibweise dargestellt, um " "Platz zu sparen. Nach der Größenanzeige ist eine Prozentangabe für die Datei " @@ -9623,57 +9668,52 @@ msgstr "" "wird regelmäßig aktualisiert und spiegelt die Zeit zum Vervollständigen bei " "der angezeigten Datenübertragungsgeschwindigkeit wider." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:530 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:539 msgid "" "The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback " "on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file " "is started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is unsuitable " -"for logging to a file, use the <tt>-q</tt> option to remove the status " -"display." +"for logging to a file, use the <literal>-q</literal> option to remove the " +"status display." msgstr "" "Die Statusanzeige aktualisiert sich alle halbe Sekunde, um eine gleichmäßige " "Rückmeldung über den Download-Fortschritt bereitzustellen, während die " "»Hole«-Zeilen bei jeder gestarteten neuen Datei zurückscrollen. Da die " "Statusanzeige ständig aktualisiert wird, ist sie für die Protokollierung in " -"eine Datei ungeeignet. Benutzen Sie die Option <tt>-q</tt>, um die " +"eine Datei ungeeignet. Benutzen Sie die Option <literal>-q</literal>, um die " "Statusanzeige zu entfernen." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:535 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:547 msgid "Dpkg" msgstr "Dpkg" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:542 -msgid "" -"APT uses <prgn>dpkg</prgn> for installing the archives and will switch over " -"to the <prgn>dpkg</prgn> interface once downloading is completed. " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> will also ask a number of questions as it processes the " -"packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. Before " -"each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and the " -"questions are too varied to discuss completely here." -msgstr "" -"APT benutzt <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, um die Archive zu installieren und wird zu " -"der <prgn>dpkg</prgn>-Schnittstelle herüberschalten, sobald der Download " -"vollständig ist. <prgn>dpkg</prgn> wird außerdem eine Reihe von Fragen " -"stellen, während es die Pakete abarbeitet und die Pakete können auch mehrere " -"Fragen stellen . Vor jeder Frage ist üblicherweise eine Beschreibung des " -"Gefragten und die Fragen sind zu vielfältig, um sie vollständig hier zu " -"besprechen." - -#. type: <title></title> -#: offline.sgml:4 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:549 +msgid "" +"APT uses <command>dpkg</command> for installing the archives and will switch " +"over to the <command>dpkg</command> interface once downloading is completed. " +"<command>dpkg</command> will also ask a number of questions as it processes " +"the packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. " +"Before each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and " +"the questions are too varied to discuss completely here." +msgstr "" +"APT benutzt <command>dpkg</command>, um die Archive zu installieren und wird " +"zu der <command>dpkg</command>-Schnittstelle herüberschalten, sobald der " +"Download vollständig ist. <command>dpkg</command> wird außerdem eine Reihe " +"von Fragen stellen, während es die Pakete abarbeitet und die Pakete können " +"auch mehrere Fragen stellen . Vor jeder Frage ist üblicherweise eine " +"Beschreibung des Gefragten und die Fragen sind zu vielfältig, um sie " +"vollständig hier zu besprechen." + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: offline.dbk:10 msgid "Using APT Offline" msgstr "APT offline verwenden" -#. type: <version></version> -#: offline.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 12.02.2003 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" - -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: offline.sgml:12 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: offline.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, " "specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades." @@ -9682,23 +9722,25 @@ msgstr "" "speziell einem »Turnschuhnetzwerk«, an die Durchführung von Upgrades " "herangeht." -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: offline.sgml:16 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: offline.dbk:29 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" +"<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:47 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Einleitung" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:34 offline.sgml:65 offline.sgml:180 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:49 offline.dbk:79 offline.dbk:191 msgid "Overview" msgstr "Übersicht" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:40 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:51 msgid "" "Normally APT requires direct access to a Debian archive, either from a local " "media or through a network. Another common complaint is that a Debian " @@ -9711,8 +9753,8 @@ msgstr "" "wie einem Modem, hängt und eine andere Maschine eine sehr schnelle " "Verbindung hat, sie jedoch physisch fern sind." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:51 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:57 msgid "" "The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a " "SuperDisk disc. These discs are not large enough to store the entire Debian " @@ -9720,9 +9762,9 @@ msgid "" "to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch " "them onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is even " "possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely " -"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <em>remote host</em> mean " -"the machine downloading the packages, and <em>target host</em> the one with " -"bad or no connection." +"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <emphasis>remote host</" +"emphasis> mean the machine downloading the packages, and <emphasis>target " +"host</emphasis> the one with bad or no connection." msgstr "" "Die Lösung dazu besteht darin, große Wechselmedien, wie eine Zip-Platte oder " "eine SuperDisk zu benutzen. Diese Platten sind nicht groß genug, um ein " @@ -9733,11 +9775,11 @@ msgstr "" "herunterzuladen. Es ist sogar möglich, eine andere Debian-Maschine mit APT " "oder ein komplett unterschiedliches Betriebssystem und ein Download-Werkzeug " "wie Wget zu benutzen. Nennen wir die Maschine, die die Pakete herunterlädt " -"<em>ferner Rechner</em> und die mit der schlechten oder fehlenden Verbindung " -"<em>Zielrechner</em>." +"<emphasis>ferner Rechner</emphasis> und die mit der schlechten oder " +"fehlenden Verbindung <emphasis>Zielrechner</emphasis>." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:68 msgid "" "This is achieved by creatively manipulating the APT configuration file. The " "essential premise to tell APT to look on a disc for it's archive files. Note " @@ -9750,13 +9792,13 @@ msgstr "" "Platte mit einem Dateisystem formatiert sein sollte, das mit langen " "Dateinamen umgehen kann, so wie ext2, fat32 oder vfat." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:77 msgid "Using APT on both machines" msgstr "APT auf beiden Maschinen benutzen" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:71 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:81 msgid "" "APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The " "basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the " @@ -9769,8 +9811,8 @@ msgstr "" "Paketdateien herunterzuladen und zu entscheiden, welche Pakete " "heruntergeladen werden. Die Plattenverzeichnisstruktur sollte so aussehen:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:80 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:87 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /disc/\n" @@ -9780,7 +9822,7 @@ msgid "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" msgstr "" " /Platte/\n" " Archive/\n" @@ -9789,42 +9831,43 @@ msgstr "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:98 msgid "The configuration file" msgstr "Die Konfigurationsdatei" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:100 msgid "" "The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and to " "use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should " "contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and " -"the status file should be a copy of <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> from the " -"<em>target host</em>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must " -"use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." +"the status file should be a copy of <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</" +"emphasis> from the <emphasis>target host</emphasis>. Please note, if you are " +"using a local archive you must use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to " +"file URIs." msgstr "" "Die Konfigurationsdatei sollte APT mitteilen, dass es seine Dateien auf der " "Platte speichert und obendrein die Konfigurationsdateien auf der Platte " "benutzt. Die »sources.list« sollte genau die Sites enthalten, die Sie auf " "der fernen Maschine benutzen möchten und die Statusdatei sollte eine Kopie " -"von <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> vom <em>Zielrechner</em> sein. Bitte " -"beachten Sie, falls Sie lokale Archive benutzen, dass Sie »copy«-URIs " -"benutzen müssen. Die Syntax entspricht der von »file«-URIs." +"von <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> vom <emphasis>Zielrechner</" +"emphasis> sein. Bitte beachten Sie, falls Sie lokale Archive benutzen, dass " +"Sie »copy«-URIs benutzen müssen. Die Syntax entspricht der von »file«-URIs." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:100 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:108 msgid "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> must contain the necessary information to make APT use the " -"disc:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> must contain the necessary information to make " +"APT use the disc:" msgstr "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> muss die nötigen Informationen enthalten, damit APT die " -"Platte benutzt:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> muss die nötigen Informationen enthalten, " +"damit APT die Platte benutzt:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:124 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:112 #, no-wrap msgid "" " APT\n" @@ -9832,10 +9875,10 @@ msgid "" " /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" @@ -9846,10 +9889,10 @@ msgid "" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" msgstr "" " APT\n" " {\n" @@ -9857,10 +9900,10 @@ msgstr "" " Architektur haben. Es teilt dem fernen APT mit, welche Architektur die\n" " Zielmaschine hat */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Die Platte für Statusinformationen benutzen und die Statusdatei\n" @@ -9871,68 +9914,72 @@ msgstr "" " // Programmzwischenspeicher werden lokal gespeichert\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Ort der Quellenliste.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:129 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:137 msgid "" "More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample " -"configuration file in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"configuration file in <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</" +"emphasis>." msgstr "" "Weitere Details finden sich in der apt.conf-Handbuchseite und der " -"Musterkonfigurationsdatei in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"Musterkonfigurationsdatei in <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</" +"emphasis>." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:136 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:142 msgid "" -"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy <em>/" -"var/lib/dpkg/status</em> to it. You will also need to create the directories " -"outlined in the Overview, <em>archives/partial/</em> and <em>lists/partial/</" -"em>. Then take the disc to the remote machine and configure the sources." -"list. On the remote machine execute the following:" +"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy " +"<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> to it. You will also need to " +"create the directories outlined in the Overview, <emphasis>archives/partial/" +"</emphasis> and <emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Then take the disc to " +"the remote machine and configure the sources.list. On the remote machine " +"execute the following:" msgstr "" "Das Erste, was auf der Zielmaschine getan werden muss, ist das Einhängen der " -"Platte und das Kopieren von <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> dorthin. Sie " -"werden außerdem die in der Übersicht umrissenen Verzeichnisse <em>archives/" -"partial/</em> und <em>lists/partial/</em> erstellen müssen. Dann bringen Sie " -"die Platte zu der fernen Maschine und konfigurieren Sie die »sources.list«. " -"Führen Sie das folgende aus:" - -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:142 +"Platte und das Kopieren von <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> " +"dorthin. Sie werden außerdem die in der Übersicht umrissenen Verzeichnisse " +"<emphasis>archives/partial/</emphasis> und <emphasis>lists/partial/</" +"emphasis> erstellen müssen. Dann bringen Sie die Platte zu der fernen " +"Maschine und konfigurieren Sie die »sources.list«. Führen Sie das folgende " +"aus:" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:151 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT fetches the package files ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]" +" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT lädt die Paketdateien herunter ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ APT lädt all die Pakete herunter, die die Zielmaschine benötigt, um ein\n" -" Upgrade durchzuführen ]" +" Upgrade durchzuführen ]\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:158 msgid "" "The dist-upgrade command can be replaced with any other standard APT " "commands, particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end " -"such as <em>dselect</em>. However this presents a problem in communicating " -"your selections back to the local computer." +"such as <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. However this presents a problem in " +"communicating your selections back to the local computer." msgstr "" "Der Befehl »dist-upgrade« kann durch alle anderen Standard-APT-Befehle " "ersetzt werden, insbesondere »dselect-upgrade«. Sie können sogar eine APT-" -"Oberfläche, wie <em>dselect</em>, benutzen. Jedoch stellt dies ein Problem " -"dar, Ihre Auswahl zurück an den lokalen Rechner zu kommunizieren." +"Oberfläche, wie <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>, benutzen. Jedoch stellt dies " +"ein Problem dar, Ihre Auswahl zurück an den lokalen Rechner zu kommunizieren." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:153 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:164 msgid "" "Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade " "the target machine. Take the disc back and run:" @@ -9941,24 +9988,24 @@ msgstr "" "Upgrade der Zielmaschine druchzuführen. Bringen Sie die Platte zurück und " "starten Sie:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:159 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:168 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT generates a local copy of the cache files ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Or any other APT command ]" +" [ Or any other APT command ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT generiert eine lokale Kopie der Zwischenspeicherdateien ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Oder irgendeinen anderen APT-Befehl ]" +" [ Oder irgendeinen anderen APT-Befehl ]\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:165 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:175 msgid "" "It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the " "local one. This is very important!" @@ -9966,8 +10013,8 @@ msgstr "" "Es ist für ordentliches Funktionieren notwendig, die Statusdatei erneut als " "die lokale anzugeben. Dies ist sehr wichtig!" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:172 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:179 msgid "" "If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying disc/" "status to /var/lib/dpkg/status so that any selections you made on the remote " @@ -9983,24 +10030,25 @@ msgstr "" "die Statusdatei NICHT, falls Dpkg oder APT in der Zwischenzeit benutzt " "wurden!" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:178 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:189 msgid "Using APT and wget" msgstr "APT und Wget benutzen" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:185 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:193 msgid "" -"<em>wget</em> is a popular and portable download tool that can run on nearly " -"any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian machine " -"already has a list of available packages." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> is a popular and portable download tool that can " +"run on nearly any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the " +"Debian machine already has a list of available packages." msgstr "" -"<em>wget</em> ist eine populäres und portierbares Download-Werkzeug, das auf " -"nahezu jeder Maschine laufen kann. Anders als die Methode oben wird hierfür " -"benötigt, dass die Debian-Maschine bereits eine Liste verfügbarer Pakete hat." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> ist eine populäres und portierbares Download-" +"Werkzeug, das auf nahezu jeder Maschine laufen kann. Anders als die Methode " +"oben wird hierfür benötigt, dass die Debian-Maschine bereits eine Liste " +"verfügbarer Pakete hat." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:190 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:198 msgid "" "The basic idea is to create a disc that has only the archive files " "downloaded from the remote site. This is done by using the --print-uris " @@ -10013,13 +10061,13 @@ msgstr "" "Vorbereiten eines Wget-Skripts getan, um die eigentlichen Pakete " "herunterzuladen." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:196 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:204 msgid "Operation" msgstr "Betrieb" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:200 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:206 msgid "" "Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are required. " "We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list." @@ -10028,23 +10076,23 @@ msgstr "" "Konfigurationsdateien benötigt. Es werden lediglich die Standard-APT-Befehle " "benutzt, um die Dateiliste zu erstellen." -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:210 #, no-wrap msgid "" -" # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" +" # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" msgstr "" " # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" " [ Antworten Sie »nein« auf gestellte Fragen, wenn Sie mit den Aktionen\n" " zufrieden sind ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /Platte/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /Platte/wget-script\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:210 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:216 msgid "" "Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including dselect-" "upgrade." @@ -10052,8 +10100,8 @@ msgstr "" "Jeder andere Befehl als »dist-upgrade« könnte hier benutzt werden, " "einschließlich »upgrade«." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:216 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:220 msgid "" "The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to " "execute in order to fetch the necessary archives. This script should be run " @@ -10065,25 +10113,25 @@ msgstr "" "sollte mit dem aktuellen Verzeichnis als Platteneinhängepunkt ausgeführt " "werden, so dass die Ausgabe auf die Platte gespeichert wird." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:219 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:226 msgid "The remote machine would do something like" msgstr "Die ferne Maschine würde etwas wie das folgende tun" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:223 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:229 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ wait.. ]" +" [ wait.. ]\n" msgstr "" " # cd /Platte\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ warten … Fertig ]" +" [ warten … Fertig ]\n" -#. type: </example><example> -#: offline.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:234 msgid "" "Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine " "installation can proceed using," @@ -10091,17 +10139,35 @@ msgstr "" "Sobald die Archive heruntergeladen und die Platte zur Debian-Maschine " "zurückgekehrt ist, kann die Installation fortfahren durch Benutzung von " -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:230 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:238 #, no-wrap -msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" -msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/Platte/\" dist-upgrade" +msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" +msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/Platte/\" dist-upgrade\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:234 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:241 msgid "Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc." msgstr "Es wird die bereits auf die Platte heruntergeladenen Archive benutzen." +#~ msgid "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" +#~ msgstr "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" + +#~ msgid "<pubdate></pubdate>" +#~ msgstr "<pubdate></pubdate>" + +#~ msgid "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" +#~ msgstr "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 12.02.2003 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" + +#~ msgid "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" +#~ msgstr "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" + +#~ msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." +#~ msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." + +#~ msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." +#~ msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." + #~ msgid "apt" #~ msgstr "apt" @@ -10127,11 +10193,6 @@ msgstr "Es wird die bereits auf die Platte heruntergeladenen Archive benutzen." #~ msgstr "BESCHREIBUNG" #, fuzzy -#~| msgid "" -#~| "APT is a management system for software packages. For normal day to day " -#~| "package management there are several frontends available, such as " -#~| "B<aptitude>(8) for the command line or B<synaptic>(8) for the X Window " -#~| "System. Some options are only implemented in B<apt-get>(8) though." #~ msgid "" #~ "For normal day to day package management there are several frontends " #~ "available, such as B<aptitude>(8) for the command line or " @@ -10147,9 +10208,6 @@ msgstr "Es wird die bereits auf die Platte heruntergeladenen Archive benutzen." #~ msgstr "SIEHE AUCH" #, fuzzy -#~| msgid "" -#~| "B<apt-cache>(8), B<apt-get>(8), B<apt.conf>(5), B<sources.list>(5), " -#~| "B<apt_preferences>(5), B<apt-secure>(8)" #~ msgid "" #~ "B<apt>(8), B<apt-cache>(8), B<apt-get>(8), B<apt.conf>(5), B<sources." #~ "list>(5), B<apt_preferences>(5), B<apt-secure>(8)" diff --git a/doc/po/es.po b/doc/po/es.po index 4c555940f..90c3a578a 100644 --- a/doc/po/es.po +++ b/doc/po/es.po @@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: apt 0.9.7.1\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team <deity@lists.debian.org>\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-06-19 12:02+0200\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-01 14:00+0200\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-07-03 22:15+0200\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-07-04 01:31+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Omar Campagne <ocampagne@gmail.com>\n" "Language-Team: Debian l10n Spanish <debian-l10n-spanish@lists.debian.org>\n" "Language: es\n" @@ -8572,36 +8572,53 @@ msgstr "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> devuelve cero si no hay ningún error, y el " "valor 100 en caso de error." -#. type: <title></title> -#: guide.sgml:4 +#. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book> +#: guide.dbk:8 offline.dbk:8 +msgid "en" +msgstr "es" + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: guide.dbk:10 msgid "APT User's Guide" msgstr "Guía de usuario de APT" -#. type: <author></author> -#: guide.sgml:6 offline.sgml:6 -msgid "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" -msgstr "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><personname> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "Jason Gunthorpe" +msgstr "Jason Gunthorpe" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><email> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "jgg@debian.org" +msgstr "jgg@debian.org" -#. type: <version></version> -#: guide.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><releaseinfo> +#: guide.dbk:20 offline.dbk:20 +msgid "Version &apt-product-version;" +msgstr "" -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: guide.sgml:11 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: guide.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager." msgstr "" "Este documento ofrece una introducción sobre cómo usar el gestor de paquetes " "APT." -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: guide.sgml:15 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: guide.dbk:28 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><title> +#: guide.dbk:31 offline.dbk:32 +msgid "License Notice" +msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:21 offline.sgml:22 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:33 offline.dbk:34 msgid "" "\"APT\" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/" "or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as " @@ -8613,8 +8630,8 @@ msgstr "" "Public License publicada por la Free Software Foundation, ya sea en su " "versión 2 o (a su elección) cualquier versión posterior." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:24 offline.sgml:25 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:42 offline.dbk:40 msgid "" "For more details, on Debian systems, see the file /usr/share/common-licenses/" "GPL for the full license." @@ -8622,31 +8639,31 @@ msgstr "" "Para más detalles acerca de sistemas Debian y la licencia completa, consulte " "el fichero «/usr/share/common-licenses/GPL»." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:49 msgid "General" msgstr "General" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:38 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:51 msgid "" -"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> method and the <prgn>apt-get</prgn> command line user interface. Both " -"provide a way to install and remove packages as well as download new " -"packages from the Internet." +"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <command>dselect</" +"command> method and the <command>apt-get</command> command line user " +"interface. Both provide a way to install and remove packages as well as " +"download new packages from the Internet." msgstr "" -"El paquete APT contiene a día de hoy dos secciones, el método <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> y la interfaz de usuario para la línea de órdenes <prgn>apt-get</" -"prgn>. Ambos ofrecen una manera de instalar y desinstalar paquetes, así como " -"descargar paquetes nuevos de Internet." +"El paquete APT contiene a día de hoy dos secciones, el método " +"<command>dselect</command> y la interfaz de usuario para la línea de órdenes " +"<command>apt-get</command>. Ambos ofrecen una manera de instalar y " +"desinstalar paquetes, así como descargar paquetes nuevos de Internet." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:39 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:57 msgid "Anatomy of the Package System" msgstr "Anatomía del sistema de paquetes" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:44 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:59 msgid "" "The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated " "with each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into " @@ -8656,8 +8673,8 @@ msgstr "" "asociada a cada paquete para asegurar una integración sencilla y limpia en " "el sistema. La característica más importante es el sistema de dependencias." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:52 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:64 msgid "" "The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared " "elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently " @@ -8672,8 +8689,8 @@ msgstr "" "permite elegir el agente de transporte del correo electrónico, el servidor " "de X y demás." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:71 msgid "" "The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the " "concept of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a " @@ -8685,8 +8702,8 @@ msgstr "" "simple es que un paquete requiere que otro también esté instalado para poder " "funcionar correctamente." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:76 msgid "" "For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email " "with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a " @@ -8698,8 +8715,8 @@ msgstr "" "una dependencia simple con GPG. Como también es una extensión de emacs tiene " "una dependencia simple con emacs, ya que sin él mailcrypt es inservible." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:73 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:82 msgid "" "The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It " "means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and " @@ -8720,8 +8737,8 @@ msgstr "" "sistema, y por ello todos los agentes de transporte de correo tienen una " "dependencia de conflicto con todos los demás." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:83 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:92 msgid "" "As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend " "to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are " @@ -8741,8 +8758,8 @@ msgstr "" "dependerán de «mail-transport-agent». Esto puede añadir confusión al " "intentar arreglar paquetes manualmente." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:102 msgid "" "At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are " "already installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency " @@ -8754,94 +8771,102 @@ msgstr "" "asistir en la resolución de problemas de dependencias mediante un número de " "algoritmos automáticos que ayudan en la selección de paquetes a instalar." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:111 msgid "apt-get" msgstr "apt-get" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:102 -msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> provides a simple way to install packages from the " -"command line. Unlike <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> does not " -"understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and can only " -"install .deb archives from a <em>Source</em>." -msgstr "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> ofrece una forma sencilla de instalar paquetes desde la " -"línea de órdenes. A diferencia de <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> no " -"intenta comprender los ficheros «.deb», sino que funciona con el nombre real " -"del paquete y sólo puede instalar ficheros «.deb» desde una <em>fuente</em>." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:109 -msgid "" -"The first <footnote><p>If you are using an http proxy server you must set " -"the http_proxy environment variable first, see sources.list(5)</p></" -"footnote> thing that should be done before using <prgn>apt-get</prgn> is to " -"fetch the package lists from the <em>Sources</em> so that it knows what " -"packages are available. This is done with <tt>apt-get update</tt>. For " -"instance," -msgstr "" -"La primera <footnote><p>Si está usando un servidor proxy primero debe " -"definir la variable de entorno http_proxy, consulte sources.list (5).</p></" -"footnote> cosa que debería hacer antes de usar <prgn>apt-get</prgn> es " -"obtener las listas de paquetes desde las <em>fuentes</em> para así conocer " -"los paquetes disponibles. Puede hacer esto mediante <tt>apt-get update</tt>. " +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:113 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> provides a simple way to install packages from " +"the command line. Unlike <command>dpkg</command>, <command>apt-get</command> " +"does not understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and " +"can only install .deb archives from a <emphasis>Source</emphasis>." +msgstr "" +"<command>apt-get</command> ofrece una forma sencilla de instalar paquetes " +"desde la línea de órdenes. A diferencia de <command>dpkg</command>, " +"<command>apt-get</command> no intenta comprender los ficheros «.deb», sino " +"que funciona con el nombre real del paquete y sólo puede instalar ficheros «." +"deb» desde una <emphasis>fuente</emphasis>." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"If you are using an http proxy server you must set the http_proxy " +"environment variable first, see sources.list(5)" +msgstr "" +"Si está usando un servidor proxy primero debe definir la variable de entorno " +"http_proxy, consulte sources.list (5)." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"The first <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> thing that should be " +"done before using <command>apt-get</command> is to fetch the package lists " +"from the <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> so that it knows what packages are " +"available. This is done with <literal>apt-get update</literal>. For instance," +msgstr "" +"La primera <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> cosa que debería hacer " +"antes de usar <command>apt-get</command> es obtener las listas de paquetes " +"desde las <emphasis>fuentes</emphasis> para así conocer los paquetes " +"disponibles. Puede hacer esto mediante <literal>apt-get update</literal>. " "Por ejemplo," -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:116 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Des http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Des http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Leyendo lista de paquetes... Hecho\n" -"Creando árbol de dependencias... Hecho" +"Creando árbol de dependencias... Hecho\n" -#. type: <p><taglist> -#: guide.sgml:120 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:134 msgid "Once updated there are several commands that can be used:" msgstr "Puede usar varias órdenes después de actualizar:" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:121 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:138 msgid "upgrade" msgstr "upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:141 msgid "" "Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never " "install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever " "upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break. This can be " "used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade will list all of " "the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually means that they depend " -"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <prgn>dselect</prgn> or " -"<tt>apt-get install</tt> can be used to force these packages to install." +"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <command>dselect</" +"command> or <literal>apt-get install</literal> can be used to force these " +"packages to install." msgstr "" "«upgrade» intentará actualizar con cuidado todo el sistema. «upgrade» nunca " "intentará instalar un paquete nuevo o eliminar un paquete existente, y en " "ningún caso actualizará un paquete que pueda causar un problema de " "dependencias rotas a otro paquete. «upgrade» mostrará todos los paquetes que " "no pudo actualizar, lo cual generalmente significa que dependen de paquetes " -"nuevos o que entran en conflicto con otro paquete. Puede usar <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> o <tt>apt-get install</tt> para forzar la instalación de tales " -"paquetes." +"nuevos o que entran en conflicto con otro paquete. Puede usar " +"<command>dselect</command> o <literal>apt-get install</literal> para forzar " +"la instalación de tales paquetes." -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:153 msgid "install" msgstr "install" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:156 msgid "" "Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically " "fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of " @@ -8859,33 +8884,34 @@ msgstr "" "dependencias con los paquetes listados, y mostrará un resumen al pedir una " "confirmación en caso de modificar cualquiera de los argumentos introducidos." -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:167 msgid "dist-upgrade" msgstr "dist-upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:170 msgid "" "Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between " "releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best " "set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system " "to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use dist-" "upgrade rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> can be used to install any packages that may have been left out." +"<command>dselect</command>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then " +"<command>dselect</command> can be used to install any packages that may have " +"been left out." msgstr "" "«dist-upgrade» es una actualizador completo diseñado para simplificar la " "actualización entre publicaciones de Debian. Utiliza un sofisticado " "algoritmo para diseñar el mejor conjunto de paquetes a instalar, actualizar " "y eliminar para así obtener cuanto sea posible de la última publicación. " "Puede que en algunas situaciones desee usar «dist-upgrade» en lugar de pasar " -"tiempo resolviendo dependencias con <prgn>dselect</prgn>. Puede usar " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> para instalar cualquier paquete que se haya quedado " -"atrás." +"tiempo resolviendo dependencias con <command>dselect</command>. Puede usar " +"<command>dselect</command> para instalar cualquier paquete que se haya " +"quedado atrás." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:152 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:180 msgid "" "It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its " "decisions may sometimes be quite surprising." @@ -8893,167 +8919,163 @@ msgstr "" "Es importante revisar lo que «dist-upgrade» planea hacer, ya que sus " "decisiones a veces pueden resultar sorprendentes." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:163 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed " -#| "in its man page, <manref section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. The most useful " -#| "option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -#| "system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -#| "start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is " -#| "used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the " -#| "command that caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." -msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed in " -"its man page, <manref name=\"apt-get\" section=\"8\">. The most useful " -"option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -"system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -"start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is used " -"the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the command that " -"caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." -msgstr "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> ofrece varias opciones de línea de órdenes detalladas " -"en su página de manual, <manref section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. La opción " -"más útil es <tt>-d</tt>, que no instala los ficheros obtenidos. Puede que no " +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:187 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are " +"detailed in its man page, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The most useful " +"option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the fetched files. If " +"the system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired " +"to start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <literal>-d</" +"literal> is used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running " +"the command that caused them to be downloaded again without <literal>-d</" +"literal>." +msgstr "" +"<command>apt-get</command> ofrece varias opciones de línea de órdenes " +"detalladas en su página de manual, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. La opción más útil es " +"<literal>-d</literal>, que no instala los ficheros obtenidos. Puede que no " "desee instalar los paquetes de inicio si el sistema se tiene que descargar " -"un gran número de éstos, en caso de que algo vaya mal. Cuando usa <tt>-d</" -"tt> puede instalar los ficheros descargados simplemente ejecutando la orden " -"que provocó su descarga, sin <tt>-d</tt>." +"un gran número de éstos, en caso de que algo vaya mal. Cuando usa <literal>-" +"d</literal> puede instalar los ficheros descargados simplemente ejecutando " +"la orden que provocó su descarga, sin <literal>-d</literal>." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:168 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:199 msgid "DSelect" msgstr "DSelect" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:173 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:201 msgid "" -"The APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method provides the complete APT system with " -"the <prgn>dselect</prgn> package selection GUI. <prgn>dselect</prgn> is used " -"to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT actually installs " -"them." +"The APT <command>dselect</command> method provides the complete APT system " +"with the <command>dselect</command> package selection GUI. <command>dselect</" +"command> is used to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT " +"actually installs them." msgstr "" -"El método <prgn>dselect</prgn> de APT ofrece el sistema completo de APT con " -"la interfaz gráfica de selección de paquetes <prgn>dselect</prgn>. " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> se usa para seleccionar los paquetes a instalar o " -"desinstalar que en realidad instalará APT." +"El método <command>dselect</command> de APT ofrece el sistema completo de " +"APT con la interfaz gráfica de selección de paquetes <command>dselect</" +"command>. <command>dselect</command> se usa para seleccionar los paquetes a " +"instalar o desinstalar que en realidad instalará APT." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:184 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:207 msgid "" -"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " -"<em>Sources</em> which are places to fetch archives from. These can be " -"remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source can " -"provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " +"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <command>dselect</" +"command> and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " +"<emphasis>Sources</emphasis> which are places to fetch archives from. These " +"can be remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source " +"can provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " "combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CD-ROM then " "it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you " "have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use packages on " "your CD-ROM before downloading from the Internet." msgstr "" "Para habilitar el método APT tiene que seleccionar [M]étodo en " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>, y después seleccionar el método APT. Se le pedirá un " -"conjunto de <em>fuentes</em>, ubicaciones de donde obtener los ficheros. " -"Pueden ser sitios remotos de Internet, replicas locales de Debian o discos " -"ópticos. Cada fuente puede proporcionar un fragmento del total del archivo " -"Debian, los cuales APT combinará automáticamente para formar un conjunto " -"completo de paquetes. Si tiene un disco óptico es una buena idea definirlo " -"primero en el fichero de configuración y después especificar una replica " -"para así tener acceso a los últimos arreglos de fallos. APT usará " -"automáticamente los paquetes del disco óptico en lugar de descargarlos de " -"Internet." - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:198 +"<command>dselect</command>, y después seleccionar el método APT. Se le " +"pedirá un conjunto de <emphasis>fuentes</emphasis>, ubicaciones de donde " +"obtener los ficheros. Pueden ser sitios remotos de Internet, replicas " +"locales de Debian o discos ópticos. Cada fuente puede proporcionar un " +"fragmento del total del archivo Debian, los cuales APT combinará " +"automáticamente para formar un conjunto completo de paquetes. Si tiene un " +"disco óptico es una buena idea definirlo primero en el fichero de " +"configuración y después especificar una replica para así tener acceso a los " +"últimos arreglos de fallos. APT usará automáticamente los paquetes del disco " +"óptico en lugar de descargarlos de Internet." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:218 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" msgstr "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:232 msgid "" -"The <em>Sources</em> setup starts by asking for the base of the Debian " -"archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution to " -"get." +"The <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> setup starts by asking for the base of the " +"Debian archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the " +"distribution to get." msgstr "" -"La configuración de las <em>fuentes</em> comienza preguntando la base del " -"archivo de Debian, cuyo valor predeterminado es una réplica HTTP. A " +"La configuración de las <emphasis>fuentes</emphasis> comienza preguntando la " +"base del archivo de Debian, cuyo valor predeterminado es una réplica HTTP. A " "continuación, preguntará la distribución a obtener." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:212 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:237 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" msgstr "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:222 -msgid "" -"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, <em>stable</" -"em> refers to the latest released version and <em>unstable</em> refers to " -"the developmental version. <em>non-US</em> is only available on some mirrors " -"and refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things " -"that cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages " -"into the US is legal however." -msgstr "" -"La distribución se refiere a la versión de Debian en el archivo, <em>stable</" -"em> (estable) se refiere a la última versión publicada, y <em>unstable</em> " -"(inestable) se refiere a la versión en desarrollo. <em>non-US</em> sólo está " -"disponible en algunas réplicas, aquellos paquetes que contienen tecnología " -"cifrada y otras cosas que no se pueden exportar desde los Estados Unidos. " -"Aun así, importar estos paquetes a E.E.U.U es ilegal." - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:228 +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:244 +msgid "" +"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, " +"<emphasis>stable</emphasis> refers to the latest released version and " +"<emphasis>unstable</emphasis> refers to the developmental version. " +"<emphasis>non-US</emphasis> is only available on some mirrors and refers to " +"packages that contain encryption technology or other things that cannot be " +"exported from the United States. Importing these packages into the US is " +"legal however." +msgstr "" +"La distribución se refiere a la versión de Debian en el archivo, " +"<emphasis>stable</emphasis> (estable) se refiere a la última versión " +"publicada, y <emphasis>unstable</emphasis> (inestable) se refiere a la " +"versión en desarrollo. <emphasis>non-US</emphasis> sólo está disponible en " +"algunas réplicas, aquellos paquetes que contienen tecnología cifrada y otras " +"cosas que no se pueden exportar desde los Estados Unidos. Aun así, importar " +"estos paquetes a E.E.U.U es ilegal." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:253 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Components [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Components [main contrib non-free]:\n" msgstr "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Components [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Components [main contrib non-free]:\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:236 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:259 msgid "" "The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The " "distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free " @@ -9066,8 +9088,8 @@ msgstr "" "«non-free» contienen paquetes con restricciones en cuanto a su uso y " "distribución." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:240 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:265 msgid "" "Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt " "until you have specified all that you want." @@ -9075,23 +9097,24 @@ msgstr "" "Puede añadir cualquier número de fuentes, el script de configuración le " "preguntará por fuentes hasta que el usuario defina todo lo que quiera." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:247 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:269 msgid "" -"Before starting to use <prgn>dselect</prgn> it is necessary to update the " -"available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> that makes the fetched information available to " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. [U]pdate must be performed even if <tt>apt-get update</" -"tt> has been run before." +"Before starting to use <command>dselect</command> it is necessary to update " +"the available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset " +"of <literal>apt-get update</literal> that makes the fetched information " +"available to <command>dselect</command>. [U]pdate must be performed even if " +"<literal>apt-get update</literal> has been run before." msgstr "" "Es necesario actualizar la lista disponible mediante el elemento de menú " -"[A]ctualizar antes de iniciar <prgn>dselect</prgn>. Éste es un superconjunto " -"de <tt>apt-get update</tt> que permite a <prgn>dselect</prgn> disponer de la " -"información obtenida. Debe ejecutar [A]ctualizar aunque haya ejecutado " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> con anterioridad." +"[A]ctualizar antes de iniciar <command>dselect</command>. Éste es un " +"superconjunto de <literal>apt-get update</literal> que permite a " +"<command>dselect</command> disponer de la información obtenida. Debe " +"ejecutar [A]ctualizar aunque haya ejecutado <literal>apt-get update</" +"literal> con anterioridad." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:253 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:276 msgid "" "You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform " "the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and " @@ -9103,77 +9126,83 @@ msgstr "" "[C]onfig y [R]emove carecen de significado ya que la orden [I]nstall ejecuta " "ambos a la vez." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:258 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:282 msgid "" "By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they " -"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place <tt>Dselect::" -"clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place " +"<literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." msgstr "" "Por omisión, APT eliminará automáticamente los ficheros de paquete («.deb») " "una vez que se hayan instalado con éxito. Para modificar este " -"comportamiento, inserte <tt>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</tt> en «/etc/apt/apt." -"conf»." +"comportamiento, inserte <literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> en «/" +"etc/apt/apt.conf»." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:264 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:288 msgid "The Interface" msgstr "La interfaz" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:278 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:292 msgid "" -"Both that APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> share the " -"same interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what it will " -"do and then goes and does it. <footnote><p>The <prgn>dselect</prgn> method " -"actually is a set of wrapper scripts to <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. The method " -"actually provides more functionality than is present in <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"alone.</p></footnote> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " +"The <command>dselect</command> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts " +"to <command>apt-get</command>. The method actually provides more " +"functionality than is present in <command>apt-get</command> alone." +msgstr "" +"El método <command>dselect</command> es en realidad un conjunto de scripts " +"en torno a <command>apt-get</command>. En realidad, el método ofrece más " +"funcionalidad que la presente en <command>apt-get</command> por si mismo." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:290 +msgid "" +"Both that APT <command>dselect</command> method and <command>apt-get</" +"command> share the same interface. It is a simple system that generally " +"tells you what it will do and then goes and does it. <placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " "then will print out some informative status messages so that you can " "estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." msgstr "" -"El método <prgn>dselect</prgn> de APT y <prgn>apt-get</prgn> comparten la " -"misma interfaz. Es un sencillo programa que le informa de lo que va a hacer, " -"para después llevarlo a cabo. <footnote><p> El método <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"es en realidad un conjunto de scripts en torno a <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. En " -"realidad, el método ofrece más funcionalidad que la presente en <prgn>apt-" -"get</prgn> por si mismo. </p></footnote> Después de mostrar el resumen de lo " -"que va a pasar APT mostrará mensajes de estado informativos para ofrecer una " -"estimación de cuánto queda por hacer." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:280 +"El método <command>dselect</command> de APT y <command>apt-get</command> " +"comparten la misma interfaz. Es un sencillo programa que le informa de lo " +"que va a hacer, para después llevarlo a cabo. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/> Después de mostrar el resumen de lo que va a pasar APT mostrará " +"mensajes de estado informativos para ofrecer una estimación de cuánto queda " +"por hacer." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:301 msgid "Startup" msgstr "Arranque" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:284 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:303 msgid "" "Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to " "prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's state. " -"At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get check</" -"tt>." +"At any time these operations can be performed by running <literal>apt-get " +"check</literal>." msgstr "" "APT realiza un número de acciones para preparar su estado interno antes de " "cualquier operación, a excepción de «update». También realiza algunas " "revisiones del estado del sistema. Puede llevar a cabo estas acciones en " -"cualquier momento ejecutando <tt>apt-get check</tt>." +"cualquier momento ejecutando <literal>apt-get check</literal>." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:289 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:309 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Leyendo lista de paquetes... Hecho\n" -"Creando árbol de dependencias \n" -"Leyendo la información de estado... Hecho" +"Creando árbol de dependencias... Hecho\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:297 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:314 msgid "" "The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses " "a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is run. " @@ -9185,21 +9214,21 @@ msgstr "" "más rápida la segunda vez que la ejecute. De no encontrar algún fichero de " "paquete, éstos se ignorarán y verá una advertencia al finalizar apt-get." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:303 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:320 msgid "" "The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's " "dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked " "package and considers if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report " -"will be printed out and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will refuse to run." +"will be printed out and <command>apt-get</command> will refuse to run." msgstr "" "La última acción realiza un detallado análisis de las dependencias del " "sistema. Revisa cada dependencia de cada paquete instalado o sin " "desempaquetar analiza su validación. En caso de error aparecerá un informe, " -"y <prgn>apt-get</prgn> se negará a ejecutarse." +"y <command>apt-get</command> se negará a ejecutarse." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:320 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:326 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" @@ -9209,34 +9238,33 @@ msgid "" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Leyendo lista de paquetes... Hecho\n" -"Creando árbol de dependencias \n" -"Leyendo la información de estado... Hecho\n" -"Tal vez quiera ejecutar `apt-get -f install' para corregirlo.\n" +"Creando árbol de dependencias... Hecho\n" +"Tal vez quiera ejecutar 'apt-get -f install' para corregirlo.\n" "Los siguientes paquetes tienen dependencias incumplidas:\n" " 9fonts: Depende: xlib6g pero no está instalado\n" " uucp: Depende: mailx pero no está instalado\n" -" blast: Depende: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) pero no está instalado\n" +" blast: Depende: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) pero no está instalado\n" " adduser: Depende: perl-base pero no está instalado\n" " aumix: Depende: libgpmg1 pero no está instalado\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depende: sgml-base pero no está instalado\n" -" bash-builtins: Depende: bash (>= 2.01) pero 2.0-3 está instalado\n" +" bash-builtins: Depende: bash (>= 2.01) pero 2.0-3 está instalado\n" " cthugha: Depende: svgalibg1 pero no está instalado\n" -" Depende: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) pero no está instalado\n" -" libreadlineg2: Entra en conflicto:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depende: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) pero no está instalado\n" +" libreadlineg2: Entra en conflicto:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:329 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:343 msgid "" "In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem " "with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is " @@ -9250,86 +9278,95 @@ msgstr "" "dependencias no satisfechas. También incluye una explicación de porqué el " "paquete tiene un problema de dependencias." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:337 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:352 +msgid "" +"APT however considers all known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken " +"packages" +msgstr "" +"APT, de todas formas, considera todas las dependencias conocidas e intenta " +"prevenir paquetes rotos" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:350 msgid "" "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The first " -"is caused by <prgn>dpkg</prgn> missing some subtle relationships between " -"packages when performing upgrades. <footnote><p>APT however considers all " -"known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken packages</p></footnote>. " -"The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. In this " -"situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents being " -"installed." +"is caused by <command>dpkg</command> missing some subtle relationships " +"between packages when performing upgrades. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>. The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. " +"In this situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents " +"being installed." msgstr "" "Hay dos formas de que el sistema tenga un estado roto como éste. El primero " -"es causado por la omisión de <prgn>dpkg</prgn> de ciertas relaciones " -"delicadas entre paquetes al realizar una actualización. <footnote><p>APT, de " -"todas formas, considera todas las dependencias conocidas e intenta prevenir " -"paquetes rotos</p></footnote>. El segundo ocurre se la instalación de un " -"paquete falla durante la operación. En esta situación puede que un paquete " -"se haya desempaquetado sin que sus dependencias estuviesen instaladas " -"previamente." +"es causado por la omisión de <command>dpkg</command> de ciertas relaciones " +"delicadas entre paquetes al realizar una actualización. <placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>. El segundo ocurre se la instalación de un paquete " +"falla durante la operación. En esta situación puede que un paquete se haya " +"desempaquetado sin que sus dependencias estuviesen instaladas previamente." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:345 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:359 msgid "" "The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places " "certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases " -"supplying the <tt>-f</tt> option to <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will cause APT to " -"deduce a possible solution to the problem and then continue on. The APT " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> method always supplies the <tt>-f</tt> option to allow " -"for easy continuation of failed maintainer scripts." +"supplying the <literal>-f</literal> option to <command>apt-get</command> " +"will cause APT to deduce a possible solution to the problem and then " +"continue on. The APT <command>dselect</command> method always supplies the " +"<literal>-f</literal> option to allow for easy continuation of failed " +"maintainer scripts." msgstr "" "La segunda situación es mucho menos grave que la primera ya que APT define " "ciertos límites en el orden de instalación de los paquetes. En ambos casos, " -"introducir la opción <tt>-f</tt> a <prgn>apt-get</prgn> causará que APT " -"deduzca una posible solución al problema para después continuar. El método " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> de APT siempre ofrece la opción <tt>-f</tt> para " -"permitir una fácil continuación cuando existen scripts fallidos del " -"mantenedor." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:351 -msgid "" -"However, if the <tt>-f</tt> option is used to correct a seriously broken " -"system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either fail " -"immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either case it is " -"necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct " -"the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." -msgstr "" -"Aún así, de usar la opción <tt>-f</tt> para corregir un sistema gravemente " -"roto por el primer caso cabe que la acción falle inmediatamente o que la " -"secuencia de instalación se interrumpa. En cualquier caso es necesario usar " -"dpkg manualmente (puede que con opciones de forzado) para corregir la " -"situación lo suficiente como para que APT pueda continuar." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:356 +"introducir la opción <literal>-f</literal> a <command>apt-get</command> " +"causará que APT deduzca una posible solución al problema para después " +"continuar. El método <command>dselect</command> de APT siempre ofrece la " +"opción <literal>-f</literal> para permitir una fácil continuación cuando " +"existen scripts fallidos del mantenedor." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:368 +msgid "" +"However, if the <literal>-f</literal> option is used to correct a seriously " +"broken system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will " +"either fail immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either " +"case it is necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to " +"correct the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." +msgstr "" +"Aún así, de usar la opción <literal>-f</literal> para corregir un sistema " +"gravemente roto por el primer caso cabe que la acción falle inmediatamente o " +"que la secuencia de instalación se interrumpa. En cualquier caso es " +"necesario usar dpkg manualmente (puede que con opciones de forzado) para " +"corregir la situación lo suficiente como para que APT pueda continuar." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:376 msgid "The Status Report" msgstr "El informe de estado" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:363 -msgid "" -"Before proceeding <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will present a report on what will " -"happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed " -"but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists reflect the " -"final state of things, taking into account the <tt>-f</tt> option and any " -"other relevant activities to the command being executed." -msgstr "" -"Antes de proceder <prgn>apt-get</prgn> presentará un informe de lo que va a " -"ocurrir. Generalmente el informe refleja el tipo de operación a realizar, " -"pero hay ciertos elementos comunes. La lista refleja el estado final de las " -"cosas en todos los casos, teniendo en cuenta la opción <tt>-f</tt> y " -"cualquier otra actividad relevante a la orden ejecutada." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:364 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:378 +msgid "" +"Before proceeding <command>apt-get</command> will present a report on what " +"will happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being " +"performed but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists " +"reflect the final state of things, taking into account the <literal>-f</" +"literal> option and any other relevant activities to the command being " +"executed." +msgstr "" +"Antes de proceder <command>apt-get</command> presentará un informe de lo que " +"va a ocurrir. Generalmente el informe refleja el tipo de operación a " +"realizar, pero hay ciertos elementos comunes. La lista refleja el estado " +"final de las cosas en todos los casos, teniendo en cuenta la opción " +"<literal>-f</literal> y cualquier otra actividad relevante a la orden " +"ejecutada." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:385 msgid "The Extra Package list" msgstr "La lista de paquetes extras" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:372 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:387 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" @@ -9337,85 +9374,85 @@ msgid "" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" msgstr "" "Se instalarán los siguientes paquetes extras:\n" " libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl\n" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:379 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:395 msgid "" "The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or " "upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only " -"generated for an <tt>install</tt> command. The listed packages are often the " -"result of an Auto Install." +"generated for an <literal>install</literal> command. The listed packages are " +"often the result of an Auto Install." msgstr "" "La lista de paquetes extras muestra todos los paquetes que se van a instalar " "o actualizar en adición a aquellos mencionados en la línea de órdenes. Sólo " -"se genera para la orden <tt>install</tt>. Generalmente, los paquetes " -"listados son el resultado de una instalación automática." +"se genera para la orden <literal>install</literal>. Generalmente, los " +"paquetes listados son el resultado de una instalación automática." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:382 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:402 msgid "The Packages to Remove" msgstr "Los paquetes a eliminar" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:389 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:404 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" msgstr "" "Los siguientes paquetes se ELIMINARÁN:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:399 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:411 msgid "" "The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed " "from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be " "given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to be taken off. " -"The <tt>-f</tt> option is especially good at generating packages to remove " -"so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain packages " -"that are going to be removed because they are only partially installed, " -"possibly due to an aborted installation." +"The <literal>-f</literal> option is especially good at generating packages " +"to remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain " +"packages that are going to be removed because they are only partially " +"installed, possibly due to an aborted installation." msgstr "" "La lista de paquetes a eliminar muestra todos los paquetes que se van a " "eliminar del sistema. Puede aparecer durante cualquier operación, y se " "debería revisar cuidadosamente para asegurar que no se va a eliminar nada " -"importante. La opción <tt>-f</tt> puede generar varios paquetes a eliminar " -"así que se debe utilizar con precaución. La lista puede contener paquetes a " -"eliminar porque están parcialmente instalados, posiblemente debido a una " -"instalación interrumpida." +"importante. La opción <literal>-f</literal> puede generar varios paquetes a " +"eliminar así que se debe utilizar con precaución. La lista puede contener " +"paquetes a eliminar porque están parcialmente instalados, posiblemente " +"debido a una instalación interrumpida." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:402 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:421 msgid "The New Packages list" msgstr "La lista de paquetes nuevos" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:406 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:423 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" msgstr "" "Se instalarán los siguientes paquetes NUEVOS:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:411 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:427 msgid "" "The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages " "listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is " @@ -9425,57 +9462,57 @@ msgstr "" "Los paquetes listados no se encuentran instalados en el sistema pero lo " "estarán cuando APT finalice." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:414 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:432 msgid "The Kept Back list" msgstr "La lista de paquetes retenidos" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:419 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:434 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" msgstr "" "Los siguientes paquetes se han retenido:\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:428 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:439 msgid "" "Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that " "new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things " "or conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will " "appear in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed there " -"to install is with <tt>apt-get install</tt> or by using <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"to resolve their problems." +"to install is with <literal>apt-get install</literal> or by using " +"<command>dselect</command> to resolve their problems." msgstr "" "Puede que al actualizar el sistema por completo no se puedan instalar " "versiones nuevas de paquetes porque requieren nuevos elementos que entran en " "conflicto con paquetes ya instalados. En este caso, el paquete aparecerá en " "la lista de paquetes retenidos. La mejor manera de instalar paquetes " -"listados aquí es mediante <tt>apt-get install</tt> o mediante <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> para así resolver esos problemas." +"listados aquí es mediante <literal>apt-get install</literal> o mediante " +"<command>dselect</command> para así resolver esos problemas." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:431 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:448 msgid "Held Packages warning" msgstr "Advertencia de paquetes retenidos" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:435 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:450 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" msgstr "" "Se cambiarán los siguientes paquetes retenidos:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:441 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:454 msgid "" "Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a " "case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be changed. " @@ -9485,33 +9522,33 @@ msgstr "" "verá una advertencia de que el paquete retenido se va a modificar. Esto sólo " "debería ocurrir durante un «dist-upgrade» o un «install»." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:444 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:460 msgid "Final summary" msgstr "Resumen final" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:447 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:462 msgid "" "Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur." msgstr "" "Por último, APT mostrará un resumen de los cambios que se llevarán a cabo." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:452 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:465 #, no-wrap msgid "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" -"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." +"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used.\n" msgstr "" "206 paquetes actualizados, 8 se instalarán, 23 para eliminar y 51 no\n" "actualizados.\n" "12 paquetes no instalados del todo o eliminados.\n" -"Se necesita descargar 65.7M/66.7M de archivos. Se usarán 26.5M después de desempaquetar." +"Se necesita descargar 65.7M/66.7M de archivos. Se usarán 26.5M después de desempaquetar.\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:470 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:470 msgid "" "The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the " "lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already " @@ -9542,8 +9579,8 @@ msgstr "" "paquetes a eliminar el valor puede indicar la cantidad de espacio que se va " "a liberar." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:473 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:484 msgid "" "Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages " "to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples." @@ -9551,13 +9588,13 @@ msgstr "" "Puede generar otros informes con la opción «-u» para mostrar los paquetes a " "actualizar, similar a los ejemplos anteriores." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:477 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:491 msgid "The Status Display" msgstr "La pantalla de estado" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:481 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:493 msgid "" "During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of " "status messages." @@ -9565,8 +9602,8 @@ msgstr "" "APT muestra una serie de mensajes de estado en el transcurso de descargar " "ficheros de paquete y archivo." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:490 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:497 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" @@ -9575,7 +9612,7 @@ msgid "" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Des:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" @@ -9583,70 +9620,73 @@ msgstr "" "Obj http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Des:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "es:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free Esperando las cabeceras 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free Esperando las cabeceras 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:500 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:506 msgid "" -"The lines starting with <em>Get</em> are printed out when APT begins to " -"fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the download. The " -"first percent value on the progress line indicates the total percent done of " -"all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files is unknown " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> estimates the percent done which causes some " -"inaccuracies." +"The lines starting with <emphasis>Get</emphasis> are printed out when APT " +"begins to fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the " +"download. The first percent value on the progress line indicates the total " +"percent done of all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files " +"is unknown <literal>apt-get update</literal> estimates the percent done " +"which causes some inaccuracies." msgstr "" -"Las líneas comenzando con <em>Des</em> aparecen cuando APT inicia la " -"obtención de un fichero, mientras que la última línea indica el progreso de " -"la descarga. El primer valor porcentual en la barra de progreso indica el " -"porcentaje total de los ficheros ya descargados. Desafortunadamente, <tt>apt-" -"get update</tt> desconoce el tamaño de los ficheros de paquete y por ello " -"genera una estimación que puede ser inexacta." +"Las líneas comenzando con <emphasis>Des</emphasis> aparecen cuando APT " +"inicia la obtención de un fichero, mientras que la última línea indica el " +"progreso de la descarga. El primer valor porcentual en la barra de progreso " +"indica el porcentaje total de los ficheros ya descargados. " +"Desafortunadamente, <literal>apt-get update</literal> desconoce el tamaño de " +"los ficheros de paquete y por ello genera una estimación que puede ser " +"inexacta." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:509 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:514 msgid "" "The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download " "thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful " "information about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read " -"<em>Forking</em> which means the OS is loading the download module. The " -"first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the history lines. " -"The next word is the short form name of the object being downloaded. For " -"archives it will contain the name of the package that is being fetched." +"<emphasis>Forking</emphasis> which means the OS is loading the download " +"module. The first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the " +"history lines. The next word is the short form name of the object being " +"downloaded. For archives it will contain the name of the package that is " +"being fetched." msgstr "" "La siguiente sección de la línea de estado se repite por cada instancia de " "descarga e indica la operación realizada, así como información útil relativa " -"a lo que está pasando. Puede que esta sección sólo muestre <em>Forking</em>, " -"lo cual significa que el sistema operativo está cargando el módulo de " -"descargas. La primera palabra después de «[» es el número de obtención tal y " -"como se muestra en la línea del histórico. La siguiente palabra es la forma " -"corta del nombre del objeto en descarga. Al conectarse con los archivos, " -"contendrá el nombre del paquete obtenido." +"a lo que está pasando. Puede que esta sección sólo muestre " +"<emphasis>Forking</emphasis>, lo cual significa que el sistema operativo " +"está cargando el módulo de descargas. La primera palabra después de «[» es " +"el número de obtención tal y como se muestra en la línea del histórico. La " +"siguiente palabra es la forma corta del nombre del objeto en descarga. Al " +"conectarse con los archivos, contendrá el nombre del paquete obtenido." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:524 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:524 msgid "" "Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress " "of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from " -"<em>Connecting</em> to <em>Waiting for file</em> to <em>Downloading</em> or " -"<em>Resuming</em>. The final value is the number of bytes downloaded from " -"the remote site. Once the download begins this is represented as " -"<tt>102/10.2k</tt> indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 " -"kilobytes is expected. The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation " -"to preserve space. After the size display is a percent meter for the file " -"itself. The second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This " -"values is updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for " -"that period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated " -"regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown transfer " -"rate." +"<emphasis>Connecting</emphasis> to <emphasis>Waiting for file</emphasis> to " +"<emphasis>Downloading</emphasis> or <emphasis>Resuming</emphasis>. The final " +"value is the number of bytes downloaded from the remote site. Once the " +"download begins this is represented as <literal>102/10.2k</literal> " +"indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is expected. " +"The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve space. After " +"the size display is a percent meter for the file itself. The second last " +"element is the instantaneous average speed. This values is updated every 5 " +"seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for that period. Finally is " +"shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated regularly and reflects " +"the time to complete everything at the shown transfer rate." msgstr "" "Una cadena informativa aparecerá entre comillas simples indicando el " "progreso de la fase de negociación de la descarga. Generalmente progresa de " -"<em>Conectando</em> a <em>Esperando fichero</em>, finalizando con " -"<em>Descargando</em> o <em>Continuando</em>. El último valor es el número de " -"bytes descargados desde el sitio remoto. Una vez que la descarga arranque se " -"representará como <tt>102/10.2k</tt> indicando que ya se han obtenido 102 " -"bytes y que se esperan 10.2 kilobytes. El tamaño total siempre aparece con " -"la notación de la figura 4 para conservar espacio. A continuación aparece un " +"<emphasis>Conectando</emphasis> a <emphasis>Esperando fichero</emphasis>, " +"finalizando con <emphasis>Descargando</emphasis> o <emphasis>Continuando</" +"emphasis>. El último valor es el número de bytes descargados desde el sitio " +"remoto. Una vez que la descarga arranque se representará como " +"<literal>102/10.2k</literal> indicando que ya se han obtenido 102 bytes y " +"que se esperan 10.2 kilobytes. El tamaño total siempre aparece con la " +"notación de la figura 4 para conservar espacio. A continuación aparece un " "medidor porcentual del fichero. El penúltimo elemento es la media " "instantánea de velocidad. Estos valores se actualizan cada 5 segundos y " "reflejan la tasa de descarga de datos de ese periodo. Por último puede ver " @@ -9654,56 +9694,51 @@ msgstr "" "refleja el tiempo restante para completar todo tal y como se ve en la tasa " "de transferencia visible." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:530 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:539 msgid "" "The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback " "on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file " "is started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is unsuitable " -"for logging to a file, use the <tt>-q</tt> option to remove the status " -"display." +"for logging to a file, use the <literal>-q</literal> option to remove the " +"status display." msgstr "" "La pantalla de estado se actualiza cada medio segundo para ofrecer una " "constante información del progreso de la descarga, mientras que las líneas " "«Des» se desplazan hacia atrás cuando se inicia la descarga de otro fichero. " "Ya que la pantalla de estado se actualiza constantemente carece de utilidad " -"para su registro en un fichero. Puede usar la opción <tt>-q</tt> para omitir " -"la pantalla de estado." +"para su registro en un fichero. Puede usar la opción <literal>-q</literal> " +"para omitir la pantalla de estado." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:535 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:547 msgid "Dpkg" msgstr "Dpkg" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:542 -msgid "" -"APT uses <prgn>dpkg</prgn> for installing the archives and will switch over " -"to the <prgn>dpkg</prgn> interface once downloading is completed. " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> will also ask a number of questions as it processes the " -"packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. Before " -"each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and the " -"questions are too varied to discuss completely here." -msgstr "" -"APT usa <prgn>dpkg</prgn> para instalar ficheros, y pasará a interactuar con " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> al finalizar la descarga. <prgn>dpkg</prgn> también " -"planteará un número de preguntas a medida que procesa los paquetes, los " -"cuales también pueden formular preguntas. A cada pregunta generalmente le " -"precede una descripción de la pregunta en sí. Éstas son demasiado variadas " -"como para poder tratarlas aquí en su totalidad." - -#. type: <title></title> -#: offline.sgml:4 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:549 +msgid "" +"APT uses <command>dpkg</command> for installing the archives and will switch " +"over to the <command>dpkg</command> interface once downloading is completed. " +"<command>dpkg</command> will also ask a number of questions as it processes " +"the packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. " +"Before each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and " +"the questions are too varied to discuss completely here." +msgstr "" +"APT usa <command>dpkg</command> para instalar ficheros, y pasará a " +"interactuar con <command>dpkg</command> al finalizar la descarga. " +"<command>dpkg</command> también planteará un número de preguntas a medida " +"que procesa los paquetes, los cuales también pueden formular preguntas. A " +"cada pregunta generalmente le precede una descripción de la pregunta en sí. " +"Éstas son demasiado variadas como para poder tratarlas aquí en su totalidad." + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: offline.dbk:10 msgid "Using APT Offline" msgstr "Uso de APT Offline" -#. type: <version></version> -#: offline.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" - -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: offline.sgml:12 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: offline.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, " "specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades." @@ -9711,23 +9746,25 @@ msgstr "" "Este documento describe el uso de APT en un entorno sin conexión a red, " "específicamente una aproximación «sneaker-net» a la tarea de actualización." -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: offline.sgml:16 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: offline.dbk:29 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" +"<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:47 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Introducción" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:34 offline.sgml:65 offline.sgml:180 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:49 offline.dbk:79 offline.dbk:191 msgid "Overview" msgstr "Resumen" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:40 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:51 msgid "" "Normally APT requires direct access to a Debian archive, either from a local " "media or through a network. Another common complaint is that a Debian " @@ -9740,8 +9777,8 @@ msgstr "" "de un módem, y otra máquina físicamente lejos dispone de una conexión muy " "rápida." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:51 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:57 msgid "" "The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a " "SuperDisk disc. These discs are not large enough to store the entire Debian " @@ -9749,9 +9786,9 @@ msgid "" "to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch " "them onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is even " "possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely " -"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <em>remote host</em> mean " -"the machine downloading the packages, and <em>target host</em> the one with " -"bad or no connection." +"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <emphasis>remote host</" +"emphasis> mean the machine downloading the packages, and <emphasis>target " +"host</emphasis> the one with bad or no connection." msgstr "" "La solución a esto es usar dispositivos extraíbles de gran capacidad tales " "como un disco Zip o uno SuperDisk. Estos discos no tienen la suficiente " @@ -9761,11 +9798,12 @@ msgstr "" "almacenarlos en un disco usando el sistema que tiene una conexión rápida. Es " "incluso posible usar otro sistema Debian con APT, o usar un sistema " "operativo totalmente distinto junto con una herramienta de descarga como " -"wget. Digamos que el <em>sistema remoto</em> es aquél que descarga los " -"paquetes, y <em>sistema destino</em> es aquél con poca o ninguna conexión." +"wget. Digamos que el <emphasis>sistema remoto</emphasis> es aquél que " +"descarga los paquetes, y <emphasis>sistema destino</emphasis> es aquél con " +"poca o ninguna conexión." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:68 msgid "" "This is achieved by creatively manipulating the APT configuration file. The " "essential premise to tell APT to look on a disc for it's archive files. Note " @@ -9778,13 +9816,13 @@ msgstr "" "de un sistema de ficheros capaz de gestionar nombres largos de ficheros, " "tales como ext2, fat32 o vfat." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:77 msgid "Using APT on both machines" msgstr "Uso de APT en ambas máquinas" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:71 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:81 msgid "" "APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The " "basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the " @@ -9797,8 +9835,8 @@ msgstr "" "paquete y decidir qué paquetes descargar. La estructura de directorios del " "disco debería tener este aspecto:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:80 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:87 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /disc/\n" @@ -9808,7 +9846,7 @@ msgid "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" msgstr "" " /disc/\n" " archives/\n" @@ -9817,42 +9855,43 @@ msgstr "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:98 msgid "The configuration file" msgstr "El fichero de configuración" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:100 msgid "" "The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and to " "use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should " "contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and " -"the status file should be a copy of <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> from the " -"<em>target host</em>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must " -"use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." +"the status file should be a copy of <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</" +"emphasis> from the <emphasis>target host</emphasis>. Please note, if you are " +"using a local archive you must use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to " +"file URIs." msgstr "" "El fichero de configuración debería indicar a APT que guarde los ficheros en " "el disco, y también utilizar los ficheros de configuración en el disco. El " "fichero «sources.list» debería contener los sitios apropiados que desea " "utilizar desde el sistema remoto, y el fichero de estado debería ser una " -"copia de <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> del <em>sistema destino</em>. Tenga " -"en cuenta que si usa un archivo local debe usar el URI «copy», de idéntica " -"sintaxis al URI «file»." +"copia de <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> del <emphasis>sistema " +"destino</emphasis>. Tenga en cuenta que si usa un archivo local debe usar el " +"URI «copy», de idéntica sintaxis al URI «file»." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:100 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:108 msgid "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> must contain the necessary information to make APT use the " -"disc:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> must contain the necessary information to make " +"APT use the disc:" msgstr "" -"<em>apt-conf</em> debe contener toda la información necesaria para que APT " -"use el disco:" +"<emphasis>apt-conf</emphasis> debe contener toda la información necesaria " +"para que APT use el disco:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:124 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:112 #, no-wrap msgid "" " APT\n" @@ -9860,10 +9899,10 @@ msgid "" " /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" @@ -9874,20 +9913,20 @@ msgid "" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" msgstr "" " APT\n" " {\n" " /* Esto no es necesario si ambos sistemas tienen la misma arquitectura,\n" " informa al APT remoto la arquitectura del sistema destino */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use el disco para información de estado y redireccionar el fichero de\n" @@ -9898,67 +9937,70 @@ msgstr "" " // Los cachés binarios se guardan localmente\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Ubicación del fichero de fuentes.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:129 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:137 msgid "" "More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample " -"configuration file in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"configuration file in <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</" +"emphasis>." msgstr "" "Para más detalles consulte la página de manual y el fichero de configuración " -"de ejemplo en <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"de ejemplo en <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</emphasis>." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:136 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:142 msgid "" -"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy <em>/" -"var/lib/dpkg/status</em> to it. You will also need to create the directories " -"outlined in the Overview, <em>archives/partial/</em> and <em>lists/partial/</" -"em>. Then take the disc to the remote machine and configure the sources." -"list. On the remote machine execute the following:" +"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy " +"<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> to it. You will also need to " +"create the directories outlined in the Overview, <emphasis>archives/partial/" +"</emphasis> and <emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Then take the disc to " +"the remote machine and configure the sources.list. On the remote machine " +"execute the following:" msgstr "" "Lo primero que debe hacer en el sistema destino es montar el disco y guardar " -"en él una copia de <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em>. También debe crear los " -"directorios definidos en el Resumen, <em>archives/partial/</em> y <em>lists/" -"partial/</em>. Después, lleve el disco hasta el sistema remoto y configure " -"«sources.list». Ejecute lo siguiente en el sistema remoto:" - -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:142 +"en él una copia de <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis>. También debe " +"crear los directorios definidos en el Resumen, <emphasis>archives/partial/</" +"emphasis> y <emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Después, lleve el disco " +"hasta el sistema remoto y configure «sources.list». Ejecute lo siguiente en " +"el sistema remoto:" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:151 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT fetches the package files ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]" +" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT obtiene los ficheros de paquete ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ APT obtiene todos los paquetes necesarios para actualizar el sistema\n" -" destino ]" +" destino ]\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:158 msgid "" "The dist-upgrade command can be replaced with any other standard APT " "commands, particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end " -"such as <em>dselect</em>. However this presents a problem in communicating " -"your selections back to the local computer." +"such as <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. However this presents a problem in " +"communicating your selections back to the local computer." msgstr "" "Puede reemplazar la orden «dist-upgrade» con cualquiera otra orden estándar " "de APT, en especial «dselect-upgrade». Incluso puede usar una interfaz de " -"APT como <em>dselect</em>. Sin embargo, esto presenta un problema al " -"informar después de sus selecciones al sistema remoto." +"APT como <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. Sin embargo, esto presenta un " +"problema al informar después de sus selecciones al sistema remoto." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:153 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:164 msgid "" "Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade " "the target machine. Take the disc back and run:" @@ -9966,24 +10008,24 @@ msgstr "" "Ahora el disco contiene todos los ficheros de índice y archivo necesarios " "para actualizar el sistema destino. Inserte el disco otra vez y ejecute:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:159 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:168 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT generates a local copy of the cache files ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Or any other APT command ]" +" [ Or any other APT command ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT genera una copia local de los ficheros de caché ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ O cualquiera otra orden de APT ]" +" [ O cualquiera otra orden de APT ]\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:165 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:175 msgid "" "It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the " "local one. This is very important!" @@ -9991,8 +10033,8 @@ msgstr "" "Para un correcto funcionamiento debe definir nuevamente el fichero de estado " "local. Tiene una importancia crucial." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:172 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:179 msgid "" "If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying disc/" "status to /var/lib/dpkg/status so that any selections you made on the remote " @@ -10006,24 +10048,25 @@ msgstr "" "en el sistema local, aunque puede que no sea posible. NO copie el fichero de " "estado si dpkg o APT se han ejecutado mientras tanto." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:178 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:189 msgid "Using APT and wget" msgstr "Uso de APT y wget" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:185 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:193 msgid "" -"<em>wget</em> is a popular and portable download tool that can run on nearly " -"any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian machine " -"already has a list of available packages." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> is a popular and portable download tool that can " +"run on nearly any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the " +"Debian machine already has a list of available packages." msgstr "" -"<em>wget</em> es una herramienta de descarga muy popular que funciona " -"prácticamente en cualquier sistema. A diferencia del método anterior, " -"requiere que el sistema Debian tenga una lista de paquetes disponibles." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> es una herramienta de descarga muy popular que " +"funciona prácticamente en cualquier sistema. A diferencia del método " +"anterior, requiere que el sistema Debian tenga una lista de paquetes " +"disponibles." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:190 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:198 msgid "" "The basic idea is to create a disc that has only the archive files " "downloaded from the remote site. This is done by using the --print-uris " @@ -10035,13 +10078,13 @@ msgstr "" "get «--print-uris», para después preparar un script de wget que finalmente " "obtendrá los paquetes." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:196 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:204 msgid "Operation" msgstr "Operación" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:200 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:206 msgid "" "Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are required. " "We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list." @@ -10050,23 +10093,23 @@ msgstr "" "configuración especial. Solo se utilizan órdenes estándar de APT para " "generar el fichero con la lista." -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:210 #, no-wrap msgid "" -" # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" +" # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" msgstr "" " # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" " [ Pulse no cuando se le pregunte, asegúrese de estar conforme con las\n" " acciones ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:210 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:216 msgid "" "Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including dselect-" "upgrade." @@ -10074,8 +10117,8 @@ msgstr "" "Se puede utilizar cualquier otra orden aparte de «dist-upgrade», incluyendo " "«dselect-upgrade»." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:216 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:220 msgid "" "The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to " "execute in order to fetch the necessary archives. This script should be run " @@ -10087,25 +10130,25 @@ msgstr "" "ejecutar en el directorio del punto de montaje del disco para poder guardar " "la salida en el disco." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:219 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:226 msgid "The remote machine would do something like" msgstr "El sistema remoto haría algo como" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:223 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:229 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ wait.. ]" +" [ wait.. ]\n" msgstr "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ wait.. ]" +" [ wait.. ]\n" -#. type: </example><example> -#: offline.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:234 msgid "" "Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine " "installation can proceed using," @@ -10113,14 +10156,14 @@ msgstr "" "Una vez que los archivos se han descargado y el disco está finalmente " "conectado al sistema Debian, ejecute la instalación con lo siguiente." -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:230 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:238 #, no-wrap -msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" -msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" +msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" +msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:234 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:241 msgid "Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc." msgstr "Esto utiliza los archivos del disco previamente obtenidos." diff --git a/doc/po/fr.po b/doc/po/fr.po index f44f24081..be944698b 100644 --- a/doc/po/fr.po +++ b/doc/po/fr.po @@ -1,17 +1,32 @@ -# Translation of apt package man pages -# Copyright (C) 2000-2009 Debian French l10n team <debian-l10n-french@lists.debian.org> -# This file is distributed under the same license as the apt package. +# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE. +# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. +# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR. # -# Translators: -# Jérôme Marant, 2000. -# Philippe Batailler, 2005. -# Christian Perrier <bubulle@debian.org>, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. +#, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: \n" -"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team <deity@lists.debian.org>\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-06-19 12:02+0200\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-01 14:00+0200\n" +"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-07-08 13:28+0200\n" +"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" +"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n" +"MIME-Version: 1.0\n" +"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n" +"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" + +#~ # Translation of apt package man pages +#~ # Copyright (C) 2000-2009 Debian French l10n team <debian-l10n-french@lists.debian.org> +#~ # This file is distributed under the same license as the apt package. +#~ # +#~ # Translators: +#~ # Jérôme Marant, 2000. +#~ # Philippe Batailler, 2005. +#~ # Christian Perrier <bubulle@debian.org>, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013. +#~ msgid "" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Project-Id-Version: \n" +#~ "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team <deity@lists.debian.org>\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-07-03 22:15+0200\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-07-04 01:28+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Christian Perrier <bubulle@debian.org>\n" "Language-Team: French <debian-l10n-french@lists.debian.org>\n" "Language: fr\n" @@ -8515,36 +8530,53 @@ msgstr "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> retourne zéro si tout se passe bien, le " "nombre 100 en cas d'erreur." -#. type: <title></title> -#: guide.sgml:4 +#. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book> +#: guide.dbk:8 offline.dbk:8 +msgid "en" +msgstr "fr" + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: guide.dbk:10 msgid "APT User's Guide" msgstr "Guide d'utilisation d'APT" -#. type: <author></author> -#: guide.sgml:6 offline.sgml:6 -msgid "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" -msgstr "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><personname> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "Jason Gunthorpe" +msgstr "Jason Gunthorpe" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><email> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "jgg@debian.org" +msgstr "jgg@debian.org" -#. type: <version></version> -#: guide.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><releaseinfo> +#: guide.dbk:20 offline.dbk:20 +msgid "Version &apt-product-version;" +msgstr "" -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: guide.sgml:11 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: guide.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager." msgstr "" "Ce document fournit un aperçu des méthode d'utilisation du gestionnaire de " "paquets APT." -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: guide.sgml:15 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: guide.dbk:28 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><title> +#: guide.dbk:31 offline.dbk:32 +msgid "License Notice" +msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:21 offline.sgml:22 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:33 offline.dbk:34 msgid "" "\"APT\" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/" "or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as " @@ -8556,8 +8588,8 @@ msgstr "" "telle que publiée par la Free Software Foundation, en version 2 ou " "ultérieure." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:24 offline.sgml:25 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:42 offline.dbk:40 msgid "" "For more details, on Debian systems, see the file /usr/share/common-licenses/" "GPL for the full license." @@ -8565,31 +8597,32 @@ msgstr "" "Les détails complets de cette licence sont, sur les systèmes Debian GNU/" "Linux, consultables dans le fichier usr/share/common-licenses/GPL." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:49 msgid "General" msgstr "Généralités" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:38 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:51 msgid "" -"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> method and the <prgn>apt-get</prgn> command line user interface. Both " -"provide a way to install and remove packages as well as download new " -"packages from the Internet." +"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <command>dselect</" +"command> method and the <command>apt-get</command> command line user " +"interface. Both provide a way to install and remove packages as well as " +"download new packages from the Internet." msgstr "" "Le paquet APT comporte actuellement deux parties : la méthode APT pour " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> et l'interface en ligne de commande <prgn>apt-get</" -"prgn>. Les deux fournissent des méthodes d'installation et de suppression de " -"paquets ainsi que de téléchargement de nouveaux paquets par Internet." +"<command>dselect</command> et l'interface en ligne de commande <command>apt-" +"get</command>. Les deux fournissent des méthodes d'installation et de " +"suppression de paquets ainsi que de téléchargement de nouveaux paquets par " +"Internet." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:39 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:57 msgid "Anatomy of the Package System" msgstr "Anatomie du système de gestion des paquets" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:44 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:59 msgid "" "The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated " "with each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into " @@ -8600,8 +8633,8 @@ msgstr "" "proprement et facilement sur le système. Une des fonctionnalités les plus " "immédiatement visibles est le système de gestion des dépendances." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:52 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:64 msgid "" "The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared " "elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently " @@ -8617,8 +8650,8 @@ msgstr "" "d'effectuer des choix parmi les divers agents de transport de courrier " "électronique, les serveurs X et d'autres cxomposants du système." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:71 msgid "" "The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the " "concept of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a " @@ -8630,8 +8663,8 @@ msgstr "" "est le cas où un paquet donné a besoin qu'un autre paquet soit installé " "simultanément pour pouvoir fonctionner correctement." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:76 msgid "" "For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email " "with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a " @@ -8644,8 +8677,8 @@ msgstr "" "plus, étant une extension à Emacs sans lequel il est totalement inutile, il " "a une dépendance simple sur emacs." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:73 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:82 msgid "" "The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It " "means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and " @@ -8668,8 +8701,8 @@ msgstr "" "courrier électronique soient établis comme étant en conflit les uns avec les " "autres." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:83 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:92 msgid "" "As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend " "to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are " @@ -8691,8 +8724,8 @@ msgstr "" "paquet « mail-transprot-agent ». Cette fonctionnalité utile peut toutefois " "rendre la correction de certains défauts des paquets plus complexe." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:102 msgid "" "At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are " "already installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency " @@ -8704,81 +8737,87 @@ msgstr "" "problèmes de dépendances par l'intermédiaire d'un certain nombre " "d'algorithmes automatiques qui simplifient le choix des paquets à installer." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:111 msgid "apt-get" msgstr "apt-get" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:102 -msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> provides a simple way to install packages from the " -"command line. Unlike <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> does not " -"understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and can only " -"install .deb archives from a <em>Source</em>." -msgstr "" -"Le programme <prgn>apt-get</prgn> offre une méthode simple pour installer " -"des paquets à la ligne de commande. À la différence de <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, " -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> ne gère pas directement les fichiers .deb files. Il " -"travaille avec le nom des paquets et ne peut installer les archives .deb que " -"depuis une <em>Source</em>." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:109 -msgid "" -"The first <footnote><p>If you are using an http proxy server you must set " -"the http_proxy environment variable first, see sources.list(5)</p></" -"footnote> thing that should be done before using <prgn>apt-get</prgn> is to " -"fetch the package lists from the <em>Sources</em> so that it knows what " -"packages are available. This is done with <tt>apt-get update</tt>. For " -"instance," -msgstr "" -"La première action <footnote><p>Si vous utilisez un serveur mandataire " -"(« proxy ») HTTP, vous devez d'abord positionner la variable d'environnement " -"http_proxy, voir sources.list(5)</p></footnote> à effectuer avant d'utiliser " -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> est de récupérer les listes de paquets depuis les " -"<em>Sources</em> afin que le programme sache quels sont les paquets " -"disponibles. Cela peut être effectué avec la commande <tt>apt-get update</" -"tt>. Par exemple," - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:116 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:113 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> provides a simple way to install packages from " +"the command line. Unlike <command>dpkg</command>, <command>apt-get</command> " +"does not understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and " +"can only install .deb archives from a <emphasis>Source</emphasis>." +msgstr "" +"Le programme <command>apt-get</command> offre une méthode simple pour " +"installer des paquets à la ligne de commande. À la différence de " +"<command>dpkg</command>, <command>apt-get</command> ne gère pas directement " +"les fichiers .deb files. Il travaille avec le nom des paquets et ne peut " +"installer les archives .deb que depuis une <emphasis>Source</emphasis>." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"If you are using an http proxy server you must set the http_proxy " +"environment variable first, see sources.list(5)" +msgstr "" +"Si vous utilisez un serveur mandataire (« proxy ») HTTP, vous devez d'abord " +"positionner la variable d'environnement http_proxy, voir sources.list(5)" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"The first <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> thing that should be " +"done before using <command>apt-get</command> is to fetch the package lists " +"from the <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> so that it knows what packages are " +"available. This is done with <literal>apt-get update</literal>. For instance," +msgstr "" +"La première action <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> à effectuer " +"avant d'utiliser <command>apt-get</command> est de récupérer les listes de " +"paquets depuis les <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> afin que le programme sache " +"quels sont les paquets disponibles. Cela peut être effectué avec la commande " +"<literal>apt-get update</literal>. Par exemple," + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Réception de http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Réception de http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Lecture des listes de paquets... Fait\n" -"Construction de l'arbre des dépendances... Fait" +"Construction de l'arbre des dépendances... Fait\n" -#. type: <p><taglist> -#: guide.sgml:120 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:134 msgid "Once updated there are several commands that can be used:" msgstr "" "Une fois cette mise à jour effectuée, plusieurs commandes peuvent être " "utilisées :" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:121 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:138 msgid "upgrade" msgstr "upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:141 msgid "" "Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never " "install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever " "upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break. This can be " "used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade will list all of " "the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually means that they depend " -"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <prgn>dselect</prgn> or " -"<tt>apt-get install</tt> can be used to force these packages to install." +"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <command>dselect</" +"command> or <literal>apt-get install</literal> can be used to force these " +"packages to install." msgstr "" "La commande « upgrade » permet de mettre à jour le système de manière non " "invasive. Cette commande ne provoquera jamais l'installation de nouveaux " @@ -8788,17 +8827,17 @@ msgstr "" "pour mettre à jour le système de manière relativement sûre. Lorsqu'elle est " "utilisée, la liste des paquets qui ne peuvent être mis à jour sera affichée. " "Cela est en général du au fait qu'ils dépendent de nouveaux paquets ou " -"qu'ils entrent en conflit avec d'autres paquets. Le programme <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> ou la commande <tt>apt-get install</tt> peuvet être utilisés pour " -"forcer l'installation de tels paquets." +"qu'ils entrent en conflit avec d'autres paquets. Le programme " +"<command>dselect</command> ou la commande <literal>apt-get install</literal> " +"peuvet être utilisés pour forcer l'installation de tels paquets." -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:153 msgid "install" msgstr "install" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:156 msgid "" "Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically " "fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of " @@ -8818,21 +8857,22 @@ msgstr "" "demander une confirmation si des actions autres que ce qui est demandé à la " "ligne de commande sont nécessaires." -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:167 msgid "dist-upgrade" msgstr "dist-upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:170 msgid "" "Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between " "releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best " "set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system " "to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use dist-" "upgrade rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> can be used to install any packages that may have been left out." +"<command>dselect</command>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then " +"<command>dselect</command> can be used to install any packages that may have " +"been left out." msgstr "" "La commande « dist-upgrade » est une commande de mise à jour complète " "d'abord destinés à permettre les mises à jour entre deux versions " @@ -8840,12 +8880,13 @@ msgstr "" "de paquets à installer, mettre à jour ou supprimer est déterminé dans le but " "d'amener une majorité du système vers la nouvelle version. Dans certains " "cas, il peut être judicieux d'utiliser « dist-upgrade » plutôt que de " -"chercher à résoudre manuellement les dépendances avec <prgn>dselect</prgn>. " -"Une fois que « dist-upgrade » a été utilisé, <prgn>dselect</prgn> peut " -"servir à installer les paquets qui auraient pu être laissés de côté." +"chercher à résoudre manuellement les dépendances avec <command>dselect</" +"command>. Une fois que « dist-upgrade » a été utilisé, <command>dselect</" +"command> peut servir à installer les paquets qui auraient pu être laissés de " +"côté." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:152 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:180 msgid "" "It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its " "decisions may sometimes be quite surprising." @@ -8853,174 +8894,179 @@ msgstr "" "Il est important de regarder de près ce que « dist-upgrade » car ses " "décisions peuvent parfois apparaître surprenantes." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:163 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:187 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" -#| "<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed " -#| "in its man page, <manref section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. The most useful " -#| "option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -#| "system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -#| "start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is " -#| "used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the " -#| "command that caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." -msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed in " -"its man page, <manref name=\"apt-get\" section=\"8\">. The most useful " -"option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -"system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -"start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is used " -"the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the command that " -"caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." -msgstr "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> fournit de nombreuses options de ligne de commande qui " -"sont expliquées en détail dans sa page de manuel, <manref section=\"8\" name=" -"\"apt-get\">. Une des plus utiles est l'option <tt>-d</tt> qui récupère sans " -"les installer les fichiers nécessaires. Si le système a besoin de " -"télécharger un grand nombre de paquets, il est par exemple souhaitable de " -"pouvoir simplement les récupérer sans les installer immédiatement, au cas où " -"quelque chose se passe mal. Une fois que <tt>-d</tt> a été utilisé, il est " -"possible d'installer les archives téléchargées en exécutant simplement la " -"commande qui a permis de les récupérer, sans l'option <tt>-d</tt>." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:168 +#| "<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are " +#| "detailed in its man page, <manref section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. The " +#| "most useful option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the " +#| "fetched files. If the system has to download a large number of package it " +#| "would be undesired to start installing them in case something goes wrong. " +#| "When <literal>-d</literal> is used the downloaded archives can be " +#| "installed by simply running the command that caused them to be downloaded " +#| "again without <literal>-d</literal>." +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are " +"detailed in its man page, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The most useful " +"option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the fetched files. If " +"the system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired " +"to start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <literal>-d</" +"literal> is used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running " +"the command that caused them to be downloaded again without <literal>-d</" +"literal>." +msgstr "" +"<command>apt-get</command> fournit de nombreuses options de ligne de " +"commande qui sont expliquées en détail dans sa page de manuel, <manref " +"section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. Une des plus utiles est l'option <literal>-" +"d</literal> qui récupère sans les installer les fichiers nécessaires. Si le " +"système a besoin de télécharger un grand nombre de paquets, il est par " +"exemple souhaitable de pouvoir simplement les récupérer sans les installer " +"immédiatement, au cas où quelque chose se passe mal. Une fois que <literal>-" +"d</literal> a été utilisé, il est possible d'installer les archives " +"téléchargées en exécutant simplement la commande qui a permis de les " +"récupérer, sans l'option <literal>-d</literal>." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:199 msgid "DSelect" msgstr "DSelect" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:173 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:201 msgid "" -"The APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method provides the complete APT system with " -"the <prgn>dselect</prgn> package selection GUI. <prgn>dselect</prgn> is used " -"to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT actually installs " -"them." +"The APT <command>dselect</command> method provides the complete APT system " +"with the <command>dselect</command> package selection GUI. <command>dselect</" +"command> is used to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT " +"actually installs them." msgstr "" -"La méthode APT de <prgn>dselect</prgn> permet d'utiliser le système APT dans " -"son ensemble depuis l'interface graphique de gestion des paquets " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. L'interface est alors utilisée pour choisir les " +"La méthode APT de <command>dselect</command> permet d'utiliser le système " +"APT dans son ensemble depuis l'interface graphique de gestion des paquets " +"<command>dselect</command>. L'interface est alors utilisée pour choisir les " "paquets à installer ou supprimer et c'est APT qui effectue les opérations " "individuelles d'installation ou suppression." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:184 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:207 msgid "" -"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " -"<em>Sources</em> which are places to fetch archives from. These can be " -"remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source can " -"provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " +"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <command>dselect</" +"command> and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " +"<emphasis>Sources</emphasis> which are places to fetch archives from. These " +"can be remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source " +"can provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " "combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CD-ROM then " "it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you " "have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use packages on " "your CD-ROM before downloading from the Internet." msgstr "" "Pour activer la méthode APT, il est nécessaire de choisir [A]ccéder dans " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> puis utiliser le choix permettant d'activer APT. Des " -"<em>Sources</em> d'installation seront demandées, qui sont les emplacements " -"d'où les paquets seront récupérés. Cela peut être des sites Internet " -"distants, des miroirs locaux ou des CD. Chaque source peut fournir un sous-" -"ensemble de l'archive complète Debian. APT les combinera automatiquement " -"pour créer un jeu complet de paquets. Avec des supports de type CD, il est " -"conseillé de les indiquer en premier puis de les compléter avec un miroir " -"distant qui permettra d'obtenir les versions les plus à jour s'il y en a. " -"APT utilisera alors les paquets disponibles sur les CD avant de les " -"télécharger via l'Internet." - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:198 +"<command>dselect</command> puis utiliser le choix permettant d'activer APT. " +"Des <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> d'installation seront demandées, qui sont " +"les emplacements d'où les paquets seront récupérés. Cela peut être des sites " +"Internet distants, des miroirs locaux ou des CD. Chaque source peut fournir " +"un sous-ensemble de l'archive complète Debian. APT les combinera " +"automatiquement pour créer un jeu complet de paquets. Avec des supports de " +"type CD, il est conseillé de les indiquer en premier puis de les compléter " +"avec un miroir distant qui permettra d'obtenir les versions les plus à jour " +"s'il y en a. APT utilisera alors les paquets disponibles sur les CD avant de " +"les télécharger via l'Internet." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:218 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" msgstr "" " Réglage de a liste des emplacements sources de distribution\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Veuillez indiquer l'URL de base de la distribution Debian.\n" " Les schémas d'accès connus sont : http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Exemple:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:232 msgid "" -"The <em>Sources</em> setup starts by asking for the base of the Debian " -"archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution to " -"get." +"The <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> setup starts by asking for the base of the " +"Debian archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the " +"distribution to get." msgstr "" -"La configuration des <em>Sources</em> débute par l'indication de la base de " -"l'archive Debian, par défaut un miroir HTTP. Puis la distribution est " -"demandée." +"La configuration des <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> débute par l'indication de " +"la base de l'archive Debian, par défaut un miroir HTTP. Puis la distribution " +"est demandée." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:212 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:237 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" msgstr "" " Veuillez indiquer le nom de la distribution à utiliser ou\n" " le chemin d'accès au fichier des paquets, terminé par un /.\n" " Les noms de distribution sont en général de la forme suivante :\n" " stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable] :" +"\n" +" Distribution [stable] :\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:222 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:244 msgid "" -"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, <em>stable</" -"em> refers to the latest released version and <em>unstable</em> refers to " -"the developmental version. <em>non-US</em> is only available on some mirrors " -"and refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things " -"that cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages " -"into the US is legal however." +"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, " +"<emphasis>stable</emphasis> refers to the latest released version and " +"<emphasis>unstable</emphasis> refers to the developmental version. " +"<emphasis>non-US</emphasis> is only available on some mirrors and refers to " +"packages that contain encryption technology or other things that cannot be " +"exported from the United States. Importing these packages into the US is " +"legal however." msgstr "" "La distribution fait référence à la version de Debian dans l'archive. " -"<em>stable</em> est la dernière version publiée et <em>unstable</em> la " -"version en développement. <em>non-US</em> n'est disponible que sur certains " -"miroirs et fait référence à des paquets contenant des technologies de " -"chiffrement et d'autres élements dont l'exportation est interdite depuis les " -"États-Unis d'Amérique. Il est toutefois autorisé de les y importer. [Note du " -"traducteur : à la date de cette traduction, 2010, cette notion est " -"totalement obsolète]." - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:228 +"<emphasis>stable</emphasis> est la dernière version publiée et " +"<emphasis>unstable</emphasis> la version en développement. <emphasis>non-US</" +"emphasis> n'est disponible que sur certains miroirs et fait référence à des " +"paquets contenant des technologies de chiffrement et d'autres élements dont " +"l'exportation est interdite depuis les États-Unis d'Amérique. Il est " +"toutefois autorisé de les y importer. [Note du traducteur : à la date de " +"cette traduction, 2010, cette notion est totalement obsolète]." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:253 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Components [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Components [main contrib non-free]:\n" msgstr "" " Veuillez indiquer les composants à utiliser\n" " Les composants sont en général de la forme suivante :\n" " main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Composants [main contrib non-free] :" +"\n" +" Composants [main contrib non-free] :\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:236 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:259 msgid "" "The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The " "distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free " @@ -9034,8 +9080,8 @@ msgstr "" "Debian (DFSG) alors que contrib et non-free correspondent à des éléments qui " "comprennent des restrictions de distribution ou d'utilisation." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:240 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:265 msgid "" "Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt " "until you have specified all that you want." @@ -9044,24 +9090,24 @@ msgstr "" "configuration continuera à les demander tant que vous n'indiquerez pas que " "le processus est terminé." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:247 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:269 msgid "" -"Before starting to use <prgn>dselect</prgn> it is necessary to update the " -"available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> that makes the fetched information available to " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. [U]pdate must be performed even if <tt>apt-get update</" -"tt> has been run before." +"Before starting to use <command>dselect</command> it is necessary to update " +"the available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset " +"of <literal>apt-get update</literal> that makes the fetched information " +"available to <command>dselect</command>. [U]pdate must be performed even if " +"<literal>apt-get update</literal> has been run before." msgstr "" -"Avant d'utiliser <prgn>dselect</prgn>, il est nécessaire de mettre à jour la " -"liste de ce qui est disponible en choisissant « [M]ise à jour » depuis le " -"menu. Cette action exécutera la commande « apt-get update », ce qui rendra " -"les informations récupérées disponibles pour <prgn>dselect</prgn>. Elle doit " -"être utilisée même si la commande « apt-get » a déjà été utilisée sur ce " -"système." +"Avant d'utiliser <command>dselect</command>, il est nécessaire de mettre à " +"jour la liste de ce qui est disponible en choisissant « [M]ise à jour » " +"depuis le menu. Cette action exécutera la commande « apt-get update », ce " +"qui rendra les informations récupérées disponibles pour <command>dselect</" +"command>. Elle doit être utilisée même si la commande « apt-get » a déjà été " +"utilisée sur ce système." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:253 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:276 msgid "" "You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform " "the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and " @@ -9074,77 +9120,84 @@ msgstr "" "« [C]onfigurer » et « [R]etirer » ne sont pas utilisées, car « [I]nstaller » " "fait l'ensemble des opérations." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:258 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:282 msgid "" "By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they " -"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place <tt>Dselect::" -"clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place " +"<literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." msgstr "" "Par défait, APT supprimera automatiquement les fichiers des paquets " "(fichiers .deb) une fois qu'ils ont été installés correctement. Pour " -"modifier ce comportement, vous pouvez utiliser <tt>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";" -"</tt> dans /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"modifier ce comportement, vous pouvez utiliser <literal>Dselect::clean " +"\"prompt\";</literal> dans /etc/apt/apt.conf." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:264 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:288 msgid "The Interface" msgstr "L'interface" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:278 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:292 msgid "" -"Both that APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> share the " -"same interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what it will " -"do and then goes and does it. <footnote><p>The <prgn>dselect</prgn> method " -"actually is a set of wrapper scripts to <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. The method " -"actually provides more functionality than is present in <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"alone.</p></footnote> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " +"The <command>dselect</command> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts " +"to <command>apt-get</command>. The method actually provides more " +"functionality than is present in <command>apt-get</command> alone." +msgstr "" +"La méthode <command>dselect</command> consiste en fait en un jeu de scripts " +"qui encapsulent <command>apt-get</command>. Cela approte des fonctionnalités " +"supplémentaires à celles d'<command>apt-get</command> utilisé isolément." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:290 +msgid "" +"Both that APT <command>dselect</command> method and <command>apt-get</" +"command> share the same interface. It is a simple system that generally " +"tells you what it will do and then goes and does it. <placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " "then will print out some informative status messages so that you can " "estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." msgstr "" -"La méthode APT de <prgn>dselect</prgn> et le programme <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"utilisent la même interface. Elle consiste en un système simple qui indique " -"les opérations qui seront effectuées puis les réalise.<footnote><p>La " -"méthode <prgn>dselect</prgn> consiste en fait en un jeu de scripts qui " -"encapsulent <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. Cela approte des fonctionnalités " -"supplémentaires à celles d'<prgn>apt-get</prgn> utilisé isolément.</p></" -"footnote> Après avoir indiqué un résumé des opérations qui seront " -"effectuées, APT donnera un certain nombre d'informations permettant " -"d'estimer sa progression, tout au long des actions qu'il effectue. " - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:280 +"La méthode APT de <command>dselect</command> et le programme <command>apt-" +"get</command> utilisent la même interface. Elle consiste en un système " +"simple qui indique les opérations qui seront effectuées puis les réalise." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Après avoir indiqué un résumé des " +"opérations qui seront effectuées, APT donnera un certain nombre " +"d'informations permettant d'estimer sa progression, tout au long des actions " +"qu'il effectue. " + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:301 msgid "Startup" msgstr "Démarrage" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:284 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:303 msgid "" "Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to " "prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's state. " -"At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get check</" -"tt>." +"At any time these operations can be performed by running <literal>apt-get " +"check</literal>." msgstr "" "Avant toute opération autre qu'une mise à jour, APT effectue un certain " "nombre d'actions pour préparer ses mécaismes internes de fonctionnement. Il " "vérifie également l'état du système. Ces opérations peuvent être effectuées " -"isolément avec la commande <tt>apt-get check</tt>." +"isolément avec la commande <literal>apt-get check</literal>." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:289 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:309 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Lecture de la liste des paquets... Fait\n" -"Construction de l'arbre des dépendances... Fait" +"Construction de l'arbre des dépendances... Fait\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:297 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:314 msgid "" "The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses " "a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is run. " @@ -9157,21 +9210,21 @@ msgstr "" "pas trouvés, ils seront ignorés et une informatique sera affichée quand apt-" "get se terminera." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:303 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:320 msgid "" "The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's " "dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked " "package and considers if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report " -"will be printed out and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will refuse to run." +"will be printed out and <command>apt-get</command> will refuse to run." msgstr "" "Ensuite, une analyse détaillée des dépendances du système est réalisée. Les " "dépendances de chaque paquet installé ou décompressé sont vérifiées. Si un " -"problème est trouvé, il sera affiché et <prgn>apt-get</prgn> bloquera des " -"opérations ultérieures." +"problème est trouvé, il sera affiché et <command>apt-get</command> bloquera " +"des opérations ultérieures." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:320 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:326 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" @@ -9181,33 +9234,33 @@ msgid "" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Lecture de la liste des paquets... Fait\n" -"Construction de l'arbre des dépendances.. Fait\n" +"Construction de l'arbre des dépendances... Fait\n" "Vous pouvez lancer « apt-get -f install » pour corriger ces problèmes.\n" "Les paquets suivants contiennent des dépendances non satisfaites :\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g mais il n'est pas installé\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx mais il n'est pas installé\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) mais il n'est pas installé\n" +" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) mais il n'est pas installé\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base mais il n'est pas installé\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 mais il n'est pas installé\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base mais il n'est pas installé\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 mais il n'est pas installé\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) mais il n'est pas installé\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) mais il n'est pas installé\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:329 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:343 msgid "" "In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem " "with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is " @@ -9220,89 +9273,97 @@ msgstr "" "paquet dont les dépendances ne sont pas satisfaites, indiquant quel est le " "problème. Une explication simple du problème est donnée." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:337 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:352 +msgid "" +"APT however considers all known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken " +"packages" +msgstr "" +"Cependant, APT prend en compte les dépendances connues et s'efforce d'éviter " +"que cette situation ne se produise" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:350 msgid "" "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The first " -"is caused by <prgn>dpkg</prgn> missing some subtle relationships between " -"packages when performing upgrades. <footnote><p>APT however considers all " -"known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken packages</p></footnote>. " -"The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. In this " -"situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents being " -"installed." +"is caused by <command>dpkg</command> missing some subtle relationships " +"between packages when performing upgrades. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>. The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. " +"In this situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents " +"being installed." msgstr "" "Il existe deux façons pour le système d'aboutir à cet état. Cela peut " "d'abord être causé par des subtilités de relations entre les paquets que " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> aurait manquées lors de mises à jour. " -"<footnote><p>Cependant, APT prend en compte les dépendances connues et " -"s'efforce d'éviter que cette situation ne se produise</p></footnote>. Cela " -"peut également être dû à l'échec antérieur d'une installation de paquet. " -"Dans le cas présent, un paquet a pu être décompressé sans que ses " -"dépendances ne soient satisfaites." +"<command>dpkg</command> aurait manquées lors de mises à jour. <placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>. Cela peut également être dû à l'échec " +"antérieur d'une installation de paquet. Dans le cas présent, un paquet a pu " +"être décompressé sans que ses dépendances ne soient satisfaites." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:345 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:359 msgid "" "The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places " "certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases " -"supplying the <tt>-f</tt> option to <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will cause APT to " -"deduce a possible solution to the problem and then continue on. The APT " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> method always supplies the <tt>-f</tt> option to allow " -"for easy continuation of failed maintainer scripts." +"supplying the <literal>-f</literal> option to <command>apt-get</command> " +"will cause APT to deduce a possible solution to the problem and then " +"continue on. The APT <command>dselect</command> method always supplies the " +"<literal>-f</literal> option to allow for easy continuation of failed " +"maintainer scripts." msgstr "" "La seconde situation est moins grave que la première car APT met certaines " "contraintes sur l'ordre d'installation des paquets. Dans les deux cas, " -"l'option <tt>-f</tt> utilisée avec <prgn>apt-get</prgn> conduira APT à " -"rechercher une solution possible puis à continuer. La méthode APT de " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> utilise toujours cette option <tt>-f</tt> afin de " -"pouvoir poursuivre plus facilement ses opérations si un script de mainteneur " -"échoue de manière inopinée." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:351 -msgid "" -"However, if the <tt>-f</tt> option is used to correct a seriously broken " -"system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either fail " -"immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either case it is " -"necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct " -"the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." -msgstr "" -"Cependant, si l'option <tt>-f</tt> est utilisée pour corriger un système " -"fortement corrompu qui est dans le premier cas, il est possible que " +"l'option <literal>-f</literal> utilisée avec <command>apt-get</command> " +"conduira APT à rechercher une solution possible puis à continuer. La méthode " +"APT de <command>dselect</command> utilise toujours cette option <literal>-f</" +"literal> afin de pouvoir poursuivre plus facilement ses opérations si un " +"script de mainteneur échoue de manière inopinée." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:368 +msgid "" +"However, if the <literal>-f</literal> option is used to correct a seriously " +"broken system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will " +"either fail immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either " +"case it is necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to " +"correct the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." +msgstr "" +"Cependant, si l'option <literal>-f</literal> est utilisée pour corriger un " +"système fortement corrompu qui est dans le premier cas, il est possible que " "l'opération échoue immédiatement ou au cours des diverses tentatives de " "réparation effectuées. Dans tous les cas, il peut être nécessaire de " "corriger la situation manuellement avec dpkg (éventuellement en utilisant " "des options pour forcer certains opérations) avant de pouvoir utiliser à " "nouveau APT." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:356 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:376 msgid "The Status Report" msgstr "Le rapport d'état" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:363 -msgid "" -"Before proceeding <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will present a report on what will " -"happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed " -"but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists reflect the " -"final state of things, taking into account the <tt>-f</tt> option and any " -"other relevant activities to the command being executed." -msgstr "" -"Avant de démarrer ses actions, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> en affiche un résumé. En " -"général, ce rapport dépend du type d'opération qui est entreprise, mais de " -"nombreux éléments sont communs aux différents types de rapports. Ainsi, dans " -"tous les cas, les listes reflètent l'état final du système, en tenant compte " -"de l'option <tt>-f</tt> et des autres opérations découlant du type de " -"commande utilisée." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:364 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:378 +msgid "" +"Before proceeding <command>apt-get</command> will present a report on what " +"will happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being " +"performed but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists " +"reflect the final state of things, taking into account the <literal>-f</" +"literal> option and any other relevant activities to the command being " +"executed." +msgstr "" +"Avant de démarrer ses actions, <command>apt-get</command> en affiche un " +"résumé. En général, ce rapport dépend du type d'opération qui est " +"entreprise, mais de nombreux éléments sont communs aux différents types de " +"rapports. Ainsi, dans tous les cas, les listes reflètent l'état final du " +"système, en tenant compte de l'option <literal>-f</literal> et des autres " +"opérations découlant du type de commande utilisée." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:385 msgid "The Extra Package list" msgstr "La liste des paquets supplémentaires" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:372 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:387 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" @@ -9310,86 +9371,86 @@ msgid "" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" msgstr "" "Les paquets supplémentaires suivants seront installés :\n" " libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl\n" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:379 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:395 msgid "" "The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or " "upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only " -"generated for an <tt>install</tt> command. The listed packages are often the " -"result of an Auto Install." +"generated for an <literal>install</literal> command. The listed packages are " +"often the result of an Auto Install." msgstr "" "La liste des paquets supplémentaires montre tous les paquets installés ou " "mis à jour en plus de ceux indiqués à la ligne de commande. Elle n'apparaît " -"qu'avec la commande <tt>install</tt>. Le plus souvent, les paquets concernés " -"sont le résultat d'une installation automatique." +"qu'avec la commande <literal>install</literal>. Le plus souvent, les paquets " +"concernés sont le résultat d'une installation automatique." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:382 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:402 msgid "The Packages to Remove" msgstr "Les paquets à supprimer" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:389 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:404 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" msgstr "" "Les paquets suivants seront ENLEVÉS :\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:399 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:411 msgid "" "The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed " "from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be " "given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to be taken off. " -"The <tt>-f</tt> option is especially good at generating packages to remove " -"so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain packages " -"that are going to be removed because they are only partially installed, " -"possibly due to an aborted installation." +"The <literal>-f</literal> option is especially good at generating packages " +"to remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain " +"packages that are going to be removed because they are only partially " +"installed, possibly due to an aborted installation." msgstr "" "La liste des paquets à enlever montre tous les paquets qui seront supprimés " "du système. Elle peut apparaître pour tout type d'opération. Il est " "conseillé de l'inspecter en détail afin de vérifier qu'aucun paquet " -"important ne va être supprimé. L'option <tt>-f</tt> provoque notamment " -"souvent des suppressions de paquets et il est déconseillé d'être " +"important ne va être supprimé. L'option <literal>-f</literal> provoque " +"notamment souvent des suppressions de paquets et il est déconseillé d'être " "particulièrement attentif dans ce genre de cas. La liste peut comporter des " "paquets qui seront supprimés parce qu'ils sont seulement partiellement " "installés, par exemple après l'interruption d'une opération d'installation." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:402 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:421 msgid "The New Packages list" msgstr "La liste des nouveaux paquets" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:406 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:423 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" msgstr "" "Les NOUVEAUX paquets suivants seront installés :\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:411 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:427 msgid "" "The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages " "listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is " @@ -9399,58 +9460,58 @@ msgstr "" "avoir lieu. Les paquets affichés ne sont pas encore présents sur le système " "mais le seront une fois qu'APT aura terminé." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:414 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:432 msgid "The Kept Back list" msgstr "La liste des paquets conservés" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:419 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:434 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" msgstr "" "Les paquets suivants ont été conservés :\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:428 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:439 msgid "" "Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that " "new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things " "or conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will " "appear in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed there " -"to install is with <tt>apt-get install</tt> or by using <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"to resolve their problems." +"to install is with <literal>apt-get install</literal> or by using " +"<command>dselect</command> to resolve their problems." msgstr "" "À chaque fois que le système entier est mis à jour, il est possible que de " "nouvelles versions de paquets ne puissent pas être installées car elles ont " "besoins ne nouveaux paquets ou qu'elles entrent en conflit avec des paquets " "existants. Ces paquets apparaîtront alors dans la liste des paquets " "conservés. Le meilleure méthode pour effectivement installer ces paquets est " -"souvent de le faire explicitement avec la commande <tt>apt-get install</tt> " -"ou avec <prgn>dselect</prgn>." +"souvent de le faire explicitement avec la commande <literal>apt-get install</" +"literal> ou avec <command>dselect</command>." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:431 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:448 msgid "Held Packages warning" msgstr "L'avertissement pour paquets retenus" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:435 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:450 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" msgstr "" "Les paquets retenus suivants seront changés :\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:441 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:454 msgid "" "Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a " "case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be changed. " @@ -9461,32 +9522,32 @@ msgstr "" "que le paquet retenu va être modifié. Cela ne se produira que lors de " "l'utilisation des commandes dist-upgrade ou install." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:444 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:460 msgid "Final summary" msgstr "Résumé final" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:447 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:462 msgid "" "Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur." msgstr "" "Enfin, APT affichera un résumé de toutes les opérations qui prendront place." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:452 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:465 #, no-wrap msgid "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" -"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." +"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used.\n" msgstr "" "206 paquets mis à jour, 8 nouvellement installés, 23 à enlever et 51 non mis à jour.\n" "12 paquets partiellement installés ou enlevés.\n" -"Il est nécessaire de prendre 65,7Mo/66,7Mo dans les archives. Après cette opération, 26,5Mo d'espace disque supplémentaires seront utilisés." +"Il est nécessaire de prendre 65,7Mo/66,7Mo dans les archives. Après cette opération, 26,5Mo d'espace disque supplémentaires seront utilisés.\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:470 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:470 msgid "" "The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the " "lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already " @@ -9517,8 +9578,8 @@ msgstr "" "opérations. Si de nombreux paquets sont supprimés, cette valeur peut " "représenter l'espace qui est alors libéré." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:473 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:484 msgid "" "Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages " "to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples." @@ -9526,13 +9587,13 @@ msgstr "" "D'autres rapports peuvent être créés avec l'option -u qui affiche les " "paquets à mettre à jour. Il sont analogues aux exemples précédents." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:477 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:491 msgid "The Status Display" msgstr "L'affichage d'état" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:481 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:493 msgid "" "During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of " "status messages." @@ -9540,8 +9601,8 @@ msgstr "" "Pendant le téléchargement des fichiers des paquets, APT affiche un certain " "nombre de messages d'avancement." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:490 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:497 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" @@ -9550,7 +9611,7 @@ msgid "" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Réception de :1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" @@ -9558,71 +9619,73 @@ msgstr "" "Atteint http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Réception de :4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Réception de :5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Attente du fichier' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Attente du fichier' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:500 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:506 msgid "" -"The lines starting with <em>Get</em> are printed out when APT begins to " -"fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the download. The " -"first percent value on the progress line indicates the total percent done of " -"all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files is unknown " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> estimates the percent done which causes some " -"inaccuracies." +"The lines starting with <emphasis>Get</emphasis> are printed out when APT " +"begins to fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the " +"download. The first percent value on the progress line indicates the total " +"percent done of all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files " +"is unknown <literal>apt-get update</literal> estimates the percent done " +"which causes some inaccuracies." msgstr "" "Les lignes qui débutent par « Réception de » sont affichées quand APT " "démarre la récupération d'un fichier alors que la dernière ligne indique la " "progression du téléchargement. La première valeur de pourcentage de la ligne " "est le pourcentage de téléchargement déjà effectué, pour l'ensemble des " "fichiers. Il faut noter que, comme la taille des fichiers de paquets n'est " -"pas connue, <tt>apt-get update</tt> estime le pourcentage effectué ce qui " -"peut conduire à des imprécisions." +"pas connue, <literal>apt-get update</literal> estime le pourcentage effectué " +"ce qui peut conduire à des imprécisions." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:509 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:514 msgid "" "The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download " "thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful " "information about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read " -"<em>Forking</em> which means the OS is loading the download module. The " -"first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the history lines. " -"The next word is the short form name of the object being downloaded. For " -"archives it will contain the name of the package that is being fetched." +"<emphasis>Forking</emphasis> which means the OS is loading the download " +"module. The first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the " +"history lines. The next word is the short form name of the object being " +"downloaded. For archives it will contain the name of the package that is " +"being fetched." msgstr "" "La section suivante de la ligne d'état est répétée pour chaque sous-tâche de " "téléchargement. Elle indique l'opération effectuée et d'autres informations " -"utiles sur ce qui est en cours. Cette section indiquera parfois <em>Forking</" -"em> ce qui indique que le système charge le module de téléchargement. Le " -"premier mot après le crochet ouvrant ([) est le numéro d'ordre de " -"téléchargement comme indiqué dans les lignes d'historique. Le mot suivant " -"est le nom court de l'objet téléchargé. Pour les archives, il s'agit du nom " -"du paquet en cours de récupération." +"utiles sur ce qui est en cours. Cette section indiquera parfois " +"<emphasis>Forking</emphasis> ce qui indique que le système charge le module " +"de téléchargement. Le premier mot après le crochet ouvrant ([) est le numéro " +"d'ordre de téléchargement comme indiqué dans les lignes d'historique. Le mot " +"suivant est le nom court de l'objet téléchargé. Pour les archives, il s'agit " +"du nom du paquet en cours de récupération." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:524 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:524 msgid "" "Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress " "of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from " -"<em>Connecting</em> to <em>Waiting for file</em> to <em>Downloading</em> or " -"<em>Resuming</em>. The final value is the number of bytes downloaded from " -"the remote site. Once the download begins this is represented as " -"<tt>102/10.2k</tt> indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 " -"kilobytes is expected. The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation " -"to preserve space. After the size display is a percent meter for the file " -"itself. The second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This " -"values is updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for " -"that period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated " -"regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown transfer " -"rate." +"<emphasis>Connecting</emphasis> to <emphasis>Waiting for file</emphasis> to " +"<emphasis>Downloading</emphasis> or <emphasis>Resuming</emphasis>. The final " +"value is the number of bytes downloaded from the remote site. Once the " +"download begins this is represented as <literal>102/10.2k</literal> " +"indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is expected. " +"The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve space. After " +"the size display is a percent meter for the file itself. The second last " +"element is the instantaneous average speed. This values is updated every 5 " +"seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for that period. Finally is " +"shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated regularly and reflects " +"the time to complete everything at the shown transfer rate." msgstr "" "À l'intérieur des guillemets, on trouve une information sur la progression " "de la phase de négociation du téléchargement. Usuellement, elle évolue de " -"<em>Connexion</em> à <em>Attente du fichier</em>, puis <em>Téléchargement</" -"em> ou <em>Reprise</em>. La valeur finale est le nombre d'octets téléchargés " -"depuis le site distant. Une fois le téléchargement commencé, cette " -"indication prend la forme <tt>102/10,2ko</tt>, ce qui indique que 102 octets " -"ont été téléchargés et que 10,2 kilo-octets sont attendus. La taille totale " -"est toujours représentées sur 4 digits pour des raisons de place disponible. " +"<emphasis>Connexion</emphasis> à <emphasis>Attente du fichier</emphasis>, " +"puis <emphasis>Téléchargement</emphasis> ou <emphasis>Reprise</emphasis>. La " +"valeur finale est le nombre d'octets téléchargés depuis le site distant. Une " +"fois le téléchargement commencé, cette indication prend la forme " +"<literal>102/10,2ko</literal>, ce qui indique que 102 octets ont été " +"téléchargés et que 10,2 kilo-octets sont attendus. La taille totale est " +"toujours représentées sur 4 digits pour des raisons de place disponible. " "Après cet affichage de taille, se trouve une barre de progression pour le " "téléchargement du fichier lui-même. L'élément suivant est la vitesse " "instantanée de téléchargement. Elle est mise à jour toutes les 5 secondes et " @@ -9631,57 +9694,52 @@ msgstr "" "régulièrement à jour et représete la durée estimée de téléchargement de " "toute ce qui est nécessaire, à la vitesse affichée." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:530 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:539 msgid "" "The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback " "on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file " "is started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is unsuitable " -"for logging to a file, use the <tt>-q</tt> option to remove the status " -"display." +"for logging to a file, use the <literal>-q</literal> option to remove the " +"status display." msgstr "" "La ligne d'état est mise à jour chaque demi-seconde afin de fournir un " "retour régulier sur la progression du téléchargement alors que les lignes " "« Réception de » reculent d'une unité à chaque fois qu'un nouveau fichier " "est démarré. Comme l'état est mis à jour régulièrement, il ne peut pas " "servir pour la journalisation dans un fichier. Il est nécessaire d'utiliser " -"l'option <tt>-q</tt> pour supprimer cet affichage." +"l'option <literal>-q</literal> pour supprimer cet affichage." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:535 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:547 msgid "Dpkg" msgstr "Dpkg" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:542 -msgid "" -"APT uses <prgn>dpkg</prgn> for installing the archives and will switch over " -"to the <prgn>dpkg</prgn> interface once downloading is completed. " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> will also ask a number of questions as it processes the " -"packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. Before " -"each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and the " -"questions are too varied to discuss completely here." -msgstr "" -"APT utilise <prgn>dpkg</prgn> pour installer les archives et bascule vers " -"l'interface de ce programme une fois le téléchargement terminé. <prgn>dpkg</" -"prgn> peut poser un certain nombre de questions pendant le traitement des " -"paquets, qui peuvent eux-même être amener à poser des questions. Chacune de " -"ces questions comporte un description de ce qui est attendu et elles sont " -"trop variables d'un paquet à l'autre pour qu'une description détaillée soit " -"donnée dans ce document." - -#. type: <title></title> -#: offline.sgml:4 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:549 +msgid "" +"APT uses <command>dpkg</command> for installing the archives and will switch " +"over to the <command>dpkg</command> interface once downloading is completed. " +"<command>dpkg</command> will also ask a number of questions as it processes " +"the packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. " +"Before each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and " +"the questions are too varied to discuss completely here." +msgstr "" +"APT utilise <command>dpkg</command> pour installer les archives et bascule " +"vers l'interface de ce programme une fois le téléchargement terminé. " +"<command>dpkg</command> peut poser un certain nombre de questions pendant le " +"traitement des paquets, qui peuvent eux-même être amener à poser des " +"questions. Chacune de ces questions comporte un description de ce qui est " +"attendu et elles sont trop variables d'un paquet à l'autre pour qu'une " +"description détaillée soit donnée dans ce document." + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: offline.dbk:10 msgid "Using APT Offline" msgstr "Utilisation d'APT hors ligne" -#. type: <version></version> -#: offline.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" - -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: offline.sgml:12 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: offline.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, " "specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades." @@ -9690,23 +9748,25 @@ msgstr "" "réseau, et plus particulièrement une approche « sneaker-net » pour les mises " "à jour." -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: offline.sgml:16 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: offline.dbk:29 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" +"<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:47 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Introduction" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:34 offline.sgml:65 offline.sgml:180 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:49 offline.dbk:79 offline.dbk:191 msgid "Overview" msgstr "Aperçu" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:40 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:51 msgid "" "Normally APT requires direct access to a Debian archive, either from a local " "media or through a network. Another common complaint is that a Debian " @@ -9718,8 +9778,8 @@ msgstr "" "est celui d'une machine dotée d'une liaison peu rapide (comme un modem) avec " "une autre possédant une connexion à haut débit mais située à distance." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:51 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:57 msgid "" "The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a " "SuperDisk disc. These discs are not large enough to store the entire Debian " @@ -9727,9 +9787,9 @@ msgid "" "to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch " "them onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is even " "possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely " -"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <em>remote host</em> mean " -"the machine downloading the packages, and <em>target host</em> the one with " -"bad or no connection." +"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <emphasis>remote host</" +"emphasis> mean the machine downloading the packages, and <emphasis>target " +"host</emphasis> the one with bad or no connection." msgstr "" "Une solution est d'utiliser un support amovible de grande taille tel qu'un " "disque Zip ou un disque Superdisk (NdT : ce document est daté..:-)). Bien " @@ -9740,11 +9800,12 @@ msgstr "" "récupérer avec une machine disposant d'une bonne connectivité. Il est même " "possible d'utiliser soit une autre machine Debian avec APT soit un autre " "système d'exploitation et un outil de téléchargement tel que wget. Dans ce " -"qui suit, <em>machine distante</em> désignera la machine qui télécharge les " -"paquets et <em>machine cible</em>, celle qui a une connectivité limitée." +"qui suit, <emphasis>machine distante</emphasis> désignera la machine qui " +"télécharge les paquets et <emphasis>machine cible</emphasis>, celle qui a " +"une connectivité limitée." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:68 msgid "" "This is achieved by creatively manipulating the APT configuration file. The " "essential premise to tell APT to look on a disc for it's archive files. Note " @@ -9757,13 +9818,13 @@ msgstr "" "système de fichier autorisant les noms longs, par exemple ext2, fat32 ou " "vfat." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:77 msgid "Using APT on both machines" msgstr "Utilisation d'APT sur les deux machines" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:71 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:81 msgid "" "APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The " "basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the " @@ -9776,8 +9837,8 @@ msgstr "" "et choisir ceux à télécharger. La structure des répertoires du disque " "devraient ressembler à :" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:80 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:87 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /disc/\n" @@ -9787,7 +9848,7 @@ msgid "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" msgstr "" " /disc/\n" " archives/\n" @@ -9796,42 +9857,44 @@ msgstr "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:98 msgid "The configuration file" msgstr "Le fichier de configuration" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:100 msgid "" "The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and to " "use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should " "contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and " -"the status file should be a copy of <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> from the " -"<em>target host</em>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must " -"use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." +"the status file should be a copy of <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</" +"emphasis> from the <emphasis>target host</emphasis>. Please note, if you are " +"using a local archive you must use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to " +"file URIs." msgstr "" "Le fichier de configuration indique à APT où conserver ses fichiers sur le " "disque et d'utiliser également les fichiers de configuration du disque. Le " "fichier sources.list devrait référencer les sites que vous souhaitez " "utiliser depuis la machine distante et le fichier d'état doit être une copie " -"de <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> de l'<em>ordinateur cible</em>. Veuillez " -"noter que si sous utilisez une archive locale, les URI doivent en être " -"copiés. La syntaxe est la même que celle des URI fichiers." +"de <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> de l'<emphasis>ordinateur " +"cible</emphasis>. Veuillez noter que si sous utilisez une archive locale, " +"les URI doivent en être copiés. La syntaxe est la même que celle des URI " +"fichiers." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:100 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:108 msgid "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> must contain the necessary information to make APT use the " -"disc:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> must contain the necessary information to make " +"APT use the disc:" msgstr "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> doit avoir les informations nécessaires pour qu'APT " -"utilise le disque.disc:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> doit avoir les informations nécessaires pour " +"qu'APT utilise le disque.disc:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:124 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:112 #, no-wrap msgid "" " APT\n" @@ -9839,10 +9902,10 @@ msgid "" " /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" @@ -9853,20 +9916,20 @@ msgid "" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" msgstr "" " APT\n" " {\n" " /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" @@ -9877,68 +9940,71 @@ msgstr "" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:129 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:137 msgid "" "More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample " -"configuration file in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"configuration file in <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</" +"emphasis>." msgstr "" "Plus d'informations peuvent être trouvées dans la page de manuel du fichier " "apt.conf et dans l'exemple de fichier de configuration que l'on peut trouver " -"dans <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"dans <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</emphasis>." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:136 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:142 msgid "" -"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy <em>/" -"var/lib/dpkg/status</em> to it. You will also need to create the directories " -"outlined in the Overview, <em>archives/partial/</em> and <em>lists/partial/</" -"em>. Then take the disc to the remote machine and configure the sources." -"list. On the remote machine execute the following:" +"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy " +"<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> to it. You will also need to " +"create the directories outlined in the Overview, <emphasis>archives/partial/" +"</emphasis> and <emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Then take the disc to " +"the remote machine and configure the sources.list. On the remote machine " +"execute the following:" msgstr "" "Sur la machine cible, il est d'abord nécessaire de monter le disque et y " -"copier le fichier <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em>. Il sera aussi nécessaire de " -"créer les répertoires dans l'aperçu (Overview), <em>archives/partial/</em> " -"and <em>lists/partial/</em>. Connecter ensuite le disque à la machine " -"distante et configurer le fichier sources.list. Sur la machine distante, " -"exécuter la séquence de commandes suivante :" - -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:142 +"copier le fichier <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis>. Il sera aussi " +"nécessaire de créer les répertoires dans l'aperçu (Overview), " +"<emphasis>archives/partial/</emphasis> and <emphasis>lists/partial/</" +"emphasis>. Connecter ensuite le disque à la machine distante et configurer " +"le fichier sources.list. Sur la machine distante, exécuter la séquence de " +"commandes suivante :" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:151 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT fetches the package files ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]" +" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT récupère les fichiers des paquets ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT récupère tous les fichiers nécessaires à la mise à jour de la machine distante ]" +" [ APT récupère tous les fichiers nécessaires à la mise à jour de la machine distante ]\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:158 msgid "" "The dist-upgrade command can be replaced with any other standard APT " "commands, particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end " -"such as <em>dselect</em>. However this presents a problem in communicating " -"your selections back to the local computer." +"such as <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. However this presents a problem in " +"communicating your selections back to the local computer." msgstr "" "La commande dist-upgrade peut être remplacée par toute autres commande " "usuelle d'APT, notamment dselect-upgrade. Il est même possible d'utiliser " -"une interface comme <em>dselect</em>. Cependant, cela complique la " -"communication des choix vers l'ordinateur local." +"une interface comme <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. Cependant, cela complique " +"la communication des choix vers l'ordinateur local." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:153 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:164 msgid "" "Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade " "the target machine. Take the disc back and run:" @@ -9947,24 +10013,24 @@ msgstr "" "archives nécessaires pour mettr eà jour la machine cible. Il est alors " "possible d'y ramener le disque et exécuter :" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:159 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:168 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT generates a local copy of the cache files ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Or any other APT command ]" +" [ Or any other APT command ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT crée la copie locale des fichiers de cache ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Ou toute autre commande APT ]" +" [ Ou toute autre commande APT ]\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:165 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:175 msgid "" "It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the " "local one. This is very important!" @@ -9972,8 +10038,8 @@ msgstr "" "Pour un fonctionnement correct, il est indispensable de ré-indiquer que le " "fichier d'état est le fichier local. Cela est très important." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:172 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:179 msgid "" "If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying disc/" "status to /var/lib/dpkg/status so that any selections you made on the remote " @@ -9988,25 +10054,25 @@ msgstr "" "possible. NE COPIEZ PAS le fichier d'état si dpkg ou APT ont été exécutés " "dans l'intervalle." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:178 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:189 msgid "Using APT and wget" msgstr "Utilisation d'APT et wget" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:185 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:193 msgid "" -"<em>wget</em> is a popular and portable download tool that can run on nearly " -"any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian machine " -"already has a list of available packages." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> is a popular and portable download tool that can " +"run on nearly any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the " +"Debian machine already has a list of available packages." msgstr "" -"<em>wget</em> est un outil classique de téléchargement qui peut être exécuté " -"sur à peu près tout type de machine. À la différence de la méthode " -"précédente, cela impose que la machine Debian a déjà une liste des paquets " -"disponibles." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> est un outil classique de téléchargement qui peut " +"être exécuté sur à peu près tout type de machine. À la différence de la " +"méthode précédente, cela impose que la machine Debian a déjà une liste des " +"paquets disponibles." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:190 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:198 msgid "" "The basic idea is to create a disc that has only the archive files " "downloaded from the remote site. This is done by using the --print-uris " @@ -10018,13 +10084,13 @@ msgstr "" "l'option --print-uris d'apt-get puis de la préparation d'un script wget " "permettant de récupérer les paquets/" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:196 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:204 msgid "Operation" msgstr "Fonctionnement" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:200 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:206 msgid "" "Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are required. " "We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list." @@ -10033,22 +10099,22 @@ msgstr "" "spécifique n'est nécessaire. Seules les commandes standard d'APT seront " "utilisées pour créer la liste de ficheirs." -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:210 #, no-wrap msgid "" -" # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" +" # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" msgstr "" " # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" " [ Répondre négativement à la question, pour être sûr(e) que les actions vous conviennent ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:210 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:216 msgid "" "Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including dselect-" "upgrade." @@ -10056,8 +10122,8 @@ msgstr "" "Toute autre commande que dist-upgrade peut être utilisée, y compris dselect-" "upgrade." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:216 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:220 msgid "" "The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to " "execute in order to fetch the necessary archives. This script should be run " @@ -10069,25 +10135,25 @@ msgstr "" "exécuté depuis le point de montage du disque afin que les fichiers soient " "écrits sur le disque." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:219 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:226 msgid "The remote machine would do something like" msgstr "Sur la machine distante, il faudra alors exécuter l'équivalent de :" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:223 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:229 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ wait.. ]" +" [ wait.. ]\n" msgstr "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ attendre.. ]" +" [ attendre.. ]\n" -#. type: </example><example> -#: offline.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:234 msgid "" "Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine " "installation can proceed using," @@ -10095,14 +10161,14 @@ msgstr "" "Une fois les fichiers téléchargés et le disque reconnecté à la machine " "Debian, l'installation peut se poursuivre avec :" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:230 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:238 #, no-wrap -msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" -msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" +msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" +msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:234 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:241 msgid "Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc." msgstr "Cette commande utilisera les fichiers récupérés sur le disque." diff --git a/doc/po/it.po b/doc/po/it.po index 2023bc470..225422cfa 100644 --- a/doc/po/it.po +++ b/doc/po/it.po @@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: \n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team <deity@lists.debian.org>\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-06-19 12:02+0200\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-01 14:00+0200\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-07-03 22:15+0200\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-07-04 00:45+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Beatrice Torracca <beatricet@libero.it>\n" "Language-Team: Italian <debian-l10n-italian@lists.debian.org>\n" "Language: it\n" @@ -8488,36 +8488,53 @@ msgstr "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> restituisce zero in caso di funzionamento " "normale e il valore decimale 100 in caso di errore." -#. type: <title></title> -#: guide.sgml:4 +#. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book> +#: guide.dbk:8 offline.dbk:8 +msgid "en" +msgstr "it" + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: guide.dbk:10 msgid "APT User's Guide" msgstr "Guida dell'utente di APT" -#. type: <author></author> -#: guide.sgml:6 offline.sgml:6 -msgid "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" -msgstr "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><personname> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "Jason Gunthorpe" +msgstr "Jason Gunthorpe" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><email> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "jgg@debian.org" +msgstr "jgg@debian.org" -#. type: <version></version> -#: guide.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><releaseinfo> +#: guide.dbk:20 offline.dbk:20 +msgid "Version &apt-product-version;" +msgstr "" -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: guide.sgml:11 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: guide.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager." msgstr "" "Questo documento fornisce una panoramica su come usare il gestore di " "pacchetti APT." -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: guide.sgml:15 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: guide.dbk:28 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><title> +#: guide.dbk:31 offline.dbk:32 +msgid "License Notice" +msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:21 offline.sgml:22 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:33 offline.dbk:34 msgid "" "\"APT\" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/" "or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as " @@ -8529,8 +8546,8 @@ msgstr "" "pubblicata dalla Free Software Foundation, nella versione 2 o (a propria " "scelta) qualsiasi versione successiva." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:24 offline.sgml:25 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:42 offline.dbk:40 msgid "" "For more details, on Debian systems, see the file /usr/share/common-licenses/" "GPL for the full license." @@ -8538,31 +8555,31 @@ msgstr "" "Per ulteriori dettagli, sui sistemi Debian, si veda il testo completo della " "licenza nel file /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:49 msgid "General" msgstr "Descrizione generale" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:38 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:51 msgid "" -"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> method and the <prgn>apt-get</prgn> command line user interface. Both " -"provide a way to install and remove packages as well as download new " -"packages from the Internet." +"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <command>dselect</" +"command> method and the <command>apt-get</command> command line user " +"interface. Both provide a way to install and remove packages as well as " +"download new packages from the Internet." msgstr "" "Il pacchetto APT al momento contiene due sezioni, il metodo APT per " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> e l'interfaccia utente a riga di comando <prgn>apt-get</" -"prgn>; entrambi forniscono un modo per installare e rimuovere pacchetti, " -"così come per scaricarne di nuovi da Internet." +"<command>dselect</command> e l'interfaccia utente a riga di comando " +"<command>apt-get</command>; entrambi forniscono un modo per installare e " +"rimuovere pacchetti, così come per scaricarne di nuovi da Internet." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:39 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:57 msgid "Anatomy of the Package System" msgstr "Anatomia del sistema dei pacchetti" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:44 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:59 msgid "" "The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated " "with each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into " @@ -8573,8 +8590,8 @@ msgstr "" "maniera pulita nel sistema. La sua caratteristica più importante è il " "sistema di dipendenze." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:52 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:64 msgid "" "The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared " "elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently " @@ -8589,8 +8606,8 @@ msgstr "" "possibile avere più di una scelta per cose quali i programmi di " "trasferimento della posta elettronica, i server X e così via." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:71 msgid "" "The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the " "concept of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a " @@ -8601,8 +8618,8 @@ msgstr "" "concetto di dipendenza semplice: un pacchetto richiede che un altro sia " "installato insieme ad esso per poter funzionare." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:76 msgid "" "For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email " "with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a " @@ -8615,8 +8632,8 @@ msgstr "" "che si tratta di un'estensione di emacs, mailcrypt ha anche una dipendenza " "semplice da emacs, senza il quale è totalmente inutile." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:73 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:82 msgid "" "The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It " "means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and " @@ -8637,8 +8654,8 @@ msgstr "" "seriamente il sistema, quindi ciascun programma di trasporto della posta ha " "una dipendenza di conflitto verso tutti gli altri." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:83 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:92 msgid "" "As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend " "to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are " @@ -8659,8 +8676,8 @@ msgstr "" "dipendere da mail-transport-agent. Quando si cerca di modificare a mano i " "pacchetti, questo può portare a moltissima confusione." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:102 msgid "" "At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are " "already installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency " @@ -8672,77 +8689,84 @@ msgstr "" "problemi di dipendenze fornendo svariati algoritmi automatici, che aiutano a " "selezionare i pacchetti da installare." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:111 msgid "apt-get" msgstr "apt-get" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:102 -msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> provides a simple way to install packages from the " -"command line. Unlike <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> does not " -"understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and can only " -"install .deb archives from a <em>Source</em>." -msgstr "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> fornisce un modo semplice di installare i pacchetti " -"dalla riga di comando. Diversamente da <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</" -"prgn> non tratta i file .deb, ma utilizza il vero nome dei pacchetti e può " -"installare archivi .deb solo da una <em>fonte</em>." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:109 -msgid "" -"The first <footnote><p>If you are using an http proxy server you must set " -"the http_proxy environment variable first, see sources.list(5)</p></" -"footnote> thing that should be done before using <prgn>apt-get</prgn> is to " -"fetch the package lists from the <em>Sources</em> so that it knows what " -"packages are available. This is done with <tt>apt-get update</tt>. For " -"instance," -msgstr "" -"La prima <footnote><p>Se si sta usando un server proxy http, si deve prima " -"ancora impostare la variabile d'ambiente http_proxy; vedere sources.list(5)." -"</p></footnote> cosa da fare prima di usare <prgn>apt-get</prgn> è scaricare " -"gli elenchi dei pacchetti dalle <em>fonti</em> in modo che il programma " -"sappia quali pacchetti sono disponibili. Lo si fa con <tt>apt-get update</" -"tt>. Ad esempio," - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:116 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:113 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> provides a simple way to install packages from " +"the command line. Unlike <command>dpkg</command>, <command>apt-get</command> " +"does not understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and " +"can only install .deb archives from a <emphasis>Source</emphasis>." +msgstr "" +"<command>apt-get</command> fornisce un modo semplice di installare i " +"pacchetti dalla riga di comando. Diversamente da <command>dpkg</command>, " +"<command>apt-get</command> non tratta i file .deb, ma utilizza il vero nome " +"dei pacchetti e può installare archivi .deb solo da una <emphasis>fonte</" +"emphasis>." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"If you are using an http proxy server you must set the http_proxy " +"environment variable first, see sources.list(5)" +msgstr "" +"Se si sta usando un server proxy http, si deve prima ancora impostare la " +"variabile d'ambiente http_proxy; vedere sources.list(5)." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"The first <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> thing that should be " +"done before using <command>apt-get</command> is to fetch the package lists " +"from the <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> so that it knows what packages are " +"available. This is done with <literal>apt-get update</literal>. For instance," +msgstr "" +"La prima <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> cosa da fare prima di " +"usare <command>apt-get</command> è scaricare gli elenchi dei pacchetti dalle " +"<emphasis>fonti</emphasis> in modo che il programma sappia quali pacchetti " +"sono disponibili. Lo si fa con <literal>apt-get update</literal>. Ad esempio," + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Scaricamento di: http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Scaricamento di: http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Lettura elenco dei pacchetti... Fatto\n" -"Generazione albero delle dipendenze... Fatto" +"Generazione albero delle dipendenze... Fatto\n" -#. type: <p><taglist> -#: guide.sgml:120 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:134 msgid "Once updated there are several commands that can be used:" msgstr "Una volta aggiornato l'elenco, si possono usare svariati comandi:" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:121 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:138 msgid "upgrade" msgstr "upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:141 msgid "" "Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never " "install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever " "upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break. This can be " "used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade will list all of " "the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually means that they depend " -"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <prgn>dselect</prgn> or " -"<tt>apt-get install</tt> can be used to force these packages to install." +"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <command>dselect</" +"command> or <literal>apt-get install</literal> can be used to force these " +"packages to install." msgstr "" "Upgrade tenterà di fare un aggiornamento indolore del sistema completo, " "senza installare mai nuovi pacchetti o rimuoverne di esistenti, e senza mai " @@ -8751,15 +8775,15 @@ msgstr "" "Upgrade elencherà tutti i pacchetti che non avrà potuto aggiornare, cosa che " "in genere significa che questi dipendono da nuovi pacchetti o che vanno in " "conflitto con altri. Per forzare la loro installazione si può usare " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> o <tt>apt-get install</tt>." +"<command>dselect</command> o <literal>apt-get install</literal>." -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:153 msgid "install" msgstr "install" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:156 msgid "" "Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically " "fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of " @@ -8778,21 +8802,22 @@ msgstr "" "devono essere modificati altri pacchetti che non siano quelli sulla riga di " "comando." -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:167 msgid "dist-upgrade" msgstr "dist-upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:170 msgid "" "Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between " "releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best " "set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system " "to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use dist-" "upgrade rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> can be used to install any packages that may have been left out." +"<command>dselect</command>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then " +"<command>dselect</command> can be used to install any packages that may have " +"been left out." msgstr "" "Dist-upgrade fa un aggiornamento completo ed è progettato in modo da rendere " "semplici gli aggiornamenti tra i rilasci di Debian. Usa un algoritmo " @@ -8800,12 +8825,12 @@ msgstr "" "aggiornare e rimuovere per migrare alla versione più recente la maggior " "parte del sistema possibile. In alcune situazioni può essere vantaggioso " "usare dist-upgrade invece di dedicare tempo a risolvere manualmente le " -"dipendenze con <prgn>dselect</prgn>. Una volta completato il lavoro di dist-" -"upgrade, si può usare <prgn>dselect</prgn> per installare eventuali " -"pacchetti che sono stati tralasciati." +"dipendenze con <command>dselect</command>. Una volta completato il lavoro di " +"dist-upgrade, si può usare <command>dselect</command> per installare " +"eventuali pacchetti che sono stati tralasciati." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:152 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:180 msgid "" "It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its " "decisions may sometimes be quite surprising." @@ -8813,167 +8838,172 @@ msgstr "" "È importante controllare attentamente cosa intende fare dist-upgrade, dato " "che le sue decisioni a volte possono essere abbastanza sorprendenti." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:163 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:187 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" -#| "<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed " -#| "in its man page, <manref section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. The most useful " -#| "option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -#| "system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -#| "start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is " -#| "used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the " -#| "command that caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." -msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed in " -"its man page, <manref name=\"apt-get\" section=\"8\">. The most useful " -"option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -"system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -"start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is used " -"the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the command that " -"caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." -msgstr "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> ha diverse opzioni per la riga di comando, che sono " -"documentate dettagliatamente nella sua pagina di manuale, <manref section=" -"\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. L'opzione più utile è <tt>-d</tt>, che non installa " -"i file scaricati; se il sistema deve scaricare un gran numero di pacchetti, " -"non è bene iniziare ad installarli nel caso qualcosa dovesse andare storto. " -"Quando si usa <tt>-d</tt>, gli archivi scaricati possono essere installati " -"semplicemente eseguendo di nuovo lo stesso comando senza l'opzione <tt>-d</" -"tt>." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:168 +#| "<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are " +#| "detailed in its man page, <manref section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. The " +#| "most useful option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the " +#| "fetched files. If the system has to download a large number of package it " +#| "would be undesired to start installing them in case something goes wrong. " +#| "When <literal>-d</literal> is used the downloaded archives can be " +#| "installed by simply running the command that caused them to be downloaded " +#| "again without <literal>-d</literal>." +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are " +"detailed in its man page, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The most useful " +"option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the fetched files. If " +"the system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired " +"to start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <literal>-d</" +"literal> is used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running " +"the command that caused them to be downloaded again without <literal>-d</" +"literal>." +msgstr "" +"<command>apt-get</command> ha diverse opzioni per la riga di comando, che " +"sono documentate dettagliatamente nella sua pagina di manuale, <manref " +"section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. L'opzione più utile è <literal>-d</" +"literal>, che non installa i file scaricati; se il sistema deve scaricare un " +"gran numero di pacchetti, non è bene iniziare ad installarli nel caso " +"qualcosa dovesse andare storto. Quando si usa <literal>-d</literal>, gli " +"archivi scaricati possono essere installati semplicemente eseguendo di nuovo " +"lo stesso comando senza l'opzione <literal>-d</literal>." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:199 msgid "DSelect" msgstr "DSelect" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:173 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:201 msgid "" -"The APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method provides the complete APT system with " -"the <prgn>dselect</prgn> package selection GUI. <prgn>dselect</prgn> is used " -"to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT actually installs " -"them." +"The APT <command>dselect</command> method provides the complete APT system " +"with the <command>dselect</command> package selection GUI. <command>dselect</" +"command> is used to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT " +"actually installs them." msgstr "" -"Il metodo APT di <prgn>dselect</prgn> fornisce tutte le funzionalità del " -"sistema APT con l'interfaccia grafica di selezione dei pacchetti " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. <prgn>dselect</prgn> viene usato per selezionare i " -"pacchetti da installare o rimuovere, ed APT fa l'effettiva installazione." +"Il metodo APT di <command>dselect</command> fornisce tutte le funzionalità " +"del sistema APT con l'interfaccia grafica di selezione dei pacchetti " +"<command>dselect</command>. <command>dselect</command> viene usato per " +"selezionare i pacchetti da installare o rimuovere, ed APT fa l'effettiva " +"installazione." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:184 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:207 msgid "" -"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " -"<em>Sources</em> which are places to fetch archives from. These can be " -"remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source can " -"provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " +"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <command>dselect</" +"command> and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " +"<emphasis>Sources</emphasis> which are places to fetch archives from. These " +"can be remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source " +"can provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " "combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CD-ROM then " "it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you " "have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use packages on " "your CD-ROM before downloading from the Internet." msgstr "" -"Per abilitare il metodo APT si deve selezionare [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> e scegliere il metodo APT; verrà chiesto un insieme di fonti " -"(<em>Sources</em>), cioè di posti da cui scaricare gli archivi. Possono " -"essere siti Internet remoti, mirror locali di Debian o CD-ROM; ogni fonte " -"può fornire una parte dell'intero archivio Debian, ed APT le combinerà " -"automaticamente insieme per formare un insieme completo di pacchetti. Se si " -"ha un CD-ROM allora è una buona idea indicarlo per primo e poi specificare " -"un mirror, in modo da avere accesso alle ultime versioni con le soluzioni " -"dei bug. APT in questo modo userà automaticamente i pacchetti sul CD-ROM " -"prima di scaricarli da Internet." - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:198 +"Per abilitare il metodo APT si deve selezionare [A]ccess in " +"<command>dselect</command> e scegliere il metodo APT; verrà chiesto un " +"insieme di fonti (<emphasis>Sources</emphasis>), cioè di posti da cui " +"scaricare gli archivi. Possono essere siti Internet remoti, mirror locali di " +"Debian o CD-ROM; ogni fonte può fornire una parte dell'intero archivio " +"Debian, ed APT le combinerà automaticamente insieme per formare un insieme " +"completo di pacchetti. Se si ha un CD-ROM allora è una buona idea indicarlo " +"per primo e poi specificare un mirror, in modo da avere accesso alle ultime " +"versioni con le soluzioni dei bug. APT in questo modo userà automaticamente " +"i pacchetti sul CD-ROM prima di scaricarli da Internet." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:218 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" msgstr "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:232 msgid "" -"The <em>Sources</em> setup starts by asking for the base of the Debian " -"archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution to " -"get." +"The <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> setup starts by asking for the base of the " +"Debian archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the " +"distribution to get." msgstr "" -"La configurazione delle <em>fonti</em> inizia chiedendo la base " +"La configurazione delle <emphasis>fonti</emphasis> inizia chiedendo la base " "dell'archivio Debian, proponendo in modo predefinito un mirror HTTP; " "successivamente viene chiesta la distribuzione da scaricare." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:212 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:237 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" msgstr "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:222 -msgid "" -"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, <em>stable</" -"em> refers to the latest released version and <em>unstable</em> refers to " -"the developmental version. <em>non-US</em> is only available on some mirrors " -"and refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things " -"that cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages " -"into the US is legal however." -msgstr "" -"La distribuzione indica la versione Debian dell'archivio: <em>stable</em> è " -"l'ultima versione rilasciata e <em>unstable</em> è quella di sviluppo. " -"<em>non-US</em> è disponibile solo su alcuni mirror e contiene dei pacchetti " -"in cui viene usata della tecnologia di cifratura o altre cose che non " -"possono essere esportate dagli Stati Uniti; importare questi pacchetti negli " -"USA è però legale." - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:228 +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:244 +msgid "" +"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, " +"<emphasis>stable</emphasis> refers to the latest released version and " +"<emphasis>unstable</emphasis> refers to the developmental version. " +"<emphasis>non-US</emphasis> is only available on some mirrors and refers to " +"packages that contain encryption technology or other things that cannot be " +"exported from the United States. Importing these packages into the US is " +"legal however." +msgstr "" +"La distribuzione indica la versione Debian dell'archivio: <emphasis>stable</" +"emphasis> è l'ultima versione rilasciata e <emphasis>unstable</emphasis> è " +"quella di sviluppo. <emphasis>non-US</emphasis> è disponibile solo su alcuni " +"mirror e contiene dei pacchetti in cui viene usata della tecnologia di " +"cifratura o altre cose che non possono essere esportate dagli Stati Uniti; " +"importare questi pacchetti negli USA è però legale." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:253 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Components [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Components [main contrib non-free]:\n" msgstr "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Components [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Components [main contrib non-free]:\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:236 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:259 msgid "" "The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The " "distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free " @@ -8986,8 +9016,8 @@ msgstr "" "mentre contrib e non-free contengono software che ha diverse restrizioni " "sull'uso e sulla distribuzione." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:240 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:265 msgid "" "Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt " "until you have specified all that you want." @@ -8996,23 +9026,24 @@ msgstr "" "configurazione continuerà a chiedere fino a che non sono state specificate " "tutte quelle desiderate." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:247 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:269 msgid "" -"Before starting to use <prgn>dselect</prgn> it is necessary to update the " -"available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> that makes the fetched information available to " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. [U]pdate must be performed even if <tt>apt-get update</" -"tt> has been run before." +"Before starting to use <command>dselect</command> it is necessary to update " +"the available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset " +"of <literal>apt-get update</literal> that makes the fetched information " +"available to <command>dselect</command>. [U]pdate must be performed even if " +"<literal>apt-get update</literal> has been run before." msgstr "" -"Prima di cominciare a usare <prgn>dselect</prgn> è necessario aggiornare " -"l'elenco dei pacchetti disponibili selezionando [U]pdate dal menù: si tratta " -"di un sovrainsieme di ciò che fa <tt>apt-get update</tt>, che rende le " -"informazioni scaricate disponibili a <prgn>dselect</prgn>. [U]pdate deve " -"essere usato anche se prima è stato eseguito <tt>apt-get update</tt>." +"Prima di cominciare a usare <command>dselect</command> è necessario " +"aggiornare l'elenco dei pacchetti disponibili selezionando [U]pdate dal " +"menù: si tratta di un sovrainsieme di ciò che fa <literal>apt-get update</" +"literal>, che rende le informazioni scaricate disponibili a " +"<command>dselect</command>. [U]pdate deve essere usato anche se prima è " +"stato eseguito <literal>apt-get update</literal>." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:253 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:276 msgid "" "You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform " "the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and " @@ -9024,77 +9055,94 @@ msgstr "" "[C]onfig e [R]emove non hanno significato, dato che entrambe le fasi sono " "contenute in [I]nstall." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:258 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:282 msgid "" "By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they " -"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place <tt>Dselect::" -"clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place " +"<literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." msgstr "" "In modo predefinito APT rimuoverà automaticamente i file (.deb) dei " "pacchetti che sono stati installati con successo. Per modificare questo " -"comportamento, inserire <tt>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt." -"conf." +"comportamento, inserire <literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> in /" +"etc/apt/apt.conf." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:264 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:288 msgid "The Interface" msgstr "L'interfaccia" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:278 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:292 msgid "" -"Both that APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> share the " -"same interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what it will " -"do and then goes and does it. <footnote><p>The <prgn>dselect</prgn> method " -"actually is a set of wrapper scripts to <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. The method " -"actually provides more functionality than is present in <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"alone.</p></footnote> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " +"The <command>dselect</command> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts " +"to <command>apt-get</command>. The method actually provides more " +"functionality than is present in <command>apt-get</command> alone." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:290 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Both that APT <command>dselect</command> method and <command>apt-get</" +#| "command> share the same interface. It is a simple system that generally " +#| "tells you what it will do and then goes and does it. <footnote><para>The " +#| "<command>dselect</command> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts to " +#| "<command>apt-get</command>. The method actually provides more " +#| "functionality than is present in <command>apt-get</command> alone.</" +#| "para></footnote> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " +#| "then will print out some informative status messages so that you can " +#| "estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." +msgid "" +"Both that APT <command>dselect</command> method and <command>apt-get</" +"command> share the same interface. It is a simple system that generally " +"tells you what it will do and then goes and does it. <placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " "then will print out some informative status messages so that you can " "estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." msgstr "" -"Sia il metodo APT per <prgn>dselect</prgn> sia <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"condividono la stessa interfaccia; si tratta di un sistema semplice che " -"indica in genere cosa sta per fare, e poi lo fa. <footnote><p>Il metodo " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> è in realtà un insieme di script di wrapper per " -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn>. Il metodo di fatto fornisce delle funzionalità " -"maggiori del solo <prgn>apt-get</prgn>.</p></footnote> Dopo la stampa di un " -"riassunto delle operazioni che saranno fatte, APT stampa dei messaggi " -"informativi sullo stato, in modo da poter avere un'idea del punto a cui " -"arrivato e di quanto ci sia ancora da fare." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:280 +"Sia il metodo APT per <command>dselect</command> sia <command>apt-get</" +"command> condividono la stessa interfaccia; si tratta di un sistema semplice " +"che indica in genere cosa sta per fare, e poi lo fa. <footnote><para>Il " +"metodo <command>dselect</command> è in realtà un insieme di script di " +"wrapper per <command>apt-get</command>. Il metodo di fatto fornisce delle " +"funzionalità maggiori del solo <command>apt-get</command>.</para></footnote> " +"Dopo la stampa di un riassunto delle operazioni che saranno fatte, APT " +"stampa dei messaggi informativi sullo stato, in modo da poter avere un'idea " +"del punto a cui arrivato e di quanto ci sia ancora da fare." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:301 msgid "Startup" msgstr "Avvio" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:284 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:303 msgid "" "Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to " "prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's state. " -"At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get check</" -"tt>." +"At any time these operations can be performed by running <literal>apt-get " +"check</literal>." msgstr "" "Prima di ogni operazione, eccetto update, APT compie alcune operazioni per " "preparare il suo stato interno; fa inoltre dei controlli sullo stato del " "sistema. In qualsiasi momento le stesse operazioni possono essere fatte con " -"<tt>apt-get check</tt>." +"<literal>apt-get check</literal>." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:289 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:309 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Lettura elenco pacchetti... Fatto\n" -"Generazione albero delle dipendenze... Fatto" +"Generazione albero delle dipendenze... Fatto\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:297 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:314 msgid "" "The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses " "a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is run. " @@ -9107,22 +9155,22 @@ msgstr "" "trovati, sono ignorati e viene stampato un avvertimento all'uscita di apt-" "get." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:303 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:320 msgid "" "The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's " "dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked " "package and considers if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report " -"will be printed out and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will refuse to run." +"will be printed out and <command>apt-get</command> will refuse to run." msgstr "" "L'operazione finale consiste in un'analisi dettagliata delle dipendenze del " "sistema: viene controllato che tutte le dipendenze dei singoli pacchetti " "installati o non scompattati siano soddisfatte. Se vengono individuati dei " -"problemi, viene stampato un resoconto, e <prgn>apt-get</prgn> esce senza " -"eseguire alcuna operazione." +"problemi, viene stampato un resoconto, e <command>apt-get</command> esce " +"senza eseguire alcuna operazione." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:320 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:326 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" @@ -9132,14 +9180,14 @@ msgid "" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Lettura elenco pacchetti... Fatto\n" @@ -9148,17 +9196,17 @@ msgstr "" "I seguenti pacchetti hanno dipendenze non soddisfatte:\n" " 9fonts: Dipende: xlib6g ma non è installato\n" " uucp: Dipende: mailx ma non è installato\n" -" blast: Dipende: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ma non è installato\n" +" blast: Dipende: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ma non è installato\n" " adduser: Dipende: perl-base ma non è installato\n" " aumix: Dipende: libgpmg1 ma non è installato\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Dipende: sgml-base ma non è installato\n" -" bash-builtins: Dipende: bash (>= 2.01) ma la versione 2.0-3 è installata\n" +" bash-builtins: Dipende: bash (>= 2.01) ma la versione 2.0-3 è installata\n" " cthugha: Dipende: svgalibg1 ma non è installato\n" -" Dipende: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ma non è installato\n" -" libreadlineg2: Va in conflitto: libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Dipende: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ma non è installato\n" +" libreadlineg2: Va in conflitto: libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:329 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:343 msgid "" "In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem " "with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is " @@ -9172,86 +9220,105 @@ msgstr "" "dipendenze non sono soddisfatte. Viene inclusa inoltre una breve spiegazione " "del perché il pacchetto ha un problema di dipendenze." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:337 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:352 +msgid "" +"APT however considers all known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken " +"packages" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:350 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The " +#| "first is caused by <command>dpkg</command> missing some subtle " +#| "relationships between packages when performing upgrades. " +#| "<footnote><para>APT however considers all known dependencies and attempts " +#| "to prevent broken packages</para></footnote>. The second is if a package " +#| "installation fails during an operation. In this situation a package may " +#| "have been unpacked without its dependents being installed." msgid "" "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The first " -"is caused by <prgn>dpkg</prgn> missing some subtle relationships between " -"packages when performing upgrades. <footnote><p>APT however considers all " -"known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken packages</p></footnote>. " -"The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. In this " -"situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents being " -"installed." +"is caused by <command>dpkg</command> missing some subtle relationships " +"between packages when performing upgrades. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>. The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. " +"In this situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents " +"being installed." msgstr "" "Ci sono due modi in cui un sistema può arrivare in uno stato problematico di " -"questo genere: il primo avviene se <prgn>dpkg</prgn> non ha ravvisato alcune " -"relazioni delicate tra i pacchetti durante un aggiornamento. " -"<footnote><p>APT invece considera tutte le dipendenze note e cerca di " -"evitare la presenza di pacchetti difettosi.</p></footnote> Il secondo è " +"questo genere: il primo avviene se <command>dpkg</command> non ha ravvisato " +"alcune relazioni delicate tra i pacchetti durante un aggiornamento. " +"<footnote><para>APT invece considera tutte le dipendenze note e cerca di " +"evitare la presenza di pacchetti difettosi.</para></footnote> Il secondo è " "possibile se l'installazione di un pacchetto fallisce; in questo caso è " "possibile che un pacchetto venga scompattato senza che tutti quelli da cui " "dipende siano stati installati." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:345 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:359 msgid "" "The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places " "certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases " -"supplying the <tt>-f</tt> option to <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will cause APT to " -"deduce a possible solution to the problem and then continue on. The APT " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> method always supplies the <tt>-f</tt> option to allow " -"for easy continuation of failed maintainer scripts." +"supplying the <literal>-f</literal> option to <command>apt-get</command> " +"will cause APT to deduce a possible solution to the problem and then " +"continue on. The APT <command>dselect</command> method always supplies the " +"<literal>-f</literal> option to allow for easy continuation of failed " +"maintainer scripts." msgstr "" "La seconda situazione è molto meno seria della prima, dato che APT pone " "alcune restrizioni sull'ordine di installazione dei pacchetti. In entrambi i " -"casi l'opzione <tt>-f</tt> di <prgn>apt-get</prgn> farà sì che APT trovi una " -"soluzione possibile e possa continuare. Il metodo APT di <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> comprende sempre l'opzione <tt>-f</tt> per permettere di continuare " -"facilmente anche in caso di script dei manutentori errati." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:351 -msgid "" -"However, if the <tt>-f</tt> option is used to correct a seriously broken " -"system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either fail " -"immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either case it is " -"necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct " -"the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." -msgstr "" -"Tuttavia, se l'opzione <tt>-f</tt> viene usata per correggere un sistema in " -"uno stato molto problematico causato da una situazione del primo tipo, è " -"possibile che l'operazione fallisca subito o che fallisca durante la " +"casi l'opzione <literal>-f</literal> di <command>apt-get</command> farà sì " +"che APT trovi una soluzione possibile e possa continuare. Il metodo APT di " +"<command>dselect</command> comprende sempre l'opzione <literal>-f</literal> " +"per permettere di continuare facilmente anche in caso di script dei " +"manutentori errati." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:368 +msgid "" +"However, if the <literal>-f</literal> option is used to correct a seriously " +"broken system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will " +"either fail immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either " +"case it is necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to " +"correct the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." +msgstr "" +"Tuttavia, se l'opzione <literal>-f</literal> viene usata per correggere un " +"sistema in uno stato molto problematico causato da una situazione del primo " +"tipo, è possibile che l'operazione fallisca subito o che fallisca durante la " "sequenza di installazione. In entrambi i casi è necessario usare dpkg a mano " "(probabilmente usando delle opzioni di forzatura) per correggere quanto " "basta per poter fare continuare APT." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:356 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:376 msgid "The Status Report" msgstr "Il resoconto sullo stato" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:363 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:378 msgid "" -"Before proceeding <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will present a report on what will " -"happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed " -"but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists reflect the " -"final state of things, taking into account the <tt>-f</tt> option and any " -"other relevant activities to the command being executed." +"Before proceeding <command>apt-get</command> will present a report on what " +"will happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being " +"performed but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists " +"reflect the final state of things, taking into account the <literal>-f</" +"literal> option and any other relevant activities to the command being " +"executed." msgstr "" -"Prima di procedere, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> presenterà un resoconto delle " +"Prima di procedere, <command>apt-get</command> presenterà un resoconto delle " "operazioni che sta per fare. In genere tale resoconto varierà con il tipo di " "operazione da fare, ma ci sono svariati elementi comuni: in tutti i casi gli " "elenchi riflettono lo stato finale delle cose, e tengono conto dell'opzione " -"<tt>-f</tt> e di altre attività rilevanti per il comando da eseguire." +"<literal>-f</literal> e di altre attività rilevanti per il comando da " +"eseguire." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:364 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:385 msgid "The Extra Package list" msgstr "L'elenco dei pacchetti extra" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:372 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:387 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" @@ -9259,86 +9326,87 @@ msgid "" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" msgstr "" "I seguenti pacchetti saranno inoltre installati:\n" " libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl\n" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:379 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:395 msgid "" "The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or " "upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only " -"generated for an <tt>install</tt> command. The listed packages are often the " -"result of an Auto Install." +"generated for an <literal>install</literal> command. The listed packages are " +"often the result of an Auto Install." msgstr "" "L'elenco dei pacchetti extra mostra tutti i pacchetti che verranno " "installati o aggiornati oltre a quelli indicati sulla riga di comando. Viene " -"generato solo per il comando <tt>install</tt>. I pacchetti elencati sono " -"spesso il risultato di un'operazione di installazione automatica." +"generato solo per il comando <literal>install</literal>. I pacchetti " +"elencati sono spesso il risultato di un'operazione di installazione " +"automatica." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:382 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:402 msgid "The Packages to Remove" msgstr "I pacchetti da rimuovere" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:389 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:404 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" msgstr "" "I seguenti pacchetti saranno RIMOSSI:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:399 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:411 msgid "" "The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed " "from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be " "given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to be taken off. " -"The <tt>-f</tt> option is especially good at generating packages to remove " -"so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain packages " -"that are going to be removed because they are only partially installed, " -"possibly due to an aborted installation." +"The <literal>-f</literal> option is especially good at generating packages " +"to remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain " +"packages that are going to be removed because they are only partially " +"installed, possibly due to an aborted installation." msgstr "" "L'elenco dei pacchetti da rimuovere indica tutti i pacchetti che verranno " "rimossi dal sistema. Può essere mostrato per una qualsiasi delle operazioni, " "e deve sempre essere esaminato attentamente per assicurarsi che non venga " -"eliminato qualcosa di importante. Con l'opzione <tt>-f</tt> è " +"eliminato qualcosa di importante. Con l'opzione <literal>-f</literal> è " "particolarmente probabile che vengano eliminati dei pacchetti, perciò in " "questo caso va fatta particolare attenzione. L'elenco può contenere dei " "pacchetti che verranno rimossi perché sono solo parzialmente installati, " "forse a causa di un'installazione non terminata correttamente." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:402 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:421 msgid "The New Packages list" msgstr "L'elenco dei nuovi pacchetti installati" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:406 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:423 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" msgstr "" "I seguenti pacchetti NUOVI saranno installati:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:411 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:427 msgid "" "The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages " "listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is " @@ -9348,32 +9416,32 @@ msgstr "" "quello che accadrà. I pacchetti nell'elenco non sono al momento installati " "nel sistema, ma lo saranno alla fine delle operazioni di APT." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:414 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:432 msgid "The Kept Back list" msgstr "L'elenco dei pacchetti bloccati" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:419 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:434 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" msgstr "" "I seguenti pacchetti sono stati mantenuti alla versione attuale:\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:428 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:439 msgid "" "Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that " "new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things " "or conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will " "appear in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed there " -"to install is with <tt>apt-get install</tt> or by using <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"to resolve their problems." +"to install is with <literal>apt-get install</literal> or by using " +"<command>dselect</command> to resolve their problems." msgstr "" "In ogni caso in cui il sistema viene aggiornato nel suo insieme, c'è la " "possibilità che non possano venire installate nuove versioni di alcuni " @@ -9381,26 +9449,27 @@ msgstr "" "presenti nel sistema o entrare in conflitto con altri già presenti. In " "questo caso, il pacchetto viene elencato nella lista di quelli mantenuti " "alla versione attuale. Il miglior modo per forzare l'installazione dei " -"pacchetti elencati in questa lista è installarli con <tt>apt-get install</" -"tt> o usare <prgn>dselect</prgn> per risolvere i problemi." +"pacchetti elencati in questa lista è installarli con <literal>apt-get " +"install</literal> o usare <command>dselect</command> per risolvere i " +"problemi." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:431 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:448 msgid "Held Packages warning" msgstr "Messaggi di avvertimento sui pacchetti bloccati" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:435 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:450 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" msgstr "" "I seguenti pacchetti bloccati saranno cambiati:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:441 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:454 msgid "" "Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a " "case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be changed. " @@ -9411,32 +9480,32 @@ msgstr "" "pacchetto verrà modificato. Questo dovrebbe accadere solo durante operazioni " "di dist-upgrade o di install." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:444 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:460 msgid "Final summary" msgstr "Resoconto finale" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:447 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:462 msgid "" "Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur." msgstr "" "Infine, APT stamperà un riassunto di tutte le modifiche che accadranno." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:452 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:465 #, no-wrap msgid "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" -"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." +"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used.\n" msgstr "" "206 aggiornati, 8 installati, 23 da rimuovere e 51 non aggiornati.\n" "12 non completamente installati o rimossi..\n" -"È necessario scaricare 65.7M/66.7M di archivi. Dopo quest'operazione, verranno occupati 26.5M di spazio su disco." +"È necessario scaricare 65.7M/66.7M di archivi. Dopo quest'operazione, verranno occupati 26.5M di spazio su disco.\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:470 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:470 msgid "" "The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the " "lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already " @@ -9466,8 +9535,8 @@ msgstr "" "in /usr dopo l'installazione. Se si stanno rimuovendo molti pacchetti, " "allora il valore può indicare lo spazio che verrà liberato." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:473 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:484 msgid "" "Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages " "to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples." @@ -9475,13 +9544,13 @@ msgstr "" "Si possono generare altri resoconti usando l'opzione -u per mostrare i " "pacchetti da aggiornare, ma sono simili all'esempio precedente." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:477 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:491 msgid "The Status Display" msgstr "La visualizzazione dello stato" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:481 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:493 msgid "" "During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of " "status messages." @@ -9489,8 +9558,8 @@ msgstr "" "Durante lo scaricamento degli archivi e dei file dei pacchetti APT stampa " "una serie di messaggi di stato." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:490 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:497 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" @@ -9499,7 +9568,7 @@ msgid "" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Scaricamento di:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" @@ -9507,129 +9576,127 @@ msgstr "" "Trovato http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Scaricamento di:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Scaricamento di:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:500 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:506 msgid "" -"The lines starting with <em>Get</em> are printed out when APT begins to " -"fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the download. The " -"first percent value on the progress line indicates the total percent done of " -"all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files is unknown " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> estimates the percent done which causes some " -"inaccuracies." +"The lines starting with <emphasis>Get</emphasis> are printed out when APT " +"begins to fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the " +"download. The first percent value on the progress line indicates the total " +"percent done of all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files " +"is unknown <literal>apt-get update</literal> estimates the percent done " +"which causes some inaccuracies." msgstr "" -"Le righe che cominciano con <em>Scaricamento di</em> vengono stampate quando " -"APT inizia a scaricare un file, mentre l'ultima riga indica il progresso " -"dell'operazione. Il primo valore in percentuale nella riga di progresso " -"indica la percentuale totale scaricata di tutti i file; dato che la " -"dimensione dei file Package non è nota, purtroppo a volte <tt>apt-get " -"update</tt> fa una stima poco accurata." +"Le righe che cominciano con <emphasis>Scaricamento di</emphasis> vengono " +"stampate quando APT inizia a scaricare un file, mentre l'ultima riga indica " +"il progresso dell'operazione. Il primo valore in percentuale nella riga di " +"progresso indica la percentuale totale scaricata di tutti i file; dato che " +"la dimensione dei file Package non è nota, purtroppo a volte <literal>apt-" +"get update</literal> fa una stima poco accurata." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:509 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:514 msgid "" "The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download " "thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful " "information about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read " -"<em>Forking</em> which means the OS is loading the download module. The " -"first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the history lines. " -"The next word is the short form name of the object being downloaded. For " -"archives it will contain the name of the package that is being fetched." +"<emphasis>Forking</emphasis> which means the OS is loading the download " +"module. The first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the " +"history lines. The next word is the short form name of the object being " +"downloaded. For archives it will contain the name of the package that is " +"being fetched." msgstr "" "La sezione successiva della riga di stato viene ripetuta una volta per " "ciascuna istanza di scaricamento, ed indica l'operazione in corso, insieme " "ad alcune informazioni utili su cosa stia accadendo. A volte questa sezione " -"contiene solamente <em>Forking</em>, che significa che il sistema operativo " -"sta caricando il modulo per lo scaricamento. La prima parola dopo la " -"parentesi quadra aperta è il numero dello scaricamento come mostrato nelle " -"righe della cronologia. La parola successiva è il nome breve dell'oggetto " -"che si sta scaricando, che per gli archivi è il nome del pacchetto." +"contiene solamente <emphasis>Forking</emphasis>, che significa che il " +"sistema operativo sta caricando il modulo per lo scaricamento. La prima " +"parola dopo la parentesi quadra aperta è il numero dello scaricamento come " +"mostrato nelle righe della cronologia. La parola successiva è il nome breve " +"dell'oggetto che si sta scaricando, che per gli archivi è il nome del " +"pacchetto." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:524 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:524 msgid "" "Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress " "of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from " -"<em>Connecting</em> to <em>Waiting for file</em> to <em>Downloading</em> or " -"<em>Resuming</em>. The final value is the number of bytes downloaded from " -"the remote site. Once the download begins this is represented as " -"<tt>102/10.2k</tt> indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 " -"kilobytes is expected. The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation " -"to preserve space. After the size display is a percent meter for the file " -"itself. The second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This " -"values is updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for " -"that period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated " -"regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown transfer " -"rate." +"<emphasis>Connecting</emphasis> to <emphasis>Waiting for file</emphasis> to " +"<emphasis>Downloading</emphasis> or <emphasis>Resuming</emphasis>. The final " +"value is the number of bytes downloaded from the remote site. Once the " +"download begins this is represented as <literal>102/10.2k</literal> " +"indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is expected. " +"The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve space. After " +"the size display is a percent meter for the file itself. The second last " +"element is the instantaneous average speed. This values is updated every 5 " +"seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for that period. Finally is " +"shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated regularly and reflects " +"the time to complete everything at the shown transfer rate." msgstr "" "All'interno delle virgolette singole c'è una stringa informativa, che indica " "il progresso della fase di negoziazione dello scaricamento. Tipicamente " -"comincia con <em>Connecting</em>, procede con <em>Waiting for file</em> e " -"poi con <em>Downloading</em> o <em>Resuming</em>; il valore finale è il " -"numero di byte che sono stati scaricati dal sito remoto. Una volta " -"cominciato lo scaricamento, viene rappresentato come <tt>102/10.2k</tt>, che " -"indica che sono stati scaricati 102 byte su 10,2 kilobyte attesi. La " -"dimensione totale viene sempre espressa in notazione a quattro cifre, per " -"risparmiare spazio. Dopo la dimensione viene indicato un indicatore " -"progressivo della percentuale del file. Il penultimo elemento è la velocità " -"istantanea media, che viene aggiornata ogni 5 secondi e riflette la velocità " -"di trasferimento dei dati in quel periodo. Infine, viene visualizzato il " -"tempo stimato per il trasferimento, che viene aggiornato periodicamente e " -"riflette il tempo necessario per completare tutte le operazioni alla " -"velocità di trasferimento mostrata." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:530 +"comincia con <emphasis>Connecting</emphasis>, procede con <emphasis>Waiting " +"for file</emphasis> e poi con <emphasis>Downloading</emphasis> o " +"<emphasis>Resuming</emphasis>; il valore finale è il numero di byte che sono " +"stati scaricati dal sito remoto. Una volta cominciato lo scaricamento, viene " +"rappresentato come <literal>102/10.2k</literal>, che indica che sono stati " +"scaricati 102 byte su 10,2 kilobyte attesi. La dimensione totale viene " +"sempre espressa in notazione a quattro cifre, per risparmiare spazio. Dopo " +"la dimensione viene indicato un indicatore progressivo della percentuale del " +"file. Il penultimo elemento è la velocità istantanea media, che viene " +"aggiornata ogni 5 secondi e riflette la velocità di trasferimento dei dati " +"in quel periodo. Infine, viene visualizzato il tempo stimato per il " +"trasferimento, che viene aggiornato periodicamente e riflette il tempo " +"necessario per completare tutte le operazioni alla velocità di trasferimento " +"mostrata." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:539 msgid "" "The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback " "on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file " "is started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is unsuitable " -"for logging to a file, use the <tt>-q</tt> option to remove the status " -"display." +"for logging to a file, use the <literal>-q</literal> option to remove the " +"status display." msgstr "" "La visualizzazione dello stato viene aggiornata ogni mezzo secondo per " "fornire un feedback costante sul processo di scaricamento, e le righe Get " "scorrono in alto quando viene avviato lo scaricamento di un nuovo file. Dato " "che la visualizzazione dello stato viene costantemente aggiornata, non è " "adatta per essere registrata in un file; per non visualizzarla si può usare " -"l'opzione <tt>-q</tt>." +"l'opzione <literal>-q</literal>." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:535 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:547 msgid "Dpkg" msgstr "Dpkg" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:542 -msgid "" -"APT uses <prgn>dpkg</prgn> for installing the archives and will switch over " -"to the <prgn>dpkg</prgn> interface once downloading is completed. " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> will also ask a number of questions as it processes the " -"packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. Before " -"each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and the " -"questions are too varied to discuss completely here." -msgstr "" -"APT usa <prgn>dpkg</prgn> per installare gli archivi e passerà " -"all'interfaccia di <prgn>dpkg</prgn> una volta completati gli scaricamenti. " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> porrà anche alcune domande durante l'elaborazione dei " -"pacchetti, ed i pacchetti stessi potranno farne altre. Prima di ciascuna " -"domanda viene proposta di solito una descrizione di ciò che viene chiesto, e " -"le domande sono troppo diverse per poter essere discusse in maniera completa " -"in questa occasione." - -#. type: <title></title> -#: offline.sgml:4 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:549 +msgid "" +"APT uses <command>dpkg</command> for installing the archives and will switch " +"over to the <command>dpkg</command> interface once downloading is completed. " +"<command>dpkg</command> will also ask a number of questions as it processes " +"the packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. " +"Before each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and " +"the questions are too varied to discuss completely here." +msgstr "" +"APT usa <command>dpkg</command> per installare gli archivi e passerà " +"all'interfaccia di <command>dpkg</command> una volta completati gli " +"scaricamenti. <command>dpkg</command> porrà anche alcune domande durante " +"l'elaborazione dei pacchetti, ed i pacchetti stessi potranno farne altre. " +"Prima di ciascuna domanda viene proposta di solito una descrizione di ciò " +"che viene chiesto, e le domande sono troppo diverse per poter essere " +"discusse in maniera completa in questa occasione." + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: offline.dbk:10 msgid "Using APT Offline" msgstr "Usare APT offline" -#. type: <version></version> -#: offline.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" - -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: offline.sgml:12 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: offline.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, " "specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades." @@ -9638,23 +9705,24 @@ msgstr "" "rete, specificatamente un approccio «sfrutta-altra-rete» per fare gli " "aggiornamenti." -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: offline.sgml:16 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: offline.dbk:29 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:47 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Introduzione" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:34 offline.sgml:65 offline.sgml:180 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:49 offline.dbk:79 offline.dbk:191 msgid "Overview" msgstr "Panoramica" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:40 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:51 msgid "" "Normally APT requires direct access to a Debian archive, either from a local " "media or through a network. Another common complaint is that a Debian " @@ -9666,8 +9734,8 @@ msgstr "" "ha un collegamento lento, come un modem, e un'altra macchina ha una " "connessione veloce, ma le due sono fisicamente distanti." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:51 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:57 msgid "" "The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a " "SuperDisk disc. These discs are not large enough to store the entire Debian " @@ -9675,9 +9743,9 @@ msgid "" "to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch " "them onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is even " "possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely " -"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <em>remote host</em> mean " -"the machine downloading the packages, and <em>target host</em> the one with " -"bad or no connection." +"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <emphasis>remote host</" +"emphasis> mean the machine downloading the packages, and <emphasis>target " +"host</emphasis> the one with bad or no connection." msgstr "" "La soluzione è usare supporti rimovibili grandi come un disco Zip o uno " "SuperDisk. Questi dischi non sono grandi abbastanza per memorizzare l'intero " @@ -9687,12 +9755,12 @@ msgstr "" "nel disco usando un'altra macchina con una buona connettività. È possibile " "anche usare un'altra macchina Debian con APT o usare un sistema operativo " "completamente diverso e uno strumento per scaricare file come wget. In " -"questo documento con <em>host remoto</em> viene indicata la macchina che " -"scarica i pacchetti, e <em>host di destinazione</em> è quella senza " -"connessione o con una connessione non buona." +"questo documento con <emphasis>host remoto</emphasis> viene indicata la " +"macchina che scarica i pacchetti, e <emphasis>host di destinazione</" +"emphasis> è quella senza connessione o con una connessione non buona." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:68 msgid "" "This is achieved by creatively manipulating the APT configuration file. The " "essential premise to tell APT to look on a disc for it's archive files. Note " @@ -9705,13 +9773,13 @@ msgstr "" "essere formattato con un file system che può gestire i nomi di file lunghi, " "come ext2, fat32 o vfat." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:77 msgid "Using APT on both machines" msgstr "Usare APT su entrambe le macchine" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:71 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:81 msgid "" "APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The " "basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the " @@ -9724,8 +9792,8 @@ msgstr "" "per decidere quali pacchetti scaricare. La struttura delle directory sul " "disco deve essere simile a:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:80 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:87 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /disc/\n" @@ -9735,7 +9803,7 @@ msgid "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" msgstr "" " /disc/\n" " archives/\n" @@ -9744,42 +9812,43 @@ msgstr "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:98 msgid "The configuration file" msgstr "Il file di configurazione" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:100 msgid "" "The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and to " "use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should " "contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and " -"the status file should be a copy of <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> from the " -"<em>target host</em>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must " -"use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." +"the status file should be a copy of <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</" +"emphasis> from the <emphasis>target host</emphasis>. Please note, if you are " +"using a local archive you must use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to " +"file URIs." msgstr "" "Il file di configurazione deve indicare ad APT di memorizzare i suoi file " "sul disco e di usare i file di configurazione anch'essi sul disco. Il file " "sources.list deve contenere i siti appropriati che si desiderano usare dalla " -"macchina remota e il file di stato dovrebbe essere una copia di <em>/var/lib/" -"dpkg/status</em> della <em>macchina di destinazione</em>. Notare che, se si " -"sta usando un archivio locale, si devono usare URI «copy» la cui sintassi è " -"identica a quella degli URI «file»." +"macchina remota e il file di stato dovrebbe essere una copia di <emphasis>/" +"var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> della <emphasis>macchina di destinazione</" +"emphasis>. Notare che, se si sta usando un archivio locale, si devono usare " +"URI «copy» la cui sintassi è identica a quella degli URI «file»." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:100 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:108 msgid "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> must contain the necessary information to make APT use the " -"disc:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> must contain the necessary information to make " +"APT use the disc:" msgstr "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> deve contenere le informazioni necessarie per far sì che " -"APT usi il disco:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> deve contenere le informazioni necessarie per " +"far sì che APT usi il disco:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:124 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:112 #, no-wrap msgid "" " APT\n" @@ -9787,10 +9856,10 @@ msgid "" " /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" @@ -9801,20 +9870,20 @@ msgid "" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" msgstr "" " APT\n" " {\n" " /* Questo non è necessario se le due macchine hanno la stessa architettura,\n" " dice ad APT remoto qual è l'architettura della macchina di destinazione */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Usa il disco per le informazioni sullo stato e ridirige il file di stato\n" @@ -9825,67 +9894,70 @@ msgstr "" " // Le cache binarie saranno memorizzate in locale\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Posizione dell'elenco di fonti.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:129 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:137 msgid "" "More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample " -"configuration file in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"configuration file in <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</" +"emphasis>." msgstr "" "Si possono vedere informazioni più dettagliate nella pagina di manuale di " -"apt.conf e nel file di configurazione d'esempio in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/" -"examples/apt.conf</em>." +"apt.conf e nel file di configurazione d'esempio in <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/" +"apt/examples/apt.conf</emphasis>." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:136 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:142 msgid "" -"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy <em>/" -"var/lib/dpkg/status</em> to it. You will also need to create the directories " -"outlined in the Overview, <em>archives/partial/</em> and <em>lists/partial/</" -"em>. Then take the disc to the remote machine and configure the sources." -"list. On the remote machine execute the following:" +"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy " +"<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> to it. You will also need to " +"create the directories outlined in the Overview, <emphasis>archives/partial/" +"</emphasis> and <emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Then take the disc to " +"the remote machine and configure the sources.list. On the remote machine " +"execute the following:" msgstr "" "Nella macchina di destinazione, la prima cosa da fare è montare il disco e " -"copiarvi <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em>. Sarà anche necessario creare le " -"directory elencate nella panoramica: <em>archives/partial/</em> e <em>lists/" -"partial/</em>. Poi portare il disco nella macchina remota e configurare il " -"file sources.list; in tale macchina eseguire:" +"copiarvi <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis>. Sarà anche necessario " +"creare le directory elencate nella panoramica: <emphasis>archives/partial/</" +"emphasis> e <emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Poi portare il disco nella " +"macchina remota e configurare il file sources.list; in tale macchina " +"eseguire:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:142 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:151 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT fetches the package files ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]" +" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT scarica i file degli elenchi dei pacchetti ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT scarica tutti i pacchetti necessari per aggiornare la macchina di destinazione ]" +" [ APT scarica tutti i pacchetti necessari per aggiornare la macchina di destinazione ]\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:158 msgid "" "The dist-upgrade command can be replaced with any other standard APT " "commands, particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end " -"such as <em>dselect</em>. However this presents a problem in communicating " -"your selections back to the local computer." +"such as <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. However this presents a problem in " +"communicating your selections back to the local computer." msgstr "" "Il comando dist-upgrade può essere sostituito con qualsiasi altro comando " "APT standard, in particolare dselect-upgrade. Si può persino usare un " -"frontend per APT come <em>dselect</em>; questo tuttavia pone alcuni problemi " -"nel comunicare le selezioni fatte al computer locale." +"frontend per APT come <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>; questo tuttavia pone " +"alcuni problemi nel comunicare le selezioni fatte al computer locale." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:153 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:164 msgid "" "Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade " "the target machine. Take the disc back and run:" @@ -9894,24 +9966,24 @@ msgstr "" "la macchina di destinazione. Riportare il disco alla macchina locale ed " "eseguire:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:159 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:168 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT generates a local copy of the cache files ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Or any other APT command ]" +" [ Or any other APT command ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT genera una copia locale dei file di cache ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ O qualsiasi altro comando APT ]" +" [ O qualsiasi altro comando APT ]\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:165 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:175 msgid "" "It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the " "local one. This is very important!" @@ -9919,8 +9991,8 @@ msgstr "" "Per il corretto funzionamento è necessario rispecificare il fatto che il " "file di stato è quello locale. Questo è molto importante!" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:172 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:179 msgid "" "If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying disc/" "status to /var/lib/dpkg/status so that any selections you made on the remote " @@ -9934,25 +10006,25 @@ msgstr "" "solamente nella macchina locale, ma ciò non è sempre possibile. NON copiare " "il file di stato se nel frattempo sono stati eseguiti dpkg o APT!" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:178 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:189 msgid "Using APT and wget" msgstr "Usare APT e wget" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:185 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:193 msgid "" -"<em>wget</em> is a popular and portable download tool that can run on nearly " -"any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian machine " -"already has a list of available packages." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> is a popular and portable download tool that can " +"run on nearly any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the " +"Debian machine already has a list of available packages." msgstr "" -"<em>wget</em> è uno strumento popolare e portabile per scaricare file che " -"può essere eseguito quasi su qualsiasi macchina. A differenza del metodo " -"descritto sopra, questo richiede che la macchina Debian abbia già un elenco " -"dei pacchetti disponibili." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> è uno strumento popolare e portabile per scaricare " +"file che può essere eseguito quasi su qualsiasi macchina. A differenza del " +"metodo descritto sopra, questo richiede che la macchina Debian abbia già un " +"elenco dei pacchetti disponibili." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:190 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:198 msgid "" "The basic idea is to create a disc that has only the archive files " "downloaded from the remote site. This is done by using the --print-uris " @@ -9964,13 +10036,13 @@ msgstr "" "print-uris di apt-get e poi preparando uno script che usa wget per scaricare " "effettivamente i pacchetti." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:196 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:204 msgid "Operation" msgstr "Funzionamento" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:200 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:206 msgid "" "Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are required. " "We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list." @@ -9979,22 +10051,22 @@ msgstr "" "configurazione speciali; vengono semplicemente usati i comandi APT standard " "per generare l'elenco dei file." -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:210 #, no-wrap msgid "" -" # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" +" # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" msgstr "" " # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" " [ Inserire no alla domanda, assicurarsi di approvare le azioni proposte ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:210 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:216 msgid "" "Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including dselect-" "upgrade." @@ -10002,8 +10074,8 @@ msgstr "" "Si può usare qualsiasi comando che non sia dist-upgrade, incluso dselect-" "upgrade." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:216 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:220 msgid "" "The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to " "execute in order to fetch the necessary archives. This script should be run " @@ -10015,25 +10087,25 @@ msgstr "" "essere eseguito con il punto di mount del disco come directory attuale di " "lavoro, in modo che l'output venga salvato sul disco." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:219 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:226 msgid "The remote machine would do something like" msgstr "Nella macchina remota fare qualcosa come:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:223 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:229 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ wait.. ]" +" [ wait.. ]\n" msgstr "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ attendere... ]" +" [ attendere... ]\n" -#. type: </example><example> -#: offline.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:234 msgid "" "Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine " "installation can proceed using," @@ -10041,14 +10113,14 @@ msgstr "" "Una volta che gli archivi sono stati scaricati e il disco è stato riportato " "alla macchina Debian, si può procedere con l'installazione usando" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:230 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:238 #, no-wrap -msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" -msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" +msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" +msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:234 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:241 msgid "Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc." msgstr "che userà gli archivi già scaricati e presenti sul disco." @@ -10149,9 +10221,6 @@ msgstr "che userà gli archivi già scaricati e presenti sul disco." #~ msgid "FILES" #~ msgstr "FILE" -#~ msgid "<!-- -*- mode: sgml; mode: fold -*- -->" -#~ msgstr "<!-- -*- mode: sgml; mode: fold -*- -->" - #~ msgid "" #~ "<!-- Some common paths.. --> <!ENTITY docdir \"/usr/share/doc/apt/\"> <!" #~ "ENTITY guidesdir \"/usr/share/doc/apt-doc/\"> <!ENTITY configureindex " @@ -11581,22 +11650,24 @@ msgstr "che userà gli archivi già scaricati e presenti sul disco." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" -#~ "To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</" -#~ "prgn> and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " -#~ "<em>Sources</em> which are places to fetch archives from. These can be " -#~ "remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CDROMs. Each source can " -#~ "provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " -#~ "combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CDROM then " -#~ "it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that " -#~ "you have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use " -#~ "packages on your CDROM before downloading from the Internet." +#~ "To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <command>dselect</" +#~ "command> and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set " +#~ "of <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> which are places to fetch archives from. " +#~ "These can be remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CDROMs. Each " +#~ "source can provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will " +#~ "automatically combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you " +#~ "have a CDROM then it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify " +#~ "a mirror so that you have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will " +#~ "automatically use packages on your CDROM before downloading from the " +#~ "Internet." #~ msgstr "" -#~ "Per abilitare il metodo APT dovete selezionare [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</" -#~ "prgn> e scegliere il metodo APT; vi verrà chiesto un insieme di fonti " -#~ "(<em>Sources</em>), cioè di posti da cui scaricare gli archivi. Tali " -#~ "fonti possono essere siti Internet remoti, mirror locali di Debian o " -#~ "CDROM; ciascuna di esse può fornire una parte dell'archivio Debian, ed " -#~ "APT le combinerà insieme in un set completo di pacchetti. Se avete un " -#~ "CDROM è una buona idea indicare quello per primo, e poi i mirror, in modo " -#~ "da avere accesso alle ultime versioni; APT userà in questo modo " -#~ "automaticamente i pacchetti sul CDROM prima di scaricarli da Internet." +#~ "Per abilitare il metodo APT dovete selezionare [A]ccess in " +#~ "<command>dselect</command> e scegliere il metodo APT; vi verrà chiesto un " +#~ "insieme di fonti (<emphasis>Sources</emphasis>), cioè di posti da cui " +#~ "scaricare gli archivi. Tali fonti possono essere siti Internet remoti, " +#~ "mirror locali di Debian o CDROM; ciascuna di esse può fornire una parte " +#~ "dell'archivio Debian, ed APT le combinerà insieme in un set completo di " +#~ "pacchetti. Se avete un CDROM è una buona idea indicare quello per primo, " +#~ "e poi i mirror, in modo da avere accesso alle ultime versioni; APT userà " +#~ "in questo modo automaticamente i pacchetti sul CDROM prima di scaricarli " +#~ "da Internet." diff --git a/doc/po/ja.po b/doc/po/ja.po index 1885552e3..58b4cf3ee 100644 --- a/doc/po/ja.po +++ b/doc/po/ja.po @@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: apt 0.7.25.3\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team <deity@lists.debian.org>\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-06-19 12:02+0200\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-01 14:00+0200\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-07-03 22:15+0200\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-07-04 02:03+0200\n" "Last-Translator: KURASAWA Nozomu <nabetaro@debian.or.jp>\n" "Language-Team: Debian Japanese List <debian-japanese@lists.debian.org>\n" -"Language: \n" +"Language: ja\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" @@ -8203,34 +8203,51 @@ msgstr "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> は正常終了時に 0 を返します。エラー時には十" "進の 100 を返します。" -#. type: <title></title> -#: guide.sgml:4 +#. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book> +#: guide.dbk:8 offline.dbk:8 +msgid "en" +msgstr "ja" + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: guide.dbk:10 msgid "APT User's Guide" msgstr "APT ユーザガイド" -#. type: <author></author> -#: guide.sgml:6 offline.sgml:6 -msgid "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" -msgstr "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><personname> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "Jason Gunthorpe" +msgstr "Jason Gunthorpe" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><email> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "jgg@debian.org" +msgstr "jgg@debian.org" -#. type: <version></version> -#: guide.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><releaseinfo> +#: guide.dbk:20 offline.dbk:20 +msgid "Version &apt-product-version;" +msgstr "" -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: guide.sgml:11 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: guide.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager." msgstr "本文書は APT パッケージマネージャの使い方の概要を提供します。" -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: guide.sgml:15 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: guide.dbk:28 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:21 offline.sgml:22 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><title> +#: guide.dbk:31 offline.dbk:32 +msgid "License Notice" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:33 offline.dbk:34 msgid "" "\"APT\" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/" "or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as " @@ -8242,8 +8259,8 @@ msgstr "" "published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, " "or (at your option) any later version." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:24 offline.sgml:25 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:42 offline.dbk:40 msgid "" "For more details, on Debian systems, see the file /usr/share/common-licenses/" "GPL for the full license." @@ -8251,35 +8268,35 @@ msgstr "" "For more details, on Debian systems, see the file /usr/share/common-licenses/" "GPL for the full license." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:49 msgid "General" msgstr "全般" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:38 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:51 msgid "" -"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> method and the <prgn>apt-get</prgn> command line user interface. Both " -"provide a way to install and remove packages as well as download new " -"packages from the Internet." +"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <command>dselect</" +"command> method and the <command>apt-get</command> command line user " +"interface. Both provide a way to install and remove packages as well as " +"download new packages from the Internet." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:39 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:57 msgid "Anatomy of the Package System" msgstr "パッケージシステムの構造" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:44 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:59 msgid "" "The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated " "with each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into " "the system. The most prominent of its features is the dependency system." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:52 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:64 msgid "" "The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared " "elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently " @@ -8288,8 +8305,8 @@ msgid "" "in mail transport agents, X servers and so on." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:71 msgid "" "The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the " "concept of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a " @@ -8297,8 +8314,8 @@ msgid "" "properly." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:76 msgid "" "For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email " "with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a " @@ -8306,8 +8323,8 @@ msgid "" "simple dependency on emacs, without emacs it is completely useless." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:73 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:82 msgid "" "The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It " "means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and " @@ -8319,8 +8336,8 @@ msgid "" "other mail transport agents." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:83 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:92 msgid "" "As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend " "to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are " @@ -8332,8 +8349,8 @@ msgid "" "trying to manually fix packages." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:102 msgid "" "At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are " "already installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency " @@ -8341,76 +8358,82 @@ msgid "" "packages for installation." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:111 msgid "apt-get" msgstr "apt-get" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:102 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:113 msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> provides a simple way to install packages from the " -"command line. Unlike <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> does not " -"understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and can only " -"install .deb archives from a <em>Source</em>." +"<command>apt-get</command> provides a simple way to install packages from " +"the command line. Unlike <command>dpkg</command>, <command>apt-get</command> " +"does not understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and " +"can only install .deb archives from a <emphasis>Source</emphasis>." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:109 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 msgid "" -"The first <footnote><p>If you are using an http proxy server you must set " -"the http_proxy environment variable first, see sources.list(5)</p></" -"footnote> thing that should be done before using <prgn>apt-get</prgn> is to " -"fetch the package lists from the <em>Sources</em> so that it knows what " -"packages are available. This is done with <tt>apt-get update</tt>. For " -"instance," +"If you are using an http proxy server you must set the http_proxy " +"environment variable first, see sources.list(5)" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:116 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"The first <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> thing that should be " +"done before using <command>apt-get</command> is to fetch the package lists " +"from the <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> so that it knows what packages are " +"available. This is done with <literal>apt-get update</literal>. For instance," +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" -#. type: <p><taglist> -#: guide.sgml:120 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:134 msgid "Once updated there are several commands that can be used:" msgstr "" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:121 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:138 msgid "upgrade" msgstr "upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:141 msgid "" "Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never " "install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever " "upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break. This can be " "used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade will list all of " "the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually means that they depend " -"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <prgn>dselect</prgn> or " -"<tt>apt-get install</tt> can be used to force these packages to install." +"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <command>dselect</" +"command> or <literal>apt-get install</literal> can be used to force these " +"packages to install." msgstr "" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:153 msgid "install" msgstr "install" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:156 msgid "" "Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically " "fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of " @@ -8421,130 +8444,134 @@ msgid "" "anything other than its arguments are changed." msgstr "" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:167 msgid "dist-upgrade" msgstr "dist-upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:170 msgid "" "Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between " "releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best " "set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system " "to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use dist-" "upgrade rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> can be used to install any packages that may have been left out." +"<command>dselect</command>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then " +"<command>dselect</command> can be used to install any packages that may have " +"been left out." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:152 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:180 msgid "" "It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its " "decisions may sometimes be quite surprising." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:163 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:187 msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed in " -"its man page, <manref name=\"apt-get\" section=\"8\">. The most useful " -"option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -"system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -"start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is used " -"the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the command that " -"caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." +"<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are " +"detailed in its man page, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The most useful " +"option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the fetched files. If " +"the system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired " +"to start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <literal>-d</" +"literal> is used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running " +"the command that caused them to be downloaded again without <literal>-d</" +"literal>." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:168 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:199 msgid "DSelect" msgstr "DSelect" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:173 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:201 msgid "" -"The APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method provides the complete APT system with " -"the <prgn>dselect</prgn> package selection GUI. <prgn>dselect</prgn> is used " -"to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT actually installs " -"them." +"The APT <command>dselect</command> method provides the complete APT system " +"with the <command>dselect</command> package selection GUI. <command>dselect</" +"command> is used to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT " +"actually installs them." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:184 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:207 msgid "" -"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " -"<em>Sources</em> which are places to fetch archives from. These can be " -"remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source can " -"provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " +"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <command>dselect</" +"command> and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " +"<emphasis>Sources</emphasis> which are places to fetch archives from. These " +"can be remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source " +"can provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " "combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CD-ROM then " "it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you " "have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use packages on " "your CD-ROM before downloading from the Internet." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:198 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:218 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" -msgstr " " +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" +msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:232 msgid "" -"The <em>Sources</em> setup starts by asking for the base of the Debian " -"archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution to " -"get." +"The <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> setup starts by asking for the base of the " +"Debian archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the " +"distribution to get." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:212 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:237 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" -msgstr " " +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" +msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:222 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:244 msgid "" -"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, <em>stable</" -"em> refers to the latest released version and <em>unstable</em> refers to " -"the developmental version. <em>non-US</em> is only available on some mirrors " -"and refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things " -"that cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages " -"into the US is legal however." +"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, " +"<emphasis>stable</emphasis> refers to the latest released version and " +"<emphasis>unstable</emphasis> refers to the developmental version. " +"<emphasis>non-US</emphasis> is only available on some mirrors and refers to " +"packages that contain encryption technology or other things that cannot be " +"exported from the United States. Importing these packages into the US is " +"legal however." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:253 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Components [main contrib non-free]:" -msgstr " " +"\n" +" Components [main contrib non-free]:\n" +msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:236 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:259 msgid "" "The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The " "distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free " @@ -8552,25 +8579,25 @@ msgid "" "restrictions placed on their use and distribution." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:240 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:265 msgid "" "Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt " "until you have specified all that you want." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:247 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:269 msgid "" -"Before starting to use <prgn>dselect</prgn> it is necessary to update the " -"available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> that makes the fetched information available to " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. [U]pdate must be performed even if <tt>apt-get update</" -"tt> has been run before." +"Before starting to use <command>dselect</command> it is necessary to update " +"the available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset " +"of <literal>apt-get update</literal> that makes the fetched information " +"available to <command>dselect</command>. [U]pdate must be performed even if " +"<literal>apt-get update</literal> has been run before." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:253 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:276 msgid "" "You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform " "the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and " @@ -8578,60 +8605,66 @@ msgid "" "them together." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:258 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:282 msgid "" "By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they " -"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place <tt>Dselect::" -"clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place " +"<literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:264 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:288 msgid "The Interface" msgstr "インターフェース" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:278 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:292 msgid "" -"Both that APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> share the " -"same interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what it will " -"do and then goes and does it. <footnote><p>The <prgn>dselect</prgn> method " -"actually is a set of wrapper scripts to <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. The method " -"actually provides more functionality than is present in <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"alone.</p></footnote> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " +"The <command>dselect</command> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts " +"to <command>apt-get</command>. The method actually provides more " +"functionality than is present in <command>apt-get</command> alone." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:290 +msgid "" +"Both that APT <command>dselect</command> method and <command>apt-get</" +"command> share the same interface. It is a simple system that generally " +"tells you what it will do and then goes and does it. <placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " "then will print out some informative status messages so that you can " "estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:280 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:301 msgid "Startup" msgstr "スタートアップ" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:284 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:303 msgid "" "Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to " "prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's state. " -"At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get check</" -"tt>." +"At any time these operations can be performed by running <literal>apt-get " +"check</literal>." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:289 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:309 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:297 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:314 msgid "" "The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses " "a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is run. " @@ -8639,17 +8672,17 @@ msgid "" "warning will be printed when apt-get exits." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:303 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:320 msgid "" "The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's " "dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked " "package and considers if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report " -"will be printed out and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will refuse to run." +"will be printed out and <command>apt-get</command> will refuse to run." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:320 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:326 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" @@ -8659,14 +8692,14 @@ msgid "" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" @@ -8675,17 +8708,17 @@ msgstr "" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:329 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:343 msgid "" "In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem " "with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is " @@ -8694,61 +8727,69 @@ msgid "" "problem is also included." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:337 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:352 +msgid "" +"APT however considers all known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken " +"packages" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:350 msgid "" "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The first " -"is caused by <prgn>dpkg</prgn> missing some subtle relationships between " -"packages when performing upgrades. <footnote><p>APT however considers all " -"known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken packages</p></footnote>. " -"The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. In this " -"situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents being " -"installed." +"is caused by <command>dpkg</command> missing some subtle relationships " +"between packages when performing upgrades. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>. The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. " +"In this situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents " +"being installed." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:345 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:359 msgid "" "The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places " "certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases " -"supplying the <tt>-f</tt> option to <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will cause APT to " -"deduce a possible solution to the problem and then continue on. The APT " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> method always supplies the <tt>-f</tt> option to allow " -"for easy continuation of failed maintainer scripts." +"supplying the <literal>-f</literal> option to <command>apt-get</command> " +"will cause APT to deduce a possible solution to the problem and then " +"continue on. The APT <command>dselect</command> method always supplies the " +"<literal>-f</literal> option to allow for easy continuation of failed " +"maintainer scripts." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:351 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:368 msgid "" -"However, if the <tt>-f</tt> option is used to correct a seriously broken " -"system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either fail " -"immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either case it is " -"necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct " -"the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." +"However, if the <literal>-f</literal> option is used to correct a seriously " +"broken system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will " +"either fail immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either " +"case it is necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to " +"correct the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:356 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:376 msgid "The Status Report" msgstr "状態レポート" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:363 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:378 msgid "" -"Before proceeding <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will present a report on what will " -"happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed " -"but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists reflect the " -"final state of things, taking into account the <tt>-f</tt> option and any " -"other relevant activities to the command being executed." +"Before proceeding <command>apt-get</command> will present a report on what " +"will happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being " +"performed but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists " +"reflect the final state of things, taking into account the <literal>-f</" +"literal> option and any other relevant activities to the command being " +"executed." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:364 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:385 msgid "The Extra Package list" msgstr "追加パッケージリスト" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:372 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:387 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" @@ -8756,156 +8797,156 @@ msgid "" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" msgstr "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" " libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl\n" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:379 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:395 msgid "" "The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or " "upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only " -"generated for an <tt>install</tt> command. The listed packages are often the " -"result of an Auto Install." +"generated for an <literal>install</literal> command. The listed packages are " +"often the result of an Auto Install." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:382 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:402 msgid "The Packages to Remove" msgstr "削除するパッケージ" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:389 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:404 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" msgstr "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:399 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:411 msgid "" "The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed " "from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be " "given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to be taken off. " -"The <tt>-f</tt> option is especially good at generating packages to remove " -"so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain packages " -"that are going to be removed because they are only partially installed, " -"possibly due to an aborted installation." +"The <literal>-f</literal> option is especially good at generating packages " +"to remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain " +"packages that are going to be removed because they are only partially " +"installed, possibly due to an aborted installation." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:402 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:421 msgid "The New Packages list" msgstr "新規パッケージリスト" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:406 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:423 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" msgstr "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:411 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:427 msgid "" "The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages " "listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is " "done." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:414 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:432 msgid "The Kept Back list" msgstr "一時固定リスト" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:419 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:434 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" msgstr "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:428 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:439 msgid "" "Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that " "new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things " "or conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will " "appear in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed there " -"to install is with <tt>apt-get install</tt> or by using <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"to resolve their problems." +"to install is with <literal>apt-get install</literal> or by using " +"<command>dselect</command> to resolve their problems." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:431 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:448 msgid "Held Packages warning" msgstr "保留パッケージの警告" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:435 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:450 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" msgstr "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:441 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:454 msgid "" "Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a " "case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be changed. " "This should only happen during dist-upgrade or install." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:444 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:460 msgid "Final summary" msgstr "最後のまとめ" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:447 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:462 msgid "" "Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:452 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:465 #, no-wrap msgid "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" -"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." +"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used.\n" msgstr "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" -"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." +"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used.\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:470 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:470 msgid "" "The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the " "lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already " @@ -8922,27 +8963,27 @@ msgid "" "the amount of space that will be freed." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:473 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:484 msgid "" "Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages " "to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:477 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:491 msgid "The Status Display" msgstr "状態表示" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:481 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:493 msgid "" "During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of " "status messages." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:490 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:497 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" @@ -8951,7 +8992,7 @@ msgid "" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" @@ -8959,87 +9000,83 @@ msgstr "" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:500 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:506 msgid "" -"The lines starting with <em>Get</em> are printed out when APT begins to " -"fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the download. The " -"first percent value on the progress line indicates the total percent done of " -"all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files is unknown " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> estimates the percent done which causes some " -"inaccuracies." +"The lines starting with <emphasis>Get</emphasis> are printed out when APT " +"begins to fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the " +"download. The first percent value on the progress line indicates the total " +"percent done of all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files " +"is unknown <literal>apt-get update</literal> estimates the percent done " +"which causes some inaccuracies." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:509 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:514 msgid "" "The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download " "thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful " "information about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read " -"<em>Forking</em> which means the OS is loading the download module. The " -"first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the history lines. " -"The next word is the short form name of the object being downloaded. For " -"archives it will contain the name of the package that is being fetched." +"<emphasis>Forking</emphasis> which means the OS is loading the download " +"module. The first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the " +"history lines. The next word is the short form name of the object being " +"downloaded. For archives it will contain the name of the package that is " +"being fetched." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:524 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:524 msgid "" "Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress " "of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from " -"<em>Connecting</em> to <em>Waiting for file</em> to <em>Downloading</em> or " -"<em>Resuming</em>. The final value is the number of bytes downloaded from " -"the remote site. Once the download begins this is represented as " -"<tt>102/10.2k</tt> indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 " -"kilobytes is expected. The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation " -"to preserve space. After the size display is a percent meter for the file " -"itself. The second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This " -"values is updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for " -"that period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated " -"regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown transfer " -"rate." -msgstr "" - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:530 +"<emphasis>Connecting</emphasis> to <emphasis>Waiting for file</emphasis> to " +"<emphasis>Downloading</emphasis> or <emphasis>Resuming</emphasis>. The final " +"value is the number of bytes downloaded from the remote site. Once the " +"download begins this is represented as <literal>102/10.2k</literal> " +"indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is expected. " +"The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve space. After " +"the size display is a percent meter for the file itself. The second last " +"element is the instantaneous average speed. This values is updated every 5 " +"seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for that period. Finally is " +"shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated regularly and reflects " +"the time to complete everything at the shown transfer rate." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:539 msgid "" "The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback " "on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file " "is started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is unsuitable " -"for logging to a file, use the <tt>-q</tt> option to remove the status " -"display." +"for logging to a file, use the <literal>-q</literal> option to remove the " +"status display." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:535 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:547 msgid "Dpkg" msgstr "Dpkg" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:542 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:549 msgid "" -"APT uses <prgn>dpkg</prgn> for installing the archives and will switch over " -"to the <prgn>dpkg</prgn> interface once downloading is completed. " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> will also ask a number of questions as it processes the " -"packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. Before " -"each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and the " -"questions are too varied to discuss completely here." +"APT uses <command>dpkg</command> for installing the archives and will switch " +"over to the <command>dpkg</command> interface once downloading is completed. " +"<command>dpkg</command> will also ask a number of questions as it processes " +"the packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. " +"Before each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and " +"the questions are too varied to discuss completely here." msgstr "" -#. type: <title></title> -#: offline.sgml:4 +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: offline.dbk:10 msgid "Using APT Offline" msgstr "オフラインでの APT の使用法" -#. type: <version></version> -#: offline.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" - -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: offline.sgml:12 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: offline.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, " "specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades." @@ -9047,23 +9084,24 @@ msgstr "" "このドキュメントはネットワークがない環境での APT の使用方法を説明しています。" "具体的には、アップグレード時の「スニーカーネット」アプローチです。" -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: offline.sgml:16 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: offline.dbk:29 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:47 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "はじめに" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:34 offline.sgml:65 offline.sgml:180 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:49 offline.dbk:79 offline.dbk:191 msgid "Overview" msgstr "概要" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:40 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:51 msgid "" "Normally APT requires direct access to a Debian archive, either from a local " "media or through a network. Another common complaint is that a Debian " @@ -9071,8 +9109,8 @@ msgid "" "fast connection but they are physically distant." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:51 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:57 msgid "" "The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a " "SuperDisk disc. These discs are not large enough to store the entire Debian " @@ -9080,13 +9118,13 @@ msgid "" "to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch " "them onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is even " "possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely " -"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <em>remote host</em> mean " -"the machine downloading the packages, and <em>target host</em> the one with " -"bad or no connection." +"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <emphasis>remote host</" +"emphasis> mean the machine downloading the packages, and <emphasis>target " +"host</emphasis> the one with bad or no connection." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:68 msgid "" "This is achieved by creatively manipulating the APT configuration file. The " "essential premise to tell APT to look on a disc for it's archive files. Note " @@ -9094,13 +9132,13 @@ msgid "" "names such as ext2, fat32 or vfat." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:77 msgid "Using APT on both machines" msgstr "両方のマシンでの APT の使用法" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:71 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:81 msgid "" "APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The " "basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the " @@ -9108,8 +9146,8 @@ msgid "" "to download. The disk directory structure should look like:" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:80 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:87 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /disc/\n" @@ -9119,7 +9157,7 @@ msgid "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" msgstr "" " /disc/\n" " archives/\n" @@ -9128,33 +9166,34 @@ msgstr "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:98 msgid "The configuration file" msgstr "設定ファイル" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:100 msgid "" "The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and to " "use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should " "contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and " -"the status file should be a copy of <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> from the " -"<em>target host</em>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must " -"use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." +"the status file should be a copy of <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</" +"emphasis> from the <emphasis>target host</emphasis>. Please note, if you are " +"using a local archive you must use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to " +"file URIs." msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:100 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:108 msgid "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> must contain the necessary information to make APT use the " -"disc:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> must contain the necessary information to make " +"APT use the disc:" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:124 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:112 #, no-wrap msgid "" " APT\n" @@ -9162,10 +9201,10 @@ msgid "" " /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" @@ -9176,20 +9215,20 @@ msgid "" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" msgstr "" " APT\n" " {\n" " /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" @@ -9200,85 +9239,87 @@ msgstr "" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:129 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:137 msgid "" "More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample " -"configuration file in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"configuration file in <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</" +"emphasis>." msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:136 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:142 msgid "" -"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy <em>/" -"var/lib/dpkg/status</em> to it. You will also need to create the directories " -"outlined in the Overview, <em>archives/partial/</em> and <em>lists/partial/</" -"em>. Then take the disc to the remote machine and configure the sources." -"list. On the remote machine execute the following:" +"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy " +"<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> to it. You will also need to " +"create the directories outlined in the Overview, <emphasis>archives/partial/" +"</emphasis> and <emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Then take the disc to " +"the remote machine and configure the sources.list. On the remote machine " +"execute the following:" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:142 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:151 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT fetches the package files ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]" +" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ package ファイルを APT が取得します ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ 対象マシンをアップグレードするのに必要なパッケージを、APT が取得します ]" +" [ 対象マシンをアップグレードするのに必要なパッケージを、APT が取得します ]\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:158 msgid "" "The dist-upgrade command can be replaced with any other standard APT " "commands, particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end " -"such as <em>dselect</em>. However this presents a problem in communicating " -"your selections back to the local computer." +"such as <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. However this presents a problem in " +"communicating your selections back to the local computer." msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:153 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:164 msgid "" "Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade " "the target machine. Take the disc back and run:" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:159 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:168 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT generates a local copy of the cache files ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Or any other APT command ]" +" [ Or any other APT command ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" -" [ キャッシュファイルのローカルコピーを生成します ]\n" -" # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ もしくはその他の APT コマンド ]" +" [ キャッシュファイルのローカルコピーを生成します ]\n" +" # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" +" [ もしくはその他の APT コマンド ]\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:165 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:175 msgid "" "It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the " "local one. This is very important!" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:172 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:179 msgid "" "If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying disc/" "status to /var/lib/dpkg/status so that any selections you made on the remote " @@ -9287,21 +9328,21 @@ msgid "" "status file if dpkg or APT have been run in the mean time!!" msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:178 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:189 msgid "Using APT and wget" msgstr "APT と wget の使用法" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:185 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:193 msgid "" -"<em>wget</em> is a popular and portable download tool that can run on nearly " -"any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian machine " -"already has a list of available packages." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> is a popular and portable download tool that can " +"run on nearly any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the " +"Debian machine already has a list of available packages." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:190 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:198 msgid "" "The basic idea is to create a disc that has only the archive files " "downloaded from the remote site. This is done by using the --print-uris " @@ -9309,41 +9350,41 @@ msgid "" "packages." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:196 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:204 msgid "Operation" msgstr "操作" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:200 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:206 msgid "" "Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are required. " "We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:210 #, no-wrap msgid "" -" # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" +" # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" msgstr "" -" # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" +" # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:210 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:216 msgid "" "Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including dselect-" "upgrade." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:216 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:220 msgid "" "The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to " "execute in order to fetch the necessary archives. This script should be run " @@ -9351,38 +9392,38 @@ msgid "" "output on the disc." msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:219 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:226 msgid "The remote machine would do something like" msgstr "リモートマシンでは以下のようにします。" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:223 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:229 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ wait.. ]" +" [ wait.. ]\n" msgstr "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ お待ちください... ]" +" [ お待ちください... ]\n" -#. type: </example><example> -#: offline.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:234 msgid "" "Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine " "installation can proceed using," msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:230 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:238 #, no-wrap -msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" -msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" +msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" +msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:234 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:241 msgid "Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc." msgstr "これで、disc にある取得済みのアーカイブを使用するようになります。" diff --git a/doc/po/pl.po b/doc/po/pl.po index 1bdacba44..1644da26b 100644 --- a/doc/po/pl.po +++ b/doc/po/pl.po @@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: apt 0.9.7.3\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team <deity@lists.debian.org>\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-06-19 12:02+0200\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-01 13:59+0200\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-07-03 22:15+0200\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-07-04 02:13+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Robert Luberda <robert@debian.org>\n" "Language-Team: Polish <manpages-pl-list@lists.sourceforge.net>\n" "Language: pl\n" @@ -7763,34 +7763,51 @@ msgstr "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> zwraca zero, gdy zakończyło się pomyślnie, " "100 - w przypadku błędu." -#. type: <title></title> -#: guide.sgml:4 +#. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book> +#: guide.dbk:8 offline.dbk:8 +msgid "en" +msgstr "pl" + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: guide.dbk:10 msgid "APT User's Guide" msgstr "Podręcznik użytkownika APT" -#. type: <author></author> -#: guide.sgml:6 offline.sgml:6 -msgid "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" -msgstr "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><personname> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "Jason Gunthorpe" +msgstr "Jason Gunthorpe" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><email> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "jgg@debian.org" +msgstr "jgg@debian.org" -#. type: <version></version> -#: guide.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><releaseinfo> +#: guide.dbk:20 offline.dbk:20 +msgid "Version &apt-product-version;" +msgstr "" -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: guide.sgml:11 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: guide.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager." msgstr "Dokument zawiera opis używania menadżera pakietów APT." -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: guide.sgml:15 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: guide.dbk:28 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:21 offline.sgml:22 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><title> +#: guide.dbk:31 offline.dbk:32 +msgid "License Notice" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:33 offline.dbk:34 msgid "" "\"APT\" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/" "or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as " @@ -7803,8 +7820,8 @@ msgstr "" "\" (GNU General Public License) publikowanej przez \"Fundację Wolnego " "Oprogramowania (Free Software Foundation)." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:24 offline.sgml:25 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:42 offline.dbk:40 msgid "" "For more details, on Debian systems, see the file /usr/share/common-licenses/" "GPL for the full license." @@ -7812,31 +7829,31 @@ msgstr "" "Więcej szczegółów można uzyskać, przeglądając plik zawierający pełen tekst " "licencji (w systemach Debian jest to plik /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL)." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:49 msgid "General" msgstr "Ogólne" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:38 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:51 msgid "" -"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> method and the <prgn>apt-get</prgn> command line user interface. Both " -"provide a way to install and remove packages as well as download new " -"packages from the Internet." +"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <command>dselect</" +"command> method and the <command>apt-get</command> command line user " +"interface. Both provide a way to install and remove packages as well as " +"download new packages from the Internet." msgstr "" -"Pakiet APT składa się z dwóch części: z metody APT programu <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> oraz z programu <prgn>apt-get</prgn> będącego interfejsem linii " -"poleceń. Obie części pozwalają na instalowanie i usuwanie pakietów oraz na " -"pobieranie nowych pakietów z Internetu." +"Pakiet APT składa się z dwóch części: z metody APT programu " +"<command>dselect</command> oraz z programu <command>apt-get</command> " +"będącego interfejsem linii poleceń. Obie części pozwalają na instalowanie i " +"usuwanie pakietów oraz na pobieranie nowych pakietów z Internetu." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:39 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:57 msgid "Anatomy of the Package System" msgstr "Budowa systemu pakietów" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:44 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:59 msgid "" "The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated " "with each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into " @@ -7846,8 +7863,8 @@ msgstr "" "pakietem, zapewniających integralność pakietów w systemie. Najbardziej " "widoczną cechą systemu pakietów jest system zależności." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:52 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:64 msgid "" "The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared " "elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently " @@ -7861,8 +7878,8 @@ msgstr "" "liczbę pakietów instalowanych przez przeciętnego użytkownika. Pozwala także " "wybierać programy odpowiedzialne za dostarczanie poczty, serwery X-ów itp." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:71 msgid "" "The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the " "concept of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a " @@ -7873,8 +7890,8 @@ msgstr "" "zrozumienie koncepcji prostej zależności. Prosta zależność oznacza, że dany " "pakiet do poprawnego działania wymaga zainstalowania innego pakietu." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:76 msgid "" "For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email " "with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a " @@ -7887,8 +7904,8 @@ msgstr "" "GPG. Ma także prostą zależność od pakietu emacs, ponieważ jest rozszerzeniem " "emacsa, więc i bez emacsa jest równie bezużyteczny." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:73 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:82 msgid "" "The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It " "means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and " @@ -7910,8 +7927,8 @@ msgstr "" "są w konflikcie ze wszystkimi innymi programami obsługującymi dostarczanie " "poczty." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:83 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:92 msgid "" "As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend " "to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are " @@ -7932,8 +7949,8 @@ msgstr "" "obsługi poczty. Może to być bardzo mylące podczas próby ręcznego naprawiania " "zależności pakietów." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:102 msgid "" "At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are " "already installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency " @@ -7944,77 +7961,85 @@ msgstr "" "obecnie zainstalowane pakiety. ATP próbuje rozwiązać zależności używając " "pewnej liczby algorytmów pomagających w wyborze pakietów do zainstalowania." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:111 msgid "apt-get" msgstr "apt-get" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:102 -msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> provides a simple way to install packages from the " -"command line. Unlike <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> does not " -"understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and can only " -"install .deb archives from a <em>Source</em>." -msgstr "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> dostarcza prostego sposobu na zainstalowanie pakietów z " -"linii poleceń. W przeciwieństwie do <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"nie posługuje się nazwami plików \".deb\", lecz używa nazw pakietów i może " -"zainstalować tylko archiwa \".deb\" ze skonfigurowanych <em>źródeł</em>." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:109 -msgid "" -"The first <footnote><p>If you are using an http proxy server you must set " -"the http_proxy environment variable first, see sources.list(5)</p></" -"footnote> thing that should be done before using <prgn>apt-get</prgn> is to " -"fetch the package lists from the <em>Sources</em> so that it knows what " -"packages are available. This is done with <tt>apt-get update</tt>. For " -"instance," -msgstr "" -"Pierwszą rzeczą <footnote><p> Aby używać serwera proxy, należy najpierw " -"ustawić zmienną środowiskową http_proxy, proszę przeczytać sources.list(5)</" -"p></footnote>, którą należy zrobić przed użyciem <prgn>apt-get</prgn> jest " -"pobranie listy pakietów (ze <em>źródeł</em> wymienionych w pliku sources." -"list(5)), tak żeby APT wiedział, jakie pakiety są dostępne. Robi się to za " -"pomocą polecenia <tt>apt-get update</tt>. Na przykład:" - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:116 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:113 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> provides a simple way to install packages from " +"the command line. Unlike <command>dpkg</command>, <command>apt-get</command> " +"does not understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and " +"can only install .deb archives from a <emphasis>Source</emphasis>." +msgstr "" +"<command>apt-get</command> dostarcza prostego sposobu na zainstalowanie " +"pakietów z linii poleceń. W przeciwieństwie do <command>dpkg</command>, " +"<command>apt-get</command> nie posługuje się nazwami plików \".deb\", lecz " +"używa nazw pakietów i może zainstalować tylko archiwa \".deb\" ze " +"skonfigurowanych <emphasis>źródeł</emphasis>." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"If you are using an http proxy server you must set the http_proxy " +"environment variable first, see sources.list(5)" +msgstr "" +"Aby używać serwera proxy, należy najpierw ustawić zmienną środowiskową " +"http_proxy, proszę przeczytać sources.list(5)" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"The first <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> thing that should be " +"done before using <command>apt-get</command> is to fetch the package lists " +"from the <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> so that it knows what packages are " +"available. This is done with <literal>apt-get update</literal>. For instance," +msgstr "" +"Pierwszą rzeczą <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>, którą należy " +"zrobić przed użyciem <command>apt-get</command> jest pobranie listy pakietów " +"(ze <emphasis>źródeł</emphasis> wymienionych w pliku sources.list(5)), tak " +"żeby APT wiedział, jakie pakiety są dostępne. Robi się to za pomocą " +"polecenia <literal>apt-get update</literal>. Na przykład:" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Pob: http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Pob: http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Czytanie list pakietów... Gotowe\n" -"Budowanie drzewa zależności.. Gotowe" +"Budowanie drzewa zależności... Gotowe\n" -#. type: <p><taglist> -#: guide.sgml:120 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:134 msgid "Once updated there are several commands that can be used:" msgstr "Po zaktualizowaniu można użyć następnych poleceń:" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:121 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:138 msgid "upgrade" msgstr "upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:141 msgid "" "Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never " "install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever " "upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break. This can be " "used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade will list all of " "the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually means that they depend " -"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <prgn>dselect</prgn> or " -"<tt>apt-get install</tt> can be used to force these packages to install." +"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <command>dselect</" +"command> or <literal>apt-get install</literal> can be used to force these " +"packages to install." msgstr "" "Upgrade spróbuje delikatnie zaktualizować cały system. Upgrade nigdy nie " "zainstaluje nowego pakietu ani nie usunie istniejącego pakiety, ani też nie " @@ -8023,15 +8048,16 @@ msgstr "" "aktualizacji systemu. Upgrade wypisze listę pakietów, których nie potrafił " "zaktualizować, co zazwyczaj oznacza, że zależą one od nowych pakietów lub są " "w konflikcie z innymi pakietami. Można wymusić instalację takich pakietów, " -"używając do tego <prgn>dselect</prgn> lub <tt>apt-get install</tt>." +"używając do tego <command>dselect</command> lub <literal>apt-get install</" +"literal>." -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:153 msgid "install" msgstr "install" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:156 msgid "" "Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically " "fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of " @@ -8050,21 +8076,22 @@ msgstr "" "wypisze podsumowanie i poprosi o potwierdzenie, jeśli zamierza zmienić " "cokolwiek innego niż pakiety podane jako jego argumenty." -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:167 msgid "dist-upgrade" msgstr "dist-upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:170 msgid "" "Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between " "releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best " "set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system " "to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use dist-" "upgrade rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> can be used to install any packages that may have been left out." +"<command>dselect</command>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then " +"<command>dselect</command> can be used to install any packages that may have " +"been left out." msgstr "" "Dist-upgrade powoduje całkowitą aktualizację systemu i jest zaprojektowany " "do uproszczenia aktualizacji z jednego wydania Debiana do kolejnego. Używa " @@ -8072,11 +8099,12 @@ msgstr "" "zainstalowania, aktualizacji lub usunięcia, tak aby zaktualizować jak " "najwięcej pakietów w systemie do nowszego wydania. W niektórych sytuacjach, " "może być prościej użyć dist-upgrade niż ręcznie rozwiązywać zależności w " -"programie <prgn>dselect</prgn>. Kiedy dist-upgrade zakończy działanie, można " -"użyć programu <prgn>dselect</prgn> do zainstalowania pominiętych pakietów." +"programie <command>dselect</command>. Kiedy dist-upgrade zakończy działanie, " +"można użyć programu <command>dselect</command> do zainstalowania pominiętych " +"pakietów." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:152 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:180 msgid "" "It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its " "decisions may sometimes be quite surprising." @@ -8084,168 +8112,165 @@ msgstr "" "Jest ważne, aby dokładnie przyjrzeć się temu, co dist-upgrade zamierza " "zrobić, gdyż jego decyzje mogą czasami zdumiewać." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:163 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed " -#| "in its man page, <manref section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. The most useful " -#| "option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -#| "system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -#| "start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is " -#| "used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the " -#| "command that caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." -msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed in " -"its man page, <manref name=\"apt-get\" section=\"8\">. The most useful " -"option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -"system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -"start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is used " -"the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the command that " -"caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." -msgstr "" -"Zachowanie programu <prgn>apt-get</prgn> można kontrolować za pomocą opcji " -"linii poleceń szczegółowo opisanych w stronie podręcznika ekranowego <manref " -"section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. Najbardziej użyteczną z nich jest <tt>-d</" -"tt>, która nie instaluje pobranych plików. Jeśli system musi pobrać dużą " -"liczbę pakietów, instalowanie ich może być niepożądane, jeśli coś pójdzie " -"nie tak. Jeśli użyto <tt>-d</tt>, to pobrane archiwa można zainstalować, " -"ponownie uruchamiając polecenie, które spowodowało ich pobranie, tym razem " -"bez opcji <tt>-d</tt>." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:168 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:187 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are " +"detailed in its man page, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The most useful " +"option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the fetched files. If " +"the system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired " +"to start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <literal>-d</" +"literal> is used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running " +"the command that caused them to be downloaded again without <literal>-d</" +"literal>." +msgstr "" +"Zachowanie programu <command>apt-get</command> można kontrolować za pomocą " +"opcji linii poleceń szczegółowo opisanych w stronie podręcznika ekranowego " +"<citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</" +"manvolnum></citerefentry>. Najbardziej użyteczną z nich jest <literal>-d</" +"literal>, która nie instaluje pobranych plików. Jeśli system musi pobrać " +"dużą liczbę pakietów, instalowanie ich może być niepożądane, jeśli coś " +"pójdzie nie tak. Jeśli użyto <literal>-d</literal>, to pobrane archiwa można " +"zainstalować, ponownie uruchamiając polecenie, które spowodowało ich " +"pobranie, tym razem bez opcji <literal>-d</literal>." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:199 msgid "DSelect" msgstr "DSelect" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:173 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:201 msgid "" -"The APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method provides the complete APT system with " -"the <prgn>dselect</prgn> package selection GUI. <prgn>dselect</prgn> is used " -"to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT actually installs " -"them." +"The APT <command>dselect</command> method provides the complete APT system " +"with the <command>dselect</command> package selection GUI. <command>dselect</" +"command> is used to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT " +"actually installs them." msgstr "" -"Metoda APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> dostarcza kompletnego systemu APT w " -"interfejsie użytkownika programu wyboru pakietów <prgn>dselect</prgn>. " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> może być użyty do wybrania pakietów przeznaczonych do " -"zainstalowania lub usunięcia, a APT zainstaluje lub usunie te pakiety." +"Metoda APT <command>dselect</command> dostarcza kompletnego systemu APT w " +"interfejsie użytkownika programu wyboru pakietów <command>dselect</command>. " +"<command>dselect</command> może być użyty do wybrania pakietów " +"przeznaczonych do zainstalowania lub usunięcia, a APT zainstaluje lub usunie " +"te pakiety." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:184 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:207 msgid "" -"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " -"<em>Sources</em> which are places to fetch archives from. These can be " -"remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source can " -"provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " +"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <command>dselect</" +"command> and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " +"<emphasis>Sources</emphasis> which are places to fetch archives from. These " +"can be remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source " +"can provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " "combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CD-ROM then " "it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you " "have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use packages on " "your CD-ROM before downloading from the Internet." msgstr "" "Aby włączyć metodę APT należy wybrać opcję \"[A] Dostęp\" w programie " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> , a następnie wybrać metodę APT. Użytkownik zostanie " -"poproszony o skonfigurowanie listy <em>źródeł</em>, będących lokalizacjami, " -"z których będą pobierane pakiety. Mogą być to strony internetowe, lokalne " -"serwery lustrzane Debiana lub CD-ROM-y. Każde źródło może dostarczać tylko " -"fragmentu pełnego archiwum Debiana, a APT automatycznie połączy je w " -"kompletny zbiór pakietów. Jeśli używany jest CD-ROM, to dobrym pomysłem jest " -"podanie najpierw jego, a potem podanie mirrorów umożliwiających dostęp do " -"najnowszych wersji pakietów zawierających poprawki błędów. APT automatycznie " -"użyje pakietów z CD-ROM-u zanim zacznie pobierać pakiety z Internetu." - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:198 +"<command>dselect</command> , a następnie wybrać metodę APT. Użytkownik " +"zostanie poproszony o skonfigurowanie listy <emphasis>źródeł</emphasis>, " +"będących lokalizacjami, z których będą pobierane pakiety. Mogą być to strony " +"internetowe, lokalne serwery lustrzane Debiana lub CD-ROM-y. Każde źródło " +"może dostarczać tylko fragmentu pełnego archiwum Debiana, a APT " +"automatycznie połączy je w kompletny zbiór pakietów. Jeśli używany jest CD-" +"ROM, to dobrym pomysłem jest podanie najpierw jego, a potem podanie mirrorów " +"umożliwiających dostęp do najnowszych wersji pakietów zawierających poprawki " +"błędów. APT automatycznie użyje pakietów z CD-ROM-u zanim zacznie pobierać " +"pakiety z Internetu." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:218 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" msgstr "" " Ustawianie listy źródłowych lokalizacji dystrybucji\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Proszę podać bazowy URL dystrybucji Debiana.\n" " Obsługiwane schematy połączeń to: http ftp file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Przykłady:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.pl.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:232 msgid "" -"The <em>Sources</em> setup starts by asking for the base of the Debian " -"archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution to " -"get." +"The <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> setup starts by asking for the base of the " +"Debian archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the " +"distribution to get." msgstr "" "Ustawianie źródeł zaczyna się od pytania o bazową lokalizację Debiana. " "Domyślną wartością jest mirror HTTP. Następnie użytkownik jest pytany o " "dystrybucję do pobrania." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:212 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:237 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" msgstr "" " Proszę podać znacznik dystrybucji do pobrania lub ścieżkę do pliku\n" " pakietów kończącą się znakiem \"/\". Zazwyczaj znacznikiem dystrybucji\n" " jest coś w rodzaju: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Dystrybucja [stable]:" - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:222 -msgid "" -"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, <em>stable</" -"em> refers to the latest released version and <em>unstable</em> refers to " -"the developmental version. <em>non-US</em> is only available on some mirrors " -"and refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things " -"that cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages " -"into the US is legal however." -msgstr "" -"Dystrybucja odnosi się do wersji Debiana: <em>stable</em>(stabilna) to " -"najnowsza wydana wersja, a <em>unstable</em> (niestabilna) to wersja " -"rozwojowa. <em>non-US</em> jest dostępna tylko na wybranych serwerach " -"lustrzanych i zawiera pakiety, które wykorzystują technologie szyfrowania " -"danych lub inne rzeczy, które nie mogą być eksportowane z serwerów " -"umieszczonych w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Importowanie tych pakietów do Stanów " -"Zjednoczonych jest jednakże legalne." - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:228 +"\n" +" Dystrybucja [stable]:\n" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:244 +msgid "" +"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, " +"<emphasis>stable</emphasis> refers to the latest released version and " +"<emphasis>unstable</emphasis> refers to the developmental version. " +"<emphasis>non-US</emphasis> is only available on some mirrors and refers to " +"packages that contain encryption technology or other things that cannot be " +"exported from the United States. Importing these packages into the US is " +"legal however." +msgstr "" +"Dystrybucja odnosi się do wersji Debiana: <emphasis>stable</" +"emphasis>(stabilna) to najnowsza wydana wersja, a <emphasis>unstable</" +"emphasis> (niestabilna) to wersja rozwojowa. <emphasis>non-US</emphasis> " +"jest dostępna tylko na wybranych serwerach lustrzanych i zawiera pakiety, " +"które wykorzystują technologie szyfrowania danych lub inne rzeczy, które nie " +"mogą być eksportowane z serwerów umieszczonych w Stanach Zjednoczonych. " +"Importowanie tych pakietów do Stanów Zjednoczonych jest jednakże legalne." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:253 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Components [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Components [main contrib non-free]:\n" msgstr "" " Proszę podać komponenty do pobrania\n" " Zazwyczaj komponentem jest coś w rodzaju: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Komponenty [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Komponenty [main contrib non-free]:\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:236 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:259 msgid "" "The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The " "distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free " @@ -8258,8 +8283,8 @@ msgstr "" "\"),contrib i non-free zawierają pakiety, które zawierają restrykcje " "związane z ich używaniem lub rozpowszechnianiem." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:240 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:265 msgid "" "Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt " "until you have specified all that you want." @@ -8268,24 +8293,24 @@ msgstr "" "odpytywanie użytkownika dopóty, dopóki nie poda wszystkich źródeł, które " "chciał skonfigurować." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:247 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:269 msgid "" -"Before starting to use <prgn>dselect</prgn> it is necessary to update the " -"available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> that makes the fetched information available to " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. [U]pdate must be performed even if <tt>apt-get update</" -"tt> has been run before." +"Before starting to use <command>dselect</command> it is necessary to update " +"the available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset " +"of <literal>apt-get update</literal> that makes the fetched information " +"available to <command>dselect</command>. [U]pdate must be performed even if " +"<literal>apt-get update</literal> has been run before." msgstr "" -"Przed rozpoczęciem używania programu <prgn>dselect</prgn> należy w menu tego " -"programu wybrać \"[U] Aktualizacja\", abyzaktualizować listę dostępnych " -"pakietów. To polecenie jest nadzbiorem polecenia <tt>apt-get update</tt>, " -"zapewniającym programowi <prgn>dselect</prgn> dostęp do pobranych informacji " -"o pakietach. \"[U] Aktualizacja\" musi być wykonana, nawet jeśli wcześniej " -"uruchomiono <tt>apt-get update</tt>." +"Przed rozpoczęciem używania programu <command>dselect</command> należy w " +"menu tego programu wybrać \"[U] Aktualizacja\", abyzaktualizować listę " +"dostępnych pakietów. To polecenie jest nadzbiorem polecenia <literal>apt-get " +"update</literal>, zapewniającym programowi <command>dselect</command> dostęp " +"do pobranych informacji o pakietach. \"[U] Aktualizacja\" musi być wykonana, " +"nawet jeśli wcześniej uruchomiono <literal>apt-get update</literal>." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:253 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:276 msgid "" "You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform " "the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and " @@ -8298,76 +8323,83 @@ msgstr "" "bezużytecznymi, gdyż \"[I] Instalacja\" przeprowadza również te dwie " "operacje." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:258 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:282 msgid "" "By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they " -"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place <tt>Dselect::" -"clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place " +"<literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." msgstr "" "Domyślnie APT automatycznie usunie pliki pakietów (.deb), gdy tylko zostaną " -"zainstalowane. Aby zmienić to zachowanie, proszę umieścić <tt>Dselect::" -"clean \"prompt\";</tt> w /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"zainstalowane. Aby zmienić to zachowanie, proszę umieścić <literal>Dselect::" +"clean \"prompt\";</literal> w /etc/apt/apt.conf." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:264 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:288 msgid "The Interface" msgstr "Interfejs" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:278 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:292 msgid "" -"Both that APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> share the " -"same interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what it will " -"do and then goes and does it. <footnote><p>The <prgn>dselect</prgn> method " -"actually is a set of wrapper scripts to <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. The method " -"actually provides more functionality than is present in <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"alone.</p></footnote> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " +"The <command>dselect</command> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts " +"to <command>apt-get</command>. The method actually provides more " +"functionality than is present in <command>apt-get</command> alone." +msgstr "" +"Metoda programu <command>dselect</command> jest tak naprawdę zbiorem " +"skryptów wywołujących <command>apt-get</command>. Metoda ta ma jednakże " +"większą funkcjonalność niż sam program <command>apt-get</command>." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:290 +msgid "" +"Both that APT <command>dselect</command> method and <command>apt-get</" +"command> share the same interface. It is a simple system that generally " +"tells you what it will do and then goes and does it. <placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " "then will print out some informative status messages so that you can " "estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." msgstr "" -"Metoda APT programu <prgn>dselect</prgn> i program <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"dzielą wspólny interfejs. Jest to prosty system, który najpierw informuje " -"użytkownika, co będzie zrobione, a następnie to robi<footnote><p>Metoda " -"programu <prgn>dselect</prgn> jest tak naprawdę zbiorem skryptów " -"wywołujących <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. Metoda ta ma jednakże większą " -"funkcjonalność niż sam program <prgn>apt-get</prgn>.</p></footnote>. Po " -"wyświetleniu podsumowania informującego o tym, co będzie zrobione, APT " -"wyświetla komunikaty dotyczące postępu przeprowadzanych operacji, tak żeby " -"można było oszacować czas pozostały do ich zakończenia." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:280 +"Metoda APT programu <command>dselect</command> i program <command>apt-get</" +"command> dzielą wspólny interfejs. Jest to prosty system, który najpierw " +"informuje użytkownika, co będzie zrobione, a następnie to robi. <placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Po wyświetleniu podsumowania informującego o " +"tym, co będzie zrobione, APT wyświetla komunikaty dotyczące postępu " +"przeprowadzanych operacji, tak żeby można było oszacować czas pozostały do " +"ich zakończenia." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:301 msgid "Startup" msgstr "Uruchamianie" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:284 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:303 msgid "" "Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to " "prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's state. " -"At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get check</" -"tt>." +"At any time these operations can be performed by running <literal>apt-get " +"check</literal>." msgstr "" "Przed każdą operacją, z wyjątkiem update, APT przeprowadza pewne akcje " "przygotowujące wewnętrzny stan. Sprawdza również stan systemu. Te same " -"operacje można przeprowadzić w dowolnej chwili, uruchamiając <tt>apt-get " -"check</tt>." +"operacje można przeprowadzić w dowolnej chwili, uruchamiając <literal>apt-" +"get check</literal>." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:289 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:309 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Czytanie list pakietów... Gotowe\n" -"Budowanie drzewa zależności... Gotowe" +"Budowanie drzewa zależności... Gotowe\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:297 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:314 msgid "" "The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses " "a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is run. " @@ -8379,21 +8411,21 @@ msgstr "" "następnym uruchomieniu. Jeśli nie znajdzie niektórych plików pakietów, to " "wypisze ostrzeżenie, a te pakiety zignoruje." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:303 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:320 msgid "" "The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's " "dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked " "package and considers if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report " -"will be printed out and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will refuse to run." +"will be printed out and <command>apt-get</command> will refuse to run." msgstr "" "Końcową operacją jest szczegółowa analiza zależności w systemie. Sprawdzana " "jest każda zależność każdego pakietu zainstalowanego lub rozpakowanego. W " -"razie wykrycia problemów z zależnościami <prgn>apt-get</prgn> wypisze " +"razie wykrycia problemów z zależnościami <command>apt-get</command> wypisze " "odpowiedni komunikat i odmówi dalszego działania." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:320 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:326 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" @@ -8403,14 +8435,14 @@ msgid "" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Czytanie list pakietów... Gotowe\n" @@ -8419,17 +8451,17 @@ msgstr "" "Następujące pakiety mają niespełnione zależności:\n" " 9fonts: Wymaga: xlib6g ale nie jest zainstalowany\n" " uucp: Wymaga: mailx ale nie jest zainstalowany\n" -" blast: Wymaga: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ale nie jest zainstalowany\n" +" blast: Wymaga: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ale nie jest zainstalowany\n" " adduser: Wymaga: perl-base ale nie jest zainstalowany\n" " aumix: Wymaga: libgpmg1 but ale nie jest zainstalowany\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Wymaga: sgml-base ale nie jest zainstalowany\n" -" bash-builtins: Wymaga: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Wymaga: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Wymaga: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Wymaga: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ale nie jest zainstalowany\n" -" libreadlineg2: Jest w konflikcie z: libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Wymaga: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) ale nie jest zainstalowany\n" +" libreadlineg2: Jest w konflikcie z: libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:329 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:343 msgid "" "In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem " "with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is " @@ -8442,87 +8474,98 @@ msgstr "" "jest wypisywany w osobnej linii razem z niespełnionymi zależnościami. Podane " "jest również krótkie wyjaśnienie dotyczące przyczyny problemu." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:337 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:352 +msgid "" +"APT however considers all known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken " +"packages" +msgstr "" +"APT rozważa wszystkie znane zależności i próbuje nie dopuścić do zepsucia " +"pakietów." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:350 msgid "" "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The first " -"is caused by <prgn>dpkg</prgn> missing some subtle relationships between " -"packages when performing upgrades. <footnote><p>APT however considers all " -"known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken packages</p></footnote>. " -"The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. In this " -"situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents being " -"installed." +"is caused by <command>dpkg</command> missing some subtle relationships " +"between packages when performing upgrades. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>. The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. " +"In this situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents " +"being installed." msgstr "" "Są dwie przyczyny, z których powodu system może być zepsuty w powyższy " -"sposób. Pierwszą jest to, że <prgn>dpkg</prgn> podczas aktualizacji systemu " -"nie zauważył jakiejś subtelnej relacji między pakietami<footnote><p>APT " -"rozważa wszystkie znane zależności i próbuje nie dopuścić do zepsucia " -"pakietów.</p></footnote>. Drugą przyczyną jest wystąpienie błędu w czasie " -"instalowania pakietu. W takim przypadku pakiet może być rozpakowany, mimo że " -"pakiety od niego zależące nie są zainstalowane." +"sposób. Pierwszą jest to, że <command>dpkg</command> podczas aktualizacji " +"systemu nie zauważył jakiejś subtelnej relacji między pakietami<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>. Drugą przyczyną jest wystąpienie błędu w " +"czasie instalowania pakietu. W takim przypadku pakiet może być rozpakowany, " +"mimo że pakiety od niego zależące nie są zainstalowane." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:345 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:359 msgid "" "The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places " "certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases " -"supplying the <tt>-f</tt> option to <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will cause APT to " -"deduce a possible solution to the problem and then continue on. The APT " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> method always supplies the <tt>-f</tt> option to allow " -"for easy continuation of failed maintainer scripts." +"supplying the <literal>-f</literal> option to <command>apt-get</command> " +"will cause APT to deduce a possible solution to the problem and then " +"continue on. The APT <command>dselect</command> method always supplies the " +"<literal>-f</literal> option to allow for easy continuation of failed " +"maintainer scripts." msgstr "" "Druga przyczyna jest o wiele mniej poważna niż pierwsza, ponieważ APT " "wymusza pewne więzy integralności dotyczące kolejności instalowania " -"pakietów. W obu przypadkach przekazanie programowi <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"opcji <tt>-f</tt> wymusi na APT znalezienie rozwiązania umożliwiającego mu " -"kontynuowanie działania. Metoda APT programu <prgn>dselect</prgn> zawsze " -"przekazuje opcję <tt>-f</tt>, aby móc kontynuować po wystąpieniu błędu w " -"skryptach opiekunów pakietów." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:351 -msgid "" -"However, if the <tt>-f</tt> option is used to correct a seriously broken " -"system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either fail " -"immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either case it is " -"necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct " -"the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." -msgstr "" -"Jednak gdy opcja <tt>-f</tt> jest używana do poprawienia zależności w " -"poważnie uszkodzonym systemie (pierwsza z opisanych wyżej przyczyn), możliwe " -"jest że albo od razu zwróci błąd, albo nie powiedzie się sekwencja " -"instalowania pakietów. W obu przypadkach należy poprawić zależności ręcznie, " -"używając do tego dpkg (być może przekazując mu opcje wymuszające \"--" -"force-...\"), w takim stopniu, aby umożliwić działanie systemowi APT." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:356 +"pakietów. W obu przypadkach przekazanie programowi <command>apt-get</" +"command> opcji <literal>-f</literal> wymusi na APT znalezienie rozwiązania " +"umożliwiającego mu kontynuowanie działania. Metoda APT programu " +"<command>dselect</command> zawsze przekazuje opcję <literal>-f</literal>, " +"aby móc kontynuować po wystąpieniu błędu w skryptach opiekunów pakietów." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:368 +msgid "" +"However, if the <literal>-f</literal> option is used to correct a seriously " +"broken system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will " +"either fail immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either " +"case it is necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to " +"correct the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." +msgstr "" +"Jednak gdy opcja <literal>-f</literal> jest używana do poprawienia " +"zależności w poważnie uszkodzonym systemie (pierwsza z opisanych wyżej " +"przyczyn), możliwe jest że albo od razu zwróci błąd, albo nie powiedzie się " +"sekwencja instalowania pakietów. W obu przypadkach należy poprawić " +"zależności ręcznie, używając do tego dpkg (być może przekazując mu opcje " +"wymuszające \"--force-...\"), w takim stopniu, aby umożliwić działanie " +"systemowi APT." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:376 msgid "The Status Report" msgstr "Raport stanu" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:363 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:378 msgid "" -"Before proceeding <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will present a report on what will " -"happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed " -"but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists reflect the " -"final state of things, taking into account the <tt>-f</tt> option and any " -"other relevant activities to the command being executed." +"Before proceeding <command>apt-get</command> will present a report on what " +"will happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being " +"performed but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists " +"reflect the final state of things, taking into account the <literal>-f</" +"literal> option and any other relevant activities to the command being " +"executed." msgstr "" -"Przed rozpoczęciem przetwarzania <prgn>apt-get</prgn> wyświetli raport " +"Przed rozpoczęciem przetwarzania <command>apt-get</command> wyświetli raport " "zawierający informacje o tym, co będzie zrobione. W ogólności raport ten " "zależy od typu wykonywanej operacji, jednakże występuje w nim kilka " "elementów wspólnych dla wszystkich typów. We wszystkich wypadkach " -"wyświetlane są informacje o końcowym stanie, brana jest pod uwagę opcja <tt>-" -"f</tt>, a także wszystkie istotne działania wykonywanego polecenia." +"wyświetlane są informacje o końcowym stanie, brana jest pod uwagę opcja " +"<literal>-f</literal>, a także wszystkie istotne działania wykonywanego " +"polecenia." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:364 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:385 msgid "The Extra Package list" msgstr "Lista dodatkowych pakietów" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:372 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:387 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" @@ -8530,86 +8573,86 @@ msgid "" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" msgstr "" "Zostaną zainstalowane następujące dodatkowe pakiety:\n" " libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl\n" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:379 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:395 msgid "" "The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or " "upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only " -"generated for an <tt>install</tt> command. The listed packages are often the " -"result of an Auto Install." +"generated for an <literal>install</literal> command. The listed packages are " +"often the result of an Auto Install." msgstr "" "Lista dodatkowych pakietów wyświetla wszystkie pakiety, które będą " "zainstalowane lub zaktualizowane oprócz tych wymienionych w linii poleceń. " -"Jest generowana tylko dla polecenia <tt>install</tt>. Wymienione pakiety są " -"najczęściej wynikiem automatycznej instalacji." +"Jest generowana tylko dla polecenia <literal>install</literal>. Wymienione " +"pakiety są najczęściej wynikiem automatycznej instalacji." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:382 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:402 msgid "The Packages to Remove" msgstr "Pakiety przeznaczone do usunięcia" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:389 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:404 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" msgstr "" "Następujące pakiety zostaną USUNIĘTE:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:399 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:411 msgid "" "The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed " "from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be " "given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to be taken off. " -"The <tt>-f</tt> option is especially good at generating packages to remove " -"so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain packages " -"that are going to be removed because they are only partially installed, " -"possibly due to an aborted installation." +"The <literal>-f</literal> option is especially good at generating packages " +"to remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain " +"packages that are going to be removed because they are only partially " +"installed, possibly due to an aborted installation." msgstr "" "Lista pakietów przeznaczonych do usunięcia wyświetla wszystkie pakiety, " "które zostaną usunięte z systemu. Może być pokazana dla każdej operacji i " "powinna być szczegółowo przeanalizowana, aby zapewnić, że żaden istotny " -"pakiet nie będzie usunięty. W szczególności opcja <tt>-f</tt> może " +"pakiet nie będzie usunięty. W szczególności opcja <literal>-f</literal> może " "wygenerować sporo pakietów do usunięcia, także w przypadku jej użycia należy " "szczególnie dokładnie przeanalizować wyświetlany raport. Lista może zawierać " "pakiety usuwane z powodu ich tylko częściowego zainstalowania, wynikającego " "być może z przerwania wcześniejszej instalacji." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:402 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:421 msgid "The New Packages list" msgstr "Lista nowych pakietów" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:406 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:423 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" msgstr "" "Zostaną zainstalowane następujące NOWE pakiety:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:411 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:427 msgid "" "The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages " "listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is " @@ -8619,58 +8662,58 @@ msgstr "" "pakiety nie są obecnie zainstalowane w systemie, ale będą, kiedy APT skończy " "działanie." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:414 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:432 msgid "The Kept Back list" msgstr "Lista zatrzymanych pakietów" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:419 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:434 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" msgstr "" "Następujące pakiety zostały zatrzymane:\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:428 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:439 msgid "" "Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that " "new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things " "or conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will " "appear in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed there " -"to install is with <tt>apt-get install</tt> or by using <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"to resolve their problems." +"to install is with <literal>apt-get install</literal> or by using " +"<command>dselect</command> to resolve their problems." msgstr "" "Jeśli aktualizowany jest cały system, to jest możliwe, że nowe wersje " "pakietów nie będą mogły być zainstalowane, ponieważ wymagają nowych pakietów " "lub są w konflikcie z już zainstalowanymi pakietami. W takim wypadku pakiet " "pojawi się na liście pakietów zatrzymanych. Najlepszym sposobem na " -"zainstalowanie takich pakietów jest użycie <tt>apt-get install</tt> lub " -"rozwiązanie problemów z zależnościami za pomocą programu <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn>." +"zainstalowanie takich pakietów jest użycie <literal>apt-get install</" +"literal> lub rozwiązanie problemów z zależnościami za pomocą programu " +"<command>dselect</command>." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:431 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:448 msgid "Held Packages warning" msgstr "Ostrzeżenie o zmianie zatrzymanych pakietów" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:435 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:450 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" msgstr "" "Zostaną zmienione następujące zatrzymane pakiety:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:441 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:454 msgid "" "Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a " "case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be changed. " @@ -8680,32 +8723,32 @@ msgstr "" "W takim przypadku wypisywane jest ostrzeżenie o zmianie zatrzymanego " "pakietu. Może się to zdarzyć tylko podczas dist-upgrade lub install." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:444 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:460 msgid "Final summary" msgstr "Podsumowanie" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:447 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:462 msgid "" "Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur." msgstr "" "APT zakończy raport podsumowaniem wszystkich zmian, które przeprowadzi." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:452 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:465 #, no-wrap msgid "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" -"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." +"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used.\n" msgstr "" "206 aktualizowanych, 8 nowo instalowanych, 25 usuwanych i 51 nieaktualizowanych.\n" "12 nie w pełni zainstalowanych lub usuniętych.\n" -"Konieczne pobranie 65.7M/66.7M archiwów. Po rozpakowaniu zostanie użyte 26.5M." +"Konieczne pobranie 65.7M/66.7M archiwów. Po rozpakowaniu zostanie użyte 26.5M.\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:470 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:470 msgid "" "The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the " "lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already " @@ -8734,8 +8777,8 @@ msgstr "" "będzie zajęta w /usr po zakończeniu instalacji. Wartość ta może wskazywać na " "zwolnienie miejsca na dysku, jeśli usuwana jest duża liczba pakietów." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:473 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:484 msgid "" "Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages " "to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples." @@ -8743,13 +8786,13 @@ msgstr "" "Używając opcji -u, można wygenerować raport pokazujący pakiety przeznaczone " "do aktualizacji, podobny do tego pokazanego w poprzednim przykładzie." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:477 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:491 msgid "The Status Display" msgstr "Wyświetlanie stanu przetwarzania" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:481 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:493 msgid "" "During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of " "status messages." @@ -8757,8 +8800,8 @@ msgstr "" "Podczas pobierania archiwów i plików pakietów APT wyświetla serię " "komunikatów o stanie." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:490 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:497 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" @@ -8767,7 +8810,7 @@ msgid "" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Pob:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" @@ -8775,127 +8818,126 @@ msgstr "" "Traf http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Pob:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Pob:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Oczekiwane na nagłówki' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Oczekiwane na nagłówki' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:500 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:506 msgid "" -"The lines starting with <em>Get</em> are printed out when APT begins to " -"fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the download. The " -"first percent value on the progress line indicates the total percent done of " -"all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files is unknown " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> estimates the percent done which causes some " -"inaccuracies." +"The lines starting with <emphasis>Get</emphasis> are printed out when APT " +"begins to fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the " +"download. The first percent value on the progress line indicates the total " +"percent done of all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files " +"is unknown <literal>apt-get update</literal> estimates the percent done " +"which causes some inaccuracies." msgstr "" -"Linie zaczynające się od <em>Pob:</em> są wypisywane, kiedy APT zaczyna " -"pobierać plik, a ostatnia linia oznacza postęp pobierania. Pierwsza wartość " -"podana w procentach określa całkowity procent pobierania wszystkich plików. " -"Niestety rozmiar plików Package nie jest znany, tak więc <tt>apt-get update</" -"tt> estymuje procent wykonanego pobierania, co powoduje pewne nieścisłości." +"Linie zaczynające się od <emphasis>Pob:</emphasis> są wypisywane, kiedy APT " +"zaczyna pobierać plik, a ostatnia linia oznacza postęp pobierania. Pierwsza " +"wartość podana w procentach określa całkowity procent pobierania wszystkich " +"plików. Niestety rozmiar plików Package nie jest znany, tak więc " +"<literal>apt-get update</literal> estymuje procent wykonanego pobierania, co " +"powoduje pewne nieścisłości." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:509 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:514 msgid "" "The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download " "thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful " "information about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read " -"<em>Forking</em> which means the OS is loading the download module. The " -"first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the history lines. " -"The next word is the short form name of the object being downloaded. For " -"archives it will contain the name of the package that is being fetched." +"<emphasis>Forking</emphasis> which means the OS is loading the download " +"module. The first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the " +"history lines. The next word is the short form name of the object being " +"downloaded. For archives it will contain the name of the package that is " +"being fetched." msgstr "" "Następna sekcja linii statusu powtarza się dla każdego wątku pobierania, " "oznacza przeprowadzanie operacji i podaje kilka użytecznych informacji na " -"temat tego, co się dzieje. Czasem sekcja ta zawiera komunikat <em>Tworzenie " -"procesu potomnego</em>, co oznacza, że system operacyjny ładuje moduł " -"pobierania. Pierwszym słowem po znaku \"[\" jest liczba pobrań, dokładnie " -"taka jaka jest pokazana liczba linii historii pobrań. Następnie w skróconej " -"formie wyświetlana jest nazwa pobieranego obiektu. W przypadku archiwów " -"nazwa ta będzie zawierać nazwę pobieranego pakietu." +"temat tego, co się dzieje. Czasem sekcja ta zawiera komunikat " +"<emphasis>Tworzenie procesu potomnego</emphasis>, co oznacza, że system " +"operacyjny ładuje moduł pobierania. Pierwszym słowem po znaku \"[\" jest " +"liczba pobrań, dokładnie taka jaka jest pokazana liczba linii historii " +"pobrań. Następnie w skróconej formie wyświetlana jest nazwa pobieranego " +"obiektu. W przypadku archiwów nazwa ta będzie zawierać nazwę pobieranego " +"pakietu." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:524 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:524 msgid "" "Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress " "of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from " -"<em>Connecting</em> to <em>Waiting for file</em> to <em>Downloading</em> or " -"<em>Resuming</em>. The final value is the number of bytes downloaded from " -"the remote site. Once the download begins this is represented as " -"<tt>102/10.2k</tt> indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 " -"kilobytes is expected. The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation " -"to preserve space. After the size display is a percent meter for the file " -"itself. The second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This " -"values is updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for " -"that period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated " -"regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown transfer " -"rate." +"<emphasis>Connecting</emphasis> to <emphasis>Waiting for file</emphasis> to " +"<emphasis>Downloading</emphasis> or <emphasis>Resuming</emphasis>. The final " +"value is the number of bytes downloaded from the remote site. Once the " +"download begins this is represented as <literal>102/10.2k</literal> " +"indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is expected. " +"The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve space. After " +"the size display is a percent meter for the file itself. The second last " +"element is the instantaneous average speed. This values is updated every 5 " +"seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for that period. Finally is " +"shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated regularly and reflects " +"the time to complete everything at the shown transfer rate." msgstr "" "W pojedynczych cudzysłowach podawany jest komunikat wskazujący na postęp " "tworzenia połączenia pobierania danych. Zazwyczaj postęp ten jest sekwencją " -"zdarzeń od <em>Podłączanie</em> przez <em>Oczekiwanie na nagłówki</em> do " -"<em>Pobieranie</em> lub <em>Wznawianie</em>. Końcową wartością jest liczba " -"bajtów pobranych ze zdalnego serwera. Kiedy tylko pobieranie się rozpocznie, " -"wartość ta jest wyświetlana jw formacie typu <tt>102/10.2k</tt>, co oznacza, " -"że pobrano 102 bajty, a oczekuje się jeszcze pobrania 10.2 kilobajtów. Aby " -"zaoszczędzić miejsce, całkowity rozmiar jest zawsze wyświetlany jako w " -"postaci 4-znakowej. Po rozmiarze następuje procentowy wskaźnik postępu " -"pobierania danego pliku. Przedostatnim elementem jest bieżąca średnia " -"prędkość pobierania, która jest aktualizowane co każde 5 sekund i " -"odzwierciedla tempo pobierania w tym okresie. W końcu wyświetlany jest " -"estymowany czas pobierania, regularnie aktualizowany i odzwierciedlający " -"czas pozostały do zakończenia pobierania przy założeniu utrzymania się " -"pokazanego tempa pobierania." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:530 +"zdarzeń od <emphasis>Podłączanie</emphasis> przez <emphasis>Oczekiwanie na " +"nagłówki</emphasis> do <emphasis>Pobieranie</emphasis> lub " +"<emphasis>Wznawianie</emphasis>. Końcową wartością jest liczba bajtów " +"pobranych ze zdalnego serwera. Kiedy tylko pobieranie się rozpocznie, " +"wartość ta jest wyświetlana jw formacie typu <literal>102/10.2k</literal>, " +"co oznacza, że pobrano 102 bajty, a oczekuje się jeszcze pobrania 10.2 " +"kilobajtów. Aby zaoszczędzić miejsce, całkowity rozmiar jest zawsze " +"wyświetlany jako w postaci 4-znakowej. Po rozmiarze następuje procentowy " +"wskaźnik postępu pobierania danego pliku. Przedostatnim elementem jest " +"bieżąca średnia prędkość pobierania, która jest aktualizowane co każde 5 " +"sekund i odzwierciedla tempo pobierania w tym okresie. W końcu wyświetlany " +"jest estymowany czas pobierania, regularnie aktualizowany i " +"odzwierciedlający czas pozostały do zakończenia pobierania przy założeniu " +"utrzymania się pokazanego tempa pobierania." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:539 msgid "" "The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback " "on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file " "is started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is unsuitable " -"for logging to a file, use the <tt>-q</tt> option to remove the status " -"display." +"for logging to a file, use the <literal>-q</literal> option to remove the " +"status display." msgstr "" "Linia stanu jest aktualizowana co każde pół sekundy, aby na bieżąco " "informować użytkownika o postępie pobierania, podczas gdy linie \"Pob:\" są " "przesuwane w dół, gdy tylko zacznie się pobieranie nowego pliku. Ponieważ " "linia stanu jest ciągle zmieniana, wyjście programu nie jest odpowiednie do " -"przekierowania do pliku. Aby usunąć linie stanu, należy użyć opcji <tt>-q</" -"tt>." +"przekierowania do pliku. Aby usunąć linie stanu, należy użyć opcji <literal>-" +"q</literal>." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:535 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:547 msgid "Dpkg" msgstr "Dpkg" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:542 -msgid "" -"APT uses <prgn>dpkg</prgn> for installing the archives and will switch over " -"to the <prgn>dpkg</prgn> interface once downloading is completed. " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> will also ask a number of questions as it processes the " -"packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. Before " -"each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and the " -"questions are too varied to discuss completely here." -msgstr "" -"APT używa programu <prgn>dpkg</prgn> do instalowania archiwów i przełączy " -"się do interfejsu <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, gdy tylko zakończy pobieranie plików. " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> może również zadawać pytania podczas przetwarzania " -"pakietów, a same pakiety także mogą zadawać pytania. Każde pytanie zazwyczaj " -"jest poprzedzone opisem, a same pytania są zbyt zróżnicowane, by je tutaj " -"opisać." - -#. type: <title></title> -#: offline.sgml:4 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:549 +msgid "" +"APT uses <command>dpkg</command> for installing the archives and will switch " +"over to the <command>dpkg</command> interface once downloading is completed. " +"<command>dpkg</command> will also ask a number of questions as it processes " +"the packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. " +"Before each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and " +"the questions are too varied to discuss completely here." +msgstr "" +"APT używa programu <command>dpkg</command> do instalowania archiwów i " +"przełączy się do interfejsu <command>dpkg</command>, gdy tylko zakończy " +"pobieranie plików. <command>dpkg</command> może również zadawać pytania " +"podczas przetwarzania pakietów, a same pakiety także mogą zadawać pytania. " +"Każde pytanie zazwyczaj jest poprzedzone opisem, a same pytania są zbyt " +"zróżnicowane, by je tutaj opisać." + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: offline.dbk:10 msgid "Using APT Offline" msgstr "Używanie APT w trybie offline" -#. type: <version></version> -#: offline.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" - -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: offline.sgml:12 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: offline.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, " "specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades." @@ -8904,23 +8946,24 @@ msgstr "" "dostępu, do sieci, a w szczególności metodę pozwalającą na przeprowadzanie " "aktualizacji systemu." -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: offline.sgml:16 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: offline.dbk:29 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:47 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Wstęp" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:34 offline.sgml:65 offline.sgml:180 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:49 offline.dbk:79 offline.dbk:191 msgid "Overview" msgstr "Wprowadzenie" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:40 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:51 msgid "" "Normally APT requires direct access to a Debian archive, either from a local " "media or through a network. Another common complaint is that a Debian " @@ -8932,8 +8975,8 @@ msgstr "" "że nasz komputer, który pracuje na powolnym łączu takim jak modem, jest " "znacznie oddalony od innego komputera z szybkim łączem." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:51 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:57 msgid "" "The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a " "SuperDisk disc. These discs are not large enough to store the entire Debian " @@ -8941,9 +8984,9 @@ msgid "" "to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch " "them onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is even " "possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely " -"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <em>remote host</em> mean " -"the machine downloading the packages, and <em>target host</em> the one with " -"bad or no connection." +"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <emphasis>remote host</" +"emphasis> mean the machine downloading the packages, and <emphasis>target " +"host</emphasis> the one with bad or no connection." msgstr "" "Rozwiązaniem tego problemu jest użycie pojemnych przenośnych nośników takich " "jak dyskietka Zip lub dysk SuperDisk. Nośniki te nie są wystarczająco " @@ -8956,8 +8999,8 @@ msgstr "" "innym systemem operacyjnym i programem narzędziowym do pobierania plików " "takim jak wget." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:68 msgid "" "This is achieved by creatively manipulating the APT configuration file. The " "essential premise to tell APT to look on a disc for it's archive files. Note " @@ -8970,13 +9013,13 @@ msgstr "" "sformatowany do obsługi systemu plików pozwalającego posługiwać się długimi " "nazwami plików (np. ext2, fat32 albo vfat)." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:77 msgid "Using APT on both machines" msgstr "Używanie programu APT na obu komputerach" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:71 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:81 msgid "" "APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The " "basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the " @@ -8989,8 +9032,8 @@ msgstr "" "które pakiety trzeba pobrać. Struktura katalogów na dysku powinna wyglądać " "następująco:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:80 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:87 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /disc/\n" @@ -9000,7 +9043,7 @@ msgid "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" msgstr "" " /disc/\n" " archives/\n" @@ -9009,40 +9052,42 @@ msgstr "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:98 msgid "The configuration file" msgstr "Plik konfiguracyjny" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:100 msgid "" "The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and to " "use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should " "contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and " -"the status file should be a copy of <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> from the " -"<em>target host</em>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must " -"use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." +"the status file should be a copy of <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</" +"emphasis> from the <emphasis>target host</emphasis>. Please note, if you are " +"using a local archive you must use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to " +"file URIs." msgstr "" "Plik konfiguracyjny powinien informować program APT, aby przechowywał swoje " "pliki na dysku, a także używał plików konfiguracyjnych z dysku. Plik sources." "list powinien zawierać prawidłowe odnośniki, których należy użyć na zdalnym " -"komputerze, a plik status powinien być kopią <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em>. " -"Należy zauważyć, że podczas używania lokalnego archiwum trzeba użyć tych " -"samych odnośników o identycznej składni." +"komputerze, a plik status powinien być kopią <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</" +"emphasis>. Należy zauważyć, że podczas używania lokalnego archiwum trzeba " +"użyć tych samych odnośników o identycznej składni." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:100 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:108 msgid "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> must contain the necessary information to make APT use the " -"disc:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> must contain the necessary information to make " +"APT use the disc:" msgstr "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> musi zawierać niezbędne wpisy, by APT korzystał z dysku:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> musi zawierać niezbędne wpisy, by APT " +"korzystał z dysku:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:124 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:112 #, no-wrap msgid "" " APT\n" @@ -9050,10 +9095,10 @@ msgid "" " /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" @@ -9064,20 +9109,20 @@ msgid "" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" msgstr "" " APT\n" " {\n" " /* Wpis nie jest wymagany, jeśli oba komputery mają tę samą architekturę;\n" " podaje architekturę naszego komputera programowi APT na odległym komputerze */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Używaj katalogu disc na informacje stanu i przekieruj plik status\n" @@ -9088,68 +9133,71 @@ msgstr "" " // Katalog lokalnie przechowywanych pakietów binarnych\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Lokalizacja pliku sources.list.\n" " Etc \"/disc\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:129 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:137 msgid "" "More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample " -"configuration file in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"configuration file in <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</" +"emphasis>." msgstr "" "Więcej szczegółów można zobaczyć w stronie podręcznika apt.conf i w " -"przykładowym pliku konfiguracyjnym <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</" -"em>." +"przykładowym pliku konfiguracyjnym <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt." +"conf</emphasis>." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:136 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:142 msgid "" -"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy <em>/" -"var/lib/dpkg/status</em> to it. You will also need to create the directories " -"outlined in the Overview, <em>archives/partial/</em> and <em>lists/partial/</" -"em>. Then take the disc to the remote machine and configure the sources." -"list. On the remote machine execute the following:" +"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy " +"<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> to it. You will also need to " +"create the directories outlined in the Overview, <emphasis>archives/partial/" +"</emphasis> and <emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Then take the disc to " +"the remote machine and configure the sources.list. On the remote machine " +"execute the following:" msgstr "" "Pierwszą rzeczą, jaką należy zrobić na oddalonym komputerze z Debianem to " -"zamontować dysk i przekopiować na niego plik <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em>. " -"Trzeba także utworzyć strukturę katalogów przedstawioną we \"Wprowadzeniu\": " -"<em>archives/partial/</em> i <em>lists/partial/</em>. Następnie należy " -"przenieść dysk do oddalonego komputera z szybkim łączem i skonfigurować plik " -"sources.list. Na oddalonym komputerze wykonujemy kolejno:" - -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:142 +"zamontować dysk i przekopiować na niego plik <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</" +"emphasis>. Trzeba także utworzyć strukturę katalogów przedstawioną we " +"\"Wprowadzeniu\": <emphasis>archives/partial/</emphasis> i <emphasis>lists/" +"partial/</emphasis>. Następnie należy przenieść dysk do oddalonego komputera " +"z szybkim łączem i skonfigurować plik sources.list. Na oddalonym komputerze " +"wykonujemy kolejno:" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:151 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT fetches the package files ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]" +" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT aktualizuje ustawienia ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT pobiera wszystkie pakiety potrzebne do aktualizacji Twojego systemu ]" +" [ APT pobiera wszystkie pakiety potrzebne do aktualizacji Twojego systemu ]\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:158 msgid "" "The dist-upgrade command can be replaced with any other standard APT " "commands, particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end " -"such as <em>dselect</em>. However this presents a problem in communicating " -"your selections back to the local computer." +"such as <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. However this presents a problem in " +"communicating your selections back to the local computer." msgstr "" "Polecenie dist-upgrade można zastąpić każdym innym podstawowym poleceniem " "APT, w szczególności dselect-upgrade. Można nawet użyć APT jako metody " -"dostępu dla <em>dselect</em>. Jednak stworzy to problem w przeniesieniu " -"Twoich operacji wyborów z powrotem na lokalny komputer." +"dostępu dla <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. Jednak stworzy to problem w " +"przeniesieniu Twoich operacji wyborów z powrotem na lokalny komputer." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:153 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:164 msgid "" "Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade " "the target machine. Take the disc back and run:" @@ -9158,24 +9206,24 @@ msgstr "" "niezbędne do aktualizacji maszyny z Debianem. Bierzemy dysk z powrotem do " "siebie i wpisujemy:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:159 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:168 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT generates a local copy of the cache files ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Or any other APT command ]" +" [ Or any other APT command ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT tworzy lokalną kopię plików cache ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Może też być inne polecenie programu APT ]" +" [ Może też być inne polecenie programu APT ]\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:165 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:175 msgid "" "It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the " "local one. This is very important!" @@ -9183,8 +9231,8 @@ msgstr "" "Do prawidłowego działania koniecznie należy podać plik status z lokalnej " "maszyny. To jest bardzo ważne!" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:172 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:179 msgid "" "If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying disc/" "status to /var/lib/dpkg/status so that any selections you made on the remote " @@ -9199,25 +9247,25 @@ msgstr "" "to możliwe. NIE podmieniaj pliku status, jeśli dpkg lub APT były uruchamiane " "w międzyczasie!" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:178 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:189 msgid "Using APT and wget" msgstr "Używanie programów APT i wget" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:185 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:193 msgid "" -"<em>wget</em> is a popular and portable download tool that can run on nearly " -"any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian machine " -"already has a list of available packages." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> is a popular and portable download tool that can " +"run on nearly any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the " +"Debian machine already has a list of available packages." msgstr "" -"<em>wget</em> jest popularnym i przenośnym programem narzędziowym pobierania " -"plików, który działa prawie na każdym komputerze. W przeciwieństwie do " -"metody opisanej powyżej ta wymaga, aby na lokalnym komputerze była aktualna " -"lista dostępnych pakietów." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> jest popularnym i przenośnym programem " +"narzędziowym pobierania plików, który działa prawie na każdym komputerze. W " +"przeciwieństwie do metody opisanej powyżej ta wymaga, aby na lokalnym " +"komputerze była aktualna lista dostępnych pakietów." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:190 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:198 msgid "" "The basic idea is to create a disc that has only the archive files " "downloaded from the remote site. This is done by using the --print-uris " @@ -9229,13 +9277,13 @@ msgstr "" "następnie przygotujemy skrypt dla programu wget, który pobierze właściwe " "pakiety." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:196 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:204 msgid "Operation" msgstr "Kolejne kroki" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:200 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:206 msgid "" "Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are required. " "We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list." @@ -9244,22 +9292,22 @@ msgstr "" "plików konfiguracyjnych. Używamy jedynie podstawowych poleceń APT, by " "wygenerować listę plików." -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:210 #, no-wrap msgid "" -" # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" +" # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" msgstr "" " # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" " [ Wybierz \"no\" po znaku zachęty, upewnij się, czy to właściwy wybór ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:210 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:216 msgid "" "Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including dselect-" "upgrade." @@ -9267,8 +9315,8 @@ msgstr "" "Można tu użyć także polecenia innego niż dist-upgrade, na przykład dselect-" "upgrade." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:216 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:220 msgid "" "The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to " "execute in order to fetch the necessary archives. This script should be run " @@ -9280,25 +9328,25 @@ msgstr "" "uruchomić w bieżącym katalogu o punkcie montowania disc, tak aby zapisywał " "dane na tym dysku." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:219 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:226 msgid "The remote machine would do something like" msgstr "Na oddalonym komputerze należy wykonać coś takiego" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:223 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:229 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ wait.. ]" +" [ wait.. ]\n" msgstr "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ czekaj.. ]" +" [ czekaj.. ]\n" -#. type: </example><example> -#: offline.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:234 msgid "" "Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine " "installation can proceed using," @@ -9306,14 +9354,14 @@ msgstr "" "Gdy archiwa zostaną pobrane i dysk wróci do komputera z Debianem, " "instalowanie można prowadzić dalej poleceniem:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:230 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:238 #, no-wrap -msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" -msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" +msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" +msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:234 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:241 msgid "Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc." msgstr "Które użyje pobranych uprzednio archiwów z dysku." @@ -9329,14 +9377,12 @@ msgstr "Które użyje pobranych uprzednio archiwów z dysku." #~ msgid "NAME" #~ msgstr "NAZWA" -# #~ msgid "apt - Advanced Package Tool" #~ msgstr "apt - Zaawansowane narzędzie zarządzania pakietami" #~ msgid "SYNOPSIS" #~ msgstr "SKŁADNIA" -# #~ msgid "B<apt>" #~ msgstr "B<apt>" @@ -9364,7 +9410,6 @@ msgstr "Które użyje pobranych uprzednio archiwów z dysku." #~ msgid "SEE ALSO" #~ msgstr "ZOBACZ TAKŻE" -# #, fuzzy #~| msgid "" #~| "B<apt-cache>(8), B<apt-get>(8), B<apt.conf>(5), B<sources.list>(5), " @@ -9379,7 +9424,6 @@ msgstr "Które użyje pobranych uprzednio archiwów z dysku." #~ msgid "DIAGNOSTICS" #~ msgstr "DIAGNOSTYKA" -# #~ msgid "apt returns zero on normal operation, decimal 100 on error." #~ msgstr "" #~ "apt zwraca zero, jeżeli zakończyło się pomyślnie, 100 dziesiętnie w " @@ -9388,11 +9432,9 @@ msgstr "Które użyje pobranych uprzednio archiwów z dysku." #~ msgid "BUGS" #~ msgstr "BŁĘDY" -# #~ msgid "This manpage isn't even started." #~ msgstr "Ta strona podręcznika nie jest nawet zaczęta." -# #~ msgid "" #~ "See E<lt>http://bugs.debian.org/aptE<gt>. If you wish to report a bug in " #~ "B<apt>, please see I</usr/share/doc/debian/bug-reporting.txt> or the " @@ -9405,7 +9447,6 @@ msgstr "Które użyje pobranych uprzednio archiwów z dysku." #~ msgid "AUTHOR" #~ msgstr "AUTOR" -# #~ msgid "apt was written by the APT team E<lt>apt@packages.debian.orgE<gt>." #~ msgstr "" #~ "apt zostało napisane przez zespół APT E<lt>apt@packages.debian.orgE<gt>." @@ -9445,7 +9486,6 @@ msgstr "Które użyje pobranych uprzednio archiwów z dysku." #~ "Universal Resource Locator - URL). Pozostała część linii może być " #~ "komentarzem, jeśli zaczyna się od znaku \"#\"." -# #~ msgid "" #~ "<literal>gencaches</literal> performs the same operation as <command>apt-" #~ "get check</command>. It builds the source and package caches from the " @@ -9457,7 +9497,6 @@ msgstr "Które użyje pobranych uprzednio archiwów z dysku." #~ "podstawie źródeł wymienionych w &sources-list; oraz pliku <filename>/var/" #~ "lib/dpkg/status</filename>." -# #~ msgid "" #~ "Unless the <option>-h</option>, or <option>--help</option> option is " #~ "given one of the commands below must be present. <placeholder type=" @@ -9467,14 +9506,12 @@ msgstr "Które użyje pobranych uprzednio archiwów z dysku." #~ "<option>-h</option> lub <option>--help</option>. <placeholder type=" #~ "\"variablelist\" id=\"0\"/>" -# #~ msgid "APT package handling utility -- cache manipulator" #~ msgstr "Narzędzie zarządzania pakietami APT -- manipulator bufora" #~ msgid "add <replaceable>file(s)</replaceable>" #~ msgstr "add <replaceable>plik(i)</replaceable>" -# #~ msgid "" #~ "<literal>add</literal> adds the named package index files to the package " #~ "cache. This is for debugging only." diff --git a/doc/po/pt.po b/doc/po/pt.po index 114a68812..7ac460648 100644 --- a/doc/po/pt.po +++ b/doc/po/pt.po @@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: apt 0.9.7.1\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team <deity@lists.debian.org>\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-06-19 12:02+0200\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-04-01 13:59+0200\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-07-03 22:15+0200\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2014-07-04 01:43+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Américo Monteiro <a_monteiro@netcabo.pt>\n" "Language-Team: Portuguese <l10n@debianpt.org>\n" "Language: pt\n" @@ -8480,36 +8480,53 @@ msgstr "" "<command>apt-ftparchive</command> devolve zero na operação normal, 100 " "decimal em erro." -#. type: <title></title> -#: guide.sgml:4 +#. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book> +#: guide.dbk:8 offline.dbk:8 +msgid "en" +msgstr "pt" + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: guide.dbk:10 msgid "APT User's Guide" msgstr "Guia de Utilizador do APT" -#. type: <author></author> -#: guide.sgml:6 offline.sgml:6 -msgid "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" -msgstr "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><personname> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "Jason Gunthorpe" +msgstr "Jason Gunthorpe" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><email> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "jgg@debian.org" +msgstr "jgg@debian.org" -#. type: <version></version> -#: guide.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><releaseinfo> +#: guide.dbk:20 offline.dbk:20 +msgid "Version &apt-product-version;" +msgstr "" -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: guide.sgml:11 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: guide.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager." msgstr "" "Este documento disponibiliza uma visão geral de como usar o gestor de " "pacotes APT." -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: guide.sgml:15 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: guide.dbk:28 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><title> +#: guide.dbk:31 offline.dbk:32 +msgid "License Notice" +msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:21 offline.sgml:22 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:33 offline.dbk:34 msgid "" "\"APT\" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/" "or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as " @@ -8521,8 +8538,8 @@ msgstr "" "published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, " "or (at your option) any later version." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:24 offline.sgml:25 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:42 offline.dbk:40 msgid "" "For more details, on Debian systems, see the file /usr/share/common-licenses/" "GPL for the full license." @@ -8530,31 +8547,31 @@ msgstr "" "Para mais detalhes em sistemas Debian, veja o ficheiro /usr/share/common-" "licenses/GPL para a licença completa." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:49 msgid "General" msgstr "Geral" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:38 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:51 msgid "" -"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> method and the <prgn>apt-get</prgn> command line user interface. Both " -"provide a way to install and remove packages as well as download new " -"packages from the Internet." +"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <command>dselect</" +"command> method and the <command>apt-get</command> command line user " +"interface. Both provide a way to install and remove packages as well as " +"download new packages from the Internet." msgstr "" -"O pacote APT contém actualmente duas secções, o método <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"do APT e a interface de utilizador de linha de comandos <prgn>apt-get</" -"prgn>. Ambos disponibilizam uma maneira de instalar e remover pacotes assim " -"como descarregar novos pacotes da Internet." +"O pacote APT contém actualmente duas secções, o método <command>dselect</" +"command> do APT e a interface de utilizador de linha de comandos " +"<command>apt-get</command>. Ambos disponibilizam uma maneira de instalar e " +"remover pacotes assim como descarregar novos pacotes da Internet." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:39 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:57 msgid "Anatomy of the Package System" msgstr "Anatomia do Sistema de Pacotes" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:44 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:59 msgid "" "The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated " "with each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into " @@ -8565,8 +8582,8 @@ msgstr "" "limpo e fácil no sistema. A mais proeminente das suas funcionalidades é o " "sistema de dependências." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:52 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:64 msgid "" "The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared " "elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently " @@ -8581,8 +8598,8 @@ msgstr "" "médio. Também permite opções em agentes de transporte de mail, servidores X " "e mais." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:71 msgid "" "The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the " "concept of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a " @@ -8594,8 +8611,8 @@ msgstr "" "simples é que um pacote requer outro pacote seja instalado ao mesmo tempo " "para funcionar correctamente." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:76 msgid "" "For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email " "with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a " @@ -8607,8 +8624,8 @@ msgstr "" "uma dependência simples do GPG. Também, porque é uma extensão do emacs, tem " "uma dependência simples do emacs, e sem o emacs é completamente inútil." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:73 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:82 msgid "" "The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It " "means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and " @@ -8629,8 +8646,8 @@ msgstr "" "de mail têm uma dependência de conflito com todos os outros agentes de " "transporte de mail." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:83 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:92 msgid "" "As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend " "to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are " @@ -8650,8 +8667,8 @@ msgstr "" "agente de transporte de mail dependem de um mail-transport-agent. Isto pode " "adicionar uma grande confusão quando se tenta corrigir pacotes manualmente." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:102 msgid "" "At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are " "already installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency " @@ -8663,77 +8680,85 @@ msgstr "" "problemas com dependências ao disponibilizar um número de algoritmos " "automáticos que ajudam a seleccionar os pacotes para instalação." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:111 msgid "apt-get" msgstr "apt-get" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:102 -msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> provides a simple way to install packages from the " -"command line. Unlike <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> does not " -"understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and can only " -"install .deb archives from a <em>Source</em>." -msgstr "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> fornece uma maneira simples de instalar pacotes a " -"partir da linha de comandos. Ao contrário do <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, o <prgn>apt-" -"get</prgn> não compreende os ficheiros .deb, funciona com o nome próprio do " -"pacote e apenas pode instalar arquivos .deb a partir de uma <em>Source</em>." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:109 -msgid "" -"The first <footnote><p>If you are using an http proxy server you must set " -"the http_proxy environment variable first, see sources.list(5)</p></" -"footnote> thing that should be done before using <prgn>apt-get</prgn> is to " -"fetch the package lists from the <em>Sources</em> so that it knows what " -"packages are available. This is done with <tt>apt-get update</tt>. For " -"instance," -msgstr "" -"O primeira <footnote><p>se você está a usar um servidor proxy http você tem " -"que definir a variável de ambiente http_proxy primeiro, veja sources." -"list(5)</p></footnote> coisa que deve ser feita antes de usar <prgn>apt-get</" -"prgn> é obter as listas de pacotes a partir das <em>Sources</em> para que " -"ele saiba que pacotes estão disponíveis. Isto é feito com <tt>apt-get " -"update</tt>. Por exemplo," - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:116 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:113 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> provides a simple way to install packages from " +"the command line. Unlike <command>dpkg</command>, <command>apt-get</command> " +"does not understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and " +"can only install .deb archives from a <emphasis>Source</emphasis>." +msgstr "" +"<command>apt-get</command> fornece uma maneira simples de instalar pacotes a " +"partir da linha de comandos. Ao contrário do <command>dpkg</command>, o " +"<command>apt-get</command> não compreende os ficheiros .deb, funciona com o " +"nome próprio do pacote e apenas pode instalar arquivos .deb a partir de uma " +"<emphasis>Source</emphasis>." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"If you are using an http proxy server you must set the http_proxy " +"environment variable first, see sources.list(5)" +msgstr "" +"se você está a usar um servidor proxy http você tem que definir a variável " +"de ambiente http_proxy primeiro, veja sources.list(5)" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"The first <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> thing that should be " +"done before using <command>apt-get</command> is to fetch the package lists " +"from the <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> so that it knows what packages are " +"available. This is done with <literal>apt-get update</literal>. For instance," +msgstr "" +"O primeira <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> coisa que deve ser " +"feita antes de usar <command>apt-get</command> é obter as listas de pacotes " +"a partir das <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> para que ele saiba que pacotes " +"estão disponíveis. Isto é feito com <literal>apt-get update</literal>. Por " +"exemplo," + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" -#. type: <p><taglist> -#: guide.sgml:120 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:134 msgid "Once updated there are several commands that can be used:" msgstr "Uma vez actualizado existem vários comandos que podem ser usados:" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:121 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:138 msgid "upgrade" msgstr "upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:141 msgid "" "Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never " "install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever " "upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break. This can be " "used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade will list all of " "the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually means that they depend " -"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <prgn>dselect</prgn> or " -"<tt>apt-get install</tt> can be used to force these packages to install." +"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <command>dselect</" +"command> or <literal>apt-get install</literal> can be used to force these " +"packages to install." msgstr "" "Upgrade irá tentar actualizar gentilmente todo o sistema. Upgrade nunca irá " "instalar um pacote novo ou remover um pacote existente, nem nunca irá " @@ -8741,16 +8766,16 @@ msgstr "" "ser usado diariamente para actualizar o sistema com relativa segurança. " "Upgrade ira listar todos os pacotes que não pode actualizar, isto geralmente " "significa que eles dependem de novos pacotes ou entram em conflito com algum " -"outro pacote. <prgn>dselect</prgn> ou <tt>apt-get install</tt> podem ser " -"usados para forçar estes pacotes a instalar." +"outro pacote. <command>dselect</command> ou <literal>apt-get install</" +"literal> podem ser usados para forçar estes pacotes a instalar." -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:153 msgid "install" msgstr "install" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:156 msgid "" "Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically " "fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of " @@ -8768,33 +8793,34 @@ msgstr "" "com os pacotes listados e irá escrever um sumário e pedir confirmação se " "algo mais que os seus argumentos serão alterados." -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:167 msgid "dist-upgrade" msgstr "dist-upgrade" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:170 msgid "" "Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between " "releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best " "set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system " "to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use dist-" "upgrade rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> can be used to install any packages that may have been left out." +"<command>dselect</command>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then " +"<command>dselect</command> can be used to install any packages that may have " +"been left out." msgstr "" "Dist-upgrade é um actualizador completo desenhado para simplificar a " "actualização entre lançamentos da Debian. Usa um algoritmo sofisticado para " "determinar o melhor conjunto de pacotes a instalar, actualizar ou remover " "para obter o máximo do sistema para o novo lançamento. Em algumas situações " "pode ser desejável usar o dist-upgrade em vez de passar o tempo a resolver " -"dependências manualmente no <prgn>dselect</prgn>. Assim que o dist-upgrade " -"tiver terminado então pode ser usado o <prgn>dselect</prgn> para instalar " -"quaisquer pacotes que tenham ficado de fora." +"dependências manualmente no <command>dselect</command>. Assim que o dist-" +"upgrade tiver terminado então pode ser usado o <command>dselect</command> " +"para instalar quaisquer pacotes que tenham ficado de fora." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:152 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:180 msgid "" "It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its " "decisions may sometimes be quite surprising." @@ -8802,166 +8828,161 @@ msgstr "" "É importante observar de perto o que o dist-upgrade vai fazer, as suas " "decisões podem por vezes ser bastante surpreendentes." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:163 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed " -#| "in its man page, <manref section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. The most useful " -#| "option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -#| "system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -#| "start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is " -#| "used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the " -#| "command that caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." -msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed in " -"its man page, <manref name=\"apt-get\" section=\"8\">. The most useful " -"option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -"system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -"start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is used " -"the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the command that " -"caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." -msgstr "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> tem várias opções de linha de comandos que estão " -"detalhados no seu manual, <manref section=\"8\" name=\"apt-get\">. A opção " -"mais útil é <tt>-d</tt> que não instala os pacotes obtidos, Se o sistema " -"tiver que descarregar um grande número de pacotes seria indesejável começar " -"a instalá-los no caso de algo correr mal. Quando se usa <tt>-d</tt> os " -"arquivos descarregados podem ser instalados simplesmente ao correr de novo " -"comando que s descarregou mas sem o <tt>-d</tt>." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:168 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:187 +msgid "" +"<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are " +"detailed in its man page, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The most useful " +"option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the fetched files. If " +"the system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired " +"to start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <literal>-d</" +"literal> is used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running " +"the command that caused them to be downloaded again without <literal>-d</" +"literal>." +msgstr "" +"<command>apt-get</command> tem várias opções de linha de comandos que estão " +"detalhados no seu manual, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. A opção mais útil é " +"<literal>-d</literal> que não instala os pacotes obtidos, Se o sistema tiver " +"que descarregar um grande número de pacotes seria indesejável começar a " +"instalá-los no caso de algo correr mal. Quando se usa <literal>-d</literal> " +"os arquivos descarregados podem ser instalados simplesmente ao correr de " +"novo comando que s descarregou mas sem o <literal>-d</literal>." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:199 msgid "DSelect" msgstr "DSelect" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:173 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:201 msgid "" -"The APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method provides the complete APT system with " -"the <prgn>dselect</prgn> package selection GUI. <prgn>dselect</prgn> is used " -"to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT actually installs " -"them." +"The APT <command>dselect</command> method provides the complete APT system " +"with the <command>dselect</command> package selection GUI. <command>dselect</" +"command> is used to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT " +"actually installs them." msgstr "" -"O método <prgn>dselect</prgn> do APT disponibiliza o sistema APT completo " -"com a GUI de selecção de pacotes <prgn>dselect</prgn>. O <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> é usado para seleccionar os pacotes a serem instalados ou removidos e " -"o APT instala-os." +"O método <command>dselect</command> do APT disponibiliza o sistema APT " +"completo com a GUI de selecção de pacotes <command>dselect</command>. O " +"<command>dselect</command> é usado para seleccionar os pacotes a serem " +"instalados ou removidos e o APT instala-os." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:184 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:207 msgid "" -"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " -"<em>Sources</em> which are places to fetch archives from. These can be " -"remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source can " -"provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " +"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <command>dselect</" +"command> and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " +"<emphasis>Sources</emphasis> which are places to fetch archives from. These " +"can be remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source " +"can provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " "combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CD-ROM then " "it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you " "have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use packages on " "your CD-ROM before downloading from the Internet." msgstr "" "Para activar o método APT você precisa de seleccionar [A]ccess no " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> e depois escolher o método APT. Ser-lhe-à perguntado " -"por um conjunto de <em>Sources</em> que são os lugares de onde obter os " -"arquivos. Estes podem ser sites remotos da Internet, mirrors Debian locais " -"ou CD-ROMs. Cada source pode disponibilizar um fragmento do arquivo Debian " -"total. O APT irá automaticamente combiná-los para formar um conjunto " -"completo de pacotes. Se tem um CD-ROM, então é boa ideia especificá-lo em " -"primeiro lugar e depois especificar um mirror para ter acesso às correcções " -"de bugs mais recentes. O APT irá automaticamente usar os pacotes no seu CD-" -"ROM antes de descarregar da Internet." - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:198 +"<command>dselect</command> e depois escolher o método APT. Ser-lhe-à " +"perguntado por um conjunto de <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> que são os " +"lugares de onde obter os arquivos. Estes podem ser sites remotos da " +"Internet, mirrors Debian locais ou CD-ROMs. Cada source pode disponibilizar " +"um fragmento do arquivo Debian total. O APT irá automaticamente combiná-los " +"para formar um conjunto completo de pacotes. Se tem um CD-ROM, então é boa " +"ideia especificá-lo em primeiro lugar e depois especificar um mirror para " +"ter acesso às correcções de bugs mais recentes. O APT irá automaticamente " +"usar os pacotes no seu CD-ROM antes de descarregar da Internet." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:218 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" msgstr "" " Configurar uma lista de localizações fonte da distribuição\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Por favor forneça o URL base da distribuição Debian.\n" " Os esquemas de acesso que conheço são: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Por exemplo:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:232 msgid "" -"The <em>Sources</em> setup starts by asking for the base of the Debian " -"archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution to " -"get." +"The <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> setup starts by asking for the base of the " +"Debian archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the " +"distribution to get." msgstr "" -"A configuração de <em>Sources</em> começa por perguntar pela base do arquivo " -"Debian, usando por predefinição um mirror HTTP. Depois pergunta qual a " -"distribuição a obter." +"A configuração de <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> começa por perguntar pela " +"base do arquivo Debian, usando por predefinição um mirror HTTP. Depois " +"pergunta qual a distribuição a obter." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:212 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:237 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" msgstr "" " Por favor forneça a etiqueta da distribuição a obter ou um caminho para o\n" " ficheiro package terminando com um /. As etiquetas da\n" " distribuição são tipicamente algo como: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:222 -msgid "" -"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, <em>stable</" -"em> refers to the latest released version and <em>unstable</em> refers to " -"the developmental version. <em>non-US</em> is only available on some mirrors " -"and refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things " -"that cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages " -"into the US is legal however." -msgstr "" -"A distribuição refere-se à versão Debian no arquivo, <em>stable</em> refere-" -"se à última versão lançada e <em>unstable</em> refere-se à versão de " -"desenvolvimento. <em>non-US</em> apenas está disponível em alguns mirrors e " -"refere-se a pacotes que contém tecnologia de encriptação ou outras coisas " -"que não podem ser exportadas dos Estados Unidos. No entanto importar estes " -"pacotes para os US é legal." - -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:228 +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:244 +msgid "" +"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, " +"<emphasis>stable</emphasis> refers to the latest released version and " +"<emphasis>unstable</emphasis> refers to the developmental version. " +"<emphasis>non-US</emphasis> is only available on some mirrors and refers to " +"packages that contain encryption technology or other things that cannot be " +"exported from the United States. Importing these packages into the US is " +"legal however." +msgstr "" +"A distribuição refere-se à versão Debian no arquivo, <emphasis>stable</" +"emphasis> refere-se à última versão lançada e <emphasis>unstable</emphasis> " +"refere-se à versão de desenvolvimento. <emphasis>non-US</emphasis> apenas " +"está disponível em alguns mirrors e refere-se a pacotes que contém " +"tecnologia de encriptação ou outras coisas que não podem ser exportadas dos " +"Estados Unidos. No entanto importar estes pacotes para os US é legal." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:253 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Components [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Components [main contrib non-free]:\n" msgstr "" " Por favor forneça os componentes a obter\n" " Tipicamente os componentes são algo como: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Componentes [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Componentes [main contrib non-free]:\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:236 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:259 msgid "" "The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The " "distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free " @@ -8973,8 +8994,8 @@ msgstr "" "pacotes livres DFSG enquanto contrib e non-free contêm coisas que têm várias " "restrições colocadas no seu uso e distribuição." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:240 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:265 msgid "" "Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt " "until you have specified all that you want." @@ -8982,23 +9003,23 @@ msgstr "" "Pode ser adicionado qualquer número de fontes, o script de configuração irá " "continuar a perguntar-lhe até que tenha especificado todas as que deseja." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:247 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:269 msgid "" -"Before starting to use <prgn>dselect</prgn> it is necessary to update the " -"available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> that makes the fetched information available to " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. [U]pdate must be performed even if <tt>apt-get update</" -"tt> has been run before." +"Before starting to use <command>dselect</command> it is necessary to update " +"the available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset " +"of <literal>apt-get update</literal> that makes the fetched information " +"available to <command>dselect</command>. [U]pdate must be performed even if " +"<literal>apt-get update</literal> has been run before." msgstr "" -"Antes de começar a usar o <prgn>dselect</prgn> é necessário actualizar a " -"lista disponível ao seleccionar [U]pdate no menu. Isto é um super-conjunto " -"do <tt>apt-get update</tt> que torna a informação obtida disponível ao " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. Deve ser executado o [U]pdate mesmo que tenha sido " -"feito <tt>apt-get update</tt> antes." +"Antes de começar a usar o <command>dselect</command> é necessário actualizar " +"a lista disponível ao seleccionar [U]pdate no menu. Isto é um super-conjunto " +"do <literal>apt-get update</literal> que torna a informação obtida " +"disponível ao <command>dselect</command>. Deve ser executado o [U]pdate " +"mesmo que tenha sido feito <literal>apt-get update</literal> antes." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:253 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:276 msgid "" "You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform " "the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and " @@ -9009,76 +9030,83 @@ msgstr "" "instalação usando [I]nstall. Quando se usa o método APT os comandos [C]onfig " "e [R]emove não fazem sentido, o comando [I]nstall executa ambos juntamente." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:258 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:282 msgid "" "By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they " -"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place <tt>Dselect::" -"clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place " +"<literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." msgstr "" "Por predefinição o APT irá automaticamente remover o ficheiro de pacote (." "deb) assim que ele tenha sido instalado com sucesso. Para alterar este " -"comportamento coloque <tt>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</tt> em /etc/apt/apt." -"conf." +"comportamento coloque <literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> em /etc/" +"apt/apt.conf." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:264 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:288 msgid "The Interface" msgstr "A Interface" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:278 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:292 msgid "" -"Both that APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> share the " -"same interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what it will " -"do and then goes and does it. <footnote><p>The <prgn>dselect</prgn> method " -"actually is a set of wrapper scripts to <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. The method " -"actually provides more functionality than is present in <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"alone.</p></footnote> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " +"The <command>dselect</command> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts " +"to <command>apt-get</command>. The method actually provides more " +"functionality than is present in <command>apt-get</command> alone." +msgstr "" +"O método <command>dselect</command> na verdade é um conjunto de scripts " +"wrapper para o <command>apt-get</command>. O método disponibiliza mais " +"funcionalidades que aquelas presentes no <command>apt-get</command> sozinho." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:290 +msgid "" +"Both that APT <command>dselect</command> method and <command>apt-get</" +"command> share the same interface. It is a simple system that generally " +"tells you what it will do and then goes and does it. <placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " "then will print out some informative status messages so that you can " "estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." msgstr "" -"Ambos método <prgn>dselect</prgn> do APT e <prgn>apt-get</prgn> partilham a " -"mesma interface. É um sistema simples que geralmente lhe diz o que vai fazer " -"e depois fá-lo. <footnote><p> O método <prgn>dselect</prgn> na verdade é um " -"conjunto de scripts wrapper para o <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. O método " -"disponibiliza mais funcionalidades que aquelas presentes no <prgn>apt-get</" -"prgn> sozinho.</p></footnote> Após escrever um sumário do que vai acontecer, " -"o APT depois irá escrever algumas mensagens de estado informativo para que " -"você possa estimar o progresso e quanto falta fazer." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:280 +"Ambos método <command>dselect</command> do APT e <command>apt-get</command> " +"partilham a mesma interface. É um sistema simples que geralmente lhe diz o " +"que vai fazer e depois fá-lo. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Após " +"escrever um sumário do que vai acontecer, o APT depois irá escrever algumas " +"mensagens de estado informativo para que você possa estimar o progresso e " +"quanto falta fazer." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:301 msgid "Startup" msgstr "Arranque" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:284 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:303 msgid "" "Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to " "prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's state. " -"At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get check</" -"tt>." +"At any time these operations can be performed by running <literal>apt-get " +"check</literal>." msgstr "" "Antes de todas as operações, excepto a update, o APT executa um número de " "acções para preparar o seu estado interno. Também faz algumas verificações " "do estado do sistema. A qualquer altura estas operações pode ser executadas " -"correndo <tt>apt-get check</tt>." +"correndo <literal>apt-get check</literal>." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:289 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:309 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:297 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:314 msgid "" "The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses " "a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is run. " @@ -9091,21 +9119,21 @@ msgstr "" "encontrados serão ignorados e será mostrado um aviso quando o apt-get " "terminar." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:303 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:320 msgid "" "The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's " "dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked " "package and considers if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report " -"will be printed out and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will refuse to run." +"will be printed out and <command>apt-get</command> will refuse to run." msgstr "" "A operação final executa uma análise detalhada das dependências do sistema. " "Verifica cada dependência de cada pacote instalado ou desempacotado e " "considera se está OK. Caso isto encontre um problema, então é escrito um " -"relatório e o <prgn>apt-get</prgn> recusa-se a funcionar." +"relatório e o <command>apt-get</command> recusa-se a funcionar." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:320 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:326 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" @@ -9115,14 +9143,14 @@ msgid "" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" @@ -9131,17 +9159,17 @@ msgstr "" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:329 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:343 msgid "" "In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem " "with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is " @@ -9155,84 +9183,95 @@ msgstr "" "não estão satisfeitas. É também incluída uma explicação curta de porquê o " "pacote tem um problema de dependência." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:337 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:352 +msgid "" +"APT however considers all known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken " +"packages" +msgstr "" +"No entanto o APT considera todas as dependências conhecidas e tenta prevenir " +"pacotes quebrados" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:350 msgid "" "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The first " -"is caused by <prgn>dpkg</prgn> missing some subtle relationships between " -"packages when performing upgrades. <footnote><p>APT however considers all " -"known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken packages</p></footnote>. " -"The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. In this " -"situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents being " -"installed." +"is caused by <command>dpkg</command> missing some subtle relationships " +"between packages when performing upgrades. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>. The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. " +"In this situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents " +"being installed." msgstr "" "Existem duas maneiras de um sistema entrar num estado de quebra como este. A " -"primeira é causada pelo <prgn>dpkg</prgn> que não vê algumas relações subtis " -"entre pacotes quando executa actualizações. <footnote><p>No entanto o APT " -"considera todas as dependências conhecidas e tenta prevenir pacotes " -"quebrados</p></footnote>. A segunda é se uma instalação de pacote falha " +"primeira é causada pelo <command>dpkg</command> que não vê algumas relações " +"subtis entre pacotes quando executa actualizações. <placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>. A segunda é se uma instalação de pacote falha " "durante uma operação. Nesta situação um pacote pode ter sido desempacotado " "sem que as suas dependências tenham sido instaladas." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:345 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:359 msgid "" "The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places " "certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases " -"supplying the <tt>-f</tt> option to <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will cause APT to " -"deduce a possible solution to the problem and then continue on. The APT " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> method always supplies the <tt>-f</tt> option to allow " -"for easy continuation of failed maintainer scripts." +"supplying the <literal>-f</literal> option to <command>apt-get</command> " +"will cause APT to deduce a possible solution to the problem and then " +"continue on. The APT <command>dselect</command> method always supplies the " +"<literal>-f</literal> option to allow for easy continuation of failed " +"maintainer scripts." msgstr "" "A segunda situação é muito menos séria que a primeira porque o APT coloca " "certos constrangimentos na ordem que os pacotes são instalados. Em ambos os " -"casos, fornecer a opção <tt>-f</tt> ao <prgn>apt-get</prgn> irá fazer com " -"que o APT deduza uma solução possível para o problema e depois continue. O " -"método <prgn>dselect</prgn> do APT fornece sempre a opção <tt>-f</tt> para " -"permitir uma continuação fácil de scripts do responsável com falhas." - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:351 -msgid "" -"However, if the <tt>-f</tt> option is used to correct a seriously broken " -"system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either fail " -"immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either case it is " -"necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct " -"the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." -msgstr "" -"No entanto, se for usada a opção <tt>-f</tt> para corrigir um sistema " -"seriamente quebrado causado pelo primeiro caso, então é possível que ou " -"falhe imediatamente ou falhe na sequência de instalação. Em qualquer dos " +"casos, fornecer a opção <literal>-f</literal> ao <command>apt-get</command> " +"irá fazer com que o APT deduza uma solução possível para o problema e depois " +"continue. O método <command>dselect</command> do APT fornece sempre a opção " +"<literal>-f</literal> para permitir uma continuação fácil de scripts do " +"responsável com falhas." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:368 +msgid "" +"However, if the <literal>-f</literal> option is used to correct a seriously " +"broken system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will " +"either fail immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either " +"case it is necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to " +"correct the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." +msgstr "" +"No entanto, se for usada a opção <literal>-f</literal> para corrigir um " +"sistema seriamente quebrado causado pelo primeiro caso, então é possível que " +"ou falhe imediatamente ou falhe na sequência de instalação. Em qualquer dos " "casos é necessário usar o dpkg manualmente (possivelmente com opções de " "forçar) para corrigir a situação o suficiente para permitir ao APT continuar." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:356 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:376 msgid "The Status Report" msgstr "O Relatório de Estado" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:363 -msgid "" -"Before proceeding <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will present a report on what will " -"happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed " -"but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists reflect the " -"final state of things, taking into account the <tt>-f</tt> option and any " -"other relevant activities to the command being executed." -msgstr "" -"Antes de prosseguir, o <prgn>apt-get</prgn> irá apresentar um relatório do " -"que irá acontecer. Geralmente o relatório reflecte o tipo de operações a ser " -"executadas mas há vários elementos comuns. Em todos os casos a lista " -"reflecte o estado final das coisas, tendo em conta a opção <tt>-f</tt> e " -"quaisquer outras actividades relevantes ao comando que vai ser executado." - -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:364 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:378 +msgid "" +"Before proceeding <command>apt-get</command> will present a report on what " +"will happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being " +"performed but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists " +"reflect the final state of things, taking into account the <literal>-f</" +"literal> option and any other relevant activities to the command being " +"executed." +msgstr "" +"Antes de prosseguir, o <command>apt-get</command> irá apresentar um " +"relatório do que irá acontecer. Geralmente o relatório reflecte o tipo de " +"operações a ser executadas mas há vários elementos comuns. Em todos os casos " +"a lista reflecte o estado final das coisas, tendo em conta a opção <literal>-" +"f</literal> e quaisquer outras actividades relevantes ao comando que vai ser " +"executado." + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:385 msgid "The Extra Package list" msgstr "A lista de Pacotes Extra" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:372 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:387 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" @@ -9240,85 +9279,85 @@ msgid "" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" msgstr "" "Os seguinte pacotes extra serão instalados:\n" " libdbd-mysql-perl xlib6 zlib1 xzx libreadline2 libdbd-msql-perl\n" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:379 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:395 msgid "" "The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or " "upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only " -"generated for an <tt>install</tt> command. The listed packages are often the " -"result of an Auto Install." +"generated for an <literal>install</literal> command. The listed packages are " +"often the result of an Auto Install." msgstr "" "A lista de Pacotes Extra mostra todos os pacotes que irão ser instalados ou " "actualizados em excesso daqueles mencionados na linha de comandos. É apenas " -"gerada para um comando <tt>install</tt>. Os pacotes listados são geralmente " -"o resultado de uma Auto instalação." +"gerada para um comando <literal>install</literal>. Os pacotes listados são " +"geralmente o resultado de uma Auto instalação." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:382 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:402 msgid "The Packages to Remove" msgstr "Os Pacotes para Remover" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:389 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:404 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" msgstr "" "Os seguintes pacotes irão ser REMOVIDOS:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:399 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:411 msgid "" "The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed " "from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be " "given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to be taken off. " -"The <tt>-f</tt> option is especially good at generating packages to remove " -"so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain packages " -"that are going to be removed because they are only partially installed, " -"possibly due to an aborted installation." +"The <literal>-f</literal> option is especially good at generating packages " +"to remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain " +"packages that are going to be removed because they are only partially " +"installed, possibly due to an aborted installation." msgstr "" "A lista Pacotes para Remover mostra todos os pacotes que irão ser removidos " "do sistema. Pode ser mostrada para qualquer das operações e deve ser-lhe " "dada uma inspecção cuidadosa para assegurar que nada de importante vai ser " -"removido. A opção <tt>-f</tt> é especialmente boa a gerar pacotes para " -"remover, portanto neste caso deve-se usar cuidados extremos. A lista pode " -"conter pacotes que vão ser removidos porque estão apenas parcialmente " +"removido. A opção <literal>-f</literal> é especialmente boa a gerar pacotes " +"para remover, portanto neste caso deve-se usar cuidados extremos. A lista " +"pode conter pacotes que vão ser removidos porque estão apenas parcialmente " "instalados, possivelmente devido a uma instalação abortada." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:402 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:421 msgid "The New Packages list" msgstr "A lista de Novos Pacotes" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:406 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:423 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" msgstr "" "Os seguintes pacotes NOVOS irão ser instalados:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:411 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:427 msgid "" "The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages " "listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is " @@ -9328,57 +9367,57 @@ msgstr "" "pacotes listados não estão instalados presentemente no sistema mas irão " "estar quando o APT terminar." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:414 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:432 msgid "The Kept Back list" msgstr "A lista Kept Back" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:419 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:434 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" msgstr "" "Os seguintes pacotes formam mantidos na versão antiga\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:428 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:439 msgid "" "Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that " "new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things " "or conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will " "appear in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed there " -"to install is with <tt>apt-get install</tt> or by using <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"to resolve their problems." +"to install is with <literal>apt-get install</literal> or by using " +"<command>dselect</command> to resolve their problems." msgstr "" "Sempre que todo o sistema é actualizado existe a possibilidade que novas " "versões de pacotes não possam ser instaladas porque requerem coisas novas ou " "entram em conflito com coisas já instaladas. Nestes casos o pacote irá " "aparecer na lista Kept Back. A melhor maneira de convencer os pacotes " -"listados aqui a instalarem é com o <tt>apt-get install</tt> ou usando o " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> para resolver os seus problemas." +"listados aqui a instalarem é com o <literal>apt-get install</literal> ou " +"usando o <command>dselect</command> para resolver os seus problemas." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:431 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:448 msgid "Held Packages warning" msgstr "Aviso de Pacotes Mantidos" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:435 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:450 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" msgstr "" "Os seguintes pacotes mantidos irão ser alterados:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:441 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:454 msgid "" "Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a " "case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be changed. " @@ -9388,33 +9427,33 @@ msgstr "" "nestes casos ele mostra um aviso que o pacote retido vai ser alterado. Isto " "apenas deve acontecer durante um dist-upgrade ou install." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:444 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:460 msgid "Final summary" msgstr "Sumário final" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:447 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:462 msgid "" "Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur." msgstr "" "Finalmente, o APT irá escrever um sumário de todas as alterações que irão " "acontecer." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:452 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:465 #, no-wrap msgid "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" -"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." +"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used.\n" msgstr "" "206 pacotes actualizados, 8 instalados de novo, 23 para remover e 51 não actualizados.\n" "12 pacotes não totalmente instalados ou removidos.\n" -"É necessário obter 65.7M/66.7M de arquivos. Após desempacotamento será usado 26.5M." +"É necessário obter 65.7M/66.7M de arquivos. Após desempacotamento será usado 26.5M.\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:470 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:470 msgid "" "The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the " "lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already " @@ -9444,8 +9483,8 @@ msgstr "" "estar feito. Se forem removidos um grande número de pacotes então o valor " "pode indicar a quantidade de espaço que irá ser libertado." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:473 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:484 msgid "" "Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages " "to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples." @@ -9453,13 +9492,13 @@ msgstr "" "Outros relatórios podem ser gerados ao usar a opção -u para mostrar os " "pacotes a actualizar, e são semelhantes aos exemplos prévios." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:477 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:491 msgid "The Status Display" msgstr "O Mostrador de Estado" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:481 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:493 msgid "" "During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of " "status messages." @@ -9467,8 +9506,8 @@ msgstr "" "Durante a descarga dos arquivos e ficheiros de pacotes, o APT escreve uma " "série de mensagens de estado." -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:490 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:497 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" @@ -9477,7 +9516,7 @@ msgid "" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" msgstr "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get:1 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/non-US/ Packages\n" @@ -9485,68 +9524,70 @@ msgstr "" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:500 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:506 msgid "" -"The lines starting with <em>Get</em> are printed out when APT begins to " -"fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the download. The " -"first percent value on the progress line indicates the total percent done of " -"all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files is unknown " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> estimates the percent done which causes some " -"inaccuracies." +"The lines starting with <emphasis>Get</emphasis> are printed out when APT " +"begins to fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the " +"download. The first percent value on the progress line indicates the total " +"percent done of all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files " +"is unknown <literal>apt-get update</literal> estimates the percent done " +"which causes some inaccuracies." msgstr "" -"A linhas iniciadas com <em>Get</em> são escritas quando o APT começa a obter " -"um ficheiro enquanto a última linha indica o progresso da descarga. O " -"primeiro valor percentual na linha de progresso indica a percentagem total " -"completa de todos os ficheiros. Infelizmente como o tamanho dos ficheiros de " -"Pacotes é desconhecido o <tt>apt-get update</tt> estima a percentagem de " -"pronto o que causa algumas imprecisões." +"A linhas iniciadas com <emphasis>Get</emphasis> são escritas quando o APT " +"começa a obter um ficheiro enquanto a última linha indica o progresso da " +"descarga. O primeiro valor percentual na linha de progresso indica a " +"percentagem total completa de todos os ficheiros. Infelizmente como o " +"tamanho dos ficheiros de Pacotes é desconhecido o <literal>apt-get update</" +"literal> estima a percentagem de pronto o que causa algumas imprecisões." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:509 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:514 msgid "" "The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download " "thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful " "information about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read " -"<em>Forking</em> which means the OS is loading the download module. The " -"first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the history lines. " -"The next word is the short form name of the object being downloaded. For " -"archives it will contain the name of the package that is being fetched." +"<emphasis>Forking</emphasis> which means the OS is loading the download " +"module. The first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the " +"history lines. The next word is the short form name of the object being " +"downloaded. For archives it will contain the name of the package that is " +"being fetched." msgstr "" "A secção seguinte da linha de estado é repetida para cada processo de " "descarga e indica a operação a ser executada e alguma informação útil acerca " "do que está a acontecer. Por vezes esta secção irá simplesmente ler " -"<em>Forking</em> o que representa que o SO está a carregar o módulo de " -"download. A primeira palavra após o [ é o número de obtenção como mostrado " -"nas linhas de histórico. A palavra seguinte é o nome em formato curto do " -"objecto a ser descarregado. Para os arquivos irá conter o nome do pacote que " -"está a ser descarregado." +"<emphasis>Forking</emphasis> o que representa que o SO está a carregar o " +"módulo de download. A primeira palavra após o [ é o número de obtenção como " +"mostrado nas linhas de histórico. A palavra seguinte é o nome em formato " +"curto do objecto a ser descarregado. Para os arquivos irá conter o nome do " +"pacote que está a ser descarregado." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:524 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:524 msgid "" "Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress " "of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from " -"<em>Connecting</em> to <em>Waiting for file</em> to <em>Downloading</em> or " -"<em>Resuming</em>. The final value is the number of bytes downloaded from " -"the remote site. Once the download begins this is represented as " -"<tt>102/10.2k</tt> indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 " -"kilobytes is expected. The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation " -"to preserve space. After the size display is a percent meter for the file " -"itself. The second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This " -"values is updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for " -"that period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated " -"regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown transfer " -"rate." +"<emphasis>Connecting</emphasis> to <emphasis>Waiting for file</emphasis> to " +"<emphasis>Downloading</emphasis> or <emphasis>Resuming</emphasis>. The final " +"value is the number of bytes downloaded from the remote site. Once the " +"download begins this is represented as <literal>102/10.2k</literal> " +"indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is expected. " +"The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve space. After " +"the size display is a percent meter for the file itself. The second last " +"element is the instantaneous average speed. This values is updated every 5 " +"seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for that period. Finally is " +"shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated regularly and reflects " +"the time to complete everything at the shown transfer rate." msgstr "" "Dentro da única citação está uma string de informação que indica o progresso " -"da fase de negociação do download. Progride tipicamente de <em>A Ligar</em> " -"para <em>À espera do ficheiro</em> para <em>A descarregar</em> ou <em>A " -"resumir</em>. O valor final é o número de bytes descarregados a partir do " -"site remoto. Uma vez começado a descarga isto é representado como " -"<tt>102/10.2k</tt> indicando que 102 bytes foram obtidos e são esperados " +"da fase de negociação do download. Progride tipicamente de <emphasis>A " +"Ligar</emphasis> para <emphasis>À espera do ficheiro</emphasis> para " +"<emphasis>A descarregar</emphasis> ou <emphasis>A resumir</emphasis>. O " +"valor final é o número de bytes descarregados a partir do site remoto. Uma " +"vez começado a descarga isto é representado como <literal>102/10.2k</" +"literal> indicando que 102 bytes foram obtidos e são esperados " "10.2kilobytes. O tamanho total é sempre representado numa anotação de 4 " "figuras para preservar espaço. Após a amostragem do tamanho está um medidor " "de percentagem para o próprio ficheiro. O segundo último elemento é a " @@ -9556,56 +9597,52 @@ msgstr "" "regularmente e reflecte o tempo para completar tudo ao ritmo de " "transferência mostrado." -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:530 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:539 msgid "" "The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback " "on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file " "is started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is unsuitable " -"for logging to a file, use the <tt>-q</tt> option to remove the status " -"display." +"for logging to a file, use the <literal>-q</literal> option to remove the " +"status display." msgstr "" "O mostrador de estado actualiza-se a cada meio segundo para disponibilizar " "uma informação de retorno constante do progresso de descarga enquanto as " "linhas Get deslocam-se para trás sempre que uma nova linha é iniciada. Como " "o mostrador de estado é constantemente actualizado não é apropriado para " -"registar num ficheiro, use a opção <tt>-q</tt> para remover o mostrador de " -"estado." +"registar num ficheiro, use a opção <literal>-q</literal> para remover o " +"mostrador de estado." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:535 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:547 msgid "Dpkg" msgstr "Dpkg" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:542 -msgid "" -"APT uses <prgn>dpkg</prgn> for installing the archives and will switch over " -"to the <prgn>dpkg</prgn> interface once downloading is completed. " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> will also ask a number of questions as it processes the " -"packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. Before " -"each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and the " -"questions are too varied to discuss completely here." -msgstr "" -"O APT usa o <prgn>dpkg</prgn> para instalar os arquivos e irá mudar para a " -"interface do <prgn>dpkg</prgn> assim que a descarga estiver completa. O " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> irá também fazer um número de perguntas conforme vai " -"processando os pacotes e os próprios pacotes podem também fazer várias " -"questões. Antes de cada pergunta há geralmente uma descrição do que se está " -"a perguntar e as perguntas são demasiado variadas para serem discutidas aqui." - -#. type: <title></title> -#: offline.sgml:4 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:549 +msgid "" +"APT uses <command>dpkg</command> for installing the archives and will switch " +"over to the <command>dpkg</command> interface once downloading is completed. " +"<command>dpkg</command> will also ask a number of questions as it processes " +"the packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. " +"Before each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and " +"the questions are too varied to discuss completely here." +msgstr "" +"O APT usa o <command>dpkg</command> para instalar os arquivos e irá mudar " +"para a interface do <command>dpkg</command> assim que a descarga estiver " +"completa. O <command>dpkg</command> irá também fazer um número de perguntas " +"conforme vai processando os pacotes e os próprios pacotes podem também fazer " +"várias questões. Antes de cada pergunta há geralmente uma descrição do que " +"se está a perguntar e as perguntas são demasiado variadas para serem " +"discutidas aqui." + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: offline.dbk:10 msgid "Using APT Offline" msgstr "Usando o APT Offline" -#. type: <version></version> -#: offline.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" - -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: offline.sgml:12 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: offline.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, " "specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades." @@ -9613,23 +9650,25 @@ msgstr "" "Este documento descreve como usar o APT num ambiente sem rede, " "especificamente uma aproximação 'sneaker-net' para executar actualizações." -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: offline.sgml:16 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." -msgstr "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: offline.dbk:29 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" +"<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:47 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Introdução" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:34 offline.sgml:65 offline.sgml:180 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:49 offline.dbk:79 offline.dbk:191 msgid "Overview" msgstr "Visão geral" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:40 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:51 msgid "" "Normally APT requires direct access to a Debian archive, either from a local " "media or through a network. Another common complaint is that a Debian " @@ -9641,8 +9680,8 @@ msgstr "" "numa ligação lenta, como um modem e outra máquina tem uma ligação muito " "rápida mas estão fisicamente distantes." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:51 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:57 msgid "" "The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a " "SuperDisk disc. These discs are not large enough to store the entire Debian " @@ -9650,9 +9689,9 @@ msgid "" "to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch " "them onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is even " "possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely " -"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <em>remote host</em> mean " -"the machine downloading the packages, and <em>target host</em> the one with " -"bad or no connection." +"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <emphasis>remote host</" +"emphasis> mean the machine downloading the packages, and <emphasis>target " +"host</emphasis> the one with bad or no connection." msgstr "" "A solução para isto é usar grandes médias amovíveis como um disco Zip ou um " "disco SuperDisk. Estes discos não são suficientemente grandes para armazenar " @@ -9661,12 +9700,12 @@ msgstr "" "para gerar uma lista de pacotes que são necessários e depois obter-los para " "o disco usando outra máquina com boa ligação. É até possível usar outra " "máquina Debian com APT ou usar um SO completamente diferente e uma " -"ferramenta de download como o wget. Deixe <em>remote host</em> representar a " -"máquina que descarrega os pacotes, e <em>target host</em> aquela com má ou " -"nenhuma ligação." +"ferramenta de download como o wget. Deixe <emphasis>remote host</emphasis> " +"representar a máquina que descarrega os pacotes, e <emphasis>target host</" +"emphasis> aquela com má ou nenhuma ligação." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:68 msgid "" "This is achieved by creatively manipulating the APT configuration file. The " "essential premise to tell APT to look on a disc for it's archive files. Note " @@ -9679,13 +9718,13 @@ msgstr "" "sistema de ficheiros que saiba lidar com nomes de ficheiros longos como o " "ext2, fat32 ou vfat." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:77 msgid "Using APT on both machines" msgstr "Usando o APT em ambas máquinas" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:71 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:81 msgid "" "APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The " "basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the " @@ -9698,8 +9737,8 @@ msgstr "" "quais pacotes descarregar. A estrutura de directórios do disco deverá " "parecer-se com:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:80 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:87 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /disc/\n" @@ -9709,7 +9748,7 @@ msgid "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" msgstr "" " /disc/\n" " archives/\n" @@ -9718,41 +9757,43 @@ msgstr "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:98 msgid "The configuration file" msgstr "O ficheiro de configuração" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:100 msgid "" "The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and to " "use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should " "contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and " -"the status file should be a copy of <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> from the " -"<em>target host</em>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must " -"use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." +"the status file should be a copy of <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</" +"emphasis> from the <emphasis>target host</emphasis>. Please note, if you are " +"using a local archive you must use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to " +"file URIs." msgstr "" "O ficheiro de configuração deve dizer ao APT para armazenar os seus ficheiro " "no disco e usar os ficheiros de configuração do disco também. O sources.list " "deve conter os sites apropriados que deseja usar a partir da máquina remota, " -"e o ficheiro de estado deve ser uma cópia de <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> a " -"partir do <em>target host</em>. Por favor note, se está a usar um arquivo " -"local você deve usar copy URIs, a sintaxe é idêntica a file URIs." +"e o ficheiro de estado deve ser uma cópia de <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</" +"emphasis> a partir do <emphasis>target host</emphasis>. Por favor note, se " +"está a usar um arquivo local você deve usar copy URIs, a sintaxe é idêntica " +"a file URIs." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:100 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:108 msgid "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> must contain the necessary information to make APT use the " -"disc:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> must contain the necessary information to make " +"APT use the disc:" msgstr "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> tem de conter a informação necessária para fazer o APT " -"usar o disco:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> tem de conter a informação necessária para " +"fazer o APT usar o disco:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:124 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:112 #, no-wrap msgid "" " APT\n" @@ -9760,10 +9801,10 @@ msgid "" " /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" @@ -9774,20 +9815,20 @@ msgid "" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" msgstr "" " APT\n" " {\n" " /* Isto não é necessário se as duas máquinas forem da mesma arquitectura, diz\n" " ao APT remoto que arquitectura tem a máquina de destino */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Usa o disco para informação de estado e redirecciona o ficheiro de estado a partir de\n" @@ -9798,66 +9839,70 @@ msgstr "" " // Caches binárias serão armazenadas localmente\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Localização da lista de fontes.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:129 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:137 msgid "" "More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample " -"configuration file in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"configuration file in <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</" +"emphasis>." msgstr "" "Mais detalhes podem ser vistos ao examinar o manual do apt.conf e o exemplo " -"de ficheiro de configuração em <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"de ficheiro de configuração em <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt." +"conf</emphasis>." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:136 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:142 msgid "" -"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy <em>/" -"var/lib/dpkg/status</em> to it. You will also need to create the directories " -"outlined in the Overview, <em>archives/partial/</em> and <em>lists/partial/</" -"em>. Then take the disc to the remote machine and configure the sources." -"list. On the remote machine execute the following:" +"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy " +"<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> to it. You will also need to " +"create the directories outlined in the Overview, <emphasis>archives/partial/" +"</emphasis> and <emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Then take the disc to " +"the remote machine and configure the sources.list. On the remote machine " +"execute the following:" msgstr "" "Na máquina de destino a primeira coisa a fazer é montar o disco e copiar " -"<em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> para ele. Você também precisa de criar os " -"directórios delineados na Visão Geral, <em>archives/partial/</em> e " -"<em>lists/partial/</em>. Depois leve o disco até à máquina remota e " -"configure o sources.list. Na máquina remota execute o seguinte:" - -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:142 +"<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> para ele. Você também precisa de " +"criar os directórios delineados na Visão Geral, <emphasis>archives/partial/</" +"emphasis> e <emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Depois leve o disco até à " +"máquina remota e configure o sources.list. Na máquina remota execute o " +"seguinte:" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:151 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT fetches the package files ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]" +" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT obtém os ficheiros de pacotes ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT obtém todos os pacotes necessários para actualizar a máquina de destino ]" +" [ APT obtém todos os pacotes necessários para actualizar a máquina de destino ]\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:158 msgid "" "The dist-upgrade command can be replaced with any other standard APT " "commands, particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end " -"such as <em>dselect</em>. However this presents a problem in communicating " -"your selections back to the local computer." +"such as <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. However this presents a problem in " +"communicating your selections back to the local computer." msgstr "" "O comando dist-upgrade pode ser substituído por qualquer outro comando APT " "standard, particularmente dselect-upgrade. Você até pode usar um front-end " -"do APT como o <em>dselect</em>. No entanto isto apresenta um problema ao " -"comunicar as suas selecções de volta ao computador local." +"do APT como o <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. No entanto isto apresenta um " +"problema ao comunicar as suas selecções de volta ao computador local." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:153 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:164 msgid "" "Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade " "the target machine. Take the disc back and run:" @@ -9865,24 +9910,24 @@ msgstr "" "Agora o disco contém todos os ficheiros de índice e os arquivos necessários " "para actualizar a máquina de destino. Devolva o disco e corra:" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:159 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:168 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT generates a local copy of the cache files ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Or any other APT command ]" +" [ Or any other APT command ]\n" msgstr "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT gera uma cópia local dos ficheiros de cache ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Ou qualquer outro comando APT ]" +" [ Ou qualquer outro comando APT ]\n" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:165 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:175 msgid "" "It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the " "local one. This is very important!" @@ -9890,8 +9935,8 @@ msgstr "" "Para uma função apropriada é necessário re-especificar que o ficheiro de " "estado seja o ficheiro local. Isto é muito importante!" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:172 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:179 msgid "" "If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying disc/" "status to /var/lib/dpkg/status so that any selections you made on the remote " @@ -9906,24 +9951,25 @@ msgstr "" "possível. NÃO copie o ficheiro de estado se entretanto correu o dpkg ou o " "APT!!" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:178 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:189 msgid "Using APT and wget" msgstr "Usando APT e wget" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:185 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:193 msgid "" -"<em>wget</em> is a popular and portable download tool that can run on nearly " -"any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian machine " -"already has a list of available packages." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> is a popular and portable download tool that can " +"run on nearly any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the " +"Debian machine already has a list of available packages." msgstr "" -"<em>wget</em> é uma ferramenta popular e portável de download que pode " -"correr praticamente em qualquer máquina. Ao contrário do método acima, este " -"requer que a máquina Debian já tenha uma lista de pacotes disponíveis." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> é uma ferramenta popular e portável de download " +"que pode correr praticamente em qualquer máquina. Ao contrário do método " +"acima, este requer que a máquina Debian já tenha uma lista de pacotes " +"disponíveis." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:190 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:198 msgid "" "The basic idea is to create a disc that has only the archive files " "downloaded from the remote site. This is done by using the --print-uris " @@ -9934,13 +9980,13 @@ msgstr "" "descarregados do site remoto. Isto é feito ao usar a opção --print-uris no " "apt-get e depois preparar um script wget para realmente ir buscar os pacotes." -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:196 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:204 msgid "Operation" msgstr "Operação" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:200 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:206 msgid "" "Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are required. " "We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list." @@ -9949,22 +9995,22 @@ msgstr "" "configuração especiais. Nós usamos meramente os comandos standard do APT " "para gerar a lista de ficheiros." -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:210 #, no-wrap msgid "" -" # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" +" # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" msgstr "" " # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" " [ Escolha não quando perguntado, certifique-se que está contente com as acções ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:210 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:216 msgid "" "Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including dselect-" "upgrade." @@ -9972,8 +10018,8 @@ msgstr "" "Qualquer comando além do dist-upgrade pode ser usado aqui, incluindo dselect-" "upgrade." -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:216 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:220 msgid "" "The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to " "execute in order to fetch the necessary archives. This script should be run " @@ -9985,25 +10031,25 @@ msgstr "" "corrido com o directório actual sendo o ponto de montagem do disco para que " "grave os resultados no disco." -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:219 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:226 msgid "The remote machine would do something like" msgstr "A máquina remota deverá fazer algo como" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:223 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:229 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ wait.. ]" +" [ wait.. ]\n" msgstr "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ wait.. ]" +" [ wait.. ]\n" -#. type: </example><example> -#: offline.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:234 msgid "" "Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine " "installation can proceed using," @@ -10011,14 +10057,14 @@ msgstr "" "Após os arquivos serem descarregados e o disco retornado à máquina Debian, a " "instalação pode prosseguir usando," -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:230 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:238 #, no-wrap -msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" -msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" +msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" +msgstr " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:234 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:241 msgid "Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc." msgstr "O qual irá usar os arquivos já obtidos e que estão no disco." diff --git a/doc/po/pt_BR.po b/doc/po/pt_BR.po index aed84980b..d14429d1c 100644 --- a/doc/po/pt_BR.po +++ b/doc/po/pt_BR.po @@ -5,16 +5,15 @@ # Translators: # André Luís Lopes <andrelop@ig.com.br> # -#, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: apt\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: APT Development Team <deity@lists.debian.org>\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-06-19 12:02+0200\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2014-07-03 22:15+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2004-09-20 17:02+0000\n" "Last-Translator: André Luís Lopes <andrelop@debian.org>\n" "Language-Team: <debian-l10n-portuguese@lists.debian.org>\n" -"Language: \n" +"Language: pt_BR\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" @@ -6412,34 +6411,50 @@ msgid "" "100 on error." msgstr "" -#. type: <title></title> -#: guide.sgml:4 +#. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book> +#: guide.dbk:8 offline.dbk:8 +msgid "en" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: guide.dbk:10 msgid "APT User's Guide" msgstr "" -#. type: <author></author> -#: guide.sgml:6 offline.sgml:6 -msgid "<name>Jason Gunthorpe </name><email>jgg@debian.org</email>" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><personname> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "Jason Gunthorpe" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><email> +#: guide.dbk:16 offline.dbk:16 +msgid "jgg@debian.org" msgstr "" -#. type: <version></version> -#: guide.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: guide.sgml,v 1.7 2003/04/26 23:26:13 doogie Exp $" +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><releaseinfo> +#: guide.dbk:20 offline.dbk:20 +msgid "Version &apt-product-version;" msgstr "" -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: guide.sgml:11 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: guide.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document provides an overview of how to use the the APT package manager." msgstr "" -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: guide.sgml:15 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1998." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: guide.dbk:28 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1998</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><title> +#: guide.dbk:31 offline.dbk:32 +msgid "License Notice" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:21 offline.sgml:22 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:33 offline.dbk:34 msgid "" "\"APT\" and this document are free software; you can redistribute them and/" "or modify them under the terms of the GNU General Public License as " @@ -6447,42 +6462,42 @@ msgid "" "or (at your option) any later version." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:24 offline.sgml:25 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><legalnotice><para> +#: guide.dbk:42 offline.dbk:40 msgid "" "For more details, on Debian systems, see the file /usr/share/common-licenses/" "GPL for the full license." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:49 msgid "General" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:38 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:51 msgid "" -"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> method and the <prgn>apt-get</prgn> command line user interface. Both " -"provide a way to install and remove packages as well as download new " -"packages from the Internet." +"The APT package currently contains two sections, the APT <command>dselect</" +"command> method and the <command>apt-get</command> command line user " +"interface. Both provide a way to install and remove packages as well as " +"download new packages from the Internet." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:39 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:57 msgid "Anatomy of the Package System" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:44 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:59 msgid "" "The Debian packaging system has a large amount of information associated " "with each package to help assure that it integrates cleanly and easily into " "the system. The most prominent of its features is the dependency system." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:52 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:64 msgid "" "The dependency system allows individual programs to make use of shared " "elements in the system such as libraries. It simplifies placing infrequently " @@ -6491,8 +6506,8 @@ msgid "" "in mail transport agents, X servers and so on." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:71 msgid "" "The first step to understanding the dependency system is to grasp the " "concept of a simple dependency. The meaning of a simple dependency is that a " @@ -6500,8 +6515,8 @@ msgid "" "properly." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:76 msgid "" "For instance, mailcrypt is an emacs extension that aids in encrypting email " "with GPG. Without GPGP installed mailcrypt is useless, so mailcrypt has a " @@ -6509,8 +6524,8 @@ msgid "" "simple dependency on emacs, without emacs it is completely useless." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:73 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:82 msgid "" "The other important dependency to understand is a conflicting dependency. It " "means that a package, when installed with another package, will not work and " @@ -6522,8 +6537,8 @@ msgid "" "other mail transport agents." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:83 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:92 msgid "" "As an added complication there is the possibility for a package to pretend " "to be another package. Consider that exim and sendmail for many intents are " @@ -6535,8 +6550,8 @@ msgid "" "trying to manually fix packages." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:102 msgid "" "At any given time a single dependency may be met by packages that are " "already installed or it may not be. APT attempts to help resolve dependency " @@ -6544,71 +6559,77 @@ msgid "" "packages for installation." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:111 msgid "apt-get" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:102 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:113 msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> provides a simple way to install packages from the " -"command line. Unlike <prgn>dpkg</prgn>, <prgn>apt-get</prgn> does not " -"understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and can only " -"install .deb archives from a <em>Source</em>." +"<command>apt-get</command> provides a simple way to install packages from " +"the command line. Unlike <command>dpkg</command>, <command>apt-get</command> " +"does not understand .deb files, it works with the package's proper name and " +"can only install .deb archives from a <emphasis>Source</emphasis>." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:109 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 msgid "" -"The first <footnote><p>If you are using an http proxy server you must set " -"the http_proxy environment variable first, see sources.list(5)</p></" -"footnote> thing that should be done before using <prgn>apt-get</prgn> is to " -"fetch the package lists from the <em>Sources</em> so that it knows what " -"packages are available. This is done with <tt>apt-get update</tt>. For " -"instance," +"If you are using an http proxy server you must set the http_proxy " +"environment variable first, see sources.list(5)" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:116 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:119 +msgid "" +"The first <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> thing that should be " +"done before using <command>apt-get</command> is to fetch the package lists " +"from the <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> so that it knows what packages are " +"available. This is done with <literal>apt-get update</literal>. For instance," +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:127 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" "Get http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ stable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/contrib Packages\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p><taglist> -#: guide.sgml:120 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:134 msgid "Once updated there are several commands that can be used:" msgstr "" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:121 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:138 msgid "upgrade" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:141 msgid "" "Upgrade will attempt to gently upgrade the whole system. Upgrade will never " "install a new package or remove an existing package, nor will it ever " "upgrade a package that might cause some other package to break. This can be " "used daily to relatively safely upgrade the system. Upgrade will list all of " "the packages that it could not upgrade, this usually means that they depend " -"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <prgn>dselect</prgn> or " -"<tt>apt-get install</tt> can be used to force these packages to install." +"on new packages or conflict with some other package. <command>dselect</" +"command> or <literal>apt-get install</literal> can be used to force these " +"packages to install." msgstr "" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:131 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:153 msgid "install" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:156 msgid "" "Install is used to install packages by name. The package is automatically " "fetched and installed. This can be useful if you already know the name of " @@ -6619,130 +6640,134 @@ msgid "" "anything other than its arguments are changed." msgstr "" -#. type: <tag></tag> -#: guide.sgml:140 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><term> +#: guide.dbk:167 msgid "dist-upgrade" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:170 msgid "" "Dist-upgrade is a complete upgrader designed to simplify upgrading between " "releases of Debian. It uses a sophisticated algorithm to determine the best " "set of packages to install, upgrade and remove to get as much of the system " "to the newest release. In some situations it may be desired to use dist-" "upgrade rather than spend the time manually resolving dependencies in " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then <prgn>dselect</" -"prgn> can be used to install any packages that may have been left out." +"<command>dselect</command>. Once dist-upgrade has completed then " +"<command>dselect</command> can be used to install any packages that may have " +"been left out." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:152 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><variablelist><varlistentry><listitem><para> +#: guide.dbk:180 msgid "" "It is important to closely look at what dist-upgrade is going to do, its " "decisions may sometimes be quite surprising." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:163 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:187 msgid "" -"<prgn>apt-get</prgn> has several command line options that are detailed in " -"its man page, <manref name=\"apt-get\" section=\"8\">. The most useful " -"option is <tt>-d</tt> which does not install the fetched files. If the " -"system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired to " -"start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <tt>-d</tt> is used " -"the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running the command that " -"caused them to be downloaded again without <tt>-d</tt>." +"<command>apt-get</command> has several command line options that are " +"detailed in its man page, <citerefentry><refentrytitle>apt-get</" +"refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>. The most useful " +"option is <literal>-d</literal> which does not install the fetched files. If " +"the system has to download a large number of package it would be undesired " +"to start installing them in case something goes wrong. When <literal>-d</" +"literal> is used the downloaded archives can be installed by simply running " +"the command that caused them to be downloaded again without <literal>-d</" +"literal>." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:168 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:199 msgid "DSelect" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:173 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:201 msgid "" -"The APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method provides the complete APT system with " -"the <prgn>dselect</prgn> package selection GUI. <prgn>dselect</prgn> is used " -"to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT actually installs " -"them." +"The APT <command>dselect</command> method provides the complete APT system " +"with the <command>dselect</command> package selection GUI. <command>dselect</" +"command> is used to select the packages to be installed or removed and APT " +"actually installs them." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:184 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:207 msgid "" -"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " -"<em>Sources</em> which are places to fetch archives from. These can be " -"remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source can " -"provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " +"To enable the APT method you need to select [A]ccess in <command>dselect</" +"command> and then choose the APT method. You will be prompted for a set of " +"<emphasis>Sources</emphasis> which are places to fetch archives from. These " +"can be remote Internet sites, local Debian mirrors or CD-ROMs. Each source " +"can provide a fragment of the total Debian archive, APT will automatically " "combine them to form a complete set of packages. If you have a CD-ROM then " "it is a good idea to specify it first and then specify a mirror so that you " "have access to the latest bug fixes. APT will automatically use packages on " "your CD-ROM before downloading from the Internet." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:198 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:218 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Set up a list of distribution source locations\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " Please give the base URL of the debian distribution.\n" " The access schemes I know about are: http file\n" -"\t \n" +"\n" " For example:\n" " file:/mnt/debian,\n" " ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian,\n" " http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian,\n" -" \n" -" \n" -" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:" +"\n" +"\n" +" URL [http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian]:\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:232 msgid "" -"The <em>Sources</em> setup starts by asking for the base of the Debian " -"archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the distribution to " -"get." +"The <emphasis>Sources</emphasis> setup starts by asking for the base of the " +"Debian archive, defaulting to a HTTP mirror. Next it asks for the " +"distribution to get." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:212 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:237 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the distribution tag to get or a path to the\n" " package file ending in a /. The distribution\n" " tags are typically something like: stable unstable testing non-US\n" -" \n" -" Distribution [stable]:" +"\n" +" Distribution [stable]:\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:222 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:244 msgid "" -"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, <em>stable</" -"em> refers to the latest released version and <em>unstable</em> refers to " -"the developmental version. <em>non-US</em> is only available on some mirrors " -"and refers to packages that contain encryption technology or other things " -"that cannot be exported from the United States. Importing these packages " -"into the US is legal however." +"The distribution refers to the Debian version in the archive, " +"<emphasis>stable</emphasis> refers to the latest released version and " +"<emphasis>unstable</emphasis> refers to the developmental version. " +"<emphasis>non-US</emphasis> is only available on some mirrors and refers to " +"packages that contain encryption technology or other things that cannot be " +"exported from the United States. Importing these packages into the US is " +"legal however." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><screen> +#: guide.dbk:253 #, no-wrap msgid "" " Please give the components to get\n" " The components are typically something like: main contrib non-free\n" -" \n" -" Components [main contrib non-free]:" +"\n" +" Components [main contrib non-free]:\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:236 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:259 msgid "" "The components list refers to the list of sub distributions to fetch. The " "distribution is split up based on software licenses, main being DFSG free " @@ -6750,25 +6775,25 @@ msgid "" "restrictions placed on their use and distribution." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:240 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:265 msgid "" "Any number of sources can be added, the setup script will continue to prompt " "until you have specified all that you want." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:247 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:269 msgid "" -"Before starting to use <prgn>dselect</prgn> it is necessary to update the " -"available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset of " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> that makes the fetched information available to " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn>. [U]pdate must be performed even if <tt>apt-get update</" -"tt> has been run before." +"Before starting to use <command>dselect</command> it is necessary to update " +"the available list by selecting [U]pdate from the menu. This is a superset " +"of <literal>apt-get update</literal> that makes the fetched information " +"available to <command>dselect</command>. [U]pdate must be performed even if " +"<literal>apt-get update</literal> has been run before." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:253 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:276 msgid "" "You can then go on and make your selections using [S]elect and then perform " "the installation using [I]nstall. When using the APT method the [C]onfig and " @@ -6776,57 +6801,63 @@ msgid "" "them together." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:258 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:282 msgid "" "By default APT will automatically remove the package (.deb) files once they " -"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place <tt>Dselect::" -"clean \"prompt\";</tt> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." +"have been successfully installed. To change this behavior place " +"<literal>Dselect::clean \"prompt\";</literal> in /etc/apt/apt.conf." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:264 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: guide.dbk:288 msgid "The Interface" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:278 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:292 +msgid "" +"The <command>dselect</command> method actually is a set of wrapper scripts " +"to <command>apt-get</command>. The method actually provides more " +"functionality than is present in <command>apt-get</command> alone." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> +#: guide.dbk:290 msgid "" -"Both that APT <prgn>dselect</prgn> method and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> share the " -"same interface. It is a simple system that generally tells you what it will " -"do and then goes and does it. <footnote><p>The <prgn>dselect</prgn> method " -"actually is a set of wrapper scripts to <prgn>apt-get</prgn>. The method " -"actually provides more functionality than is present in <prgn>apt-get</prgn> " -"alone.</p></footnote> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " +"Both that APT <command>dselect</command> method and <command>apt-get</" +"command> share the same interface. It is a simple system that generally " +"tells you what it will do and then goes and does it. <placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> After printing out a summary of what will happen APT " "then will print out some informative status messages so that you can " "estimate how far along it is and how much is left to do." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:280 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:301 msgid "Startup" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:284 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:303 msgid "" "Before all operations except update, APT performs a number of actions to " "prepare its internal state. It also does some checks of the system's state. " -"At any time these operations can be performed by running <tt>apt-get check</" -"tt>." +"At any time these operations can be performed by running <literal>apt-get " +"check</literal>." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:289 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:309 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" "Reading Package Lists... Done\n" -"Building Dependency Tree... Done" +"Building Dependency Tree... Done\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:297 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:314 msgid "" "The first thing it does is read all the package files into memory. APT uses " "a caching scheme so this operation will be faster the second time it is run. " @@ -6834,17 +6865,17 @@ msgid "" "warning will be printed when apt-get exits." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:303 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:320 msgid "" "The final operation performs a detailed analysis of the system's " "dependencies. It checks every dependency of every installed or unpacked " "package and considers if it is OK. Should this find a problem then a report " -"will be printed out and <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will refuse to run." +"will be printed out and <command>apt-get</command> will refuse to run." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:320 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:326 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get check\n" @@ -6854,18 +6885,18 @@ msgid "" "Sorry, but the following packages have unmet dependencies:\n" " 9fonts: Depends: xlib6g but it is not installed\n" " uucp: Depends: mailx but it is not installed\n" -" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" blast: Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" " adduser: Depends: perl-base but it is not installed\n" " aumix: Depends: libgpmg1 but it is not installed\n" " debiandoc-sgml: Depends: sgml-base but it is not installed\n" -" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" +" bash-builtins: Depends: bash (>= 2.01) but 2.0-3 is installed\n" " cthugha: Depends: svgalibg1 but it is not installed\n" -" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" -" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)" +" Depends: xlib6g (>= 3.3-5) but it is not installed\n" +" libreadlineg2: Conflicts:libreadline2 (<< 2.1-2.1)\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:329 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:343 msgid "" "In this example the system has many problems, including a serious problem " "with libreadlineg2. For each package that has unmet dependencies a line is " @@ -6874,61 +6905,69 @@ msgid "" "problem is also included." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:337 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para><footnote><para> +#: guide.dbk:352 +msgid "" +"APT however considers all known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken " +"packages" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:350 msgid "" "There are two ways a system can get into a broken state like this. The first " -"is caused by <prgn>dpkg</prgn> missing some subtle relationships between " -"packages when performing upgrades. <footnote><p>APT however considers all " -"known dependencies and attempts to prevent broken packages</p></footnote>. " -"The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. In this " -"situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents being " -"installed." +"is caused by <command>dpkg</command> missing some subtle relationships " +"between packages when performing upgrades. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>. The second is if a package installation fails during an operation. " +"In this situation a package may have been unpacked without its dependents " +"being installed." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:345 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:359 msgid "" "The second situation is much less serious than the first because APT places " "certain constraints on the order that packages are installed. In both cases " -"supplying the <tt>-f</tt> option to <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will cause APT to " -"deduce a possible solution to the problem and then continue on. The APT " -"<prgn>dselect</prgn> method always supplies the <tt>-f</tt> option to allow " -"for easy continuation of failed maintainer scripts." +"supplying the <literal>-f</literal> option to <command>apt-get</command> " +"will cause APT to deduce a possible solution to the problem and then " +"continue on. The APT <command>dselect</command> method always supplies the " +"<literal>-f</literal> option to allow for easy continuation of failed " +"maintainer scripts." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:351 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:368 msgid "" -"However, if the <tt>-f</tt> option is used to correct a seriously broken " -"system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will either fail " -"immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either case it is " -"necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to correct " -"the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." +"However, if the <literal>-f</literal> option is used to correct a seriously " +"broken system caused by the first case then it is possible that it will " +"either fail immediately or the installation sequence will fail. In either " +"case it is necessary to manually use dpkg (possibly with forcing options) to " +"correct the situation enough to allow APT to proceed." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:356 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:376 msgid "The Status Report" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:363 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:378 msgid "" -"Before proceeding <prgn>apt-get</prgn> will present a report on what will " -"happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being performed " -"but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists reflect the " -"final state of things, taking into account the <tt>-f</tt> option and any " -"other relevant activities to the command being executed." +"Before proceeding <command>apt-get</command> will present a report on what " +"will happen. Generally the report reflects the type of operation being " +"performed but there are several common elements. In all cases the lists " +"reflect the final state of things, taking into account the <literal>-f</" +"literal> option and any other relevant activities to the command being " +"executed." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:364 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:385 msgid "The Extra Package list" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:372 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:387 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following extra packages will be installed:\n" @@ -6936,135 +6975,135 @@ msgid "" " mailpgp xdpkg fileutils pinepgp zlib1g xlib6g perl-base\n" " bin86 libgdbm1 libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 bcc xbuffy\n" " squake pgp-i python-base debmake ldso perl libreadlineg2\n" -" ssh" +" ssh\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:379 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:395 msgid "" "The Extra Package list shows all of the packages that will be installed or " "upgraded in excess of the ones mentioned on the command line. It is only " -"generated for an <tt>install</tt> command. The listed packages are often the " -"result of an Auto Install." +"generated for an <literal>install</literal> command. The listed packages are " +"often the result of an Auto Install." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:382 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:402 msgid "The Packages to Remove" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:389 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:404 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages will be REMOVED:\n" " xlib6-dev xpat2 tk40-dev xkeycaps xbattle xonix\n" " xdaliclock tk40 tk41 xforms0.86 ghostview xloadimage xcolorsel\n" " xadmin xboard perl-debug tkined xtetris libreadline2-dev perl-suid\n" -" nas xpilot xfig" +" nas xpilot xfig\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:399 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:411 msgid "" "The Packages to Remove list shows all of the packages that will be removed " "from the system. It can be shown for any of the operations and should be " "given a careful inspection to ensure nothing important is to be taken off. " -"The <tt>-f</tt> option is especially good at generating packages to remove " -"so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain packages " -"that are going to be removed because they are only partially installed, " -"possibly due to an aborted installation." +"The <literal>-f</literal> option is especially good at generating packages " +"to remove so extreme care should be used in that case. The list may contain " +"packages that are going to be removed because they are only partially " +"installed, possibly due to an aborted installation." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:402 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:421 msgid "The New Packages list" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:406 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:423 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following NEW packages will installed:\n" -" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base" +" zlib1g xlib6g perl-base libgdbmg1 quake-lib gmp2 pgp-i python-base\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:411 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:427 msgid "" "The New Packages list is simply a reminder of what will happen. The packages " "listed are not presently installed in the system but will be when APT is " "done." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:414 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:432 msgid "The Kept Back list" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:419 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:434 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following packages have been kept back\n" " compface man-db tetex-base msql libpaper svgalib1\n" -" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver" +" gs snmp arena lynx xpat2 groff xscreensaver\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:428 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:439 msgid "" "Whenever the whole system is being upgraded there is the possibility that " "new versions of packages cannot be installed because they require new things " "or conflict with already installed things. In this case the package will " "appear in the Kept Back list. The best way to convince packages listed there " -"to install is with <tt>apt-get install</tt> or by using <prgn>dselect</prgn> " -"to resolve their problems." +"to install is with <literal>apt-get install</literal> or by using " +"<command>dselect</command> to resolve their problems." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:431 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:448 msgid "Held Packages warning" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:435 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:450 #, no-wrap msgid "" "The following held packages will be changed:\n" -" cvs" +" cvs\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:441 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:454 msgid "" "Sometimes you can ask APT to install a package that is on hold, in such a " "case it prints out a warning that the held package is going to be changed. " "This should only happen during dist-upgrade or install." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:444 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:460 msgid "Final summary" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:447 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:462 msgid "" "Finally, APT will print out a summary of all the changes that will occur." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:452 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:465 #, no-wrap msgid "" "206 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 23 to remove and 51 not upgraded.\n" "12 packages not fully installed or removed.\n" -"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used." +"Need to get 65.7M/66.7M of archives. After unpacking 26.5M will be used.\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:470 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:470 msgid "" "The first line of the summary simply is a reduced version of all of the " "lists and includes the number of upgrades - that is packages already " @@ -7081,27 +7120,27 @@ msgid "" "the amount of space that will be freed." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:473 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:484 msgid "" "Some other reports can be generated by using the -u option to show packages " "to upgrade, they are similar to the previous examples." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:477 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:491 msgid "The Status Display" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:481 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:493 msgid "" "During the download of archives and package files APT prints out a series of " "status messages." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: guide.sgml:490 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: guide.dbk:497 #, no-wrap msgid "" "# apt-get update\n" @@ -7110,110 +7149,107 @@ msgid "" "Hit http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/main Packages\n" "Get:4 http://ftp.de.debian.org/debian-non-US/ unstable/binary-i386/ Packages\n" "Get:5 http://llug.sep.bnl.gov/debian/ testing/non-free Packages\n" -"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s" +"11% [5 testing/non-free `Waiting for file' 0/32.1k 0%] 2203b/s 1m52s\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:500 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:506 msgid "" -"The lines starting with <em>Get</em> are printed out when APT begins to " -"fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the download. The " -"first percent value on the progress line indicates the total percent done of " -"all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files is unknown " -"<tt>apt-get update</tt> estimates the percent done which causes some " -"inaccuracies." +"The lines starting with <emphasis>Get</emphasis> are printed out when APT " +"begins to fetch a file while the last line indicates the progress of the " +"download. The first percent value on the progress line indicates the total " +"percent done of all files. Unfortunately since the size of the Package files " +"is unknown <literal>apt-get update</literal> estimates the percent done " +"which causes some inaccuracies." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:509 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:514 msgid "" "The next section of the status line is repeated once for each download " "thread and indicates the operation being performed and some useful " "information about what is happening. Sometimes this section will simply read " -"<em>Forking</em> which means the OS is loading the download module. The " -"first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the history lines. " -"The next word is the short form name of the object being downloaded. For " -"archives it will contain the name of the package that is being fetched." +"<emphasis>Forking</emphasis> which means the OS is loading the download " +"module. The first word after the [ is the fetch number as shown on the " +"history lines. The next word is the short form name of the object being " +"downloaded. For archives it will contain the name of the package that is " +"being fetched." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:524 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:524 msgid "" "Inside of the single quote is an informative string indicating the progress " "of the negotiation phase of the download. Typically it progresses from " -"<em>Connecting</em> to <em>Waiting for file</em> to <em>Downloading</em> or " -"<em>Resuming</em>. The final value is the number of bytes downloaded from " -"the remote site. Once the download begins this is represented as " -"<tt>102/10.2k</tt> indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 " -"kilobytes is expected. The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation " -"to preserve space. After the size display is a percent meter for the file " -"itself. The second last element is the instantaneous average speed. This " -"values is updated every 5 seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for " -"that period. Finally is shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated " -"regularly and reflects the time to complete everything at the shown transfer " -"rate." -msgstr "" - -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:530 +"<emphasis>Connecting</emphasis> to <emphasis>Waiting for file</emphasis> to " +"<emphasis>Downloading</emphasis> or <emphasis>Resuming</emphasis>. The final " +"value is the number of bytes downloaded from the remote site. Once the " +"download begins this is represented as <literal>102/10.2k</literal> " +"indicating that 102 bytes have been fetched and 10.2 kilobytes is expected. " +"The total size is always shown in 4 figure notation to preserve space. After " +"the size display is a percent meter for the file itself. The second last " +"element is the instantaneous average speed. This values is updated every 5 " +"seconds and reflects the rate of data transfer for that period. Finally is " +"shown the estimated transfer time. This is updated regularly and reflects " +"the time to complete everything at the shown transfer rate." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:539 msgid "" "The status display updates every half second to provide a constant feedback " "on the download progress while the Get lines scroll back whenever a new file " "is started. Since the status display is constantly updated it is unsuitable " -"for logging to a file, use the <tt>-q</tt> option to remove the status " -"display." +"for logging to a file, use the <literal>-q</literal> option to remove the " +"status display." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: guide.sgml:535 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: guide.dbk:547 msgid "Dpkg" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: guide.sgml:542 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: guide.dbk:549 msgid "" -"APT uses <prgn>dpkg</prgn> for installing the archives and will switch over " -"to the <prgn>dpkg</prgn> interface once downloading is completed. " -"<prgn>dpkg</prgn> will also ask a number of questions as it processes the " -"packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. Before " -"each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and the " -"questions are too varied to discuss completely here." +"APT uses <command>dpkg</command> for installing the archives and will switch " +"over to the <command>dpkg</command> interface once downloading is completed. " +"<command>dpkg</command> will also ask a number of questions as it processes " +"the packages and the packages themselves may also ask several questions. " +"Before each question there is usually a description of what it is asking and " +"the questions are too varied to discuss completely here." msgstr "" -#. type: <title></title> -#: offline.sgml:4 +#. type: Content of: <book><title> +#: offline.dbk:10 msgid "Using APT Offline" msgstr "" -#. type: <version></version> -#: offline.sgml:7 -msgid "$Id: offline.sgml,v 1.8 2003/02/12 15:06:41 doogie Exp $" -msgstr "" - -#. type: <abstract></abstract> -#: offline.sgml:12 +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><abstract><para> +#: offline.dbk:24 msgid "" "This document describes how to use APT in a non-networked environment, " "specifically a 'sneaker-net' approach for performing upgrades." msgstr "" -#. type: <copyrightsummary></copyrightsummary> -#: offline.sgml:16 -msgid "Copyright © Jason Gunthorpe, 1999." +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo> +#: offline.dbk:29 +msgid "" +"<copyright><year>1999</year><holder>Jason Gunthorpe</holder></copyright>" msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:32 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:47 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:34 offline.sgml:65 offline.sgml:180 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:49 offline.dbk:79 offline.dbk:191 msgid "Overview" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:40 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:51 msgid "" "Normally APT requires direct access to a Debian archive, either from a local " "media or through a network. Another common complaint is that a Debian " @@ -7221,8 +7257,8 @@ msgid "" "fast connection but they are physically distant." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:51 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:57 msgid "" "The solution to this is to use large removable media such as a Zip disc or a " "SuperDisk disc. These discs are not large enough to store the entire Debian " @@ -7230,13 +7266,13 @@ msgid "" "to use APT to generate a list of packages that are required and then fetch " "them onto the disc using another machine with good connectivity. It is even " "possible to use another Debian machine with APT or to use a completely " -"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <em>remote host</em> mean " -"the machine downloading the packages, and <em>target host</em> the one with " -"bad or no connection." +"different OS and a download tool like wget. Let <emphasis>remote host</" +"emphasis> mean the machine downloading the packages, and <emphasis>target " +"host</emphasis> the one with bad or no connection." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:57 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:68 msgid "" "This is achieved by creatively manipulating the APT configuration file. The " "essential premise to tell APT to look on a disc for it's archive files. Note " @@ -7244,13 +7280,13 @@ msgid "" "names such as ext2, fat32 or vfat." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:63 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:77 msgid "Using APT on both machines" msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:71 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:81 msgid "" "APT being available on both machines gives the simplest configuration. The " "basic idea is to place a copy of the status file on the disc and use the " @@ -7258,8 +7294,8 @@ msgid "" "to download. The disk directory structure should look like:" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:80 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:87 #, no-wrap msgid "" " /disc/\n" @@ -7269,34 +7305,35 @@ msgid "" " partial/\n" " status\n" " sources.list\n" -" apt.conf" +" apt.conf\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:88 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:98 msgid "The configuration file" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:96 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:100 msgid "" "The configuration file should tell APT to store its files on the disc and to " "use the configuration files on the disc as well. The sources.list should " "contain the proper sites that you wish to use from the remote machine, and " -"the status file should be a copy of <em>/var/lib/dpkg/status</em> from the " -"<em>target host</em>. Please note, if you are using a local archive you must " -"use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to file URIs." +"the status file should be a copy of <emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</" +"emphasis> from the <emphasis>target host</emphasis>. Please note, if you are " +"using a local archive you must use copy URIs, the syntax is identical to " +"file URIs." msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:100 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:108 msgid "" -"<em>apt.conf</em> must contain the necessary information to make APT use the " -"disc:" +"<emphasis>apt.conf</emphasis> must contain the necessary information to make " +"APT use the disc:" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:124 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:112 #, no-wrap msgid "" " APT\n" @@ -7304,10 +7341,10 @@ msgid "" " /* This is not necessary if the two machines are the same arch, it tells\n" " the remote APT what architecture the target machine is */\n" " Architecture \"i386\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Get::Download-Only \"true\";\n" " };\n" -" \n" +"\n" " Dir\n" " {\n" " /* Use the disc for state information and redirect the status file from\n" @@ -7318,76 +7355,78 @@ msgid "" " // Binary caches will be stored locally\n" " Cache::archives \"/disc/archives/\";\n" " Cache \"/tmp/\";\n" -" \n" +"\n" " // Location of the source list.\n" " Etc \"/disc/\";\n" -" };" +" };\n" msgstr "" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:129 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:137 msgid "" "More details can be seen by examining the apt.conf man page and the sample " -"configuration file in <em>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</em>." +"configuration file in <emphasis>/usr/share/doc/apt/examples/apt.conf</" +"emphasis>." msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:136 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:142 msgid "" -"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy <em>/" -"var/lib/dpkg/status</em> to it. You will also need to create the directories " -"outlined in the Overview, <em>archives/partial/</em> and <em>lists/partial/</" -"em>. Then take the disc to the remote machine and configure the sources." -"list. On the remote machine execute the following:" +"On the target machine the first thing to do is mount the disc and copy " +"<emphasis>/var/lib/dpkg/status</emphasis> to it. You will also need to " +"create the directories outlined in the Overview, <emphasis>archives/partial/" +"</emphasis> and <emphasis>lists/partial/</emphasis>. Then take the disc to " +"the remote machine and configure the sources.list. On the remote machine " +"execute the following:" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:142 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:151 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get update\n" " [ APT fetches the package files ]\n" " # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" -" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]" +" [ APT fetches all the packages needed to upgrade the target machine ]\n" msgstr "" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:149 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:158 msgid "" "The dist-upgrade command can be replaced with any other standard APT " "commands, particularly dselect-upgrade. You can even use an APT front end " -"such as <em>dselect</em>. However this presents a problem in communicating " -"your selections back to the local computer." +"such as <emphasis>dselect</emphasis>. However this presents a problem in " +"communicating your selections back to the local computer." msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:153 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:164 msgid "" "Now the disc contains all of the index files and archives needed to upgrade " "the target machine. Take the disc back and run:" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:159 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:168 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # export APT_CONFIG=\"/disc/apt.conf\"\n" " # apt-get check\n" " [ APT generates a local copy of the cache files ]\n" " # apt-get --no-d -o dir::state::status=/var/lib/dpkg/status dist-upgrade\n" -" [ Or any other APT command ]" +" [ Or any other APT command ]\n" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:165 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:175 msgid "" "It is necessary for proper function to re-specify the status file to be the " "local one. This is very important!" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:172 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:179 msgid "" "If you are using dselect you can do the very risky operation of copying disc/" "status to /var/lib/dpkg/status so that any selections you made on the remote " @@ -7396,21 +7435,21 @@ msgid "" "status file if dpkg or APT have been run in the mean time!!" msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:178 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> +#: offline.dbk:189 msgid "Using APT and wget" msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:185 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:193 msgid "" -"<em>wget</em> is a popular and portable download tool that can run on nearly " -"any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the Debian machine " -"already has a list of available packages." +"<emphasis>wget</emphasis> is a popular and portable download tool that can " +"run on nearly any machine. Unlike the method above this requires that the " +"Debian machine already has a list of available packages." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:190 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:198 msgid "" "The basic idea is to create a disc that has only the archive files " "downloaded from the remote site. This is done by using the --print-uris " @@ -7418,38 +7457,38 @@ msgid "" "packages." msgstr "" -#. type: <heading></heading> -#: offline.sgml:196 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><title> +#: offline.dbk:204 #, fuzzy msgid "Operation" msgstr "Descrição" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:200 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:206 msgid "" "Unlike the previous technique no special configuration files are required. " "We merely use the standard APT commands to generate the file list." msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:205 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:210 #, no-wrap msgid "" -" # apt-get dist-upgrade \n" +" # apt-get dist-upgrade\n" " [ Press no when prompted, make sure you are happy with the actions ]\n" -" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" -" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script" +" # apt-get -qq --print-uris dist-upgrade > uris\n" +" # awk '{print \"wget -O \" $2 \" \" $1}' < uris > /disc/wget-script\n" msgstr "" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:210 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:216 msgid "" "Any command other than dist-upgrade could be used here, including dselect-" "upgrade." msgstr "" -#. type: <p></p> -#: offline.sgml:216 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:220 msgid "" "The /disc/wget-script file will now contain a list of wget commands to " "execute in order to fetch the necessary archives. This script should be run " @@ -7457,35 +7496,35 @@ msgid "" "output on the disc." msgstr "" -#. type: <p><example> -#: offline.sgml:219 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:226 msgid "The remote machine would do something like" msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:223 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:229 #, no-wrap msgid "" " # cd /disc\n" " # sh -x ./wget-script\n" -" [ wait.. ]" +" [ wait.. ]\n" msgstr "" -#. type: </example><example> -#: offline.sgml:228 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:234 msgid "" "Once the archives are downloaded and the disc returned to the Debian machine " "installation can proceed using," msgstr "" -#. type: <example></example> -#: offline.sgml:230 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><screen> +#: offline.dbk:238 #, no-wrap -msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade" +msgid " # apt-get -o dir::cache::archives=\"/disc/\" dist-upgrade\n" msgstr "" -#. type: </example></p> -#: offline.sgml:234 +#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><para> +#: offline.dbk:241 msgid "Which will use the already fetched archives on the disc." msgstr "" diff --git a/doc/po4a.conf b/doc/po4a.conf index 3f92c198a..636cac9b9 100644 --- a/doc/po4a.conf +++ b/doc/po4a.conf @@ -27,18 +27,18 @@ [type: manpage] apt-sortpkgs.1.xml $lang:$lang/apt-sortpkgs.$lang.1.xml add_$lang:xml.add [type: manpage] apt-ftparchive.1.xml $lang:$lang/apt-ftparchive.$lang.1.xml add_$lang:xml.add -[type: sgml] guide.sgml $lang:$lang/guide.$lang.sgml -# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/debiandoc_$lang.add -[type: sgml] offline.sgml $lang:$lang/offline.$lang.sgml -# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/debiandoc_$lang.add -#[type: sgml] cache.sgml $lang:$lang/cache.$lang.sgml \ -# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/debiandoc_$lang.add -#[type: sgml] design.sgml $lang:$lang/design.$lang.sgml\ -# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/debiandoc_$lang.add -#[type: sgml] dpkg-tech.sgml $lang:$lang/dpkg-tech.$lang.sgml\ -# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/debiandoc_$lang.add -#[type: sgml] files.sgml $lang:$lang/files.$lang.sgml\ -# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/debiandoc_$lang.add -#[type: sgml] method.sgml $lang:$lang/method.$lang.sgml\ -# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/debiandoc_$lang.add +[type: docbook] guide.dbk $lang:$lang/guide.$lang.dbk +# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/docbook_$lang.add +[type: docbook] offline.dbk $lang:$lang/offline.$lang.dbk +# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/docbook_$lang.add +#[type: docbook] cache.dbk $lang:$lang/cache.$lang.dbk \ +# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/docbook_$lang.add +#[type: docbook] design.dbk $lang:$lang/design.$lang.dbk\ +# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/docbook_$lang.add +#[type: docbook] dpkg-tech.dbk $lang:$lang/dpkg-tech.$lang.dbk\ +# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/docbook_$lang.add +#[type: docbook] files.dbk $lang:$lang/files.$lang.dbk\ +# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/docbook_$lang.add +#[type: docbook] method.dbk $lang:$lang/method.$lang.dbk\ +# add_$lang::$lang/addendum/docbook_$lang.add |