summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/apt-pkg/deb/dpkgpm.cc
blob: c8807b82c83a6551dc633caeb7aa1f3e081813ce (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
// -*- mode: cpp; mode: fold -*-
// Description								/*{{{*/
/* ######################################################################

   DPKG Package Manager - Provide an interface to dpkg

   ##################################################################### */
									/*}}}*/
// Includes								/*{{{*/
#include <config.h>

#include <apt-pkg/cachefile.h>
#include <apt-pkg/configuration.h>
#include <apt-pkg/depcache.h>
#include <apt-pkg/dpkgpm.h>
#include <apt-pkg/debsystem.h>
#include <apt-pkg/error.h>
#include <apt-pkg/fileutl.h>
#include <apt-pkg/install-progress.h>
#include <apt-pkg/packagemanager.h>
#include <apt-pkg/strutl.h>
#include <apt-pkg/statechanges.h>
#include <apt-pkg/cacheiterators.h>
#include <apt-pkg/macros.h>
#include <apt-pkg/pkgcache.h>
#include <apt-pkg/version.h>

#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <grp.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <set>
#include <string>
#include <type_traits>
#include <utility>
#include <unordered_set>
#include <vector>
#include <sstream>
#include <numeric>

#include <apti18n.h>
									/*}}}*/

using namespace std;

APT_PURE static string AptHistoryRequestingUser()			/*{{{*/
{
   const char* EnvKeys[]{"SUDO_UID", "PKEXEC_UID", "PACKAGEKIT_CALLER_UID"};

   for (const auto &Key: EnvKeys)
   {
      if (getenv(Key) != nullptr)
      {
         int uid = atoi(getenv(Key));
         if (uid > 0) {
            struct passwd pwd;
            struct passwd *result;
            char buf[255];
            if (getpwuid_r(uid, &pwd, buf, sizeof(buf), &result) == 0 && result != NULL) {
               std::string res;
               strprintf(res, "%s (%d)", pwd.pw_name, uid);
               return res;
            }
         }
      }
   }
   return "";
}
									/*}}}*/
APT_PURE static unsigned int EnvironmentSize()				/*{{{*/
{
  unsigned int size = 0;
  char **envp = environ;

  while (*envp != NULL)
    size += strlen (*envp++) + 1;

  return size;
}
									/*}}}*/
class pkgDPkgPMPrivate							/*{{{*/
{
public:
   pkgDPkgPMPrivate() : stdin_is_dev_null(false), dpkgbuf_pos(0),
			term_out(NULL), history_out(NULL),
			progress(NULL), tt_is_valid(false), master(-1),
			slave(NULL), protect_slave_from_dying(-1),
			direct_stdin(false)
   {
      dpkgbuf[0] = '\0';
   }
   ~pkgDPkgPMPrivate()
   {
   }
   bool stdin_is_dev_null;
   // the buffer we use for the dpkg status-fd reading
   char dpkgbuf[1024];
   size_t dpkgbuf_pos;
   FILE *term_out;
   FILE *history_out;
   string dpkg_error;
   APT::Progress::PackageManager *progress;

   // pty stuff
   struct termios tt;
   bool tt_is_valid;
   int master;
   char * slave;
   int protect_slave_from_dying;

   // signals
   sigset_t sigmask;
   sigset_t original_sigmask;

   bool direct_stdin;
};
									/*}}}*/
namespace
{
  // Maps the dpkg "processing" info to human readable names.  Entry 0
  // of each array is the key, entry 1 is the value.
  const std::pair<const char *, const char *> PackageProcessingOps[] = {
    std::make_pair("install",   N_("Installing %s")),
    std::make_pair("configure", N_("Configuring %s")),
    std::make_pair("remove",    N_("Removing %s")),
    std::make_pair("purge",    N_("Completely removing %s")),
    std::make_pair("disappear", N_("Noting disappearance of %s")),
    std::make_pair("trigproc",  N_("Running post-installation trigger %s"))
  };

  const std::pair<const char *, const char *> * const PackageProcessingOpsBegin = PackageProcessingOps;
  const std::pair<const char *, const char *> * const PackageProcessingOpsEnd   = PackageProcessingOps + sizeof(PackageProcessingOps) / sizeof(PackageProcessingOps[0]);

  // Predicate to test whether an entry in the PackageProcessingOps
  // array matches a string.
  class MatchProcessingOp
  {
    const char *target;

  public:
    explicit MatchProcessingOp(const char *the_target)
      : target(the_target)
    {
    }

    bool operator()(const std::pair<const char *, const char *> &pair) const
    {
      return strcmp(pair.first, target) == 0;
    }
  };
}

// ionice - helper function to ionice the given PID			/*{{{*/
/* there is no C header for ionice yet - just the syscall interface
   so we use the binary from util-linux */
static bool ionice(int PID)
{
   if (!FileExists("/usr/bin/ionice"))
      return false;
   pid_t Process = ExecFork();
   if (Process == 0)
   {
      char buf[32];
      snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "-p%d", PID);
      const char *Args[4];
      Args[0] = "/usr/bin/ionice";
      Args[1] = "-c3";
      Args[2] = buf;
      Args[3] = 0;
      execv(Args[0], (char **)Args);
   }
   return ExecWait(Process, "ionice");
}
									/*}}}*/
// FindNowVersion - Helper to find a Version in "now" state	/*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/* This is helpful when a package is no longer installed but has residual
 * config files
 */
static
pkgCache::VerIterator FindNowVersion(const pkgCache::PkgIterator &Pkg)
{
   pkgCache::VerIterator Ver;
   for (Ver = Pkg.VersionList(); Ver.end() == false; ++Ver)
      for (pkgCache::VerFileIterator Vf = Ver.FileList(); Vf.end() == false; ++Vf)
	 for (pkgCache::PkgFileIterator F = Vf.File(); F.end() == false; ++F)
	 {
	    if (F.Archive() != 0 && strcmp(F.Archive(), "now") == 0)
	       return Ver;
	 }
   return Ver;
}
									/*}}}*/
static pkgCache::VerIterator FindToBeRemovedVersion(pkgCache::PkgIterator const &Pkg)/*{{{*/
{
   auto const PV = Pkg.CurrentVer();
   if (PV.end() == false)
      return PV;
   return FindNowVersion(Pkg);
}
									/*}}}*/

// DPkgPM::pkgDPkgPM - Constructor					/*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/* */
pkgDPkgPM::pkgDPkgPM(pkgDepCache *Cache)
   : pkgPackageManager(Cache),d(new pkgDPkgPMPrivate()), pkgFailures(0), PackagesDone(0), PackagesTotal(0)
{
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::pkgDPkgPM - Destructor					/*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/* */
pkgDPkgPM::~pkgDPkgPM()
{
   delete d;
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::Install - Install a package					/*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/* Add an install operation to the sequence list */
bool pkgDPkgPM::Install(PkgIterator Pkg,string File)
{
   if (File.empty() == true || Pkg.end() == true)
      return _error->Error("Internal Error, No file name for %s",Pkg.FullName().c_str());

   // If the filename string begins with DPkg::Chroot-Directory, return the
   // substr that is within the chroot so dpkg can access it.
   string const chrootdir = _config->FindDir("DPkg::Chroot-Directory","/");
   if (chrootdir != "/" && File.find(chrootdir) == 0)
   {
      size_t len = chrootdir.length();
      if (chrootdir.at(len - 1) == '/')
        len--;
      List.push_back(Item(Item::Install,Pkg,File.substr(len)));
   }
   else
      List.push_back(Item(Item::Install,Pkg,File));

   return true;
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::Configure - Configure a package				/*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/* Add a configure operation to the sequence list */
bool pkgDPkgPM::Configure(PkgIterator Pkg)
{
   if (Pkg.end() == true)
      return false;

   List.push_back(Item(Item::Configure, Pkg));

   // Use triggers for config calls if we configure "smart"
   // as otherwise Pre-Depends will not be satisfied, see #526774
   if (_config->FindB("DPkg::TriggersPending", false) == true)
      List.push_back(Item(Item::TriggersPending, PkgIterator()));

   return true;
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::Remove - Remove a package					/*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/* Add a remove operation to the sequence list */
bool pkgDPkgPM::Remove(PkgIterator Pkg,bool Purge)
{
   if (Pkg.end() == true)
      return false;

   if (Purge == true)
      List.push_back(Item(Item::Purge,Pkg));
   else
      List.push_back(Item(Item::Remove,Pkg));
   return true;
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::SendPkgInfo - Send info for install-pkgs hook		/*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/* This is part of the helper script communication interface, it sends
   very complete information down to the other end of the pipe.*/
bool pkgDPkgPM::SendV2Pkgs(FILE *F)
{
   return SendPkgsInfo(F, 2);
}
bool pkgDPkgPM::SendPkgsInfo(FILE * const F, unsigned int const &Version)
{
   // This version of APT supports only v3, so don't sent higher versions
   if (Version <= 3)
      fprintf(F,"VERSION %u\n", Version);
   else
      fprintf(F,"VERSION 3\n");

   /* Write out all of the configuration directives by walking the
      configuration tree */
   const Configuration::Item *Top = _config->Tree(0);
   for (; Top != 0;)
   {
      if (Top->Value.empty() == false)
      {
	 fprintf(F,"%s=%s\n",
		 QuoteString(Top->FullTag(),"=\"\n").c_str(),
		 QuoteString(Top->Value,"\n").c_str());
      }

      if (Top->Child != 0)
      {
	 Top = Top->Child;
	 continue;
      }

      while (Top != 0 && Top->Next == 0)
	 Top = Top->Parent;
      if (Top != 0)
	 Top = Top->Next;
   }
   fprintf(F,"\n");

   // Write out the package actions in order.
   for (vector<Item>::iterator I = List.begin(); I != List.end(); ++I)
   {
      if(I->Pkg.end() == true)
	 continue;

      pkgDepCache::StateCache &S = Cache[I->Pkg];

      fprintf(F,"%s ",I->Pkg.Name());

      // Current version which we are going to replace
      pkgCache::VerIterator CurVer = I->Pkg.CurrentVer();
      if (CurVer.end() == true && (I->Op == Item::Remove || I->Op == Item::Purge))
	 CurVer = FindNowVersion(I->Pkg);

      if (CurVer.end() == true)
      {
	 if (Version <= 2)
	    fprintf(F, "- ");
	 else
	    fprintf(F, "- - none ");
      }
      else
      {
	 fprintf(F, "%s ", CurVer.VerStr());
	 if (Version >= 3)
	    fprintf(F, "%s %s ", CurVer.Arch(), CurVer.MultiArchType());
      }

      // Show the compare operator between current and install version
      if (S.InstallVer != 0)
      {
	 pkgCache::VerIterator const InstVer = S.InstVerIter(Cache);
	 int Comp = 2;
	 if (CurVer.end() == false)
	    Comp = InstVer.CompareVer(CurVer);
	 if (Comp < 0)
	    fprintf(F,"> ");
	 else if (Comp == 0)
	    fprintf(F,"= ");
	 else if (Comp > 0)
	    fprintf(F,"< ");
	 fprintf(F, "%s ", InstVer.VerStr());
	 if (Version >= 3)
	    fprintf(F, "%s %s ", InstVer.Arch(), InstVer.MultiArchType());
      }
      else
      {
	 if (Version <= 2)
	    fprintf(F, "> - ");
	 else
	    fprintf(F, "> - - none ");
      }

      // Show the filename/operation
      if (I->Op == Item::Install)
      {
	 // No errors here..
	 if (I->File[0] != '/')
	    fprintf(F,"**ERROR**\n");
	 else
	    fprintf(F,"%s\n",I->File.c_str());
      }
      else if (I->Op == Item::Configure)
	 fprintf(F,"**CONFIGURE**\n");
      else if (I->Op == Item::Remove ||
	  I->Op == Item::Purge)
	 fprintf(F,"**REMOVE**\n");

      if (ferror(F) != 0)
	 return false;
   }
   return true;
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::RunScriptsWithPkgs - Run scripts with package names on stdin /*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/* This looks for a list of scripts to run from the configuration file
   each one is run and is fed on standard input a list of all .deb files
   that are due to be installed. */
bool pkgDPkgPM::RunScriptsWithPkgs(const char *Cnf)
{
   bool result = true;
   static bool interrupted = false;

   Configuration::Item const *Opts = _config->Tree(Cnf);
   if (Opts == 0 || Opts->Child == 0)
      return true;
   Opts = Opts->Child;

   sighandler_t old_sigpipe = signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
   sighandler_t old_sigint = signal(SIGINT, [](int signum){
	 interrupted = true;
   });

   unsigned int Count = 1;
   for (; Opts != 0; Opts = Opts->Next, Count++)
   {
      if (Opts->Value.empty() == true)
         continue;

      if(_config->FindB("Debug::RunScripts", false) == true)
         std::clog << "Running external script with list of all .deb file: '"
                   << Opts->Value << "'" << std::endl;

      // Determine the protocol version
      string OptSec = Opts->Value;
      string::size_type Pos;
      if ((Pos = OptSec.find(' ')) == string::npos || Pos == 0)
	 Pos = OptSec.length();
      OptSec = "DPkg::Tools::Options::" + string(Opts->Value.c_str(),Pos);

      unsigned int Version = _config->FindI(OptSec+"::Version",1);
      unsigned int InfoFD = _config->FindI(OptSec + "::InfoFD", STDIN_FILENO);

      // Create the pipes
      std::set<int> KeepFDs;
      MergeKeepFdsFromConfiguration(KeepFDs);
      int Pipes[2];
      if (pipe(Pipes) != 0) {
         result = _error->Errno("pipe","Failed to create IPC pipe to subprocess");
         break;
      }
      if (InfoFD != (unsigned)Pipes[0])
	 SetCloseExec(Pipes[0],true);
      else
         KeepFDs.insert(Pipes[0]);


      SetCloseExec(Pipes[1],true);

      // Purified Fork for running the script
      pid_t Process = ExecFork(KeepFDs);
      if (Process == 0)
      {
	 // Setup the FDs
	 dup2(Pipes[0], InfoFD);
	 SetCloseExec(STDOUT_FILENO,false);
	 SetCloseExec(STDIN_FILENO,false);
	 SetCloseExec(STDERR_FILENO,false);

	 string hookfd;
	 strprintf(hookfd, "%d", InfoFD);
	 setenv("APT_HOOK_INFO_FD", hookfd.c_str(), 1);

	 debSystem::DpkgChrootDirectory();
	 const char *Args[4];
	 Args[0] = "/bin/sh";
	 Args[1] = "-c";
	 Args[2] = Opts->Value.c_str();
	 Args[3] = 0;
	 execv(Args[0],(char **)Args);
	 _exit(100);
      }
      close(Pipes[0]);
      FILE *F = fdopen(Pipes[1],"w");
      if (F == 0) {
         result = _error->Errno("fdopen","Failed to open new FD");
         break;
      }

      // Feed it the filenames.
      if (Version <= 1)
      {
	 for (vector<Item>::iterator I = List.begin(); I != List.end(); ++I)
	 {
	    // Only deal with packages to be installed from .deb
	    if (I->Op != Item::Install)
	       continue;

	    // No errors here..
	    if (I->File[0] != '/')
	       continue;

	    /* Feed the filename of each package that is pending install
	       into the pipe. */
	    fprintf(F,"%s\n",I->File.c_str());
	    if (ferror(F) != 0)
	       break;
	 }
      }
      else
	 SendPkgsInfo(F, Version);

      fclose(F);

      // Clean up the sub process
      if (ExecWait(Process,Opts->Value.c_str()) == false) {
	 result = _error->Error("Failure running script %s",Opts->Value.c_str());
         break;
      }
   }
   signal(SIGINT, old_sigint);
   signal(SIGPIPE, old_sigpipe);

   if (interrupted)
      result = _error->Error("Interrupted");

   return result;
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::DoStdin - Read stdin and pass to master pty			/*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/*
*/
void pkgDPkgPM::DoStdin(int master)
{
   unsigned char input_buf[256] = {0,}; 
   ssize_t len = read(STDIN_FILENO, input_buf, sizeof(input_buf));
   if (len)
      FileFd::Write(master, input_buf, len);
   else
      d->stdin_is_dev_null = true;
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::DoTerminalPty - Read the terminal pty and write log		/*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/*
 * read the terminal pty and write log
 */
void pkgDPkgPM::DoTerminalPty(int master)
{
   unsigned char term_buf[1024] = {0,0, };

   ssize_t len=read(master, term_buf, sizeof(term_buf));
   if(len == -1 && errno == EIO)
   {
      // this happens when the child is about to exit, we
      // give it time to actually exit, otherwise we run
      // into a race so we sleep for half a second.
      struct timespec sleepfor = { 0, 500000000 };
      nanosleep(&sleepfor, NULL);
      return;
   }
   if(len <= 0)
      return;
   FileFd::Write(1, term_buf, len);
   if(d->term_out)
      fwrite(term_buf, len, sizeof(char), d->term_out);
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::ProcessDpkgStatusBuf						/*{{{*/
void pkgDPkgPM::ProcessDpkgStatusLine(char *line)
{
   bool const Debug = _config->FindB("Debug::pkgDPkgProgressReporting",false);
   if (Debug == true)
      std::clog << "got from dpkg '" << line << "'" << std::endl;

   /* dpkg sends strings like this:
      'status:   <pkg>: <pkg  qstate>'
      'status:   <pkg>:<arch>: <pkg  qstate>'

      'processing: {install,upgrade,configure,remove,purge,disappear,trigproc}: pkg'
      'processing: {install,upgrade,configure,remove,purge,disappear,trigproc}: trigger'
   */

   // we need to split on ": " (note the appended space) as the ':' is
   // part of the pkgname:arch information that dpkg sends
   //
   // A dpkg error message may contain additional ":" (like
   //  "failed in buffer_write(fd) (10, ret=-1): backend dpkg-deb ..."
   // so we need to ensure to not split too much
   std::vector<std::string> list = StringSplit(line, ": ", 4);
   if(list.size() < 3)
   {
      if (Debug == true)
	 std::clog << "ignoring line: not enough ':'" << std::endl;
      return;
   }

   // build the (prefix, pkgname, action) tuple, position of this
   // is different for "processing" or "status" messages
   std::string prefix = APT::String::Strip(list[0]);
   std::string pkgname;
   std::string action;

   // "processing" has the form "processing: action: pkg or trigger"
   // with action = ["install", "upgrade", "configure", "remove", "purge",
   //                "disappear", "trigproc"]
   if (prefix == "processing")
   {
      pkgname = APT::String::Strip(list[2]);
      action = APT::String::Strip(list[1]);
      // we don't care for the difference (as dpkg doesn't really either)
      if (action == "upgrade")
	 action = "install";
   }
   // "status" has the form: "status: pkg: state"
   // with state in ["half-installed", "unpacked", "half-configured", 
   //                "installed", "config-files", "not-installed"]
   else if (prefix == "status")
   {
      pkgname = APT::String::Strip(list[1]);
      action = APT::String::Strip(list[2]);
   } else {
      if (Debug == true)
	 std::clog << "unknown prefix '" << prefix << "'" << std::endl;
      return;
   }


   /* handle the special cases first:

      errors look like this:
      'status: /var/cache/apt/archives/krecipes_0.8.1-0ubuntu1_i386.deb : error : trying to overwrite `/usr/share/doc/kde/HTML/en/krecipes/krectip.png', which is also in package krecipes-data 
      and conffile-prompt like this
      'status:/etc/compiz.conf/compiz.conf :  conffile-prompt: 'current-conffile' 'new-conffile' useredited distedited
   */
   if (prefix == "status")
   {
      if(action == "error")
      {
         d->progress->Error(pkgname, PackagesDone, PackagesTotal,
                            list[3]);
         pkgFailures++;
         WriteApportReport(pkgname.c_str(), list[3].c_str());
         return;
      }
      else if(action == "conffile-prompt")
      {
         d->progress->ConffilePrompt(pkgname, PackagesDone, PackagesTotal,
                                     list[3]);
         return;
      }
   }

   // at this point we know that we should have a valid pkgname, so build all 
   // the info from it

   // dpkg does not always send "pkgname:arch" so we add it here if needed
   if (pkgname.find(":") == std::string::npos)
   {
      // find the package in the group that is touched by dpkg
      // if there are multiple pkgs dpkg would send us a full pkgname:arch
      pkgCache::GrpIterator Grp = Cache.FindGrp(pkgname);
      if (Grp.end() == false)
	 for (auto P = Grp.PackageList(); P.end() != true; P = Grp.NextPkg(P))
	    if(Cache[P].Keep() == false || Cache[P].ReInstall() == true)
	    {
	       auto fullname = P.FullName();
	       if (Cache[P].Delete() && PackageOps[fullname].size() <= PackageOpsDone[fullname])
		  continue;
	       pkgname = std::move(fullname);
	       break;
	    }
   }

   std::string arch = "";
   if (pkgname.find(":") != string::npos)
      arch = StringSplit(pkgname, ":")[1];
   std::string i18n_pkgname = pkgname;
   if (arch.size() != 0)
      strprintf(i18n_pkgname, "%s (%s)", StringSplit(pkgname, ":")[0].c_str(), arch.c_str());

   // 'processing' from dpkg looks like
   // 'processing: action: pkg'
   if(prefix == "processing")
   {
      const std::pair<const char *, const char *> * const iter =
	std::find_if(PackageProcessingOpsBegin,
		     PackageProcessingOpsEnd,
		     MatchProcessingOp(action.c_str()));
      if(iter == PackageProcessingOpsEnd)
      {
	 if (Debug == true)
	    std::clog << "ignoring unknown action: " << action << std::endl;
	 return;
      }
      std::string msg;
      strprintf(msg, _(iter->second), i18n_pkgname.c_str());
      d->progress->StatusChanged(pkgname, PackagesDone, PackagesTotal, msg);

      // FIXME: this needs a muliarch testcase
      // FIXME2: is "pkgname" here reliable with dpkg only sending us
      //         short pkgnames?
      if (action == "disappear")
	 handleDisappearAction(pkgname);
      return;
   }

   if (prefix == "status")
   {
      std::vector<struct DpkgState> &states = PackageOps[pkgname];
      if (action == "triggers-pending")
      {
	 if (Debug == true)
	    std::clog << "(parsed from dpkg) pkg: " << pkgname
	       << " action: " << action << " (prefix 2 to "
	       << PackageOpsDone[pkgname] << " of " << states.size() << ")" << endl;

	 states.insert(states.begin(), {"installed", N_("Installed %s")});
	 states.insert(states.begin(), {"half-configured", N_("Configuring %s")});
	 PackagesTotal += 2;
      }
      else if(PackageOpsDone[pkgname] < states.size())
      {
	 char const * next_action = states[PackageOpsDone[pkgname]].state;
	 if (next_action)
	 {
	    /*
	    if (action == "half-installed" && strcmp("half-configured", next_action) == 0 &&
		  PackageOpsDone[pkg] + 2 < states.size() && action == states[PackageOpsDone[pkg] + 2].state)
	    {
	       if (Debug == true)
		  std::clog << "(parsed from dpkg) pkg: " << short_pkgname << " action: " << action
		     << " pending trigger defused by unpack" << std::endl;
	       // unpacking a package defuses the pending trigger
	       PackageOpsDone[pkg] += 2;
	       PackagesDone += 2;
	       next_action = states[PackageOpsDone[pkg]].state;
	    }
	    */
	    if (Debug == true)
	       std::clog << "(parsed from dpkg) pkg: " << pkgname
		  << " action: " << action << " (expected: '" << next_action << "' "
		  << PackageOpsDone[pkgname] << " of " << states.size() << ")" << endl;

	    // check if the package moved to the next dpkg state
	    if(action == next_action)
	    {
	       // only read the translation if there is actually a next action
	       char const * const translation = _(states[PackageOpsDone[pkgname]].str);

	       // we moved from one dpkg state to a new one, report that
	       ++PackageOpsDone[pkgname];
	       ++PackagesDone;

	       std::string msg;
	       strprintf(msg, translation, i18n_pkgname.c_str());
	       d->progress->StatusChanged(pkgname, PackagesDone, PackagesTotal, msg);
	    }
	    else if (action == "unpacked" && strcmp(next_action, "config-files") == 0)
	    {
	       // in a crossgrade what looked like a remove first is really an unpack over it
	       ++PackageOpsDone[pkgname];
	       ++PackagesDone;

	       auto const Pkg = Cache.FindPkg(pkgname);
	       if (likely(Pkg.end() == false))
	       {
		  auto const Grp = Pkg.Group();
		  if (likely(Grp.end() == false))
		  {
		     for (auto P = Grp.PackageList(); P.end() != true; P = Grp.NextPkg(P))
			if(Cache[P].Install())
			{
			   auto && Ops = PackageOps[P.FullName()];
			   auto const unpackOp = std::find_if(Ops.cbegin(), Ops.cend(), [](DpkgState const &s) { return strcmp(s.state, "unpacked") == 0; });
			   if (unpackOp != Ops.cend())
			   {
			      auto const skipped = std::distance(Ops.cbegin(), unpackOp);
			      PackagesDone += skipped;
			      PackageOpsDone[P.FullName()] += skipped;
			      break;
			   }
			}
		  }
	       }
	    }
	 }
      }
   }
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::handleDisappearAction					/*{{{*/
void pkgDPkgPM::handleDisappearAction(string const &pkgname)
{
   pkgCache::PkgIterator Pkg = Cache.FindPkg(pkgname);
   if (unlikely(Pkg.end() == true))
      return;

   // record the package name for display and stuff later
   disappearedPkgs.insert(Pkg.FullName(true));

   // the disappeared package was auto-installed - nothing to do
   if ((Cache[Pkg].Flags & pkgCache::Flag::Auto) == pkgCache::Flag::Auto)
      return;
   pkgCache::VerIterator PkgVer = Cache[Pkg].InstVerIter(Cache);
   if (unlikely(PkgVer.end() == true))
      return;
   /* search in the list of dependencies for (Pre)Depends,
      check if this dependency has a Replaces on our package
      and if so transfer the manual installed flag to it */
   for (pkgCache::DepIterator Dep = PkgVer.DependsList(); Dep.end() != true; ++Dep)
   {
      if (Dep->Type != pkgCache::Dep::Depends &&
	  Dep->Type != pkgCache::Dep::PreDepends)
	 continue;
      pkgCache::PkgIterator Tar = Dep.TargetPkg();
      if (unlikely(Tar.end() == true))
	 continue;
      // the package is already marked as manual
      if ((Cache[Tar].Flags & pkgCache::Flag::Auto) != pkgCache::Flag::Auto)
	 continue;
      pkgCache::VerIterator TarVer =  Cache[Tar].InstVerIter(Cache);
      if (TarVer.end() == true)
	 continue;
      for (pkgCache::DepIterator Rep = TarVer.DependsList(); Rep.end() != true; ++Rep)
      {
	 if (Rep->Type != pkgCache::Dep::Replaces)
	    continue;
	 if (Pkg != Rep.TargetPkg())
	    continue;
	 // okay, they are strongly connected - transfer manual-bit
	 if (Debug == true)
	    std::clog << "transfer manual-bit from disappeared »" << pkgname << "« to »" << Tar.FullName() << "«" << std::endl;
	 Cache[Tar].Flags &= ~Flag::Auto;
	 break;
      }
   }
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::DoDpkgStatusFd						/*{{{*/
void pkgDPkgPM::DoDpkgStatusFd(int statusfd)
{
   ssize_t const len = read(statusfd, &d->dpkgbuf[d->dpkgbuf_pos],
	 (sizeof(d->dpkgbuf)/sizeof(d->dpkgbuf[0])) - d->dpkgbuf_pos);
   if(len <= 0)
      return;
   d->dpkgbuf_pos += (len / sizeof(d->dpkgbuf[0]));

   // process line by line from the buffer
   char *p = d->dpkgbuf, *q = nullptr;
   while((q=(char*)memchr(p, '\n', (d->dpkgbuf + d->dpkgbuf_pos) - p)) != nullptr)
   {
      *q = '\0';
      ProcessDpkgStatusLine(p);
      p = q + 1; // continue with next line
   }

   // check if we stripped the buffer clean
   if (p > (d->dpkgbuf + d->dpkgbuf_pos))
   {
      d->dpkgbuf_pos = 0;
      return;
   }

   // otherwise move the unprocessed tail to the start and update pos
   memmove(d->dpkgbuf, p, (p - d->dpkgbuf));
   d->dpkgbuf_pos = (d->dpkgbuf + d->dpkgbuf_pos) - p;
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::WriteHistoryTag						/*{{{*/
void pkgDPkgPM::WriteHistoryTag(string const &tag, string value)
{
   size_t const length = value.length();
   if (length == 0)
      return;
   // poor mans rstrip(", ")
   if (value[length-2] == ',' && value[length-1] == ' ')
      value.erase(length - 2, 2);
   fprintf(d->history_out, "%s: %s\n", tag.c_str(), value.c_str());
}									/*}}}*/
// DPkgPM::OpenLog							/*{{{*/
bool pkgDPkgPM::OpenLog()
{
   string const logdir = _config->FindDir("Dir::Log");
   if(CreateAPTDirectoryIfNeeded(logdir, logdir) == false)
      // FIXME: use a better string after freeze
      return _error->Error(_("Directory '%s' missing"), logdir.c_str());

   // get current time
   char timestr[200];
   time_t const t = time(NULL);
   struct tm tm_buf;
   struct tm const * const tmp = localtime_r(&t, &tm_buf);
   strftime(timestr, sizeof(timestr), "%F  %T", tmp);

   // open terminal log
   string const logfile_name = flCombine(logdir,
				   _config->Find("Dir::Log::Terminal"));
   if (!logfile_name.empty())
   {
      d->term_out = fopen(logfile_name.c_str(),"a");
      if (d->term_out == NULL)
	 return _error->WarningE("OpenLog", _("Could not open file '%s'"), logfile_name.c_str());
      setvbuf(d->term_out, NULL, _IONBF, 0);
      SetCloseExec(fileno(d->term_out), true);
      if (getuid() == 0) // if we aren't root, we can't chown a file, so don't try it
      {
	 struct passwd *pw = getpwnam("root");
	 struct group *gr = getgrnam("adm");
	 if (pw != NULL && gr != NULL && chown(logfile_name.c_str(), pw->pw_uid, gr->gr_gid) != 0)
	    _error->WarningE("OpenLog", "chown to root:adm of file %s failed", logfile_name.c_str());
      }
      if (chmod(logfile_name.c_str(), 0640) != 0)
	 _error->WarningE("OpenLog", "chmod 0640 of file %s failed", logfile_name.c_str());
      fprintf(d->term_out, "\nLog started: %s\n", timestr);
   }

   // write your history
   string const history_name = flCombine(logdir,
				   _config->Find("Dir::Log::History"));
   if (!history_name.empty())
   {
      d->history_out = fopen(history_name.c_str(),"a");
      if (d->history_out == NULL)
	 return _error->WarningE("OpenLog", _("Could not open file '%s'"), history_name.c_str());
      SetCloseExec(fileno(d->history_out), true);
      chmod(history_name.c_str(), 0644);
      fprintf(d->history_out, "\nStart-Date: %s\n", timestr);
      string remove, purge, install, reinstall, upgrade, downgrade;
      for (pkgCache::PkgIterator I = Cache.PkgBegin(); I.end() == false; ++I)
      {
	 enum { CANDIDATE, CANDIDATE_AUTO, CURRENT_CANDIDATE, CURRENT } infostring;
	 string *line = NULL;
	 #define HISTORYINFO(X, Y) { line = &X; infostring = Y; }
	 if (Cache[I].NewInstall() == true)
	    HISTORYINFO(install, CANDIDATE_AUTO)
	 else if (Cache[I].ReInstall() == true)
	    HISTORYINFO(reinstall, CANDIDATE)
	 else if (Cache[I].Upgrade() == true)
	    HISTORYINFO(upgrade, CURRENT_CANDIDATE)
	 else if (Cache[I].Downgrade() == true)
	    HISTORYINFO(downgrade, CURRENT_CANDIDATE)
	 else if (Cache[I].Delete() == true)
	    HISTORYINFO((Cache[I].Purge() ? purge : remove), CURRENT)
	 else
	    continue;
	 #undef HISTORYINFO
	 line->append(I.FullName(false)).append(" (");
	 switch (infostring) {
	 case CANDIDATE: line->append(Cache[I].CandVersion); break;
	 case CANDIDATE_AUTO:
	    line->append(Cache[I].CandVersion);
	    if ((Cache[I].Flags & pkgCache::Flag::Auto) == pkgCache::Flag::Auto)
	       line->append(", automatic");
	    break;
	 case CURRENT_CANDIDATE: line->append(Cache[I].CurVersion).append(", ").append(Cache[I].CandVersion); break;
	 case CURRENT: line->append(Cache[I].CurVersion); break;
	 }
	 line->append("), ");
      }
      if (_config->Exists("Commandline::AsString") == true)
	 WriteHistoryTag("Commandline", _config->Find("Commandline::AsString"));
      std::string RequestingUser = AptHistoryRequestingUser();
      if (RequestingUser != "")
         WriteHistoryTag("Requested-By", RequestingUser);
      WriteHistoryTag("Install", install);
      WriteHistoryTag("Reinstall", reinstall);
      WriteHistoryTag("Upgrade", upgrade);
      WriteHistoryTag("Downgrade",downgrade);
      WriteHistoryTag("Remove",remove);
      WriteHistoryTag("Purge",purge);
      fflush(d->history_out);
   }

   return true;
}
									/*}}}*/
// DPkg::CloseLog							/*{{{*/
bool pkgDPkgPM::CloseLog()
{
   char timestr[200];
   time_t t = time(NULL);
   struct tm tm_buf;
   struct tm *tmp = localtime_r(&t, &tm_buf);
   strftime(timestr, sizeof(timestr), "%F  %T", tmp);

   if(d->term_out)
   {
      fprintf(d->term_out, "Log ended: ");
      fprintf(d->term_out, "%s", timestr);
      fprintf(d->term_out, "\n");
      fclose(d->term_out);
   }
   d->term_out = NULL;

   if(d->history_out)
   {
      if (disappearedPkgs.empty() == false)
      {
	 string disappear;
	 for (std::set<std::string>::const_iterator d = disappearedPkgs.begin();
	      d != disappearedPkgs.end(); ++d)
	 {
	    pkgCache::PkgIterator P = Cache.FindPkg(*d);
	    disappear.append(*d);
	    if (P.end() == true)
	       disappear.append(", ");
	    else
	       disappear.append(" (").append(Cache[P].CurVersion).append("), ");
	 }
	 WriteHistoryTag("Disappeared", disappear);
      }
      if (d->dpkg_error.empty() == false)
	 fprintf(d->history_out, "Error: %s\n", d->dpkg_error.c_str());
      fprintf(d->history_out, "End-Date: %s\n", timestr);
      fclose(d->history_out);
   }
   d->history_out = NULL;

   return true;
}
									/*}}}*/

// DPkgPM::BuildPackagesProgressMap					/*{{{*/
void pkgDPkgPM::BuildPackagesProgressMap()
{
   // map the dpkg states to the operations that are performed
   // (this is sorted in the same way as Item::Ops)
   static const std::array<std::array<DpkgState, 3>, 4> DpkgStatesOpMap = {{
      // Install operation
      {{
	 {"half-installed", N_("Preparing %s")},
	 {"unpacked", N_("Unpacking %s") },
	 {nullptr, nullptr}
      }},
      // Configure operation
      {{
	 {"unpacked",N_("Preparing to configure %s") },
	 {"half-configured", N_("Configuring %s") },
	 { "installed", N_("Installed %s")},
      }},
      // Remove operation
      {{
	 {"half-configured", N_("Preparing for removal of %s")},
	 {"half-installed", N_("Removing %s")},
	 {"config-files",  N_("Removed %s")},
      }},
      // Purge operation
      {{
	 {"config-files", N_("Preparing to completely remove %s")},
	 {"not-installed", N_("Completely removed %s")},
	 {nullptr, nullptr}
      }},
   }};
   static_assert(Item::Purge == 3, "Enum item has unexpected index for mapping array");

   // init the PackageOps map, go over the list of packages that
   // that will be [installed|configured|removed|purged] and add
   // them to the PackageOps map (the dpkg states it goes through)
   // and the PackageOpsTranslations (human readable strings)
   for (auto &&I : List)
   {
      if(I.Pkg.end() == true)
	 continue;

      string const name = I.Pkg.FullName();
      PackageOpsDone[name] = 0;
      auto AddToPackageOps = std::back_inserter(PackageOps[name]);
      if (I.Op == Item::Purge && I.Pkg->CurrentVer != 0)
      {
	 // purging a package which is installed first passes through remove states
	 auto const DpkgOps = DpkgStatesOpMap[Item::Remove];
	 std::copy(DpkgOps.begin(), DpkgOps.end(), AddToPackageOps);
	 PackagesTotal += DpkgOps.size();
      }
      auto const DpkgOps = DpkgStatesOpMap[I.Op];
      std::copy_if(DpkgOps.begin(), DpkgOps.end(), AddToPackageOps, [&](DpkgState const &state) {
	 if (state.state == nullptr)
	    return false;
	 ++PackagesTotal;
	 return true;
      });
   }
   /* one extra: We don't want the progress bar to reach 100%, especially not
      if we call dpkg --configure --pending and process a bunch of triggers
      while showing 100%. Also, spindown takes a while, so never reaching 100%
      is way more correct than reaching 100% while still doing stuff even if
      doing it this way is slightly bending the rules */
   ++PackagesTotal;
}
                                                                        /*}}}*/
bool pkgDPkgPM::Go(int StatusFd)					/*{{{*/
{
   APT::Progress::PackageManager *progress = NULL;
   if (StatusFd == -1)
      progress = APT::Progress::PackageManagerProgressFactory();
   else
      progress = new APT::Progress::PackageManagerProgressFd(StatusFd);

   return Go(progress);
}
									/*}}}*/
void pkgDPkgPM::StartPtyMagic()						/*{{{*/
{
   if (_config->FindB("Dpkg::Use-Pty", true) == false)
   {
      d->master = -1;
      if (d->slave != NULL)
	 free(d->slave);
      d->slave = NULL;
      return;
   }

   if (isatty(STDIN_FILENO) == 0)
      d->direct_stdin = true;

   _error->PushToStack();

   d->master = posix_openpt(O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY);
   if (d->master == -1)
      _error->Errno("posix_openpt", _("Can not write log (%s)"), _("Is /dev/pts mounted?"));
   else if (unlockpt(d->master) == -1)
      _error->Errno("unlockpt", "Unlocking the slave of master fd %d failed!", d->master);
   else
   {
#ifdef HAVE_PTSNAME_R
      char slave_name[64];	// 64 is used by bionic
      if (ptsname_r(d->master, slave_name, sizeof(slave_name)) != 0)
#else
      char const * const slave_name = ptsname(d->master);
      if (slave_name == NULL)
#endif
	 _error->Errno("ptsname", "Getting name for slave of master fd %d failed!", d->master);
      else
      {
	 d->slave = strdup(slave_name);
	 if (d->slave == NULL)
	    _error->Errno("strdup", "Copying name %s for slave of master fd %d failed!", slave_name, d->master);
	 else if (grantpt(d->master) == -1)
	    _error->Errno("grantpt", "Granting access to slave %s based on master fd %d failed!", slave_name, d->master);
	 else if (tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO, &d->tt) == 0)
	 {
	    d->tt_is_valid = true;
	    struct termios raw_tt;
	    // copy window size of stdout if its a 'good' terminal
	    if (tcgetattr(STDOUT_FILENO, &raw_tt) == 0)
	    {
	       struct winsize win;
	       if (ioctl(STDOUT_FILENO, TIOCGWINSZ, &win) < 0)
		  _error->Errno("ioctl", "Getting TIOCGWINSZ from stdout failed!");
	       if (ioctl(d->master, TIOCSWINSZ, &win) < 0)
		  _error->Errno("ioctl", "Setting TIOCSWINSZ for master fd %d failed!", d->master);
	    }
	    if (tcsetattr(d->master, TCSANOW, &d->tt) == -1)
	       _error->Errno("tcsetattr", "Setting in Start via TCSANOW for master fd %d failed!", d->master);

	    raw_tt = d->tt;
	    cfmakeraw(&raw_tt);
	    raw_tt.c_lflag &= ~ECHO;
	    raw_tt.c_lflag |= ISIG;
	    // block SIGTTOU during tcsetattr to prevent a hang if
	    // the process is a member of the background process group
	    // http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/000095399/functions/tcsetattr.html
	    sigemptyset(&d->sigmask);
	    sigaddset(&d->sigmask, SIGTTOU);
	    sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK,&d->sigmask, &d->original_sigmask);
	    if (tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSAFLUSH, &raw_tt) == -1)
	       _error->Errno("tcsetattr", "Setting in Start via TCSAFLUSH for stdin failed!");
	    sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &d->original_sigmask, NULL);

	 }
	 if (d->slave != NULL)
	 {
	    /* on linux, closing (and later reopening) all references to the slave
	       makes the slave a death end, so we open it here to have one open all
	       the time. We could use this fd in SetupSlavePtyMagic() for linux, but
	       on kfreebsd we get an incorrect ("step like") output then while it has
	       no problem with closing all references… so to avoid platform specific
	       code here we combine both and be happy once more */
	    d->protect_slave_from_dying = open(d->slave, O_RDWR | O_CLOEXEC | O_NOCTTY);
	 }
      }
   }

   if (_error->PendingError() == true)
   {
      if (d->master != -1)
      {
	 close(d->master);
	 d->master = -1;
      }
      if (d->slave != NULL)
      {
	 free(d->slave);
	 d->slave = NULL;
      }
      _error->DumpErrors(std::cerr, GlobalError::DEBUG, false);
   }
   _error->RevertToStack();
}
									/*}}}*/
void pkgDPkgPM::SetupSlavePtyMagic()					/*{{{*/
{
   if(d->master == -1 || d->slave == NULL)
      return;

   if (close(d->master) == -1)
      _error->FatalE("close", "Closing master %d in child failed!", d->master);
   d->master = -1;
   if (setsid() == -1)
      _error->FatalE("setsid", "Starting a new session for child failed!");

   int const slaveFd = open(d->slave, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY);
   if (slaveFd == -1)
      _error->FatalE("open", _("Can not write log (%s)"), _("Is /dev/pts mounted?"));
   else if (ioctl(slaveFd, TIOCSCTTY, 0) < 0)
      _error->FatalE("ioctl", "Setting TIOCSCTTY for slave fd %d failed!", slaveFd);
   else
   {
      unsigned short i = 0;
      if (d->direct_stdin == true)
	 ++i;
      for (; i < 3; ++i)
	 if (dup2(slaveFd, i) == -1)
	    _error->FatalE("dup2", "Dupping %d to %d in child failed!", slaveFd, i);

      if (d->tt_is_valid == true && tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSANOW, &d->tt) < 0)
	 _error->FatalE("tcsetattr", "Setting in Setup via TCSANOW for slave fd %d failed!", slaveFd);
   }

   if (slaveFd != -1)
      close(slaveFd);
}
									/*}}}*/
void pkgDPkgPM::StopPtyMagic()						/*{{{*/
{
   if (d->slave != NULL)
      free(d->slave);
   d->slave = NULL;
   if (d->protect_slave_from_dying != -1)
   {
      close(d->protect_slave_from_dying);
      d->protect_slave_from_dying = -1;
   }
   if(d->master >= 0)
   {
      if (d->tt_is_valid == true && tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO, TCSAFLUSH, &d->tt) == -1)
	 _error->FatalE("tcsetattr", "Setting in Stop via TCSAFLUSH for stdin failed!");
      close(d->master);
      d->master = -1;
   }
}
									/*}}}*/
static void cleanUpTmpDir(char * const tmpdir)				/*{{{*/
{
   if (tmpdir == nullptr)
      return;
   DIR * const D = opendir(tmpdir);
   if (D == nullptr)
      _error->Errno("opendir", _("Unable to read %s"), tmpdir);
   else
   {
      auto const dfd = dirfd(D);
      for (struct dirent *Ent = readdir(D); Ent != nullptr; Ent = readdir(D))
      {
	 if (Ent->d_name[0] == '.')
	    continue;
#ifdef _DIRENT_HAVE_D_TYPE
	 if (unlikely(Ent->d_type != DT_LNK && Ent->d_type != DT_UNKNOWN))
	    continue;
#endif
	 if (unlikely(unlinkat(dfd, Ent->d_name, 0) != 0))
	    break;
      }
      closedir(D);
      rmdir(tmpdir);
   }
   free(tmpdir);
}
									/*}}}*/

// DPkgPM::Go - Run the sequence					/*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/* This globs the operations and calls dpkg
 *
 * If it is called with a progress object apt will report the install
 * progress to this object. It maps the dpkg states a package goes
 * through to human readable (and i10n-able)
 * names and calculates a percentage for each step.
 */
static bool ItemIsEssential(pkgDPkgPM::Item const &I)
{
   static auto const cachegen = _config->Find("pkgCacheGen::Essential");
   if (cachegen == "none" || cachegen == "native")
      return true;
   if (unlikely(I.Pkg.end()))
      return true;
   return (I.Pkg->Flags & pkgCache::Flag::Essential) != 0;
}
bool pkgDPkgPM::ExpandPendingCalls(std::vector<Item> &List, pkgDepCache &Cache)
{
   {
      std::unordered_set<decltype(pkgCache::Package::ID)> alreadyRemoved;
      for (auto && I : List)
	 if (I.Op == Item::Remove || I.Op == Item::Purge)
	    alreadyRemoved.insert(I.Pkg->ID);
      std::remove_reference<decltype(List)>::type AppendList;
      for (auto Pkg = Cache.PkgBegin(); Pkg.end() == false; ++Pkg)
	 if (Cache[Pkg].Delete() && alreadyRemoved.insert(Pkg->ID).second == true)
	    AppendList.emplace_back(Cache[Pkg].Purge() ? Item::Purge : Item::Remove, Pkg);
      std::move(AppendList.begin(), AppendList.end(), std::back_inserter(List));
   }
   {
      std::unordered_set<decltype(pkgCache::Package::ID)> alreadyConfigured;
      for (auto && I : List)
	 if (I.Op == Item::Configure)
	    alreadyConfigured.insert(I.Pkg->ID);
      std::remove_reference<decltype(List)>::type AppendList;
      for (auto && I : List)
	 if (I.Op == Item::Install && alreadyConfigured.insert(I.Pkg->ID).second == true)
	    AppendList.emplace_back(Item::Configure, I.Pkg);
      for (auto Pkg = Cache.PkgBegin(); Pkg.end() == false; ++Pkg)
	 if (Pkg.State() == pkgCache::PkgIterator::NeedsConfigure && alreadyConfigured.insert(Pkg->ID).second == true)
	    AppendList.emplace_back(Item::Configure, Pkg);
      std::move(AppendList.begin(), AppendList.end(), std::back_inserter(List));
   }
   return true;
}
bool pkgDPkgPM::Go(APT::Progress::PackageManager *progress)
{
   // explicitely remove&configure everything for hookscripts and progress building
   // we need them only temporarily through, so keep the length and erase afterwards
   decltype(List)::const_iterator::difference_type explicitIdx =
      std::distance(List.cbegin(), List.cend());
   ExpandPendingCalls(List, Cache);

   auto const StripAlreadyDoneFromPending = [&](APT::VersionVector & Pending) {
      Pending.erase(std::remove_if(Pending.begin(), Pending.end(), [&](pkgCache::VerIterator const &Ver) {
	    auto const PN = Ver.ParentPkg().FullName();
	    return PackageOps[PN].size() <= PackageOpsDone[PN];
	 }), Pending.end());
   };

   pkgPackageManager::SigINTStop = false;
   d->progress = progress;

   // Generate the base argument list for dpkg
   std::vector<std::string> const sArgs = debSystem::GetDpkgBaseCommand();
   std::vector<const char *> Args(sArgs.size(), NULL);
   std::transform(sArgs.begin(), sArgs.end(), Args.begin(),
	 [](std::string const &s) { return s.c_str(); });
   unsigned long long const StartSize = std::accumulate(sArgs.begin(), sArgs.end(), 0llu,
	 [](unsigned long long const i, std::string const &s) { return i + s.length(); });
   size_t const BaseArgs = Args.size();

   fd_set rfds;
   struct timespec tv;

   // try to figure out the max environment size
   int OSArgMax = sysconf(_SC_ARG_MAX);
   if(OSArgMax < 0)
      OSArgMax = 32*1024;
   OSArgMax -= EnvironmentSize() - 2*1024;
   unsigned int const MaxArgBytes = _config->FindI("Dpkg::MaxArgBytes", OSArgMax);
   bool const NoTriggers = _config->FindB("DPkg::NoTriggers", true);

   if (RunScripts("DPkg::Pre-Invoke") == false)
      return false;

   if (RunScriptsWithPkgs("DPkg::Pre-Install-Pkgs") == false)
      return false;

   auto const noopDPkgInvocation = _config->FindB("Debug::pkgDPkgPM",false);
   // store auto-bits as they are supposed to be after dpkg is run
   if (noopDPkgInvocation == false)
      Cache.writeStateFile(NULL);

   bool dpkg_recursive_install = _config->FindB("dpkg::install::recursive", false);
   if (_config->FindB("dpkg::install::recursive::force", false) == false)
   {
      // dpkg uses a sorted treewalk since that version which enables the workaround to work
      auto const dpkgpkg = Cache.FindPkg("dpkg");
      if (likely(dpkgpkg.end() == false && dpkgpkg->CurrentVer != 0))
	 dpkg_recursive_install = Cache.VS().CmpVersion("1.18.5", dpkgpkg.CurrentVer().VerStr()) <= 0;
   }
   // no point in doing this dance for a handful of packages only
   unsigned int const dpkg_recursive_install_min = _config->FindB("dpkg::install::recursive::minimum", 5);
   // FIXME: workaround for dpkg bug, see our ./test-bug-740843-versioned-up-down-breaks test
   bool const dpkg_recursive_install_numbered = _config->FindB("dpkg::install::recursive::numbered", true);

   // for the progress
   BuildPackagesProgressMap();

   APT::StateChanges approvedStates;
   if (_config->FindB("dpkg::selection::remove::approved", true))
   {
      for (auto && I : List)
	 if (I.Op == Item::Purge)
	    approvedStates.Purge(FindToBeRemovedVersion(I.Pkg));
	 else if (I.Op == Item::Remove)
	    approvedStates.Remove(FindToBeRemovedVersion(I.Pkg));
   }

   // Skip removes if we install another architecture of this package soon (crossgrade)
   // We can't just skip them all the time as it could be an ordering requirement [of another package]
   if ((approvedStates.Remove().empty() == false || approvedStates.Purge().empty() == false) &&
	 _config->FindB("dpkg::remove::crossgrade::implicit", true) == true)
   {
      std::unordered_set<decltype(pkgCache::Package::ID)> crossgraded;
      std::vector<std::pair<Item*, std::string>> toCrossgrade;
      auto const PlanedEnd = std::next(List.begin(), explicitIdx);
      for (auto I = List.begin(); I != PlanedEnd; ++I)
      {
	 if (I->Op != Item::Remove && I->Op != Item::Purge)
	    continue;

	 auto const Grp = I->Pkg.Group();
	 size_t installedInstances = 0;
	 for (auto Pkg = Grp.PackageList(); Pkg.end() == false; Pkg = Grp.NextPkg(Pkg))
	    if (Pkg->CurrentVer != 0 || Cache[Pkg].Install())
	       ++installedInstances;
	 if (installedInstances == 2)
	 {
	    auto const FirstInstall = std::find_if_not(I, List.end(),
		  [](Item const &i) { return i.Op == Item::Remove || i.Op == Item::Purge; });
	    auto const LastInstall = std::find_if_not(FirstInstall, List.end(),
		  [](Item const &i) { return i.Op == Item::Install; });
	    auto const crosser = std::find_if(FirstInstall, LastInstall,
		  [&I](Item const &i) { return i.Pkg->Group == I->Pkg->Group; });
	    if (crosser != LastInstall)
	    {
	       crossgraded.insert(I->Pkg->ID);
	       toCrossgrade.emplace_back(&(*I), crosser->Pkg.FullName());
	    }
	 }
      }
      for (auto I = PlanedEnd; I != List.end(); ++I)
      {
	 if (I->Op != Item::Remove && I->Op != Item::Purge)
	    continue;

	 auto const Grp = I->Pkg.Group();
	 for (auto Pkg = Grp.PackageList(); Pkg.end() == false; Pkg = Grp.NextPkg(Pkg))
	 {
	    if (Pkg == I->Pkg || Cache[Pkg].Install() == false)
	       continue;
	    toCrossgrade.emplace_back(&(*I), Pkg.FullName());
	    break;
	 }
      }
      for (auto C : toCrossgrade)
      {
	 // we never do purges on packages which are crossgraded, even if "requested"
	 if (C.first->Op == Item::Purge)
	 {
	    C.first->Op = Item::Remove; // crossgrades should never be purged
	    auto && Purges = approvedStates.Purge();
	    auto const Ver = std::find_if(
#if __GNUC__ >= 5 || (__GNUC_MINOR__ >= 9 && __GNUC__ >= 4)
	       Purges.cbegin(), Purges.cend(),
#else
	       Purges.begin(), Purges.end(),
#endif
	       [&C](pkgCache::VerIterator const &V) { return V.ParentPkg() == C.first->Pkg; });
	    approvedStates.Remove(*Ver);
	    Purges.erase(Ver);
	    auto && RemOp = PackageOps[C.first->Pkg.FullName()];
	    if (RemOp.size() == 5)
	    {
	       RemOp.erase(std::next(RemOp.begin(), 3), RemOp.end());
	       PackagesTotal -= 2;
	    }
	    else
	    _error->Warning("Unexpected amount of planned ops for package %s: %lu", C.first->Pkg.FullName().c_str(), RemOp.size());
	 }
      }
      if (crossgraded.empty() == false)
      {
	 auto const oldsize = List.size();
	 List.erase(std::remove_if(List.begin(), PlanedEnd,
	       [&crossgraded](Item const &i){
		  return (i.Op == Item::Remove || i.Op == Item::Purge) &&
		     crossgraded.find(i.Pkg->ID) != crossgraded.end();
	       }), PlanedEnd);
	 explicitIdx -= (oldsize - List.size());
      }
   }

   APT::StateChanges currentStates;
   if (_config->FindB("dpkg::selection::current::saveandrestore", true))
   {
      for (auto Pkg = Cache.PkgBegin(); Pkg.end() == false; ++Pkg)
	 if (Pkg->CurrentVer == 0)
	    continue;
	 else if (Pkg->SelectedState == pkgCache::State::Purge)
	    currentStates.Purge(FindToBeRemovedVersion(Pkg));
	 else if (Pkg->SelectedState == pkgCache::State::DeInstall)
	    currentStates.Remove(FindToBeRemovedVersion(Pkg));
      if (currentStates.empty() == false)
      {
	 APT::StateChanges cleanStates;
	 for (auto && P: currentStates.Remove())
	    cleanStates.Install(P);
	 for (auto && P: currentStates.Purge())
	    cleanStates.Install(P);
	 if (cleanStates.Save(false) == false)
	    return _error->Error("Couldn't clean the currently selected dpkg states");
      }
   }

   if (_config->FindB("dpkg::selection::remove::approved", true))
   {
      if (approvedStates.Save(false) == false)
      {
	 _error->Error("Couldn't record the approved state changes as dpkg selection states");
	 if (currentStates.Save(false) == false)
	    _error->Error("Couldn't restore dpkg selection states which were present before this interaction!");
	 return false;
      }

      List.erase(std::next(List.begin(), explicitIdx), List.end());

      std::vector<bool> toBeRemoved(Cache.Head().PackageCount, false);
      for (auto && I: approvedStates.Remove())
	 toBeRemoved[I.ParentPkg()->ID] = true;
      for (auto && I: approvedStates.Purge())
	 toBeRemoved[I.ParentPkg()->ID] = true;

      for (auto && I: List)
	 if (I.Op == Item::Remove || I.Op == Item::Purge)
	    toBeRemoved[I.Pkg->ID] = false;

      bool const RemovePending = std::find(toBeRemoved.begin(), toBeRemoved.end(), true) != toBeRemoved.end();
      bool const PurgePending = approvedStates.Purge().empty() == false;
      if (RemovePending != false || PurgePending != false)
	 List.emplace_back(Item::ConfigurePending, pkgCache::PkgIterator());
      if (RemovePending)
	 List.emplace_back(Item::RemovePending, pkgCache::PkgIterator());
      if (PurgePending)
	 List.emplace_back(Item::PurgePending, pkgCache::PkgIterator());

      // support subpressing of triggers processing for special
      // cases like d-i that runs the triggers handling manually
      if (_config->FindB("DPkg::ConfigurePending", true))
	 List.emplace_back(Item::ConfigurePending, pkgCache::PkgIterator());
   }
   bool const TriggersPending = _config->FindB("DPkg::TriggersPending", false);

   d->stdin_is_dev_null = false;

   // create log
   OpenLog();

   bool dpkgMultiArch = debSystem::SupportsMultiArch();

   // start pty magic before the loop
   StartPtyMagic();

   // Tell the progress that its starting and fork dpkg
   d->progress->Start(d->master);

   // this loop is runs once per dpkg operation
   vector<Item>::const_iterator I = List.cbegin();
   while (I != List.end())
   {
      // Do all actions with the same Op in one run
      vector<Item>::const_iterator J = I;
      if (TriggersPending == true)
	 for (; J != List.end(); ++J)
	 {
	    if (J->Op == I->Op)
	       continue;
	    if (J->Op != Item::TriggersPending)
	       break;
	    vector<Item>::const_iterator T = J + 1;
	    if (T != List.end() && T->Op == I->Op)
	       continue;
	    break;
	 }
      else if (J->Op == Item::Remove || J->Op == Item::Purge)
	 J = std::find_if(J, List.cend(), [](Item const &I) { return I.Op != Item::Remove && I.Op != Item::Purge; });
      else
	 J = std::find_if(J, List.cend(), [&J](Item const &I) { return I.Op != J->Op; });

      auto const size = (J - I) + 10;

      // start with the baseset of arguments
      auto Size = StartSize;
      Args.erase(Args.begin() + BaseArgs, Args.end());
      Args.reserve(size);
      // keep track of allocated strings for multiarch package names
      std::vector<char *> Packages(size, nullptr);

      int fd[2];
      if (pipe(fd) != 0)
	 return _error->Errno("pipe","Failed to create IPC pipe to dpkg");

#define ADDARG(X) Args.push_back(X); Size += strlen(X)
#define ADDARGC(X) Args.push_back(X); Size += sizeof(X) - 1

      ADDARGC("--status-fd");
      char status_fd_buf[20];
      snprintf(status_fd_buf,sizeof(status_fd_buf),"%i", fd[1]);
      ADDARG(status_fd_buf);
      unsigned long const Op = I->Op;

      if (NoTriggers == true && I->Op != Item::TriggersPending &&
	  (I->Op != Item::ConfigurePending || std::next(I) != List.end()))
      {
	 ADDARGC("--no-triggers");
      }

      switch (I->Op)
      {
	 case Item::Remove:
	 case Item::Purge:
	 ADDARGC("--force-depends");
	 if (std::any_of(I, J, ItemIsEssential))
	    ADDARGC("--force-remove-essential");
	 ADDARGC("--remove");
	 break;

	 case Item::Configure:
	 ADDARGC("--configure");
	 break;

	 case Item::ConfigurePending:
	 ADDARGC("--configure");
	 ADDARGC("--pending");
	 break;

	 case Item::TriggersPending:
	 ADDARGC("--triggers-only");
	 ADDARGC("--pending");
	 break;

	 case Item::RemovePending:
	 ADDARGC("--remove");
	 ADDARGC("--pending");
	 break;

	 case Item::PurgePending:
	 ADDARGC("--purge");
	 ADDARGC("--pending");
	 break;

	 case Item::Install:
	 ADDARGC("--unpack");
	 ADDARGC("--auto-deconfigure");
	 break;
      }

      char * tmpdir_to_free = nullptr;

      // Write in the file or package names
      if (I->Op == Item::Install)
      {
	 auto const installsToDo = J - I;
	 if (dpkg_recursive_install == true && dpkg_recursive_install_min < installsToDo)
	 {
	    std::string tmpdir;
	    strprintf(tmpdir, "%s/apt-dpkg-install-XXXXXX", GetTempDir().c_str());
	    tmpdir_to_free = strndup(tmpdir.data(), tmpdir.length());
	    if (mkdtemp(tmpdir_to_free) == nullptr)
	       return _error->Errno("DPkg::Go", "mkdtemp of %s failed in preparation of calling dpkg unpack", tmpdir_to_free);

	    char p = 1;
	    for (auto c = installsToDo - 1; (c = c/10) != 0; ++p);
	    for (unsigned long n = 0; I != J; ++n, ++I)
	    {
	       if (I->File[0] != '/')
		  return _error->Error("Internal Error, Pathname to install is not absolute '%s'",I->File.c_str());
	       auto const file = flNotDir(I->File);
	       std::string linkpath;
	       if (dpkg_recursive_install_numbered)
		  strprintf(linkpath, "%s/%.*lu-%s", tmpdir_to_free, p, n, file.c_str());
	       else
		  strprintf(linkpath, "%s/%s", tmpdir_to_free, file.c_str());
	       if (symlink(I->File.c_str(), linkpath.c_str()) != 0)
		  return _error->Errno("DPkg::Go", "Symlinking %s to %s failed!", I->File.c_str(), linkpath.c_str());
	    }
	    ADDARGC("--recursive");
	    ADDARG(tmpdir_to_free);
	 }
	 else
	 {
	    for (;I != J && Size < MaxArgBytes; ++I)
	    {
	       if (I->File[0] != '/')
		  return _error->Error("Internal Error, Pathname to install is not absolute '%s'",I->File.c_str());
	       Args.push_back(I->File.c_str());
	       Size += I->File.length();
	    }
	 }
      }
      else if (I->Op == Item::RemovePending)
      {
	 ++I;
	 StripAlreadyDoneFromPending(approvedStates.Remove());
	 if (approvedStates.Remove().empty())
	    continue;
      }
      else if (I->Op == Item::PurgePending)
      {
	 ++I;
	 // explicit removes of packages without conffiles passthrough the purge states instantly, too.
	 // Setting these non-installed packages up for purging generates 'unknown pkg' warnings from dpkg
	 StripAlreadyDoneFromPending(approvedStates.Purge());
	 if (approvedStates.Purge().empty())
	    continue;
	 std::remove_reference<decltype(approvedStates.Remove())>::type approvedRemoves;
	 std::swap(approvedRemoves, approvedStates.Remove());
	 // we apply it again here as an explicit remove in the ordering will have cleared the purge state
	 if (approvedStates.Save(false) == false)
	 {
	    _error->Error("Couldn't record the approved purges as dpkg selection states");
	    if (currentStates.Save(false) == false)
	       _error->Error("Couldn't restore dpkg selection states which were present before this interaction!");
	    return false;
	 }
	 std::swap(approvedRemoves, approvedStates.Remove());
      }
      else
      {
	 string const nativeArch = _config->Find("APT::Architecture");
	 unsigned long const oldSize = I->Pkg.end() == false ? Size : 0;
	 for (;I != J && Size < MaxArgBytes; ++I)
	 {
	    if((*I).Pkg.end() == true)
	       continue;
	    if (I->Op == Item::Configure && disappearedPkgs.find(I->Pkg.FullName(true)) != disappearedPkgs.end())
	       continue;
	    // We keep this here to allow "smooth" transitions from e.g. multiarch dpkg/ubuntu to dpkg/debian
	    if (dpkgMultiArch == false && (I->Pkg.Arch() == nativeArch ||
					   strcmp(I->Pkg.Arch(), "all") == 0 ||
					   strcmp(I->Pkg.Arch(), "none") == 0))
	    {
	       char const * const name = I->Pkg.Name();
	       ADDARG(name);
	    }
	    else
	    {
	       pkgCache::VerIterator PkgVer;
	       std::string name = I->Pkg.Name();
	       if (Op == Item::Remove)
		  PkgVer = I->Pkg.CurrentVer();
	       else if (Op == Item::Purge)
	       {
		  // we purge later with --purge --pending, so if it isn't installed (aka rc-only), skip it here
		  PkgVer = I->Pkg.CurrentVer();
		  if (PkgVer.end() == true)
		     continue;
	       }
	       else
		  PkgVer = Cache[I->Pkg].InstVerIter(Cache);
	       if (strcmp(I->Pkg.Arch(), "none") == 0)
		  ; // never arch-qualify a package without an arch
	       else if (PkgVer.end() == false)
                  name.append(":").append(PkgVer.Arch());
               else
                  _error->Warning("Can not find PkgVer for '%s'", name.c_str());
	       char * const fullname = strdup(name.c_str());
	       Packages.push_back(fullname);
	       ADDARG(fullname);
	    }
	 }
	 // skip configure action if all sheduled packages disappeared
	 if (oldSize == Size)
	    continue;
      }
#undef ADDARGC
#undef ADDARG

      J = I;

      if (noopDPkgInvocation == true)
      {
	 for (std::vector<const char *>::const_iterator a = Args.begin();
	      a != Args.end(); ++a)
	    clog << *a << ' ';
	 clog << endl;
	 for (std::vector<char *>::const_iterator p = Packages.begin();
	       p != Packages.end(); ++p)
	    free(*p);
	 Packages.clear();
	 close(fd[0]);
	 close(fd[1]);
	 cleanUpTmpDir(tmpdir_to_free);
	 continue;
      }
      Args.push_back(NULL);

      cout << flush;
      clog << flush;
      cerr << flush;

      /* Mask off sig int/quit. We do this because dpkg also does when
         it forks scripts. What happens is that when you hit ctrl-c it sends
	 it to all processes in the group. Since dpkg ignores the signal
	 it doesn't die but we do! So we must also ignore it */
      sighandler_t old_SIGQUIT = signal(SIGQUIT,SIG_IGN);
      sighandler_t old_SIGINT = signal(SIGINT,SigINT);

      // Check here for any SIGINT
      if (pkgPackageManager::SigINTStop && (Op == Item::Remove || Op == Item::Purge || Op == Item::Install))
         break;

      // ignore SIGHUP as well (debian #463030)
      sighandler_t old_SIGHUP = signal(SIGHUP,SIG_IGN);

      // now run dpkg
      d->progress->StartDpkg();
      std::set<int> KeepFDs;
      KeepFDs.insert(fd[1]);
      MergeKeepFdsFromConfiguration(KeepFDs);
      pid_t Child = ExecFork(KeepFDs);
      if (Child == 0)
      {
	 // This is the child
	 SetupSlavePtyMagic();
	 close(fd[0]); // close the read end of the pipe

	 debSystem::DpkgChrootDirectory();

	 if (chdir(_config->FindDir("DPkg::Run-Directory","/").c_str()) != 0)
	    _exit(100);

	 if (_config->FindB("DPkg::FlushSTDIN",true) == true && isatty(STDIN_FILENO))
	 {
	    int Flags;
            int dummy = 0;
	    if ((Flags = fcntl(STDIN_FILENO,F_GETFL,dummy)) < 0)
	       _exit(100);

	    // Discard everything in stdin before forking dpkg
	    if (fcntl(STDIN_FILENO,F_SETFL,Flags | O_NONBLOCK) < 0)
	       _exit(100);

	    while (read(STDIN_FILENO,&dummy,1) == 1);

	    if (fcntl(STDIN_FILENO,F_SETFL,Flags & (~(long)O_NONBLOCK)) < 0)
	       _exit(100);
	 }

	 // if color support isn't enabled/disabled explicitly tell
	 // dpkg to use the same state apt is using for its color support
	 if (_config->FindB("APT::Color", false) == true)
	    setenv("DPKG_COLORS", "always", 0);
	 else
	    setenv("DPKG_COLORS", "never", 0);

	 execvp(Args[0], (char**) &Args[0]);
	 cerr << "Could not exec dpkg!" << endl;
	 _exit(100);
      }

      // we read from dpkg here
      int const _dpkgin = fd[0];
      close(fd[1]);                        // close the write end of the pipe

      // apply ionice
      if (_config->FindB("DPkg::UseIoNice", false) == true)
	 ionice(Child);

      // setups fds
      sigemptyset(&d->sigmask);
      sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK,&d->sigmask,&d->original_sigmask);

      /* free vectors (and therefore memory) as we don't need the included data anymore */
      for (std::vector<char *>::const_iterator p = Packages.begin();
	   p != Packages.end(); ++p)
	 free(*p);
      Packages.clear();

      // the result of the waitpid call
      int Status = 0;
      int res;
      bool waitpid_failure = false;
      while ((res=waitpid(Child,&Status, WNOHANG)) != Child) {
	 if(res < 0) {
	    // error handling, waitpid returned -1
	    if (errno == EINTR)
	       continue;
	    waitpid_failure = true;
	    break;
	 }

	 // wait for input or output here
	 FD_ZERO(&rfds);
	 if (d->master >= 0 && d->direct_stdin == false && d->stdin_is_dev_null == false)
	    FD_SET(STDIN_FILENO, &rfds);
	 FD_SET(_dpkgin, &rfds);
	 if(d->master >= 0)
	    FD_SET(d->master, &rfds);
         tv.tv_sec = 0;
         tv.tv_nsec = d->progress->GetPulseInterval();
	 auto const select_ret = pselect(max(d->master, _dpkgin)+1, &rfds, NULL, NULL,
			      &tv, &d->original_sigmask);
         d->progress->Pulse();
	 if (select_ret == 0)
	    continue;
	 else if (select_ret < 0 && errno == EINTR)
	    continue;
	 else if (select_ret < 0)
	 {
	    perror("select() returned error");
	    continue;
	 }

	 if(d->master >= 0 && FD_ISSET(d->master, &rfds))
	    DoTerminalPty(d->master);
	 if(d->master >= 0 && FD_ISSET(0, &rfds))
	    DoStdin(d->master);
	 if(FD_ISSET(_dpkgin, &rfds))
	    DoDpkgStatusFd(_dpkgin);
      }
      close(_dpkgin);

      // Restore sig int/quit
      signal(SIGQUIT,old_SIGQUIT);
      signal(SIGINT,old_SIGINT);
      signal(SIGHUP,old_SIGHUP);

      cleanUpTmpDir(tmpdir_to_free);

      if (waitpid_failure == true)
      {
	 strprintf(d->dpkg_error, "Sub-process %s couldn't be waited for.",Args[0]);
	 _error->Error("%s", d->dpkg_error.c_str());
	 break;
      }

      // Check for an error code.
      if (WIFEXITED(Status) == 0 || WEXITSTATUS(Status) != 0)
      {
	 // if it was set to "keep-dpkg-running" then we won't return
	 // here but keep the loop going and just report it as a error
	 // for later
	 bool const stopOnError = _config->FindB("Dpkg::StopOnError",true);

	 if (WIFSIGNALED(Status) != 0 && WTERMSIG(Status) == SIGSEGV)
	    strprintf(d->dpkg_error, "Sub-process %s received a segmentation fault.",Args[0]);
	 else if (WIFEXITED(Status) != 0)
	    strprintf(d->dpkg_error, "Sub-process %s returned an error code (%u)",Args[0],WEXITSTATUS(Status));
	 else
	    strprintf(d->dpkg_error, "Sub-process %s exited unexpectedly",Args[0]);
	 _error->Error("%s", d->dpkg_error.c_str());

	 if(stopOnError)
	    break;
      }
   }
   // dpkg is done at this point
   StopPtyMagic();
   CloseLog();

   if (d->dpkg_error.empty() == false)
   {
      // no point in reseting packages we already completed removal for
      StripAlreadyDoneFromPending(approvedStates.Remove());
      StripAlreadyDoneFromPending(approvedStates.Purge());
      APT::StateChanges undo;
      auto && undoRem = approvedStates.Remove();
      std::move(undoRem.begin(), undoRem.end(), std::back_inserter(undo.Install()));
      auto && undoPur = approvedStates.Purge();
      std::move(undoPur.begin(), undoPur.end(), std::back_inserter(undo.Install()));
      approvedStates.clear();
      if (undo.Save(false) == false)
	 _error->Error("Couldn't revert dpkg selection for approved remove/purge after an error was encountered!");
   }
   if (currentStates.Save(false) == false)
      _error->Error("Couldn't restore dpkg selection states which were present before this interaction!");

   if (pkgPackageManager::SigINTStop)
       _error->Warning(_("Operation was interrupted before it could finish"));

   if (noopDPkgInvocation == false)
   {
      std::string const oldpkgcache = _config->FindFile("Dir::cache::pkgcache");
      if (oldpkgcache.empty() == false && RealFileExists(oldpkgcache) == true &&
	  RemoveFile("pkgDPkgPM::Go", oldpkgcache))
      {
	 std::string const srcpkgcache = _config->FindFile("Dir::cache::srcpkgcache");
	 if (srcpkgcache.empty() == false && RealFileExists(srcpkgcache) == true)
	 {
	    _error->PushToStack();
	    pkgCacheFile CacheFile;
	    CacheFile.BuildCaches(NULL, true);
	    _error->RevertToStack();
	 }
      }
   }

   // disappearing packages can forward their auto-bit
   if (disappearedPkgs.empty() == false)
      Cache.writeStateFile(NULL);

   d->progress->Stop();

   if (RunScripts("DPkg::Post-Invoke") == false)
      return false;

   return d->dpkg_error.empty();
}

void SigINT(int /*sig*/) {
   pkgPackageManager::SigINTStop = true;
}
									/*}}}*/
// pkgDpkgPM::Reset - Dump the contents of the command list		/*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/* */
void pkgDPkgPM::Reset()
{
   List.erase(List.begin(),List.end());
}
									/*}}}*/
// pkgDpkgPM::WriteApportReport - write out error report pkg failure	/*{{{*/
// ---------------------------------------------------------------------
/* */
void pkgDPkgPM::WriteApportReport(const char *pkgpath, const char *errormsg)
{
   // If apport doesn't exist or isn't installed do nothing
   // This e.g. prevents messages in 'universes' without apport
   pkgCache::PkgIterator apportPkg = Cache.FindPkg("apport");
   if (apportPkg.end() == true || apportPkg->CurrentVer == 0)
      return;

   string pkgname, reportfile, pkgver, arch;
   string::size_type pos;
   FILE *report;

   if (_config->FindB("Dpkg::ApportFailureReport", true) == false)
   {
      std::clog << "configured to not write apport reports" << std::endl;
      return;
   }

   // only report the first errors
   if(pkgFailures > _config->FindI("APT::Apport::MaxReports", 3))
   {
      std::clog << _("No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already") << std::endl;
      return;
   }

   // check if its not a follow up error
   const char *needle = dgettext("dpkg", "dependency problems - leaving unconfigured");
   if(strstr(errormsg, needle) != NULL) {
      std::clog << _("No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.") << std::endl;
      return;
   }

   // do not report disk-full failures
   if(strstr(errormsg, strerror(ENOSPC)) != NULL) {
      std::clog << _("No apport report written because the error message indicates a disk full error") << std::endl;
      return;
   }

   // do not report out-of-memory failures
   if(strstr(errormsg, strerror(ENOMEM)) != NULL ||
      strstr(errormsg, "failed to allocate memory") != NULL) {
      std::clog << _("No apport report written because the error message indicates a out of memory error") << std::endl;
      return;
   }

   // do not report bugs regarding inaccessible local files
   if(strstr(errormsg, strerror(ENOENT)) != NULL ||
      strstr(errormsg, "cannot access archive") != NULL) {
      std::clog << _("No apport report written because the error message indicates an issue on the local system") << std::endl;
      return;
   }

   // do not report errors encountered when decompressing packages
   if(strstr(errormsg, "--fsys-tarfile returned error exit status 2") != NULL) {
      std::clog << _("No apport report written because the error message indicates an issue on the local system") << std::endl;
      return;
   }

   // do not report dpkg I/O errors, this is a format string, so we compare
   // the prefix and the suffix of the error with the dpkg error message
   vector<string> io_errors;
   io_errors.push_back(string("failed to read"));
   io_errors.push_back(string("failed to write"));
   io_errors.push_back(string("failed to seek"));
   io_errors.push_back(string("unexpected end of file or stream"));

   for (vector<string>::iterator I = io_errors.begin(); I != io_errors.end(); ++I)
   {
      vector<string> list = VectorizeString(dgettext("dpkg", (*I).c_str()), '%');
      if (list.size() > 1) {
         // we need to split %s, VectorizeString only allows char so we need
         // to kill the "s" manually
         if (list[1].size() > 1) {
            list[1].erase(0, 1);
            if(strstr(errormsg, list[0].c_str()) &&
               strstr(errormsg, list[1].c_str())) {
               std::clog << _("No apport report written because the error message indicates a dpkg I/O error") << std::endl;
               return;
            }
         }
      }
   }

   // get the pkgname and reportfile
   pkgname = flNotDir(pkgpath);
   pos = pkgname.find('_');
   if(pos != string::npos)
      pkgname = pkgname.substr(0, pos);

   // find the package version and source package name
   pkgCache::PkgIterator Pkg = Cache.FindPkg(pkgname);
   if (Pkg.end() == true)
   {
      if (pos == std::string::npos || _config->FindB("dpkg::install::recursive::numbered", true) == false)
	 return;
      auto const dash = pkgname.find_first_not_of("0123456789");
      if (dash == std::string::npos || pkgname[dash] != '-')
	 return;
      pkgname.erase(0, dash + 1);
      Pkg = Cache.FindPkg(pkgname);
      if (Pkg.end() == true)
	 return;
   }
   pkgCache::VerIterator Ver = Cache.GetCandidateVersion(Pkg);
   if (Ver.end() == true)
      return;
   pkgver = Ver.VerStr() == NULL ? "unknown" : Ver.VerStr();

   // if the file exists already, we check:
   // - if it was reported already (touched by apport). 
   //   If not, we do nothing, otherwise
   //    we overwrite it. This is the same behaviour as apport
   // - if we have a report with the same pkgversion already
   //   then we skip it
   _config->CndSet("Dir::Apport", "var/crash");
   reportfile = flCombine(_config->FindDir("Dir::Apport", "var/crash"), pkgname+".0.crash");
   if(FileExists(reportfile))
   {
      struct stat buf;
      char strbuf[255];

      // check atime/mtime
      stat(reportfile.c_str(), &buf);
      if(buf.st_mtime > buf.st_atime)
	 return;

      // check if the existing report is the same version
      report = fopen(reportfile.c_str(),"r");
      while(fgets(strbuf, sizeof(strbuf), report) != NULL)
      {
	 if(strstr(strbuf,"Package:") == strbuf)
	 {
	    char pkgname[255], version[255];
	    if(sscanf(strbuf, "Package: %254s %254s", pkgname, version) == 2)
	       if(strcmp(pkgver.c_str(), version) == 0)
	       {
		  fclose(report);
		  return;
	       }
	 }
      }
      fclose(report);
   }

   // now write the report
   arch = _config->Find("APT::Architecture");
   report = fopen(reportfile.c_str(),"w");
   if(report == NULL)
      return;
   if(_config->FindB("DPkgPM::InitialReportOnly",false) == true)
      chmod(reportfile.c_str(), 0);
   else
      chmod(reportfile.c_str(), 0600);
   fprintf(report, "ProblemType: Package\n");
   fprintf(report, "Architecture: %s\n", arch.c_str());
   time_t now = time(NULL);
   char ctime_buf[26];	// need at least 26 bytes according to ctime(3)
   fprintf(report, "Date: %s" , ctime_r(&now, ctime_buf));
   fprintf(report, "Package: %s %s\n", pkgname.c_str(), pkgver.c_str());
   fprintf(report, "SourcePackage: %s\n", Ver.SourcePkgName());
   fprintf(report, "ErrorMessage:\n %s\n", errormsg);

   // ensure that the log is flushed
   if(d->term_out)
      fflush(d->term_out);

   // attach terminal log it if we have it
   string logfile_name = _config->FindFile("Dir::Log::Terminal");
   if (!logfile_name.empty())
   {
      FILE *log = NULL;

      fprintf(report, "DpkgTerminalLog:\n");
      log = fopen(logfile_name.c_str(),"r");
      if(log != NULL)
      {
	 char buf[1024];
	 while( fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), log) != NULL)
	    fprintf(report, " %s", buf);
         fprintf(report, " \n");
	 fclose(log);
      }
   }

   // attach history log it if we have it
   string histfile_name = _config->FindFile("Dir::Log::History");
   if (!histfile_name.empty())
   {
      fprintf(report, "DpkgHistoryLog:\n");
      FILE* log = fopen(histfile_name.c_str(),"r");
      if(log != NULL)
      {
	 char buf[1024];
	 while( fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), log) != NULL)
	    fprintf(report, " %s", buf);
	 fclose(log);
      }
   }

   // log the ordering, see dpkgpm.h and the "Ops" enum there
   fprintf(report, "AptOrdering:\n");
   for (auto && I : List)
   {
      char const * opstr = nullptr;
      switch (I.Op)
      {
	 case Item::Install: opstr = "Install"; break;
	 case Item::Configure: opstr = "Configure"; break;
	 case Item::Remove: opstr = "Remove"; break;
	 case Item::Purge: opstr = "Purge"; break;
	 case Item::ConfigurePending: opstr = "ConfigurePending"; break;
	 case Item::TriggersPending: opstr = "TriggersPending"; break;
	 case Item::RemovePending: opstr = "RemovePending"; break;
	 case Item::PurgePending: opstr = "PurgePending"; break;
      }
      auto const pkgname = I.Pkg.end() ? "NULL" : I.Pkg.FullName();
      fprintf(report, " %s: %s\n", pkgname.c_str(), opstr);
   }

   // attach dmesg log (to learn about segfaults)
   if (FileExists("/bin/dmesg"))
   {
      fprintf(report, "Dmesg:\n");
      FILE *log = popen("/bin/dmesg","r");
      if(log != NULL)
      {
	 char buf[1024];
	 while( fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), log) != NULL)
	    fprintf(report, " %s", buf);
	 pclose(log);
      }
   }

   // attach df -l log (to learn about filesystem status)
   if (FileExists("/bin/df"))
   {

      fprintf(report, "Df:\n");
      FILE *log = popen("/bin/df -l","r");
      if(log != NULL)
      {
	 char buf[1024];
	 while( fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), log) != NULL)
	    fprintf(report, " %s", buf);
	 pclose(log);
      }
   }

   fclose(report);

}
									/*}}}*/