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+/*
+ 
+ File: Reachability.m
+ Abstract: Basic demonstration of how to use the SystemConfiguration Reachablity APIs.
+ 
+ Version: 2.2
+ 
+ Disclaimer: IMPORTANT:  This Apple software is supplied to you by Apple Inc.
+ ("Apple") in consideration of your agreement to the following terms, and your
+ use, installation, modification or redistribution of this Apple software
+ constitutes acceptance of these terms.  If you do not agree with these terms,
+ please do not use, install, modify or redistribute this Apple software.
+ 
+ In consideration of your agreement to abide by the following terms, and subject
+ to these terms, Apple grants you a personal, non-exclusive license, under
+ Apple's copyrights in this original Apple software (the "Apple Software"), to
+ use, reproduce, modify and redistribute the Apple Software, with or without
+ modifications, in source and/or binary forms; provided that if you redistribute
+ the Apple Software in its entirety and without modifications, you must retain
+ this notice and the following text and disclaimers in all such redistributions
+ of the Apple Software.
+ Neither the name, trademarks, service marks or logos of Apple Inc. may be used
+ to endorse or promote products derived from the Apple Software without specific
+ prior written permission from Apple.  Except as expressly stated in this notice,
+ no other rights or licenses, express or implied, are granted by Apple herein,
+ including but not limited to any patent rights that may be infringed by your
+ derivative works or by other works in which the Apple Software may be
+ incorporated.
+ 
+ The Apple Software is provided by Apple on an "AS IS" basis.  APPLE MAKES NO
+ WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED
+ WARRANTIES OF NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
+ PURPOSE, REGARDING THE APPLE SOFTWARE OR ITS USE AND OPERATION ALONE OR IN
+ COMBINATION WITH YOUR PRODUCTS.
+ 
+ IN NO EVENT SHALL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR
+ CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
+ GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
+ ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE, REPRODUCTION, MODIFICATION AND/OR
+ DISTRIBUTION OF THE APPLE SOFTWARE, HOWEVER CAUSED AND WHETHER UNDER THEORY OF
+ CONTRACT, TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), STRICT LIABILITY OR OTHERWISE, EVEN IF
+ APPLE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ 
+ Copyright (C) 2010 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+ 
+*/
+
+#import <sys/socket.h>
+#import <netinet/in.h>
+#import <netinet6/in6.h>
+#import <arpa/inet.h>
+#import <ifaddrs.h>
+#import <netdb.h>
+
+#import <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
+
+#import "Reachability.h"
+
+#define kShouldPrintReachabilityFlags 1
+
+static void PrintReachabilityFlags(SCNetworkReachabilityFlags    flags, const char* comment)
+{
+#if kShouldPrintReachabilityFlags
+	
+    NSLog(@"Reachability Flag Status: %c%c %c%c%c%c%c%c%c %s\n",
+			(flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsIsWWAN)				  ? 'W' : '-',
+			(flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsReachable)            ? 'R' : '-',
+			
+			(flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsTransientConnection)  ? 't' : '-',
+			(flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionRequired)   ? 'c' : '-',
+			(flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionOnTraffic)  ? 'C' : '-',
+			(flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsInterventionRequired) ? 'i' : '-',
+			(flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionOnDemand)   ? 'D' : '-',
+			(flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsIsLocalAddress)       ? 'l' : '-',
+			(flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsIsDirect)             ? 'd' : '-',
+			comment
+			);
+#endif
+}
+
+
+@implementation Reachability
+static void ReachabilityCallback(SCNetworkReachabilityRef target, SCNetworkReachabilityFlags flags, void* info)
+{
+	#pragma unused (target, flags)
+	NSCAssert(info != NULL, @"info was NULL in ReachabilityCallback");
+	NSCAssert([(NSObject*) info isKindOfClass: [Reachability class]], @"info was wrong class in ReachabilityCallback");
+
+	//We're on the main RunLoop, so an NSAutoreleasePool is not necessary, but is added defensively
+	// in case someon uses the Reachablity object in a different thread.
+	NSAutoreleasePool* myPool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
+	
+	Reachability* noteObject = (Reachability*) info;
+	// Post a notification to notify the client that the network reachability changed.
+	[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] postNotificationName: kReachabilityChangedNotification object: noteObject];
+	
+	[myPool release];
+}
+
+- (BOOL) startNotifier
+{
+	BOOL retVal = NO;
+	SCNetworkReachabilityContext	context = {0, self, NULL, NULL, NULL};
+	if(SCNetworkReachabilitySetCallback(reachabilityRef, ReachabilityCallback, &context))
+	{
+		if(SCNetworkReachabilityScheduleWithRunLoop(reachabilityRef, CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), kCFRunLoopDefaultMode))
+		{
+			retVal = YES;
+		}
+	}
+	return retVal;
+}
+
+- (void) stopNotifier
+{
+	if(reachabilityRef!= NULL)
+	{
+		SCNetworkReachabilityUnscheduleFromRunLoop(reachabilityRef, CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
+	}
+}
+
+- (void) dealloc
+{
+	[self stopNotifier];
+	if(reachabilityRef!= NULL)
+	{
+		CFRelease(reachabilityRef);
+	}
+	[super dealloc];
+}
+
++ (Reachability*) reachabilityWithHostName: (NSString*) hostName;
+{
+	Reachability* retVal = NULL;
+	SCNetworkReachabilityRef reachability = SCNetworkReachabilityCreateWithName(NULL, [hostName UTF8String]);
+	if(reachability!= NULL)
+	{
+		retVal= [[[self alloc] init] autorelease];
+		if(retVal!= NULL)
+		{
+			retVal->reachabilityRef = reachability;
+			retVal->localWiFiRef = NO;
+		}
+	}
+	return retVal;
+}
+
++ (Reachability*) reachabilityWithAddress: (const struct sockaddr_in*) hostAddress;
+{
+	SCNetworkReachabilityRef reachability = SCNetworkReachabilityCreateWithAddress(kCFAllocatorDefault, (const struct sockaddr*)hostAddress);
+	Reachability* retVal = NULL;
+	if(reachability!= NULL)
+	{
+		retVal= [[[self alloc] init] autorelease];
+		if(retVal!= NULL)
+		{
+			retVal->reachabilityRef = reachability;
+			retVal->localWiFiRef = NO;
+		}
+	}
+	return retVal;
+}
+
++ (Reachability*) reachabilityForInternetConnection;
+{
+	struct sockaddr_in zeroAddress;
+	bzero(&zeroAddress, sizeof(zeroAddress));
+	zeroAddress.sin_len = sizeof(zeroAddress);
+	zeroAddress.sin_family = AF_INET;
+	return [self reachabilityWithAddress: &zeroAddress];
+}
+
++ (Reachability*) reachabilityForLocalWiFi;
+{
+	struct sockaddr_in localWifiAddress;
+	bzero(&localWifiAddress, sizeof(localWifiAddress));
+	localWifiAddress.sin_len = sizeof(localWifiAddress);
+	localWifiAddress.sin_family = AF_INET;
+	// IN_LINKLOCALNETNUM is defined in <netinet/in.h> as 169.254.0.0
+	localWifiAddress.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(IN_LINKLOCALNETNUM);
+	Reachability* retVal = [self reachabilityWithAddress: &localWifiAddress];
+	if(retVal!= NULL)
+	{
+		retVal->localWiFiRef = YES;
+	}
+	return retVal;
+}
+
+#pragma mark Network Flag Handling
+
+- (NetworkStatus) localWiFiStatusForFlags: (SCNetworkReachabilityFlags) flags
+{
+	PrintReachabilityFlags(flags, "localWiFiStatusForFlags");
+
+	NetworkStatus retVal = NotReachable;
+	if((flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsReachable) && (flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsIsDirect))
+	{
+		retVal = ReachableViaWiFi;	
+	}
+	return retVal;
+}
+
+- (NetworkStatus) networkStatusForFlags: (SCNetworkReachabilityFlags) flags
+{
+	PrintReachabilityFlags(flags, "networkStatusForFlags");
+	if ((flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsReachable) == 0)
+	{
+		// if target host is not reachable
+		return NotReachable;
+	}
+
+	NetworkStatus retVal = NotReachable;
+	
+	if ((flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionRequired) == 0)
+	{
+		// if target host is reachable and no connection is required
+		//  then we'll assume (for now) that your on Wi-Fi
+		retVal = ReachableViaWiFi;
+	}
+	
+	
+	if ((((flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionOnDemand ) != 0) ||
+		(flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionOnTraffic) != 0))
+	{
+			// ... and the connection is on-demand (or on-traffic) if the
+			//     calling application is using the CFSocketStream or higher APIs
+
+			if ((flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsInterventionRequired) == 0)
+			{
+				// ... and no [user] intervention is needed
+				retVal = ReachableViaWiFi;
+			}
+		}
+	
+	if ((flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsIsWWAN) == kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsIsWWAN)
+	{
+		// ... but WWAN connections are OK if the calling application
+		//     is using the CFNetwork (CFSocketStream?) APIs.
+		retVal = ReachableViaWWAN;
+	}
+	return retVal;
+}
+
+- (BOOL) connectionRequired;
+{
+	NSAssert(reachabilityRef != NULL, @"connectionRequired called with NULL reachabilityRef");
+	SCNetworkReachabilityFlags flags;
+	if (SCNetworkReachabilityGetFlags(reachabilityRef, &flags))
+	{
+		return (flags & kSCNetworkReachabilityFlagsConnectionRequired);
+	}
+	return NO;
+}
+
+- (NetworkStatus) currentReachabilityStatus
+{
+	NSAssert(reachabilityRef != NULL, @"currentNetworkStatus called with NULL reachabilityRef");
+	NetworkStatus retVal = NotReachable;
+	SCNetworkReachabilityFlags flags;
+	if (SCNetworkReachabilityGetFlags(reachabilityRef, &flags))
+	{
+		if(localWiFiRef)
+		{
+			retVal = [self localWiFiStatusForFlags: flags];
+		}
+		else
+		{
+			retVal = [self networkStatusForFlags: flags];
+		}
+	}
+	return retVal;
+}
+@end