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APT can be forced to deal with repositories which have no security
features whatsoever, so just giving up on repositories which "just" fail
our current criteria of good security features is the wrong incentive.
Of course, repositories are better of fixing their setup to provide the
minimum of security features, but sometimes this isn't possible:
Historic repositories for example which do not change (anymore).
That also fixes problem with repositories which are marked as trusted,
but are providing only weak security features which would fail the
parsing of the Release file.
Closes: 827364
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Merging by URI means that having sources lines with different URI
methods results in 'strange' warning and error messages, which aren't
very friendly from a user point of view as not encoding the method in
the filename is effectivly an implementation detail.
Merging by filename removes these messages and makes everything "work"
even if it isn't working the way it is configured as the indexes aren't
acquired over the method given, but over the first method for this
release file (which argueably is an implementation detail stemming from
the filename encoding, too).
So either direction isn't perfectly "right", but personally I prefer
"magic" over strange error messages (and doing a full-circle detection
of this with its own messages which would need to be translated feels
like way too much effort for dubious gain).
Closes: 826944
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This fixes comparisons where either the stored or the input string
have a trailing comma.
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This hopefully makes debugging things easier.
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This prevented some sources.list entries from working, an example
of which can be found in the test.
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A frontend like apt-file is only interested in a specific set of files
and selects those easily via "Created-By". If it supports two locations
for those files through it would need to select both and a user would
need to know that implementation detail for sources.list configuration.
The "Identifier" field is hence introduced which by default has the same
value as "Created-By", but can be freely configured – especially it can
be used to give two indexes the same identifier.
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Sometimes index files are in different locations in a repository as it
is currently the case for Contents files which are per-component in
Debian, but aren't in Ubuntu. This has historic reasons and is perhaps
changed soon, but such cases of transitions can always happen in the
future again, so we should prepare:
Introduced is a new field declaring that the current item should only be
downloaded if the mentioned item wasn't allowing for transitions without
a flagday in clients and archives.
This isn't implemented 'simpler' with multiple MetaKeys as items (could)
change their descriptions and perhaps also other configuration bits with
their location.
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It looks a bit strange on the outside to have multiple "native
architecture", but all is considered an implementation detail and e.g.
packages of arch:all are in dependency resolution equal to native
packages.
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We don't have to initialize the Release files with a set of IndexTargets
to acquire, but instead wait for the Release file to be acquired and
only then ask which IndexTargets to get.
Git-Dch: Ignore
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Users have the option since apt >= 1.1 to enforce that a Release file is
signed with specific key(s) either via keyring filename or fingerprints.
This commit adds an entry with the same name and value (except that it
doesn't accept filenames for obvious reasons) to the Release file so
that the repository owner can set a default value for this setting
effecting the *next* Release file, not the current one, which provides a
functionality similar "HTTP Public Key Pinning". The pinning is in
effect as long as the (then old) Release file is considered valid, but
it is also ignored if the Release file has no Valid-Until at all.
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A keyring file can include multiple keys, so its only fair for
transitions and such to support multiple fingerprints as well.
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The Date field in the Release file is useful to avoid allowing an
attacker to 'downgrade' a user to earlier Release files (and hence to
older states of the archieve with open security bugs). It is also needed
to allow a user to define min/max values for the validation of a Release
file (with or without the Release file providing a Valid-Until field).
APT wasn't formally requiring this field before through and (agrueable
not binding and still incomplete) online documentation declares it
optional (until now), so we downgrade the error to a warning for now to
give repository creators a bit more time to adapt – the bigger ones
should have a Date field for years already, so the effected group should
be small in any case.
It should be noted that earlier apt versions had this as an error
already, but only showed it if a Valid-Until field was present (or the
user tried to used the configuration items for min/max valid-until).
Closes: 809329
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Downloading and storing are two different operations were different
compression types can be preferred. For downloading we provide the
choice via Acquire::CompressionTypes::Order as there is a choice to
be made between download size and speed – and limited by whats available
in the repository.
Storage on the other hand has all compressions currently supported by
apt available and to reduce runtime of tools accessing these files the
compression type should be a low-cost format in terms of decompression.
apt traditionally stores its indexes uncompressed on disk, but has
options to keep them compressed. Now that apt downloads additional files
we also deal with files which simply can't be stored uncompressed as
they are just too big (like Contents for apt-file). Traditionally they
are downloaded in a low-cost format (gz) as repositories do not provide
other formats, but there might be even lower-cost formats and for
download we could introduce higher-cost in the repositories.
Downloading an entire index potentially requires recompression to
another format, so an update takes potentially longer – but big files
are usually updated via pdiffs which has to de- and re-compress anyhow
and does it on the fly anyhow, so there is no extra time needed and in
general it seems to be benefitial to invest the time in update to save
time later on file access.
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Debian has a Packages file for arch:all already, but the arch:any files
contain arch:all packages as well, so downloading it would be a total
waste of resources. Getting this solved is on the list of things to do,
but it is also the hardest part – for index targets like Contents the
situation is much easier and less server/client implementations are
involved so we might not want to stall them.
A repository can now declare via:
No-Support-for-Architecture-all: Packages
that even if an arch:all Packages exists, it shouldn't be downloaded, so
that support for Contents files can be added now.
See also 1dd20368486820efb6ef4476ad739e967174bec4 for the implementation
of downloading arch:all index targets, which this is limiting.
The field uses the name of the target from the apt configuration for
simplicity and is negative by design as this field is intended to be
supported/needed only for a "short" time (one or two Debian releases).
While this commit theoretically supports any target, its expected to
only see "Packages" as a value in reality.
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If we can't work with the hashes we parsed from the Release file we
display now an error message if the Release file includes only weak
hashes instead of downloading the indexes and failing to verify them
with "Hash Sum mismatch" even through the hashes didn't mismatch (they
were just weak).
If for some (unlikely) reason we have got weak hashes only for
individual targets we will show a warning to this effect (again, befor
downloading and failing the index itself).
Closes: 806459
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Reference mail:
https://lists.debian.org/debian-l10n-english/2015/11/msg00006.html
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Based on a discussion with Niels Thykier who asked for Contents-all this
implements apt trying for all architecture dependent files to get a file
for the architecture all, which is treated internally now as an official
architecture which is always around (like native). This way arch:all
data can be shared instead of duplicated for each architecture requiring
the user to download the same information again and again.
There is one problem however: In Debian there is already a binary-all/
Packages file, but the binary-any files still include arch:all packages,
so that downloading this file now would be a waste of time, bandwidth
and diskspace. We therefore need a way to decide if it makes sense to
download the all file for Packages in Debian or not. The obvious answer
would be a special flag in the Release file indicating this, which would
need to default to 'no' and every reasonable repository would override
it to 'yes' in a few years time, but the flag would be there "forever".
Looking closer at a Release file we see the field "Architectures", which
doesn't include 'all' at the moment. With the idea outlined above that
'all' is a "proper" architecture now, we interpret this field as being
authoritative in declaring which architectures are supported by this
repository. If it says 'all', apt will try to get all, if not it will be
skipped. This gives us another interesting feature: If I configure a
source to download armel and mips, but it declares it supports only
armel apt will now print a notice saying as much. Previously this was a
very cryptic failure. If on the other hand the repository supports mips,
too, but for some reason doesn't ship mips packages at the moment, this
'missing' file is silently ignored (= that is the same as the repository
including an empty file).
The Architectures field isn't mandatory through, so if it isn't there,
we assume that every architecture is supported by this repository, which
skips the arch:all if not listed in the release file.
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This changes the semantics of the option (which is renamed too) to be a
yes/no value with the special additional value "force" as this allows
by-hash to be disabled even if the repository indicates it would be
supported and is more in line with our other yes/no options like pdiff
which disable themselves if no support can be detected.
The feature wasn't documented so far and hasn't reached a (un)stable
release yet, so changing it without trying too hard to keep
compatibility seems okay.
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Our error reporting is historically grown into some kind of mess.
A while ago I implemented stacking for the global error which is used in
this commit now to wrap calls to functions which do not report (all)
errors via return, so that only failures in those calls cause a failure
to propergate down the chain rather than failing if anything
(potentially totally unrelated) has failed at some point in the past.
This way we can avoid stopping the entire acquire process just because a
single source produced an error for example. It also means that after
the acquire process the cache is generated – even if the acquire
process had failures – as we still have the old good data around we can and
should generate a cache for (again).
There are probably more instances of this hiding, but all these looked
like the easiest to work with and fix with reasonable (aka net-positive)
effects.
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Multiple targets downloading the same file is bad™ as it leads us to all
sorts of problems like the acquire system breaking or simply a problem
of which settings to use for them. Beside that this is most likely a
mistake and silently ignoring it doesn't help the user realizing his
mistake…
On the other hand, we have 'duplicates' which are 'created' by how we
create indextargets, so we have to prevent those from being created to
but do not emit a warning for them as this is an implementation detail.
And then, there is the absolute and most likely user mistake: Having the
same target(s) activated in multiple entries.
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Some targets like Contents-udeb are special-needs targets. Shipping the
configuration snippet for them is okay, but they shouldn't be downloaded
by default. Forcing the user to enable targets by uncommenting targets
is wrong and this would still not really solve the problem completely as
even if you want to download some -udebs it will probably not be for all
sources you have enabled, so having the possibility of disabling a
target by default, but giving the user the option to enable it on a
per-source entry basis is better.
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Nobody knows what makes the 'unable to optimize loop' warning to appear
in the sourceslist minus-options parsing, especially if we use a foreach
loop, but we can replace it with some nice c++11 algorithm+lambda usage,
which also helps in making even clearer what happens here.
And as this would be a lonely change, lets do it for a few more loops as
well where I might or might not have seen the warning at some point in
time, too.
Git-Dch: Ignore
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Some additional files like 'Contents' are very big and should therefore
kept compressed on the disk, which apt-file did in the past. It also
implemented pdiff patching of these files by un- and recompressing these
files on-the-fly, with this commit we can do the same – but we can do
this in both pdiff patching styles (client and server merging) and
secured by hashes.
Hashes are in so far slightly complicated as we can't compare the hashes
of the compressed files as we might compress them differently than the
server would (different compressor versions, options, …), so we must
compare the hashes of the uncompressed content.
While this commit has changes in public headers, the classes it changes
are marked as hidden, so nobody can use them directly, which means the
ABI break is internal only.
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Disabling pdiffs can be useful occasionally, like if you have a fast
local mirror where the download doesn't matter, but still want to use it
for non-local mirrors. Also, some users might prefer it to only use it
for very big indextargets like Contents.
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While Target{,-Add,-Remove} is available for configuring IndexTargets
already, allow Targets to be mentioned explicitely as yes/no options as
well, so that the Target 'Contents' can be disabled via 'Contents: no'
as well as 'Target-Remove: Contents'.
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Sometimes too much refactoring can have bad effects.
Thanks: Niels Thykier for reporting on IRC
Git-Dch: Ignore
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Sources are usually defined in sources.list (and co) and are pretty
stable, but once in a while a frontend might want to add an additional
"source" like a local .deb file to install this package (No support for
'real' sources being added this way as this is a multistep process).
We had a hack in place to allow apt-get and apt to pull this of for a
short while now, but other frontends are either left in the cold by this
and/or the code for it looks dirty with FIXMEs plastering it and has on
top of this also some problems (like including these 'volatile' sources
in the srcpkgcache.bin file).
So the biggest part in this commit is actually the rewrite of the cache
generation as it is now potentially a three step process. The biggest
problem with adding support now through is that this makes a bunch of
previously mostly unusable by externs and therefore hidden classes
public, so a bit of further tuneing on this now public API is in order…
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'files' is a bit too generic as a name for a command usually only used
programmatically (if at all) by developers, so instead of "wasting" this
generic name for this we use "indextargets" which is actually the name
of the datastructure the displayed data is stored in.
Along with this rename the config options are renamed accordingly.
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C++11 adds the 'override' specifier to mark that a method is overriding
a base class method and error out if not. We hide it in the APT_OVERRIDE
macro to ensure that we keep compiling in pre-c++11 standards.
Reported-By: clang-modernize -add-override -override-macros
Git-Dch: Ignore
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There is an option to keep all targets (Packages, Sources, …) compressed
for a while now, but the all-or-nothing approach is a bit limited for
our purposes with additional targets as some of them are very big
(Contents) and rarely used in comparison, so keeping them compressed by
default can make sense, while others are still unpacked.
Most interesting is the copy-change maybe: Copy is used by the acquire
system as an uncompressor and it is hence expected that it returns the
hashes for the "output", not the input. Now, in the case of keeping a
file compressed, the output is never written to disk, but generated in
memory and we should still validated it, so for compressed files copy is
expected to return the hashes of the uncompressed file. We used to use
the config option to enable on-the-fly decompress in the method, but in
reality copy is never used in a way where it shouldn't decompress a
compressed file to get its hashes, so we can save us the trouble of
sending this information to the method and just do it always.
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Limits which key(s) can be used to sign a repository. Not immensely useful
from a security perspective all by itself, but if the user has
additional measures in place to confine a repository (like pinning) an
attacker who gets the key for such a repository is limited to its
potential and can't use the key to sign its attacks for an other (maybe
less limited) repository… (yes, this is as weak as it sounds, but having
the capability might come in handy for implementing other stuff later).
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These options could be set via configuration before, but the connection
to the actual sources is so strong that they should really be set in the
sources.list instead – especially as this can be done a lot more
specific rather than e.g. disabling Valid-Until for all sources at once.
Valid-Until-* names are chosen instead of the Min/Max-ValidTime as this
seems like a better name and their use in the wild is probably low
enough that this isn't going to confuse anyone if we have to names for
the same thing in different areas.
In the longrun, the config options should be removed, but for now
documentation hinting at the new options is good enough as these are the
kind of options you set once across many systems with different apt
versions, so the new way should work everywhere first before we
deprecate the old way.
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indexRecords was used to parse the Release file – mostly the hashes –
while metaIndex deals with downloading the Release file, storing all
indexes coming from this release and … parsing the Release file, but
this time mostly for the other fields.
That wasn't a problem in metaIndex as this was done in the type specific
subclass, but indexRecords while allowing to override the parsing method
did expect by default a specific format.
APT isn't really supporting different types at the moment, but this is
a violation of the abstraction we have everywhere else and, which is the
actual reason for this merge: Options e.g. coming from the sources.list
come to metaIndex naturally, which needs to wrap them up and bring them
into indexRecords, so the acquire system is told about it as they don't
get to see the metaIndex, but they don't really belong in indexRecords
as this is just for storing data loaded from the Release file… the
result is a complete mess.
I am not saying it is a lot prettier after the merge, but at least
adding new options is now slightly easier and there is just one place
responsible for parsing the Release file. That can't hurt.
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A specific trust state can be enforced via a sources.list option, but it
effects all entries handled by the same Release file, not just the entry
it was given on so we enforce acknowledgement of this by requiring the
same value to be (not) set on all such entries.
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We support arch= for a while, now we finally add lang= as well and as a
first simple way of controlling which targets to acquire also target=.
This asked for a redesign of the internal API of parsing and storing
information about 'deb' and 'deb-src' lines. As this API isn't visible
to the outside no damage done through.
Beside being a nice cleanup (= it actually does more in less lines) it
also provides us with a predictable order of architectures as provides
in the configuration rather than based on string sorting-order, so that
now the native architecture is parsed/displayed first. Observeable e.g.
in apt-get output.
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Various small leaks here and there. Nothing particularily big, but still
good to fix. Found by the sanitizers while running our testcases.
Reported-By: gcc -fsanitize
Git-Dch: Ignore
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Doing this disables the implicit copy assignment operator (among others)
which would cause hovac if used on the classes as it would just copy the
pointer, not the data the d-pointer points to. For most of the classes
we don't need a copy assignment operator anyway and in many classes it
was broken before as many contain a pointer of some sort.
Only for our Cacheset Container interfaces we define an explicit copy
assignment operator which could later be implemented to copy the data
from one d-pointer to the other if we need it.
Git-Dch: Ignore
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Some of them modify the ABI, but given that we prepare a big one
already, these few hardly count for much.
Git-Dch: Ignore
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To have a chance to keep the ABI for a while we need all three to team
up. One of them missing and we might loose, so ensuring that they are
available is a very tedious but needed task once in a while.
Git-Dch: Ignore
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Selecting targets based on the Release they belong to isn't to
unrealistic. In fact, it is assumed to be the most used case so it is
made the default especially as this allows to bundle another thing we
have to be careful with: Filenames and only showing targets we have
acquired.
Closes: 752702
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We used to read the Release file for each Packages file and store the
data in the PackageFile struct even through potentially many Packages
(and Translation-*) files could use the same data. The point of the
exercise isn't the duplicated data through. Having the Release files as
first-class citizens in the Cache allows us to properly track their
state as well as allows us to use the information also for files which
aren't in the cache, but where we know to which Release file they
belong (Sources are an example for this).
This modifies the pkgCache structs, especially the PackagesFile struct
which depending on how libapt users access the data in these structs can
mean huge breakage or no visible change. As a single data point:
aptitude seems to be fine with this. Even if there is breakage it is
trivial to fix in a backportable way while avoiding breakage for
everyone would be a huge pain for us.
Note that not all PackageFile structs have a corresponding ReleaseFile.
In particular the dpkg/status file as well as *.deb files have not. As
these have only a Archive property need, the Component property takes
over this duty and the ReleaseFile remains zero. This is also the reason
why it isn't needed nor particularily recommended to change from
PackagesFile to ReleaseFile blindly. Sticking with the earlier is
usually the better option.
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Downloading additional files is only half the job. We still need a way
to allow external tools to know where the files are they requested for
download given that we don't want them to choose their own location.
'apt-get files' is our answer to this showing by default in a deb822
format information about each IndexTarget with the potential to filter
the records based on lines and an option to change the output format.
The command serves also as an example on how to get to this information
via libapt.
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Strings are easy to typo and we can keep the extensibility we require
here with a simple enum we can append to without endangering ABI.
Git-Dch: Ignore
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Removes a bunch of duplicated code in the deb-specific parts. Especially
the Description part is now handled centrally by IndexTarget instead of
being duplicated to the derivations of IndexFile.
Git-Dch: Ignore
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It is a rather strange sight that index items use SiteOnly which strips
the Path, while e.g. deb files are downloaded with NoUserPassword which
does not. Important to note here is that for the file transport Path is
pretty important as there is no Host which would be displayed by Site,
which always resulted in "interesting" unspecific errors for "file:".
Adding a 'middle' ground between the two which does show the Path but
potentially modifies it (it strips a pending / at the end if existing)
solves this "file:" issue, syncs the output and in the end helps to
identify which file is meant exactly in progress output and co as a
single site can have multiple repositories in different paths.
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We need a general way to get from a sources.list entry to IndexTargets
and with this change we can move from pkgSourceList over the list of
metaIndexes it includes to the IndexTargets each metaIndex can have.
Git-Dch: Ignore
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Creating and passing around a bunch of pointers of IndexTargets (and of
a vector of pointers of IndexTargets) is probably done to avoid the
'costly' copy of container, but we are really not in a timecritical
operation here and move semantics will help us even further in the
future. On the other hand we never do a proper cleanup of these
pointers, which is very dirty, even if structures aren't that big…
The changes will effecting many items only effect our own hidden class,
so we can do that without fearing breaking interfaces or anything.
Git-Dch: Ignore
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